ENVO
ENVO is an ontology which represents knowledge about environments,environmental processes, ecosystems, habitats, and related entities. It interoperates with other ontologies in the OBO Foundry and Library. Please see www.environmentontology.org for more info.
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/bfo_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 37 Logical Axioms: 10]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/chebi_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 2366 Logical Axioms: 996]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/go_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 85 Logical Axioms: 18]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/imports/ncbitaxon_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 261 Logical Axioms: 56]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/imports/po_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 94 Logical Axioms: 9]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/pato_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 703 Logical Axioms: 267]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/pco_bfo_bridge.owl>))) [Axioms: 3 Logical Axioms: 1]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/pco_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 21 Logical Axioms: 3]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/ro_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 1147 Logical Axioms: 285]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/imports/uberon_import.owl>))) [Axioms: 24061 Logical Axioms: 4664]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/modules/entity_attribute.owl>))) [Axioms: 57 Logical Axioms: 8]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/modules/entity_attribute_location.owl>))) [Axioms: 119 Logical Axioms: 20]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/modules/entity_quality_location.owl>))) [Axioms: 45 Logical Axioms: 6]
Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/envo/modules/process_attribute.owl>))) [Axioms: 20 Logical Axioms: 2]
editor preferred term~editor preferred label
example of usage
has curation status
definition
editor note
term editor
alternative term
definition source
curator note
imported from
expand expression to
expand assertion to
term replaced by
temporal interpretation
An assertion that holds between an OWL Object Property and a temporal interpretation that elucidates how OWL Class Axioms that use this property are to be interpreted in a temporal context.
is a defining property chain axiom
If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then it also holds that R -> P o Q. Note that this cannot be expressed directly in OWL
is a defining property chain axiom where second argument is reflexive
If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then (1) R -> P o Q holds and (2) Q is either reflexive or locally reflexive. A corollary of this is that P SubPropertyOf R.
EnvO-Lite-GSC
plurals
disconnected_from
A is disconnected_from B if they have no parts in common.
Class: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Nothing> EquivalentTo: (BFO_0000050 some ?X) and (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)
ENVO
disconnected_from
non_overlapping_with
true
true
A is disconnected_from B if they have no parts in common.
SO:cjm
Disposition slim
environmental_hazards
Pathology slim
Relational slim: types of quality that require an additional entity in order to exist
ro-eco
Scalar slim
Value slim
subset_property
synonym_type_property
consider
has_alternative_id
has_broad_synonym
database_cross_reference
has_exact_synonym
has_narrow_synonym
has_obo_format_version
has_obo_namespace
has_related_synonym
has_synonym_type
in_subset
shorthand
part of
Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other.
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.)
A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'.
a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
is part of
my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity)
part_of
this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood)
has part
Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part.
Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.)
A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'.
a core relation that holds between a whole and its part
has part
has_part
my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities)
my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity)
this year has part this day (occurrent parthood)
realized in
Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
[copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003])
is realized by
realized in
realized_in
this disease is realized in this disease course
this fragility is realized in this shattering
this investigator role is realized in this investigation
realizes
Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
realizes
this disease course realizes this disease
this investigation realizes this investigator role
this shattering realizes this fragility
to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003])
preceded by
An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other.
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by
is preceded by
preceded by
preceded_by
x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
precedes
precedes
x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
occurs in
Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant
b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
occurs in
occurs_in
unfolds in
unfolds_in
contains process
Paraphrase of definition: a relation between an independent continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant
[copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
site of
partially_surrounded_by
x partially_surrounded_by y if and only if (1) x is adjacent to y and for the region r that is adjacent to x, r partially overlaps y (2) the shared boundary between x and y occupies a non-trivial proportion of the outermost boundary of x
Definition modified from 'surrounded by'.
A duck swimming in a pond is partially surrounded by air and partially surrounded by water.
results in transformation into
results in expansion of
Afforestation results in the expansion of a forest.
A process, p, results in the expansion of a material entity, m, if the spatial extent of m is increased as a result of participating in p.
results in proliferation of
To be ceded to RO
determined by
determined by part of
inheres in
A dependent inheres in its bearer at all times for which the dependent exists.
a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
inheres in
inheres_in
this fragility inheres in this vase
this red color inheres in this apple
bearer of
A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist.
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
bearer of
bearer_of
is bearer of
this apple is bearer of this red color
this vase is bearer of this fragility
participates in
a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
participates in
participates_in
this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation
this input material (or this output material) participates in this process
this investigator participates in this investigation
has participant
Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time.
a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
has participant
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant
has_participant
this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot
this investigation has participant this investigator
this process has participant this input material (or this output material)
quality of
A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists.
a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
is quality of
quality_of
this red color is a quality of this apple
role of
A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
is role of
role_of
this investigator role is a role of this person
has quality
A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist.
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
has_quality
this apple has quality this red color
has role
A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
has_role
this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator)
derives from
This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops from'.
This relation is taken from the RO2005 version of RO. It may be obsoleted and replaced by relations with different definitions. See also the 'develops from' family of relations.
a relation between two distinct material entities, the new entity and the old entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity
derives_from
this cell derives from this parent cell (cell division)
this nucleus derives from this parent nucleus (nuclear division)
derives into
This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops into'. To avoid making statements about a future that may not come to pass, it is often better to use the backward-looking 'derives from' rather than the forward-looking 'derives into'.
a relation between two distinct material entities, the old entity and the new entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity
derives_into
this parent cell derives into this cell (cell division)
this parent nucleus derives into this nucleus (nuclear division)
location of
Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location
is location of
location_of
my head is the location of my brain
this cage is the location of this rat
contained in
Containment is location not involving parthood, and arises only where some immaterial continuant is involved.
Containment obtains in each case between material and immaterial continuants, for instance: lung contained_in thoracic cavity; bladder contained_in pelvic cavity. Hence containment is not a transitive relation. If c part_of c1 at t then we have also, by our definition and by the axioms of mereology applied to spatial regions, c located_in c1 at t. Thus, many examples of instance-level location relations for continuants are in fact cases of instance-level parthood. For material continuants location and parthood coincide. Containment is location not involving parthood, and arises only where some immaterial continuant is involved. To understand this relation, we first define overlap for continuants as follows: c1 overlap c2 at t =def for some c, c part_of c1 at t and c part_of c2 at t. The containment relation on the instance level can then be defined (see definition):
Intended meaning:
domain: material entity
range: spatial region or site (immaterial continuant)
contained in
contained_in
contains
contains
located in
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:located_in
Location as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation c located_in r at t reflects the fact that each continuant is at any given time associated with exactly one spatial region, namely its exact location. Following we can use this relation to define a further instance-level location relation - not between a continuant and the region which it exactly occupies, but rather between one continuant and another. c is located in c1, in this sense, whenever the spatial region occupied by c is part_of the spatial region occupied by c1. Note that this relation comprehends both the relation of exact location between one continuant and another which obtains when r and r1 are identical (for example, when a portion of fluid exactly fills a cavity), as well as those sorts of inexact location relations which obtain, for example, between brain and head or between ovum and uterus
Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location
located in
located_in
my brain is located in my head
this rat is located in this cage
bounding layer of
David Osumi-Sutherland
A relationship that applies between a continuant and its outer, bounding layer. Examples include the relationship between a multicellular organism and its integument, between an animal cell and its plasma membrane, and between a membrane bound organelle and its outer/bounding membrane.
X outer_layer_of Y iff:
. X :continuant that bearer_of some PATO:laminar
. X part_of Y
. exists Z :surface
. X has_boundary Z
. Z boundary_of Y
has_boundary: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002002
boundary_of: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002000
coincident with
A relation that holds between two linear structures that are approximately parallel to each other for their entire length and where either the two structures are adjacent to each other or one is part of the other.
Example: if we define region of chromosome as any subdivision of a chromosome along its long axis, then we can define a region of chromosome that contains only gene x as 'chromosome region' that coincident_with some 'gene x', where the term gene X corresponds to a genomic sequence.
David Osumi-Sutherland
Note from NCEAS meeting: consider changing primary label
during which ends
David Osumi-Sutherland
Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002122 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range.
encompasses
Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002124 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range.
di
David Osumi-Sutherland
ends after
David Osumi-Sutherland
X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)
immediately preceded by
starts_at_end_of
David Osumi-Sutherland
X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
during which starts
David Osumi-Sutherland
Previously had ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002123 in test files in sandpit - but this seems to have been dropped from ro-edit.owl at some point. No re-use under this ID AFAIK, but leaving note here in case we run in to clashes down the line. Official ID now chosen from DOS ID range.
immediately precedes
X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
ends_at_start_of
meets
David Osumi-Sutherland
starts during
David Osumi-Sutherland
X starts_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (start(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y))
io
happens during
X happens_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y))
d
during
David Osumi-Sutherland
ends during
David Osumi-Sutherland
o
overlaps
X ends_during Y iff: ((start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)) AND end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y).
overlaps
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y)
x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y
true
continuous with
X continuous_with Y if and only if X and Y share a fiat boundary.
connected to
The label for this relation was previously connected to. I relabeled this to "continuous with". The standard notion of connectedness does not imply shared boundaries - e.g. Glasgow connected_to Edinburgh via M8; my patella connected_to my femur (via patellar-femoral joint)
FMA:85972
David Osumi-Sutherland
The label for this relation was previously connected to. I relabeled this to "continuous with". The standard notion of connectedness does not imply shared boundaries - e.g. Glasgow connected_to Edinburgh via M8; my patella connected_to my femur (via patellar-femoral joint)
RO:cjm
partially overlaps
(forall (?x ?y)
(iff
(proper_overlaps ?x ?y)
(and
(overlaps ?x ?y)
(not (part_of ?x ?y))
(not (part_of ?y ?x)))))
proper overlaps
x partially overlaps y iff there exists some z such that z is part of x and z is part of y, and it is also the case that neither x is part of y or y is part of x
We would like to include disjointness axioms with part_of and has_part, however this is not possible in OWL2 as these are non-simple properties and hence cannot appear in a disjointness axiom
spatially disjoint from
https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Part-disjointness-Design-Pattern
Note that it would be possible to use the relation to label the relationship between a near infinite number of structures - between the rings of saturn and my left earlobe. The intent is that this is used for parsiomoniously for disambiguation purposes - for example, between siblings in a jointly exhaustive pairwise disjointness hierarchy
BFO_0000051 exactly 0 (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)
A is spatially_disjoint_from B if and only if they have no parts in common
Chris Mungall
There are two ways to encode this as a shortcut relation. The other possibility to use an annotation assertion between two classes, and expand this to a disjointness axiom.
connected to
https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Connectivity-Design-Pattern
https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-articulations-Design-Pattern
a is connected to b if and only if a and b are discrete structure, and there exists some connecting structure c, such that c connects a and b
a 'toe distal phalanx bone' that is connected to a 'toe medial phalanx bone' (an interphalangeal joint *connects* these two bones).
connects
attached to part of
a is attached to part of b if a is attached to b, or a is attached to some p, where p is part of b.
true
drains
Relation between an collecting structure and another structure, where the collecting structure acts as a conduit channeling fluid, substance or energy away from the other structure.
Individual ontologies should provide their own constraints on this abstract relation. For example, in the realm of anatomy this should hold between a vein and an anatomical structure
develops from
Melissa Haendel
x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y
This is the transitive form of the develops from relation
Chris Mungall
David Osumi-Sutherland
Terry Meehan
develops into
Chris Mungall
David Osumi-Sutherland
Terry Meehan
regulates (processual)
capable of
For compatibility with BFO, this relation has a shortcut definition in which the expression "capable of some P" expands to "bearer_of (some realized_by only P)".
mechanosensory neuron capable of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050974)
osteoclast SubClassOf 'capable of' some 'bone resorption'
Chris Mungall
has function realized in
A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process.
RO_0000053 some (RO_0000054 only ?Y)
capable of part of
RO_0000053 some (RO_0000054 only (BFO_0000050 some ?Y))
has function in
c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p.
Chris Mungall
true
actively participates in
Chris Mungall
agent in
x actively participates in y if and only if x participates in y and x realizes some active role
has active participant
'heart development' has active participant some Shh protein
has agent
Chris Mungall
This may be obsoleted and replaced by the original 'has agent' relation
x has participant y if and only if x realizes some active role that inheres in y
surrounded by
adjacent to
x adjacent to y if and only if x and y share a boundary
This relation acts as a join point with BSPO
Chris Mungall
temporally related to
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit?pli=1
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends.
A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations.
starts
Chris Mungall
inverse of starts with
Allen
starts with
Every insulin receptor signaling pathway starts with the binding of a ligand to the insulin receptor
started by
Chris Mungall
x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
ends
inverse of ends with
Chris Mungall
ends with
Chris Mungall
finished by
x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
has start location
starts with process that occurs in
Chris Mungall
x 'has starts location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'starts with' z and z 'occurs in' y
has end location
Chris Mungall
ends with process that occurs in
x 'has end location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'ends with' z and z 'occurs in' y
has input
p has direct input c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p.
Chris Mungall
consumes
has output
Chris Mungall
p has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present at the beginning of p.
produces
has developmental contribution from
Chris Mungall
Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 3; Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 4 [Kardong]
x has developmental contribution from y iff x has some part z such that z develops from y
developmentally contributes to
Chris Mungall
developmentally preceded by
false
Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p
Chris Mungall
In general you should not use this relation to make assertions - use one of the more specific relations below this one
This relation groups together various other developmental relations. It is fairly generic, encompassing induction, developmental contribution and direct and transitive develops from
developmentally succeeded by
Inverse of developmentally preceded by
Chris Mungall
results in developmental progression of
results_in_developmental_progression_of
Chris Mungall
p results in the developmental progression of s iff p is a developmental process and s is an anatomical structure and p causes s to undergo a change in state at some point along its natural developmental cycle (this cycle starts with its formation, through the mature structure, and ends with its loss).
This property and its subproperties are being used primarily for the definition of GO developmental processes. The property hierarchy mirrors the core GO hierarchy. In future we may be able to make do with a more minimal set of properties, but due to the way GO is currently structured we require highly specific relations to avoid incorrect entailments. To avoid this, the corresponding genus terms in GO should be declared mutually disjoint.
results in formation of
results_in_formation_of
an annotation of gene X to anatomical structure formation with results_in_formation_of UBERON:0000007 (pituitary gland) means that at the beginning of the process a pituitary gland does not exist and at the end of the process a pituitary gland exists.
GOC:mtg_berkeley_2013
Chris Mungall
every "endocardial cushion formation" (GO:0003272) results_in_formation_of some "endocardial cushion" (UBERON:0002062)
has habitat
inheres in part of
q inheres in part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w.
Chris Mungall
Because part_of is transitive, inheres in is a sub-relation of inheres in part of
true
ecologically related to
Chris Mungall
A relationship that is mediated in some way by the environment or environmental feature (ENVO:00002297)
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving ecological interactions
mereotopologically related to
A mereological relationship or a topological relationship
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships
developmentally related to
A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502)
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving organismal development
contributes to
We would like to say
if and only if
exists c', p'
c part_of c' and c' capable_of p
and
c capable_of p' and p' part_of p
then
c contributes_to p
However, this is not possible in OWL. We instead make this relation a sub-relation of the two chains, which gives us the inference in the one direction.
ATP citrate lyase (ACL) in Arabidopsis: it is a heterooctamer, composed of two types of subunits, ACLA and ACLB in a A(4)B(4) stoichiometry. Neither of the subunits expressed alone give ACL activity, but co-expression results in ACL activity. Both subunits contribute_to the ATP citrate lyase activity.
Chris Mungall
Subunits of nuclear RNA polymerases: none of the individual subunits have RNA polymerase activity, yet all of these subunits contribute_to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity.
In the context of the Gene Ontology, contributes_to may be used only with classes from the molecular function ontology.
http://www.geneontology.org/GO.annotation.conventions.shtml#contributes_to
eIF2: has three subunits (alpha, beta, gamma); one binds GTP; one binds RNA; the whole complex binds the ribosome (all three subunits are required for ribosome binding). So one subunit is annotated to GTP binding and one to RNA binding without qualifiers, and all three stand in the contributes_to relationship to "ribosome binding". And all three are part_of an eIF2 complex
functionally related to
Chris Mungall
This is a grouping relation that collects relations used for the purpose of connecting structure and function
part of structure that is capable of
false
this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p.
Chris Mungall
true
involved in
actively involved in
c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p
enables part of
Chris Mungall
member of
An organism that is a member of a population of organisms
is member of
SIO
is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection.
member part of
has member
SIO
has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item.
input of
Chris Mungall
output of
Chris Mungall
formed as result of
Chris Mungall
attached to
a is attached to b if and only if a and b are discrete objects or object parts, and there are physical connections between a and b such that a force pulling a will move b, or a force pulling b will move a
Chris Mungall
in branching relationship with
https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/170
This relation can be used for geographic features (e.g. rivers) as well as anatomical structures (plant branches and roots, leaf veins, animal veins, arteries, nerves)
Chris Mungall
tributary of
This relation can be used for geographic features (e.g. rivers) as well as anatomical structures (veins, arteries)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tributary
tributary channel of
Chris Mungall
http://www.medindia.net/glossary/venous_tributary.htm
drains to
drains into
Deschutes River tributary_of Columbia River
inferior epigastric vein tributary_of external iliac vein
x tributary_of y if and only if x a channel for the flow of a substance into y, where y is larger than x. If x and y are hydrographic features, then y is the main stem of a river, or a lake or bay, but not the sea or ocean. If x and y are anatomical, then y is a vein.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tributary
drains to
Deschutes River tributary_of Columbia River
GAZ
inferior epigastric vein tributary_of external iliac vein
FMA
distributary of
x distributary_of y if and only if x is capable of channeling the flow of a substance to y, where y channels less of the substance than x
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributary
Deschutes River distributary_of Little Lava Lake
branch of
Chris Mungall
distributary channel of
GAZ
Deschutes River distributary_of Little Lava Lake
spatially coextensive with
x spatially_coextensive_with y if and inly if x and y have the same location
This relation is added for formal completeness. It is unlikely to be used in many practical scenarios
A lump of clay and a statue
Chris Mungall
has developmental potential involving
Chris Mungall
x has developmental potential involving y iff x is capable of a developmental process with output y. y may be the successor of x, or may be a different structure in the vicinity (as for example in the case of developmental induction).
has potential to developmentally contribute to
Chris Mungall
x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y
has potential to develop into
Chris Mungall
x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y
has potential to directly develop into
Chris Mungall
x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y
causally related to
This relation groups causal relations between material entities and causal relations between processes
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
This branch of the ontology deals with causal relations between entities. It is divided into two branches: causal relations between occurrents/processes, and causal relations between material entities. We take an 'activity flow-centric approach', with the former as primary, and define causal relations between material entities in terms of causal relations between occurrents.
To define causal relations in an activity-flow type network, we make use of 3 primitives:
* Temporal: how do the intervals of the two occurrents relate?
* Is the causal relation regulatory?
* Is the influence positive or negative
The first of these can be formalized in terms of the Allen Interval Algebra. Informally, the 3 bins we care about are 'direct', 'indirect' or overlapping. Note that all causal relations should be classified under a RO temporal relation (see the branch under 'temporally related to'). Note that all causal relations are temporal, but not all temporal relations are causal. Two occurrents can be related in time without being causally connected. We take causal influence to be primitive, elucidated as being such that has the upstream changed, some qualities of the donwstream would necessarily be modified.
For the second, we consider a relationship to be regulatory if the system in which the activities occur is capable of altering the relationship to achieve some objective. This could include changing the rate of production of a molecule.
For the third, we consider the effect of the upstream process on the output(s) of the downstream process. If the level of output is increased, or the rate of production of the output is increased, then the direction is increased. Direction can be positive, negative or neutral or capable of either direction. Two positives in succession yield a positive, two negatives in succession yield a positive, otherwise the default assumption is that the net effect is canceled and the influence is neutral.
Each of these 3 primitives can be composed to yield a cross-product of different relation types.
causally upstream of or within
influences (processual)
Chris Mungall
p 'causally upstream or within' q iff (1) the end of p is before the end of q and (2) the execution of p exerts some causal influence over the outputs of q; i.e. if p was abolished or the outputs of p were to be modified, this would necessarily affect q.
We would like to make this disjoint with 'preceded by', but this is prohibited in OWL2
causally downstream of or within
Chris Mungall
involved in or regulates
c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p
involved in or involved in regulation of
Chris Mungall
interacts with
Considering relabeling as 'pairwise interacts with'
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0914
https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/InteractionRelations
Chris Mungall
in pairwise interaction with
This relation and all sub-relations can be applied to either (1) pairs of entities that are interacting at any moment of time (2) populations or species of entity whose members have the disposition to interact (3) classes whose members have the disposition to interact.
A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected.
Note that this relationship type, and sub-relationship types may be redundant with process terms from other ontologies. For example, the symbiotic relationship hierarchy parallels GO. The relations are provided as a convenient shortcut. Consider using the more expressive processual form to capture your data. In the future, these relations will be linked to their cognate processes through rules.
biotically interacts with
http://eol.org/schema/terms/interactsWith
interacts with on organism level
An interaction relationship in which at least one of the partners is an organism and the other is either an organism or an abiotic entity with which the organism interacts.
Chris Mungall
trophically interacts with
An interaction relationship in which the partners are related via a feeding relationship.
Chris Mungall
acquires nutrients from
Chris Mungall
Intended to be used when the target of the relation is not itself consumed, and does not have integral parts consumed, but provided nutrients in some other fashion.
provides nutrients for
Chris Mungall
composed primarily of
'otolith organ' SubClassOf 'composed primarily of' some 'calcium carbonate'
x composed_primarily_of y if and only if more than half of the mass of x is made from y or units of the same type as y.
Chris Mungall
has part that occurs in
Chris Mungall
p has part that occurs in c if and only if there exists some p1, such that p has_part p1, and p1 occurs in c.
true
causal agent in
A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process
causal relation between processes
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
Chris Mungall
p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one of direct activation or direct inhibition. p may be upstream, downstream, part of or a container of q.
depends on
Chris Mungall
towards
This relation is provided in order to support the use of relational qualities such as 'concentration of'; for example, the concentration of C in V is a quality that inheres in V, but pertains to C.
Chris Mungall
q towards e2 if and only if q is a relational quality such that q inheres-in some e, and e != e2 and q is dependent on e2
causal relation between material entities
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
Chris Mungall
The intent is that the process branch of the causal property hierarchy is primary (causal relations hold between occurrents/processes), and that the material branch is defined in terms of the process branch
determined by
A coral reef environment is determined by a particular coral reef
Pier Buttigieg
Chris Mungall
The label for this relation is probably too general for its restricted use, where the domain is a system. It may be relabeled in future
s determined by f if and only if s is a type of system, and f is a material entity that is part of s, such that f exerts a strong causal influence on the functioning of s, and the removal of f would cause the collapse of s.
Chris Mungall
determined by (system to material entity)
determines
determines (material entity to system)
Chris Mungall
determined by part of
s 'determined by part of' w if and only if there exists some f such that (1) s 'determined by' f and (2) f part_of w, or f=w.
Chris Mungall
true
causally influenced by
causally influenced by (material entity to material entity)
Chris Mungall
causally influences
Holds between materal entities a and b if the activity of a is causally upstream of the activity of b, or causally upstream of a an activity that modifies b
Chris Mungall
causally influences (material entity to material entity)
biomechanically related to
Chris Mungall
Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving the biomechanical processes.
A relation that holds between elements of a musculoskeletal system or its analogs.
participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with
Chris Mungall
has part structure that is capable of
Chris Mungall
s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p
gland SubClassOf 'has part structure that is capable of' some 'secretion by cell'
causal relation between material entity and a process
Chris Mungall
A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity.
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
has causal agent
Inverse of 'causal agent in'
related via dependence to
A relationship that holds between two entities, where the relationship holds based on the presence or absence of statistical dependence relationship. The entities may be statistical variables, or they may be other kinds of entities such as diseases, chemical entities or processes.
Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
produces
Note that this definition doesn't quite distinguish the output of a transformation process from a production process, which is related to the identity/granularity issue.
a produces b if some process that occurs_in a has_output b, where a and b are material entities. Examples: hybridoma cell line produces monoclonal antibody reagent; chondroblast produces avascular GAG-rich matrix.
Melissa Haendel
produced by
a produced_by b iff some process that occurs_in b has_output a.
Melissa Haendel
has_condition
2013-05-08T07:33:05Z
ENVO
Experimental relation used in EnvO. A condition defines a restricted range of a given quality or combination of qualities. If an environment class, E, has_condition C, then all qualities listed in C are restricted to the ranges defined in C in E. This is not intended as a logical conditional.
has_condition
continuant
An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
occurrent
An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time.
independent continuant
A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
process
An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t.
disposition
realizable entity
A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
quality
specifically dependent continuant
A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same.
role
A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
function
material entity
An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
anatomical structure
material anatomical entity
C19-steroid
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives
NAD
NAD(P)H
volatile organic compound
electron donor
acceptor
water
hydron
dioxygen
ATP
sarcosine
primary alcohol
halide anion
ammonia
hydrogen sulfide
methane
sulfate
urea
hydroxide
ethanol
nitrite
pantothenate
NADPH
naphthalene
carbon dioxide
carbohydrate
peptide
nucleoside 5'-phosphate
chlorophyllide a
NADH
dinitrogen oxide
fluoride
ketone
nucleoside 5'-monophosphate
carbon monoxide
nucleoside triphosphate
testosterone
hydrogencarbonate
nitrate
electron acceptor
hydrogen chloride
donor
ribonucleoside triphosphate
chloride
dinitrogen
lipid
trimethylamine
hydrogen halide
polysaccharide
chlorophyll a
(1->4)-beta-D-glucan
iron atom
dihydrogen
manganese atom
alkane
phosphate(3-)
sulfur dioxide
N-methyl-amino acid
N-methylglycines
acetamides
adenosine phosphate
alkaline earth metal atom
alkali metal atom
alkaloid
alkyl group
alkylamines
anion
arsenate ion
arsenic molecular entity
base
benzenes
benzoates
benzopyrrole
branched-chain amino acid
cadmium atom
calcium atom
calcium molecular entity
carbamate ester
carbon oxide
carbonates
chloride salt
chlorine atom
chlorine molecular entity
chromium molecular entity
molecular entity
copper molecular entity
cyclic peptide
drug
monoatomic anion
monoatomic cation
enzyme inhibitor
ethanols
fluorine atom
glycine derivative
chemical entity
biological role
group
guanidines
halogen molecular entity
halogen
organic heterocyclic compound
heterodetic cyclic peptide
hydrocarbon
hydroxides
hydroxybenzoate
indoles
oxoacid
inorganic anion
inorganic molecular entity
inorganic oxide
inorganic salt
salt
monoatomic ion
ion
iron molecular entity
lead atom
leucine
magnesium atom
magnesium molecular entity
magnesium porphyrin
metabolite
metal cation
metalloporphyrin
methyl ester
methylamines
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
elemental molecule
molecule
monocarboxylic acid
monohydroxybenzoate
monoatomic monocation
monoatomic polycation
mutagen
mycotoxin
naphthalenes
neurotransmitter
NADP
NAD(P)
nicotinamide nucleotide
nitrogen atom
nitrous acid
nonmetal atom
nucleoside phosphate
organic heteromonocyclic compound
organic anion
organic cation
ether
organic ion
organic oxide
organic phosphate
aliphatic alcohol
organophosphorus compound
oxide
oxygen atom
oxygen molecular entity
ozone
aldopentose phosphate
phosphate
phosphoric acid derivative
phosphorus molecular entity
polyester macromolecule
porphyrins
potassium atom
purine nucleoside monophosphate
purine nucleoside triphosphate
purine nucleotide
purine ribonucleoside monophosphate
purine ribonucleoside triphosphate
purine ribonucleotide
purines
pyridines
quinate
radical
reactive oxygen species
ribonucleoside monophosphate
ribonucleotide
ribose phosphate
saturated fatty acid
silicon molecular entity
sodium atom
sodium chloride
sodium molecular entity
sodium salt
carbohydrate phosphate
sulfide
sulfur atom
sulfur molecular entity
tetrapyrrole
organic heterotricyclic compound
threonine
toxin
micronutrient
Anatoxin a
transition element atom
monoatomic trication
organic heterobicyclic compound
vanadium molecular entity
very long-chain fatty acid
xylene
zinc atom
zinc molecular entity
boron atom
arsenic atom
silicon atom
carbon atom
detergent
nitrobenzene
acetamide
lead(0)
chromium atom
nickel atom
phosphorus atom
copper atom
beta-D-glucan
fatty acid anion
ammonium
chlorophyll
carbonic acid
carboxylic acid anion
mononucleotide
arsenate(3-)
hydrogen fluoride
deuteron
deuterium atom
azanide
monocarboxylic acid amide
oxonium
methanide
hydrosulfide
gold(0)
copper(0)
isobutyl group
sulfur hexafluoride
antimony atom
caesium atom
silicon dioxide
salicylate
alcohol
octacosanoic acid
octacosanoate
leucinate
leucinium
tertiary amine
amine
amide
calcium carbonate
application
monoatomic entity
coordination entity
oxoacid derivative
inorganic hydride
organic fundamental parent
organic group
hydrocarbyl group
organyl group
atom
monoatomic hydrogen
atomic nucleus
primary amide
elemental molecular entity
elemental hydrogen
elemental oxygen
diatomic oxygen
triatomic oxygen
diatomic nitrogen
elemental nitrogen
polyatomic anion
molecular messenger
antimicrobial agent
nutrient
heteroorganic entity
agrochemical
fertilizer
fuel
alkali metal molecular entity
alkaline earth molecular entity
pnictogen
pnictogen molecular entity
chalcogen
chalcogen molecular entity
carbon group element atom
carboxylic ester
boron group element atom
main group element atom
strontium atom
silicon oxide
zinc group element atom
chromium group element atom
manganese group element atom
iron group element atom
nickel group element atom
copper group element atom
platinum(0)
hydracid
pnictogen oxoacid
elemental carbon
monoatomic monoanion
elemental chlorine
monoatomic chlorine
monoatomic halogen
elemental halogen
phospho sugar
nitrogen oxoacid
nitrogen oxoanion
pnictogen oxoanion
phosphorus oxoanion
elemental pnictogen
sulfur oxoanion
chalcogen oxoanion
transition element molecular entity
actinoid molecular entity
uranium molecular entity
metal atom
sulfur hydride
alpha-amino-acid anion
s-block element atom
p-block element atom
d-block element atom
carboxylic acid
main group molecular entity
boron group molecular entity
carbon group molecular entity
noble gas molecular entity
lead molecular entity
cyclic compound
homocyclic compound
carbocyclic compound
hydrogen molecular entity
aluminium molecular entity
monoatomic aluminium
elemental aluminium
polycyclic compound
bicyclic compound
ortho-fused compound
aliphatic compound
aromatic compound
arene
organic aromatic compound
monocyclic compound
cyclic hydrocarbon
polycyclic hydrocarbon
heteromonocyclic compound
heteropolycyclic compound
heterobicyclic compound
zinc group molecular entity
s-block molecular entity
p-block molecular entity
d-block molecular entity
f-block molecular entity
helium molecular entity
elemental helium
diatomic helium
hydrides
oxygen hydride
biomacromolecule
polyatomic cation
amino-acid cation
alpha-amino acid
amino acid
alpha-amino-acid cation
chromium group molecular entity
iron group molecular entity
copper group molecular entity
vanadium group molecular entity
nickel group molecular entity
platinum molecular entity
organic hydroxy compound
organic cyclic compound
heteroarene
benzenoid aromatic compound
macromolecule
monocyclic arene
polycyclic arene
transition element coordination entity
reagent
metallotetrapyrrole
macronutrient
halide salt
gold molecular entity
elemental gold
magnesium coordination entity
saxitoxin
nitrogen hydride
azane
aldose phosphate
calcium salt
vanadium(0)
elemental vanadium
surfactant
nitrogen oxide
tracer
label
alkaline earth coordination entity
inhibitor
fossil fuel
ammonium ion
fused compound
carbopolycyclic compound
homopolycyclic compound
ortho-fused polycyclic arene
steroid
17beta-hydroxy steroid
hydroxy steroid
organonitrogen compound
fatty acid
chromium oxoanion
chromium coordination entity
chromate(2-)
transition element oxoanion
oxoanion
ortho-fused bicyclic arene
ortho-fused polycyclic hydrocarbon
ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon
antiinfective agent
alkali metal salt
analgesic
heterocyclic organic fundamental parent
cardiovascular drug
carbon oxoanion
carbon oxoacid
vasodilator agent
ester
nitro compound
C-nitro compound
monocarboxylic acid anion
arsenic oxoanion
phosphate ion
oxo steroid
imidazopyrimidine
pnictogen hydride
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion
inorganic chloride
cyclitol carboxylic acid anion
dicarboxylic acid monoester
cyclic tetrapyrrole
subatomic particle
nuclear particle
polyatomic entity
polyatomic ion
phosphorus oxoacid derivative
phosphorus oxoacids and derivatives
alkaline earth salt
saturated organic heterocyclic parent
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
polycyclic ether
main-group coordination entity
carbonyl compound
organic oxo compound
organochlorine compound
organohalogen compound
heterotricyclic compound
carbobicyclic compound
monoanion
17-hydroxy steroid
inorganic radical
radical cation
radical ion
inorganic radical ion
inorganic radical cation
elemental fluorine
monoatomic fluorine
chalcogen hydride
neon molecular entity
argon molecular entity
krypton molecular entity
inorganic ion
inorganic cation
cation
nitrogen-15 atom
chalcocarbonic acid
organochalcogen compound
organooxygen compound
nucleotide
pyridine nucleotide
nicotinamide dinucleotide
ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate
ribonucleoside 5'-phosphate
purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate
amino-acid anion
purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate
ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate
adenosine 5'-phosphate
glucan
homopolysaccharide
organic hydride
mononuclear parent hydride
elemental lead
tropane alkaloid
elemental copper
cyclic ether
acid
heteroatomic molecular entity
halide
carboxamide
phosphoric ester
polypyrrole
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
oxacycle
organic heteropolycyclic compound
polycyclic heteroarene
chlorophyllide
hydrocarbyl anion
magnesium tetrapyrrole
phorbines
2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid
azabicycloalkane
methylindole
electron-transport chain inhibitor
respiratory-chain inhibitor
inorganic sodium salt
quinolinemonocarboxylate
anaesthetic
general anaesthetic
inhalation anaesthetic
methylbenzene
alkylbenzene
Bronsted acid
Bronsted base
Lewis acid
Lewis base
chloropicrin
straight-chain saturated fatty acid
carbonate
hydrogenphosphate
hydrogensulfate
mineral
sulfide mineral
sulfide salt
carbonate salt
solvent
dioxane
dioxanes
1,4-dioxane
3-oxo steroid
indicator
cyclic polypyrrole
dinucleotide
microcystin
nitric acid
nitrobenzenes
sulfur oxide
antiseptic drug
disinfectant
polar solvent
protic solvent
protophilic solvent
amphiprotic solvent
antagonist
elemental platinum
aluminium(3+)
hydrogen atom
uranium(0)
zinc dichloride
elemental krypton
monoatomic krypton
monoatomic argon
elemental argon
argon(.1+)
monoatomic neon
elemental neon
organic amino compound
sulfur coordination entity
P450 inhibitor
onium compound
onium cation
proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group
androstanoid
probe
monoatomic uranium
elemental uranium
alkyl alcohol
carbon nanotube
nanostructure
nanotube
carbon nanostructure
organic molecular entity
genotoxin
allergen
role
neurotoxin
tertiary amino compound
chemical role
nitrohydrocarbon
nitroarene
nitrogen molecular entity
organic univalent group
organic polycyclic compound
organic tricyclic compound
biochemical role
aetiopathogenetic role
pharmacological role
physiological role
ligand
pharmaceutical
inorganic hydroxy compound
epitope
poly(hydroxyalkanoate)
poly(hydroxybutyrate)
heterocyclic compound
carbon monoxide(1+)
chlorophyll a(1-)
kynurenate
cyclic tetrapyrrole anion
very long-chain fatty acid anion
saturated fatty acid anion
straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion
biomarker
straight-chain fatty acid
electrophilic reagent
nucleophilic reagent
chemical substance
monovalent inorganic cation
aluminium ion
NMDA receptor antagonist
excitatory amino acid antagonist
nucleobase-containing molecular entity
brevetoxin A
ciguatoxin
adenyl nucleotide
adenyl ribonucleotide
signalling molecule
reactive nitrogen species
emulsifier
aluminium cation
oxidising agent
carbohydrate derivative
monosaccharide derivative
pentose derivative
branched-chain amino-acid anion
food additive
one-carbon compound
organic acid
trivalent inorganic cation
poison
N-alkylglycine
organic molecule
eukaryotic metabolite
animal metabolite
mammalian metabolite
prokaryotic metabolite
iron sulfides
iron(2+) sulfides
greenhouse gas
propellant
EC 1.* (oxidoreductase) inhibitor
EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor
EC 3.* (hydrolase) inhibitor
EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitor
EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor
EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitor
EC 1.14.14.1 (unspecific monooxygenase) inhibitor
pathway inhibitor
fungal metabolite
bacterial metabolite
human metabolite
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor
raising agent
food packaging gas
food propellant
fatty acid anion 28:0
food component
environmental contaminant
refrigerant
carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives
trivalent inorganic anion
divalent inorganic anion
monovalent inorganic anion
Nodularin
Brevetoxin B
pheophytin
elemental iron
iron(0)
crustacean metabolite
Daphnia magna metabolite
Daphnia metabolite
chlorophyllide a(2-)
proteinogenic amino acid derivative
non-proteinogenic amino acid
amino acid derivative
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
pentose phosphate
pyrite
metal allergen
skatole
geographic feature
ENVO
ENVO:00000000
May appear on a map.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_feature
macroscopic spatial feature
bedding-plane cave
A cavity developed along a bedding-plane and elongate in cross-section as a result.
ENVO
ENVO:00000001
A cavity developed along a bedding-plane and elongate in cross-section as a result.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
anthropogenic geographic feature
An anthropogenic geographic feature is a geographic feature
resulting from the influence of human beings on nature.
ENVO
ENVO:00000002
FTT:78
TGN:50001
man-made feature
manmade feature
An anthropogenic geographic feature is a geographic feature
resulting from the influence of human beings on nature.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
mine tailing
ENVO
ENVO:00000003
FTT:625
FTT:631
Mine tailings are the materials left over after the process of separating the valuable fraction from the uneconomic fraction (gangue) of an ore.
dumping ground
mine dump
tailing
ADL:FTT
tailing
ADL:FTT
mine dump
USGS:SDTS
dumping ground
Mine tailings are the materials left over after the process of separating the valuable fraction from the uneconomic fraction (gangue) of an ore.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tailings
administrative region
ENVO
ENVO:00000004
FTT:1242
FTT:1252
FTT:15
FTT:16
FTT:18
FTT:19
FTT:21
FTT:22
FTT:23
FTT:24
FTT:25
FTT:26
FTT:27
FTT:28
FTT:29
FTT:37
SWEETRealm:AdministrativeRegion
TGN:80001
TGN:81099
TGN:81123
administrative area
administrative division
administrative entity
boundary region
civil area
district
free trade zone
governed place
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administrative_region
leased area (government)
leased zone (government)
neutral zone (political)
prefecture
protectorate
sheikdom
sultanate
trade zone
ADL:FTT
sheikdom
ADL:FTT
administrative division
ADL:FTT
leased area (government)
Getty:TGN
administrative division
ADL:FTT
neutral zone (political)
Getty:TGN
administrative entity
ADL:FTT
prefecture
ADL:FTT
protectorate
ADL:FTT
district
ADL:FTT
governed place
ADL:FTT
leased zone (government)
ADL:FTT
free trade zone
ADL:FTT
civil area
ADL:FTT
boundary region
ADL:FTT
administrative area
ADL:FTT
trade zone
ADL:FTT
sultanate
first-order administrative region
A primary administrative division of a country, such as a state in the United States.
ENVO
ENVO:00000005
FTT:414
FTT:569
Geonames:A.ADM1
TGN:81100
countries, 1st order division
first level subdivision
first-order administrative division
Geonames:feature
first-order administrative division
ADL:FTT
countries, 1st order division
Getty:TGN
first level subdivision
A primary administrative division of a country, such as a state in the United States.
Geonames:http://www.geonames.org/export/codes.html
second-order administrative region
A subdivision of a first-order administrative division.
ENVO
ENVO:00000006
FTT:286
FTT:576
Geonames:A.ADM2
TGN:81300
countries, 2nd order division
second level subdivision
second-order administrative division
Geonames:feature
second-order administrative division
Getty:TGN
second level subdivision
A subdivision of a first-order administrative division.
Geonames:http://www.geonames.org/export/codes.html
ADL:FTT
countries, 2nd order division
third-order administrative region
A subdivision of a second-order administrative division.
ENVO
ENVO:00000007
FTT:204
FTT:205
FTT:578
Geonames:A.ADM3
TGN:82401
barrio
countries, 3rd order division
third level subdivision
third-order administrative division
ADL:FTT
countries, 3rd order division
A subdivision of a second-order administrative division.
Geonames:http://www.geonames.org/export/codes.html
ADL:FTT
barrio
Geonames:feature
third-order administrative division
Getty:TGN
third level subdivision
fourth-order administrative region
A subdivision of a third-order administrative division.
ENVO
ENVO:00000008
FTT:580
FTT:581
Geonames:A.ADM4
TGN:82402
countries, 4th order division
fourth level subdivision
fourth-order administrative division
ADL:FTT
countries, 4th order division
A subdivision of a third-order administrative division.
Geonames:http://www.geonames.org/export/codes.html
Geonames:feature
fourth-order administrative division
Getty:TGN
fourth level subdivision
national geopolitical entity
A political association with effective dominion over a geographic area.
ENVO
ENVO:00000009
FTT:424
FTT:566
FTT:567
FTT:571
SWEETRealm:Country
SWEETRealm:State
TGN:80006
TGN:81010
TGN:81011
TGN:81102
country
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation
independent nation
independent political entity
independent sovereign nation
nation
political entity
state
ADL:FTT
nation
ADL:FTT
country
Getty:TGN
independent political entity
Getty:TGN
independent sovereign nation
ADL:FTT
political entity
A political association with effective dominion over a geographic area.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State
Getty:TGN
independent nation
transport feature
A man-made feature constructed for the purpose of enabling the movement of humans, their animals or their vehicles.
ENVO
ENVO:00000010
FTT:83
A man-made feature constructed for the purpose of enabling the movement of humans, their animals or their vehicles.
MA:ma
garden
An enclosure for displaying selected plant or animal life.
ENVO
ENVO:00000011
FTT:31
FTT:743
Geonames:S.GDN
PARK
TGN:53010
cropland
garden
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden
park
An enclosure for displaying selected plant or animal life.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
garden
USGS:SDTS
cropland
PARK
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
park
hydrographic feature
A geographical feature associated with water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000012
FTT:131
FTT:280
FTT:711
FTT:761
FTT:824
FTT:825
FTT:826
FTT:827
FTT:828
FTT:829
Geonames:H.OVF
OVERFALLS
eddy
fluvial feature
overfalls
ADL:FTT
overfalls
ADL:FTT
eddy
Geonames:feature
overfalls
A geographical feature associated with water.
MA:ma
OVERFALLS
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
fluvial feature
cave system
A collection of caves interconnected by enterable passages or linked hydrologically or a cave with an extensive complex of chambers and passages.
ENVO
ENVO:00000013
A collection of caves interconnected by enterable passages or linked hydrologically or a cave with an extensive complex of chambers and passages.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
canal
Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used for navigation, drainage or irrigation.
ENVO
ENVO:00000014
EcoLexicon:canal
FTT:129
FTT:395
FTT:407
FTT:408
Geonames:H.CNL
SWEETRealm:Canal
TGN:51252
This class refers to the water contained in a canal channel, and not the channel itself.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal
Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used for navigation, drainage or irrigation.
MA:ma
ocean
Continuous saline-water bodies that surround the continents and fill the Earth's great depressions.
ENVO
ENVO:00000015
EcoLexicon:ocean
FTT:1019
FTT:943
Geonames:H.OCN
LTER:695
Ocean
SWEETRealm:Ocean
TGN:21102
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
ocean
ocean region
sea
NASA:earthrealm
Ocean
ADL:FTT
ocean region
USGS:SDTS
sea
Geonames:feature
ocean
ADL:FTT
Continuous saline-water bodies that surround the continents and fill the Earth's great depressions.
sea
A large expanse of saline water usually connected with an ocean.
ENVO
ENVO:00000016
EcoLexicon:sea
FTT:233
FTT:830
Geonames:H.SEA
Sea
TGN:21103
channel
closed sea
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea
marginal sea
open sea
open sound
open water
sea
USGS:SDTS
marginal sea
A large expanse of saline water usually connected with an ocean.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea
USGS:SDTS
open sound
NASA:earthrealm
Sea
USGS:SDTS
open water
Geonames:feature
sea
USGS:SDTS
closed sea
ADL:FTT
sea
USGS:SDTS
open sea
saline hydrographic feature
A geographical feature associated with water with a halinity above 30 ppt (roughly 35 g/L).
ENVO
ENVO:00000017
A geographical feature associated with water with a halinity above 30 ppt (roughly 35 g/L).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salinity
dry river
A river that has either permanently or temporally lost its water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000018
A river that has either permanently or temporally lost its water.
MA:ma
saline lake
A lake whose water contains a considerable concentration of dissolved salts.
ENVO
ENVO:00000019
FTT:221
FTT:907
Geonames:H.LKN
Geonames:H.LKSN
TGN:21116
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_lake
salina
salt lake
soda lake
A lake whose water contains a considerable concentration of dissolved salts.
MA:ma
USGS:SDTS
salina
USGS:SDTS
salt lake
lake
A body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained on a body of land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000020
EcoLexicon:lake
FTT:221
FTT:704
FTT:909
Geonames:H.LK
Geonames:H.LKS
LTER:278
SPIRE:Lake_or_pond
SWEETRealm:Lake
TGN:21114
TGN:21115
broad
catch basin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake
llyn
loch
lochan
lough
mere
mortlake
open water
pasteuer lake
tarn
USGS:SDTS
open water
USGS:SDTS
catch basin
ADL:FTT
tarn
USGS:SDTS
mortlake
A body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained on a body of land.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake
USGS:SDTS
pasteuer lake
ADL:FTT
lochan
freshwater lake
A lake of whose water contains low concentrations of salts.
ENVO
ENVO:00000021
FreshwaterLake
SWEETRealm:FreshwaterLake
A lake of whose water contains low concentrations of salts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freshwater
FreshwaterLake
NASA:earthrealm
river
ENVO
ENVO:00000022
EcoLexicon:river
FTT:1179
FTT:251
LTER:474
Natural freshwater surface streams of considerable volume and a permanent or seasonal flow, moving in a definite channel toward a sea, lake, or another river; any large streams, or ones larger than brooks or creeks, such as the trunk stream and larger branches of a drainage system.
River
SPIRE:River
SWEETRealm:River
TGN:21105
braided river
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River
rio
watercourse
USGS:SDTS
braided river
ADL:FTT
Natural freshwater surface streams of considerable volume and a permanent or seasonal flow, moving in a definite channel toward a sea, lake, or another river; any large streams, or ones larger than brooks or creeks, such as the trunk stream and larger branches of a drainage system.
USGS:SDTS
rio
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
NASA:earthrealm
River
ADL:FTT
rio
stream
Creek
ENVO
ENVO:00000023
EcoLexicon:stream
FTT:105
FTT:1221
FTT:1225
FTT:1261
FTT:303
FTT:371
FTT:593
FTT:721
Geonames:H.STM
Geonames:H.STMS
LTER:562
Linear body of water flowing on the Earth's surface.
SWEETRealm:Stream
Stream
TGN:21106
TGN:21107
TGN:21108
TGN:21109
beck
braided stream
brook
burn (hydrographic)
creek
fork (hydrographic
glacial stream
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream
lode
millstream
rivulet
stream
stream bend
streams
watercourse
USGS:SDTS
beck
Creek
NASA:earthrealm
Geonames:feature
streams
USGS:SDTS
creek
ADL:FTT
brook
Geonames:feature
stream
Linear body of water flowing on the Earth's surface.
USGS:http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html
ADL:FTT
burn (hydrographic)
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
ADL:FTT
fork (hydrographic
ADL:FTT
watercourse
NASA:earthrealm
Stream
USGS:SDTS
rivulet
USGS:SDTS
lode
Getty:TGN
creek
USGS:SDTS
braided stream
ADL:FTT
stream bend
USGS:SDTS
glacial stream
Getty:TGN
brook
ADL:FTT
creek
intermittent stream
A stream whose flow is not continuous.
ENVO
ENVO:00000024
FTT:105
FTT:882
Geonames:H.STMI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermittent_stream
intermittent stream
stream
true
Geonames:feature
intermittent stream
A stream whose flow is not continuous.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
stream
reservoir
An artificial body of water, often contained by a dam, constructed for the purpose of water storage.
ENVO
ENVO:00000025
EcoLexicon:reservoir
FTT:587
FTT:588
FTT:882
Geonames:H.RSV
SWEETRealm:Reservoir
TGN:51259
covered reservoir
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservoir
lake
reservoir
Geonames:feature
reservoir
USGS:SDTS
lake
ADL:FTT
covered reservoir
An artificial body of water, often contained by a dam, constructed for the purpose of water storage.
MA:ma
well
A cylindrical hole, pit, or tunnel drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface.
ENVO
ENVO:00000026
EcoLexicon:well
FTT:1032
FTT:1237
FTT:833
Geonames:H.WLL
Geonames:H.WLLS
SWEETRealm:Well
TGN:51255
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well
A cylindrical hole, pit, or tunnel drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface.
Geonames:feature
spring
A point where groundwater or steam flows out of the ground, and is thus where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface or where there is a fissure.
ENVO
ENVO:00000027
EcoLexicon:spring
FTT:982
Geonames:H.SPNG
SPRING
SWEETRealm:Spring
Spring
TGN:21126
seep
spring
SPRING
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
seep
NASA:earthrealm
Spring
Geonames:feature
spring
A point where groundwater or steam flows out of the ground, and is thus where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface or where there is a fissure.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_%28hydrosphere%29#Classification
sand pit quarry
A quarry from which sand is extracted.
ENVO
ENVO:00000028
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_pit
sand pit
A quarry from which sand is extracted.
MA:ma
watercourse
A flowing body of water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000029
EcoLexicon:brook
EcoLexicon:course
EcoLexicon:culvert
EcoLexicon:gully
EcoLexicon:ravine
EcoLexicon:spillway
EcoLexicon:waterway
FTT:105
Geonames:H.NRWS
Geonames:H.RCH
Geonames:H.WTRC
Geonames:S.SPLY
TGN:21110
TGN:21131
TGN:21133
TGN:21137
TGN:21163
TGN:21499
awawa
barranca
beck
branch
brook
course
culvert
draw
dredged channel
fork
gulch
gully
gut
gutter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercourse
kill
lode
moat
narrows
narrows
narrows (hydrographic)
overflow channel
passage
pup
race
ravine
reach
rill
rivulet
run
runnel
seachannel
seaway
spillway
stream
tideway
wash
water gap
Getty:TGN
passage
Getty:TGN
run
Geonames:feature
spillway
USGS:SDTS
passage
USGS:SDTS
culvert
A flowing body of water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercourse
USGS:SDTS
gulch
ADL:FTT
stream
USGS:SDTS
run
USGS:SDTS
branch
USGS:SDTS
dredged channel
Geonames:feature
reach
USGS:SDTS
kill
USGS:SDTS
course
USGS:SDTS
runnel
USGS:SDTS
tideway
USGS:SDTS
beck
USGS:SDTS
brook
USGS:SDTS
moat
USGS:SDTS
ravine
ADL:FTT
narrows (hydrographic)
USGS:SDTS
draw
USGS:SDTS
race
USGS:SDTS
spillway
USGS:SDTS
barranca
USGS:SDTS
gully
USGS:SDTS
rill
USGS:SDTS
fork
USGS:SDTS
rivulet
USGS:SDTS
water gap
USGS:SDTS
reach
USGS:SDTS
seaway
Getty:TGN
narrows
USGS:SDTS
overflow channel
USGS:SDTS
gut
USGS:SDTS
seachannel
USGS:SDTS
wash
USGS:SDTS
gutter
USGS:SDTS
lode
USGS:SDTS
awawa
Getty:TGN
reach
Geonames:feature
narrows
USGS:SDTS
narrows
Getty:TGN
gut
USGS:SDTS
pup
dead cave
A cave without streams or drips of water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000030
dry cave
A cave without streams or drips of water.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
wadi
A valley or ravine, bounded by relatively steep banks, which in the rainy season becomes a watercourse.
ENVO
ENVO:00000031
EcoLexicon:wadi
FTT:157
FTT:158
FTT:159
FTT:160
FTT:161
FTT:163
FTT:164
Geonames:H.WAD
Geonames:H.WADB
Geonames:H.WADJ
Geonames:H.WADS
SWEETRealm:Arroyo
SWEETRealm:Wash
TGN:21167
TGN:21423
TGN:21424
The temporality of wadis is problematic in deciding whether they are watercourses or valleys.
arroyo
coulee
gully
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadi
nullah
wadi
wadi bend
wadi junction
wadi mouth
wadis
wash
watercourse
Geonames:feature
wadi
ADL:FTT
wadi mouth
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
ADL:FTT
wash
A valley or ravine, bounded by relatively steep banks, which in the rainy season becomes a watercourse.
Geonames:feature
ADL:FTT
coulee
ADL:FTT
gully
ADL:FTT
arroyo
USGS:SDTS
nullah
Geonames:feature
wadi bend
ADL:FTT
wadi bend
ADL:FTT
wadi junction
Geonames:feature
wadis
Getty:TGN
coulee
bay
An area of water bordered by land on three sides.
ENVO
ENVO:00000032
EcoLexicon:bay
FTT:190
FTT:232
FTT:235
Geonames:H.BAY
Geonames:H.BAYS
Geonames:H.BGHT
SWEETRealm:Bay
TGN:21121
TGN:21123
TGN:21127
bahia
embayment
firth
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay
inlet
sea loch
sea lough
An area of water bordered by land on three sides.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay
USGS:SDTS
inlet
ADL:FTT
bahia
pond
A body of water, usually of smaller size than a lake.
ENVO
ENVO:00000033
EcoLexicon:pond
FTT:221
FTT:902
FTT:904
FTT:905
Geonames:H.PND
Geonames:H.PNDS
Geonames:H.POOL
POOL
Pond
SPIRE:Lake_or_pond
SWEETRealm:Pond
TGN:21104
TGN:21119
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pond
lake
millpond
pond
ponds
pool
pool (water body)
pool (water body)
NASA:earthrealm
Pond
USGS:SDTS
lake
Geonames:feature
pool
USGS:SDTS
pool (water body)
Geonames:feature
ponds
ADL:FTT
lake
Geonames:feature
pond
ADL:FTT
pond
ADL:FTT
millpond
ADL:FTT
pool (water body)
USGS:SDTS
pool
A body of water, usually of smaller size than a lake.
MA:ma
USGS:SDTS
millpond
Getty:TGN
POOL
rapids
An area of broken, fast flowing water in a stream, where the slope of the bed increases (but without a prominent break of slope which might result in a waterfall), or where a gently dipping bar of harder rock outcrops.
ENVO
ENVO:00000034
EcoLexicon:rapids
FTT:212
Geonames:H.RPDS
RAPIDS
SWEETRealm:Torrent
TGN:21162
cataract
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapids
rapids
torrent
An area of broken, fast flowing water in a stream, where the slope of the bed increases (but without a prominent break of slope which might result in a waterfall), or where a gently dipping bar of harder rock outcrops.
USGS:SDTS
RAPIDS
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
torrent
ADL:FTT
rapids
USGS:SDTS
cataract
Geonames:feature
rapids
marsh
A wetland, featuring grasses, rushes, reeds, typhas, sedges, and other herbaceous plants (possibly with low-growing woody plants) in a context of shallow water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000035
EcoLexicon:marsh
FTT:1118
FTT:185
FTT:945
Geonames:H.MRSH
LTER:326
Marsh
SPIRE:Marsh
SWEETRealm:Marsh
TGN:21322
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsh
marsh
quagmire
wetland
A wetland, featuring grasses, rushes, reeds, typhas, sedges, and other herbaceous plants (possibly with low-growing woody plants) in a context of shallow water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsh
USGS:SDTS
wetland
ADL:FTT
quagmire
USGS:SDTS
quagmire
Marsh
NASA:earthrealm
ADL:FTT
wetland
Geonames:feature
marsh
irrigation canal
Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used irrigation.
ENVO
ENVO:00000036
FTT:129
FTT:405
Geonames:H.CNLI
canal
irrigation canal
Geonames:feature
canal
Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used irrigation.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
irrigation canal
Geonames:feature
irrigation canal
ditch
A small, human-made channel which has been dug for draining or irrigating the land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000037
EcoLexicon:drain
FTT:129
FTT:400
FTT:403
Geomames:DTCH
SWEETRealm:Drain
TGN:51256
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ditch
A small, human-made channel which has been dug for draining or irrigating the land.
Geonames:feature
lagoon
A sheet of saline water separated from the open sea by sand or shingle banks. The sheet of water between an offshore reef, especially of coral and mainland. The sheet of water within a ring or horseshoe shaped atoll.
ENVO
ENVO:00000038
EcoLexicon:lagoon
FTT:221
FTT:898
FTT:899
Geonames:H.LGN
Geonames:H.LGNS
LAGOON
Lagoon
SWEETRealm:Lagoon
TGN:21125
barrier lagoon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagoon
lagoon
lagoons
laguna
lake
ADL:FTT
laguna
A sheet of saline water separated from the open sea by sand or shingle banks. The sheet of water between an offshore reef, especially of coral and mainland. The sheet of water within a ring or horseshoe shaped atoll.
USGS:SDTS
Lagoon
NASA:earthrealm
Geonames:feature
lagoons
USGS:SDTS
laguna
ADL:FTT
lake
USGS:SDTS
barrier lagoon
Geonames:feature
lagoon
LAGOON
USGS:SDTS
fjord
A long and narrow sea inlet with high steeply sloped walled sides. A fjord is a landform created during a period of glaciation.
ENVO
ENVO:00000039
EcoLexicon:fiord
FTT:231
FTT:690
FTT:704
Geonames:H.FJD
Geonames:H.FJDS
SWEETRealm:Fiord
SWEETRealm:Fjord
TGN:21122
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fjord
A long and narrow sea inlet with high steeply sloped walled sides. A fjord is a landform created during a period of glaciation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fjord
waterfall
A sudden descent of water over a step or ledge in the bed of a river.
ENVO
ENVO:00000040
EcoLexicon:force
EcoLexicon:waterfall
FTT:435
FTT:436
FTT:439
FTT:680
Geonames:H.FLLS
TGN:21161
TGN:21166
WATERFALL
cascade
cataract
fall
falls
force
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall
linn
waterfalls
Should this be a hydroform?
ADL:FTT
cascade
USGS:SDTS
WATERFALL
USGS:SDTS
falls
Geonames:feature
waterfalls
ADL:FTT
cataract
USGS:SDTS
cascade
ADL:FTT
fall
A sudden descent of water over a step or ledge in the bed of a river.
USGS:SDTS
Getty:TGN
cataract
tidal creek
A tidal water channel. Creeks may often dry to a muddy channel with little or no flow at low tide, but often with significant depth of water at high tide.
ENVO
ENVO:00000041
FTT:105
FTT:1223
Geonames:H.CRKT
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_creek
stream
tidal creek
Geonames:feature
tidal creek
A tidal water channel. Creeks may often dry to a muddy channel with little or no flow at low tide, but often with significant depth of water at high tide.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_creek
ADL:FTT
stream
drainage canal
Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used drainage.
ENVO
ENVO:00000042
FTT:129
FTT:401
Geonames:H.CNLD
canal
drainage canal
ADL:FTT
canal
Geonames:feature
drainage canal
ADL:FTT
drainage canal
Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used drainage.
MA:ma
wetland
An area that is inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:00000043
EcoLexicon:wetland
EstuarineWetland
FTT:1001
FTT:1060
FTT:1061
FTT:1118
FTT:1180
FTT:1190
FTT:1206
FTT:1207
FTT:1226
FTT:184
FTT:185
FTT:228
FTT:281
FTT:480
FTT:716
FTT:883
FTT:934
FTT:945
FTT:983
Geonames:H.WTLD
LTER:630
LacustrineWetland
MarineWetland
PalustrineWetland
RiparianWetland
SPIRE:Bog
SWEETRealm:Wetland
TGN:21301
TGN:21304
TGN:21305
TerrestialWetland
WETLAND
Wetland
WetlandRegion
back marsh
backswamp
backwater
barrier flat
blanket bog
bog
cienaga
dismal
everglade
floating marsh
forested wetland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetland
marsh
mire
moor
morass
mud flat
muskeg
peat cutting area
peatland
quagmire
quaking bog
riparian area
slash
slough
slue
swamp forest
tulelands
wetland
An area that is inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetland
ADL:FTT
peatland
ADL:FTT
mud flat
ADL:FTT
quagmire
USGS:SDTS
WETLAND
LacustrineWetland
NASA:earthrealm
EstuarineWetland
NASA:earthrealm
NASA:earthrealm
WetlandRegion
ADL:FTT
backwater
ADL:FTT
mire
USGS:SDTS
barrier flat
Getty:TGN
slough
USGS:SDTS
swamp forest
ADL:FTT
slough
USGS:SDTS
quaking bog
USGS:SDTS
muskeg
ADL:FTT
bog
USGS:SDTS
mire
ADL:FTT
slue
USGS:SDTS
tulelands
ADL:FTT
cienaga
USGS:SDTS
everglade
Geonames:feature
wetland
ADL:FTT
peat cutting area
USGS:SDTS
morass
NASA:earthrealm
PalustrineWetland
USGS:SDTS
floating marsh
USGS:SDTS
quagmire
ADL:FTT
marsh
Getty:TGN
bog
MarineWetland
NASA:earthrealm
NASA:earthrealm
RiparianWetland
ADL:FTT
riparian area
USGS:SDTS
backswamp
USGS:SDTS
slash
USGS:SDTS
slough
NASA:earthrealm
Wetland
ADL:FTT
forested wetland
NASA:earthrealm
TerrestialWetland
USGS:SDTS
back marsh
USGS:SDTS
blanket bog
USGS:SDTS
moor
USGS:SDTS
dismal
peatland
A wetland type that accumulates acidic peat, a deposit of dead plant material.
ENVO
ENVO:00000044
EcoLexicon:peat_bog
FTT:1061
FTT:185
FTT:281
FTT:983
Geonames:H.BOG
LTER:402
LTER:70
Peatland
SPIRE:Bog
SWEETRealm:Peatland
TGN:21304
bog
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peatland
mire
morass
muskeg
peat bog
wetland
ADL:FTT
bog
Geonames:feature
bog
USGS:SDTS
muskeg
USGS:SDTS
wetland
A wetland type that accumulates acidic peat, a deposit of dead plant material.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bog
USGS:SDTS
morass
ADL:FTT
wetland
USGS:SDTS
bog
USGS:SDTS
peat bog
NASA:earthrealm
Peatland
estuary
A semi-enclosed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea.
ENVO
ENVO:00000045
EcoLexicon:estuary
Estuary
FTT:234
Geonames:H.ESTY
LTER:182
SWEETRealm:Estuary
TGN:21152
estuary
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary
inlet
mouth
Geonames:feature
estuary
USGS:SDTS
mouth
Estuary
NASA:earthrealm
A semi-enclosed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary
USGS:SDTS
inlet
hedge
A dense growth of shrubbery planted as a fence or boundary.
ENVO
ENVO:00000046
HEDGE
hedgerow
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedge
shelter belt
HEDGE
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
shelter belt
A dense growth of shrubbery planted as a fence or boundary.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
hedgerow
canopy
ENVO
ENVO:00000047
EcoLexicon:canopy
LTER:82
SWEETRealm:Canopy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canopy
navigation canal
Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used navigation.
ENVO
ENVO:00000048
EcoLexicon:navigation_channel
FTT:409
FTT:467
Geonames:H.CHNN
Geonames:H.CNLN
TGN:51257
navigation canal
navigation canal
navigation channel
navigation channel
ship cannal
USGS:SDTS
ship cannal
Geonames:feature
navigation channel
Geonames:feature
navigation canal
ADL:FTT
navigation canal
ADL:FTT
navigation channel
Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used navigation.
MA:ma
volcanic hydrographic feature
ENVO
ENVO:00000049
ENVO:00000052
ENVO:00000215
ENVO:00000407
ENVO:01000265
true
geyser
A hot spring that erupts periodically, ejecting a column of hot water and steam into the air.
ENVO
ENVO:00000050
EcoLexicon:geyser
FTT:755
GEYSER
Geonames:H.GYSR
TGN:21171
geyser
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geyser
thermal feature
Geonames:feature
geyser
A hot spring that erupts periodically, ejecting a column of hot water and steam into the air.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geyser
GEYSER
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
thermal feature
hot spring
A spring that is produced by the emergence of geothermally-heated groundwater from the Earth's crust.
ENVO
ENVO:00000051
EcoLexicon:thermal_spring
FTT:732
FTT:815
Geonames:H.SPNT
hot spring
hotspring
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_spring
spring
thermal feature
thermal spring
A spring that is produced by the emergence of geothermally-heated groundwater from the Earth's crust.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_spring
Geonames:feature
hot spring
USGS:SDTS
spring
ADL:FTT
thermal feature
crater lake
A lake contained within a volcanic crater.
ENVO
ENVO:00000052
FTT:384
FTT:590
Geonames:H.LKC
Geonames:H.LKSC
TGN:21138
caldera lake
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crater_lake
A lake contained within a volcanic crater.
MA:ma
freshwater marsh
A marsh associated with water that contains low concentrations of salts.
ENVO
ENVO:00000053
A marsh associated with water that contains low concentrations of salts.
MA:ma
saline marsh
A marsh whose water contains a considerable quantity of dissolved salts.
ENVO
ENVO:00000054
EcoLexicon:salt_marsh
FTT:1190
FTT:185
Geonames:H.MRSHN
LTER:482
TGN:21323
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_marsh
salt marsh
salt marsh
salting
tidal marsh
wetland
It would be more correct to say that this has_quality salty or has_part ((soil and water) and has_increased_levels_of salt.
Geonames:feature
salt marsh
USGS:SDTS
salting
USGS:SDTS
tidal marsh
ADL:FTT
wetland
A marsh whose water contains a considerable quantity of dissolved salts.
MA:ma
USGS:SDTS
salt marsh
saline evaporation pond
A shallow man-made pond designed to produce salt from sea water. The seawater is fed into large ponds and water is drawn out through natural evaporation which allows the salt to be subsequently harvested.
ENVO
ENVO:00000055
FTT:221
FTT:906
FTT:908
Geonames:H.MFGN
Geonames:H.PNDN
Geonames:H.PNDSN
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_evaporation_pond
lake
salt evaporation pond
salt pond
salt ponds
saltern
A shallow man-made pond designed to produce salt from sea water. The seawater is fed into large ponds and water is drawn out through natural evaporation which allows the salt to be subsequently harvested.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_evaporation_ponds
ADL:FTT
salt pond
Geonames:feature
salt evaporation pond
Geonames:feature
salt ponds
ADL:FTT
lake
Geonames:feature
salt pond
ADL:FTT
salt evaporation pond
fishpond
A pond or lake used for the artificial culture of fish.
ENVO
ENVO:00000056
FTT:221
FTT:696
FTT:701
Geonames:H.PNDSF
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishpond
A pond or lake used for the artificial culture of fish.
MA:ma
mangrove swamp
An swamp formed of trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics.
ENVO
ENVO:00000057
EcoLexicon:mangrove_swamp
FTT:185
FTT:934
Geonames:H.MGV
MangroveForest
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove_swamp
mangal
mangrove swamp
wetland
woodland
ADL:FTT
wetland
Geonames:feature
mangrove swamp
USGS:SDTS
wetland
An swamp formed of trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics.
MA:ma
USGS:SDTS
woodland
MangroveForest
NASA:earthrealm
underground lake
A lake which is formed under the surface of the Earth. Such a lake may be associated with caves and aquifers and springs.
ENVO
ENVO:00000058
FTT:445
FTT:449
Geonames:H.LKSB
TGN:21188
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_lake
underground lake
Geonames:feature
underground lake
A lake which is formed under the surface of the Earth. Such a lake may be associated with caves and aquifers and springs.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake#Types_of_lakes
underground river
A river that is under the surface of the Earth.
ENVO
ENVO:00000059
TGN:21187
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_river
A river that is under the surface of the Earth.
MA:ma
underground stream
A stream that is under the surface of the Earth.
ENVO
ENVO:00000060
A stream that is under the surface of the Earth.
MA:ma
underground water body
A geographical feature associated with water that is under the surface of the earth.
ENVO
ENVO:00000061
This class should probably be replaced with a quality-like entity "underground" which can then be distributed to the subclasses, solving the double inheritance.
A geographical feature associated with water that is under the surface of the earth.
MA:ma
populated place
ENVO
ENVO:00000062
FTT:1097
FTT:33
Geonames:P.PPL
Geonames:P.PPLS
Place or area with clustered or scattered buildings and a permanent human population.
TGN:22201
TGN:83002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populated_place
inhabited place
inhabited region
place
populated locality
populated place
populated places
settlement
Place or area with clustered or scattered buildings and a permanent human population.
USGS:http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html
Geonames:feature
populated place
USGS:SDTS
place
Geonames:feature
populated places
USGS:SDTS
settlement
Getty:TGN
inhabited place
water body
An accumulation of water of varying size.
ENVO
ENVO:00000063
EcoLexicon:waterbody
FTT:131
FTT:280
FTT:827
SWEETRealm:BodyOfWater
TGN:21100
TGN:21101
aquatic feature
bodies of water
body of water
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ The term body of water most often refers to large accumulations of water, such as oceans, seas, and lakes, but it includes smaller pools of water such as ponds, wetlands, or more rarely, puddles. A body of water does not have to be still or contained; Rivers, streams, canals, and other geographical features where water moves from one place to another are also considered bodies of water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_body
hydrographic feature
waterbody
An accumulation of water of varying size.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_of_water
ADL:FTT
body of water
ADL:FTT
hydrographic feature
Getty:TGN
body of water
Getty:TGN
bodies of water
road
An open way for the passage of vehicles, persons, or animals on land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000064
EcoLexicon:road
FTT:1058
FTT:1183
FTT:1185
FTT:1187
FTT:431
FTT:443
FTT:646
FTT:798
FTT:884
Geonames:R
Geonames:R.RD
Geonames:R.ST
LTER:475
ROAD
SWEETRealm:Highway
TGN:53151
TGN:53153
TGN:53154
TGN:53157
accessway
alley
avenue
board walk
boulevard
caravan route
cart track
causeway
drive
drove
farm lane
freeway
highway
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road
intersection
lane
parkway
road
road bend
road junction
roadway
street
thorofare
thoroughfare
thruway
traffic circle
turnpike
ADL:FTT
road junction
Geonames:feature
street
USGS:SDTS
farm lane
USGS:SDTS
accessway
USGS:SDTS
turnpike
USGS:SDTS
boulevard
ADL:FTT
traffic circle
USGS:SDTS
thoroughfare
ADL:FTT
highway
ADL:FTT
caravan route
USGS:SDTS
thorofare
ADL:FTT
street
USGS:SDTS
street
ADL:FTT
drive
Getty:TGN
highway
ADL:FTT
intersection
USGS:SDTS
alley
Geonames:feature
road
ADL:FTT
parkway
Getty:TGN
street
USGS:SDTS
avenue
ADL:FTT
causeway
ADL:FTT
drove
USGS:SDTS
freeway
USGS:SDTS
cart track
ADL:FTT
road bend
USGS:SDTS
thruway
An open way for the passage of vehicles, persons, or animals on land.
USGS:SDTS
Getty:TGN
parkway
USGS:SDTS
highway
USGS:SDTS
board walk
ROAD
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
roadway
railway
A permanent way having one or more rails which provides a track for cars.
ENVO
ENVO:00000065
FTT:1132
FTT:960
Geonames:R
Geonames:R.RR
RAILWAY
TGN:53155
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railway
railroad
railroad feature
USGS:SDTS
railroad
ADL:FTT
railroad feature
Getty:TGN
railroad
A permanent way having one or more rails which provides a track for cars.
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
railroad
RAILWAY
USGS:SDTS
man-made tunnel
A tunnel constructed by human means.
ENVO
ENVO:00000066
FTT:1136
FTT:1184
FTT:396
FTT:397
Geonames:R.TNL
Geonames:R.TNLRD
Geonames:R.TNLRR
Geonames:R.TNLS
TGN:51845
canal tunnel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel
railroad tunnel
road tunnel
tunnel
tunnels
underpass
Geonames:feature
tunnel
ADL:FTT
railroad tunnel
ADL:FTT
road tunnel
ADL:FTT
canal tunnel
Geonames:feature
tunnels
USGS:SDTS
underpass
A tunnel constructed by human means.
MA:ma
Geonames:feature
road tunnel
Geonames:feature
railroad tunnel
ADL:FTT
tunnel
cave
ENVO
ENVO:00000067
FTT:1071
FTT:443
FTT:445
FTT:446
FTT:447
Geonames:S.CAVE
Naturally formed, subterranean open area or chamber.
SWEETRealm:Cave
TGN:21485
TGN:21486
cavern
grotto
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave
notch
USGS:SDTS
notch
USGS:SDTS
grotto
ADL:FTT
cavern
USGS:SDTS
cavern
Naturally formed, subterranean open area or chamber.
USGS:SDTS
tunnel
An underground or underwater passage.
ENVO
ENVO:00000068
FTT:445
FTT:448
Geonames:R.TNLN
SWEETRealm:Tunnel
TGN:21447
TUNNEL
cave
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel
natural tunnel
Geonames:feature
natural tunnel
ADL:FTT
cave
An underground or underwater passage.
USGS:SDTS
TUNNEL
USGS:SDTS
Getty:TGN
natural tunnel
distributary
A stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel. They are a common feature of river deltas.
ENVO
ENVO:00000069
FTT:636
Geonames:H.STMD
distributary
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributary
stream
stream distributary
watercourse
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
A stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel. They are a common feature of river deltas.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributary
Geonames:feature
distributary
ADL:FTT
distributary
Getty:TGN
stream distributary
ADL:FTT
stream
constructed feature
A feature that has been constructed by deliberate human effort.
ENVO
ENVO:00000070
"constructed" should probably be made something like a quality and this class obsoleted or filled only by inferece
A feature that has been constructed by deliberate human effort.
MA:ma
fault cave
A cave developed along a fault or fault zone, either by movement of the fault or by preferential solution along it.
ENVO
ENVO:00000071
A cave developed along a fault or fault zone, either by movement of the fault or by preferential solution along it.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
aquaduct
ENVO
ENVO:00000072
FTT:128
Geonames:H.CNLA
SWEETRealm:Aqueduct
Structure designed to transport water from a remote source, usually by gravity.
TGN:51258
WATERCOURSE BRIDGE
aqueduct
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaduct
Getty:TGN
aqueduct
USGS:SDTS
aqueduct
USGS:SDTS
WATERCOURSE BRIDGE
ADL:FTT
Structure designed to transport water from a remote source, usually by gravity.
Geonames:feature
aqueduct
building
A permanent walled and roofed construction.
BUILDING
ENVO
ENVO:00000073
FTT:42
Geonames:S.BLDG
LTER:76
TGN:51011
building
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building
BUILDING
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
building
A permanent walled and roofed construction.
USGS:SDTS
dam
A barrier constructed across a watercourse to control the flow or raise the level of water.
DAM
Dam
ENVO
ENVO:00000074
EcoLexicon:dam
FTT:599
FTT:600
Geonames:S.DAM
SWEETRealm:Dam
TGN:51253
barrage
dam
dam site
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam
USGS:SDTS
barrage
ADL:FTT
dam site
Geonames:feature
dam
DAM
USGS:SDTS
A barrier constructed across a watercourse to control the flow or raise the level of water.
USGS:SDTS
Dam
NASA:earthrealm
bridge
A built structure erected over a depression or obstacle to carry traffic or some facility such as a pipeline.
BRIDGE
ENVO
ENVO:00000075
EcoLexicon:bridge
FTT:297
Geonames:S.BDG
TGN:51841
bridge
covered bridge
footbridge
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge
overpass
Geonames:feature
bridge
USGS:SDTS
footbridge
BRIDGE
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
covered bridge
A built structure erected over a depression or obstacle to carry traffic or some facility such as a pipeline.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
overpass
mine
An excavation in the Earth for the purpose of extracting earth materials.
ENVO
ENVO:00000076
EcoLexicon:mine
FTT:14
FTT:968
Geonames:L.MNA
Geonames:S.MN
TGN:54211
TGN:54212
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mine
An excavation in the Earth for the purpose of extracting earth materials.
USGS:SDTS
agricultural feature
AgriculturalLands
As with other classes that are "features", the subclasses of this class are being moved to more informative locations. Their relation to agriculture will be modelled by something more akin to a quality or relation to an agricultural process.
ENVO
ENVO:00000077
FTT:1246
FTT:1247
FTT:44
FTT:45
FTT:46
FTT:48
FTT:50
FTT:51
FTT:52
FTT:57
FTT:60
FTT:62
FTT:63
FTT:64
FTT:72
FTT:74
Geonames:L.AGRC
Geonames:L.RESA
Geonames:S.NSY
TGN:55001
agricultural colony
agricultural facility
agricultural land
agricultural reserve
agricultural site
bailing station
barn
cattle dipping tank
corral
dairy
feedlot
grange
grazing allotment
irrigated field
nursery
pastoral site
sheepfold
stockyard
ADL:FTT
barn
ADL:FTT
dairy
ADL:FTT
grazing allotment
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
ADL:FTT
irrigated field
ADL:FTT
stockyard
ADL:FTT
grange
ADL:FTT
corral
ADL:FTT
cattle dipping tank
ADL:FTT
pastoral site
AgriculturalLands
NASA:earthrealm
ADL:FTT
nursery
ADL:FTT
bailing station
ADL:FTT
sheepfold
Geonames:feature
agricultural reserve
Geonames:feature
agricultural colony
Getty:TGN
agricultural land
ADL:FTT
agricultural facility
Geonames:feature
nursery
ADL:FTT
feedlot
ADL:FTT
agricultural reserve
farm
A tract of crop or grazing land, as well as the group of buildings with and often surrounding a farmhouse, including barns, sheds, and other outbuildings, used for agricultural production.
ENVO
ENVO:00000078
FARM
FTT:45
FTT:58
FTT:59
FTT:69
Geonames:S.FRM
Geonames:S.FRMS
Geonames:S.RNCH
TGN:54011
agricultural site
farm
farms
farmstead
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farm
nursery
ranch
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
ADL:FTT
farmstead
A tract of crop or grazing land, as well as the group of buildings with and often surrounding a farmhouse, including barns, sheds, and other outbuildings, used for agricultural production.
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
farms
FARM
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
ranch
Geonames:feature
ranch
Geonames:feature
farm
USGS:SDTS
nursery
Getty:TGN
ranch
flume
An open artificial water channel, that leads water from a diversion dam or weir completely aside a natural flow, often an elevated box structure (typically wood) that follows the natural contours of the land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000079
EcoLexicon:flume
FTT:129
FTT:404
canal
flume (manmade)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flume
watercourse
ADL:FTT
flume (manmade)
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
ADL:FTT
canal
An open artificial water channel, that leads water from a diversion dam or weir completely aside a natural flow, often an elevated box structure (typically wood) that follows the natural contours of the land.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flume
mountain range
A series of connected and aligned mountains or mountain ridges.
ENVO
ENVO:00000080
EcoLexicon:mountain_range
FTT:548
FTT:995
FTT:997
Geonamaes:MTS
MOUNT RANGE
SWEETRealm:MountainRange
TGN:21431
TGN:21432
cordillera
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_range
mountain chain
mountain group
mountain range
mountain system
sierra
Getty:TGN
mountain system
ADL:FTT
sierra
Geonames:feature
mountain range
ADL:FTT
cordillera
A series of connected and aligned mountains or mountain ridges.
USGS:SDTS
MOUNT RANGE
USGS:SDTS
mountain
A landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill, but there is no universally accepted standard definition for the height of a mountain or a hill although a mountain usually has an identifiable summit and a local relief of more than 300m.
ENVO
ENVO:00000081
EcoLexicon:mountain
FTT:1000
FTT:118
FTT:460
FTT:548
FTT:713
FTT:896
FTT:993
Geonames:T.MT
Geonames:T.MTS
Mountain
SWEETRealm:Mountain
TGN:21430
TGN:21434
cerro
cordillera
foothill
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain
knoll
mound
mount
mountain
mountains
USGS:SDTS
foothill
Geonames:feature
mountains
ADL:FTT
knoll
USGS:SDTS
mount
USGS:SDTS
mound
A landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill, but there is no universally accepted standard definition for the height of a mountain or a hill although a mountain usually has an identifiable summit and a local relief of more than 300m.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain#United_Kingdom
ADL:FTT
cordillera
ADL:FTT
foothill
Geonames:feature
mountain
USGS:SDTS
knoll
ADL:FTT
cerro
Mountain
NASA:earthrealm
hill range
A group of hills bordered by lowlands.
ENVO
ENVO:00000082
A group of hills bordered by lowlands.
MA:ma
hill
A rounded elevation of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m.
ENVO
ENVO:00000083
EcoLexicon:hill
FTT:118
FTT:468
FTT:713
FTT:799
FTT:896
Geonames:T.HLL
Geonames:T.HLLS
SWEETRealm:Hill
TGN:21437
TGN:21438
cerro
foothill
hill
hillock
hills
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill
knoll
mount
mountain
USGS:SDTS
knoll
USGS:SDTS
mount
ADL:FTT
foothill
Geonames:feature
hills
ADL:FTT
mountain
A rounded elevation of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m.
Geonames:feature
USGS:SDTS
foothill
USGS:SDTS
hillock
Geonames:feature
hill
mountain pass
A lower point that allows easier access through a mountain range. A pass has the general form of a saddle between two mountains.
ENVO
ENVO:00000084
EcoLexicon:mountain_pass
FTT:510
FTT:612
FTT:738
FTT:739
FTT:740
Geonames:T.GAP
Geonames:T.PASS
Geonames:T.SDL
SWEETRealm:Pass
TGN:21433
TGN:21436
TGN:21524
col
defile
gap
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_pass
notch
pass
pass
saddle
saddle (physiographic)
sill (physiographic)
ADL:FTT
sill (physiographic)
USGS:SDTS
saddle
USGS:SDTS
col
ADL:FTT
saddle (physiographic)
USGS:SDTS
defile
Geonames:feature
saddle
ADL:FTT
col
USGS:SDTS
notch
A lower point that allows easier access through a mountain range. A pass has the general form of a saddle between two mountains.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_pass
Geonames:feature
pass
Getty:TGN
saddle
ADL:FTT
pass
ADL:FTT
defile
Getty:TGN
gap
USGS:SDTS
gap
alpine glacier
A glacier found in mountain terrain.
ENVO
ENVO:00000085
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_glacier
A glacier found in mountain terrain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacier#Types
plain
A region of general uniform slope, comparatively level, and of considerable extent.
ENVO
ENVO:00000086
EcoLexicon:plain
FTT:707
FTT:874
FTT:926
Geonames:T.PLN
PLAIN
Plain
SWEETRealm:Plain
TGN:21461
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain
interfluve
llanos
outwash plain
plain
Geonames:feature
plain
ADL:FTT
interfluve
A region of general uniform slope, comparatively level, and of considerable extent.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
outwash plain
PLAIN
USGS:SDTS
NASA:earthrealm
Plain
ADL:FTT
llanos
cliff
A high, steep, or overhanging face of rock.
CLIFF
ENVO
ENVO:00000087
EcoLexicon:cliff
FTT:268
FTT:269
FTT:491
FTT:492
Geonames:T.CLF
SWEETRealm:Cliff
TGN:21487
TGN:21488
beach scarp
bluff
ceja
cliff
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliff
ice cliff
palisade
precipice
scar
scarp
scaw
scraps
A high, steep, or overhanging face of rock.
USGS:SDTS
CLIFF
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
palisade
USGS:SDTS
bluff
USGS:SDTS
scaw
ADL:FTT
bluff
USGS:SDTS
beach scarp
USGS:SDTS
ice cliff
Geonames:feature
cliff
ADL:FTT
scraps
USGS:SDTS
precipice
USGS:SDTS
scarp
USGS:SDTS
scar
USGS:SDTS
ceja
sea cliff
A cliff that is a margin of a sea or ocean.
ENVO
ENVO:00000088
coastal cliff
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_cliff
marine cliff
USGS:SDTS
marine cliff
A cliff that is a margin of a sea or ocean.
MA:ma
inland cliff
ENVO
ENVO:00000089
EcoLexicon:crag
FTT:589
crag
USGS:SDTS
crag
ADL:FTT
crag
coastal plain
An area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a coast and separated from the interior by other features.
ENVO
ENVO:00000090
EcoLexicon:coastal_plain
EcoLexicon:coastal_zone
FTT:240
FTT:499
FTT:500
FTT:501
FTT:502
FTT:503
FTT:504
SWEETRealm:CoastalPlain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_plain
An area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a coast and separated from the interior by other features.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_plain
beach
A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a body of water.
Beach
ENVO
ENVO:00000091
EcoLexicon:beach
EcoLexicon:to_beach
FTT:237
FTT:239
Geonames:T.BCH
Geonames:T.BCHS
SWEETRealm:Beach
TGN:21482
beach
beach berm
beaches
foreshore flats
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach
lagoon beach
rivage
strand
A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a body of water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach
USGS:SDTS
beach berm
USGS:SDTS
lagoon beach
Geonames:feature
beach
USGS:SDTS
strand
USGS:SDTS
rivage
USGS:SDTS
foreshore flats
Beach
NASA:earthrealm
Geonames:feature
beaches
ADL:FTT
strand
sea beach
A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a sea.
ENVO
ENVO:00000092
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strand
strand
A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a sea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach
lacustrine beach
A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a lake.
ENVO
ENVO:00000093
A landform consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobble, or even shell fragments along the shoreline of a lake.
MA:ma
volcanic feature
A feature associated with a volcano, an opening, or rupture, in the Earth's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash and gases to escape from deep below the surface.
ENVO
ENVO:00000094
FTT:591
TGN:21407
volcanic landform
Getty:TGN
volcanic landform
A feature associated with a volcano, an opening, or rupture, in the Earth's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash and gases to escape from deep below the surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano
obsolete lava field
A feature formed by cooled lava, the molten rock that is expelled by a volcano during an eruption.
ENVO
ENVO:00000095
ENVO:01000437
EcoLexicon:lava_flow
FTT:916
FTT:917
Geonames:T.LAVA
TGN:21612
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_field
lava area
lava flow
lava plain
true
Getty:TGN
lava flow
ADL:FTT
lava area
A feature formed by cooled lava, the molten rock that is expelled by a volcano during an eruption.
MA:ma
Geonames:feature
lava area
caldera
A feature formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption.
ENVO
ENVO:00000096
FTT:384
Geonames:T.CLDA
TGN:21409
caldera
crater
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldera
Geonames:feature
caldera
USGS:SDTS
crater
A feature formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldera
desert
A region rendered barren or partially barren by environmental extremes, especially by low rainfall.
DESERT
ENVO
ENVO:00000097
EcoLexicon:desert
FTT:1
FTT:188
Geonames:T.DSRT
LTER:147
SWEETRealm:Desert
TGN:21201
arid region
desert
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert
Geonames:feature
desert
A region rendered barren or partially barren by environmental extremes, especially by low rainfall.
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
arid region
DESERT
USGS:SDTS
island
Area of dry or relatively dry land surrounded by water or low wetland.
ENVO
ENVO:00000098
EcoLexicon:island
FTT:147
FTT:450
FTT:886
FTT:887
FTT:888
FTT:889
Geonames:T.ISL
Geonames:T.ISLS
SWEETRealm:Island
TGN:21468
TGN:21469
TGN:21471
TGN:21475
cay
eyot
holm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island
hummock
isle
islet
key
USGS:SDTS
islet
ADL:FTT
islet
USGS:SDTS
key
USGS:SDTS
cay
Getty:TGN
islet
Area of dry or relatively dry land surrounded by water or low wetland.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
hummock
ADL:FTT
isle
artificial island
An island constructed by human effort.
ENVO
ENVO:00000099
FTT:1023
FTT:171
Geonames:T.ISLF
artificial island
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_island
offshore platform
Geonames:feature
artificial island
ADL:FTT
offshore platform
An island constructed by human effort.
MA:ma
valley
A depression caused by erosion by water or ice. Low-lying land bordered by higher ground; especially elongate, relatively large gently sloping depressions of the Earth's surface, commonly situated between two mountains or between ranges of hills or mountains, and often containing a stream with an outlet.
ENVO
ENVO:00000100
EcoLexicon:valley
FTT:158
FTT:166
FTT:418
FTT:761
FTT:811
FTT:949
Geonames:T.GRGE
Geonames:T.VAL
Geonames:T.VALS
SWEETRealm:Valley
TGN:21425
TGN:21451
TGN:21452
TGN:21453
VALLEY
chasm
coulee
dale
glacial gorge
glacial trough
glen
goe
gorge
graben
gulch
gully
hollow
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley
lavaka
median valley
moat
ravine
re-entrant
seachannel
shelf valley
strath
trench
vale
valley
valleys
water gap
USGS:SDTS
VALLEY
USGS:SDTS
hollow
USGS:SDTS
water gap
ADL:FTT
hollow
Geonames:feature
shelf valley
USGS:SDTS
moat
USGS:SDTS
strath
Getty:TGN
hollow
USGS:SDTS
seachannel
Geonames:feature
valleys
USGS:SDTS
re-entrant
USGS:SDTS
glacial gorge
USGS:SDTS
coulee
USGS:SDTS
gulch
USGS:SDTS
chasm
Geonames:feature
valley
A depression caused by erosion by water or ice. Low-lying land bordered by higher ground; especially elongate, relatively large gently sloping depressions of the Earth's surface, commonly situated between two mountains or between ranges of hills or mountains, and often containing a stream with an outlet.
ADL:FTT
ADL:FTT
glen
USGS:SDTS
gully
USGS:SDTS
glacial trough
USGS:SDTS
glen
USGS:SDTS
ravine
Getty:TGN
gully
USGS:SDTS
goe
Geonames:feature
median valley
USGS:SDTS
dale
USGS:SDTS
trench
USGS:SDTS
graben
Geonames:feature
gorge
USGS:SDTS
gorge
ADL:FTT
median valley
delta
A tract of alluvium formed at the mouth of a river where the deposition ofsome of its load exceeds its rate of removal, crossed by the divergent channels (distributaries) of the river.
DELTA
Delta
ENVO
ENVO:00000101
EcoLexicon:delta
FTT:97
Geonames:T.DLTA
SWEETRealm:Delta
TGN:21164
TGN:21422
alluvial fan
bay delta
canyon delta
delta
fan
fan delta
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta
outwash
outwash plain
pass (delta)
Delta
NASA:earthrealm
USGS:SDTS
fan delta
Geonames:feature
delta
USGS:SDTS
bay delta
USGS:SDTS
outwash
USGS:SDTS
fan
DELTA
USGS:SDTS
A tract of alluvium formed at the mouth of a river where the deposition ofsome of its load exceeds its rate of removal, crossed by the divergent channels (distributaries) of the river.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
canyon delta
Getty:TGN
pass (delta)
USGS:SDTS
alluvial fan
USGS:SDTS
outwash plain
cave entrance
Cueva de Altamira
ENVO
ENVO:00000102
FTT:444
mangrove island
An island formed of trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics.
ENVO
ENVO:00000103
FTT:147
FTT:891
Geonames:T.ISLM
island
mangrove island
ADL:FTT
island
Geonames:feature
mangrove island
An island formed of trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove
undersea feature
ENVO
ENVO:00000104
EcoLexicon:fan
EcoLexicon:platform
EcoLexicon:ravine
FTT:1020
FTT:1137
FTT:1176
FTT:1193
FTT:1194
FTT:1195
FTT:1196
FTT:5
FTT:810
FTT:984
Geonames:FRKU
Geonames:FRSU
Geonames:MDVU
Geonames:PLFU
Geonames:RAVU
Geonames:RMPU
Geonames:U.BSNU
Geonames:U.EDGU
Geonames:U.ESCU
Geonames:U.FANU
Geonames:U.FLTU
Geonames:U.FURU
Geonames:U.GAPU
Geonames:U.GLYU
Geonames:U.HOLU
Geonames:U.LDGU
Geonames:U.LEVU
Geonames:U.PLNU
Geonames:U.PLTU
Geonames:U.PNLU
Geonames:U.PRVU
Geonames:U.RDGU
Geonames:U.RDSU
Geonames:U.RISU
Geonames:U.SDLU
Geonames:U.SHVU
Geonames:U.SILU
Geonames:U.SPRU
Geonames:U.TERU
Geonames:U.VALU
Geonames:U.VLSU
TGN:23001
TGN:23116
TGN:23117
TGN:23118
TGN:23135
TGN:23162
TGN:23181
TGN:23182
TGN:23183
TGN:23184
TGN:23188
TGN:23192
TGN:23193
TGN:23194
TGN:23195
TGN:23196
TGN:23211
TGN:23212
TGN:23301
TGN:23411
TGN:23412
TGN:23413
TGN:23415
TGN:23421
TGN:23423
TGN:23424
TGN:23431
TGN:23453
TGN:23461
TGN:23463
TGN:23467
TGN:23550
basin
escarpment
fan
flat
fork
forks
furrow
gap
gully
hole
hole (seafloor)
ledge
levee
median valley
moat (seafloor)
ocean floor feature
pinnacle
plain
plateau
platform
province
ramp
ramp (seafloor)
ravine
ridge
ridges
rise
rise (seafloor)
saddle
seafloor feature
shelf edge
sill
spur
subsea feature
terrace
tongue (seafloor)
undersea bank
undersea basin
undersea bench
undersea cliff
undersea fan
undersea fork
undersea fracture zone
undersea furrow
undersea gap
undersea hole
undersea ledge
undersea levee
undersea median valley
undersea moat
undersea peak
undersea pinnacle
undersea plain
undersea platform
undersea ramp
undersea rise
undersea saddle
undersea shelf
undersea shelf edge
undersea shelf valley
undersea sill
undersea slope
undersea spur
undersea terrace
undersea tongue
undersea valley
underwater feature
valley
valleys
Geonames:feature
flat
Geonames:feature
platform
Getty:TGN
undersea ramp
ADL:FTT
underwater feature
Geonames:feature
ravine
Getty:TGN
undersea hole
ADL:FTT
hole (seafloor)
Getty:TGN
undersea furrow
Geonames:feature
gully
Geonames:feature
hole
Getty:TGN
undersea cliff
Geonames:feature
basin
Geonames:feature
escarpment
Geonames:feature
province
Getty:TGN
undersea basin
Getty:TGN
undersea platform
Getty:TGN
undersea moat
Getty:TGN
undersea tongue
Geonames:feature
fan
ADL:FTT
moat (seafloor)
Geonames:feature
ramp
Geonames:feature
ridges
Getty:TGN
undersea levee
Getty:TGN
undersea spur
Getty:TGN
undersea median valley
Getty:TGN
undersea valley
ADL:FTT
rise (seafloor)
Geonames:feature
plain
Getty:TGN
undersea terrace
Geonames:feature
gap
Geonames:feature
valleys
ADL:FTT
ocean floor feature
Geonames:feature
furrow
ADL:FTT
ramp (seafloor)
ADL:FTT
subsea feature
Getty:TGN
undersea rise
Geonames:feature
valley
ADL:FTT
seafloor feature
Getty:TGN
undersea shelf
Geonames:feature
ridge
Geonames:feature
shelf edge
Getty:TGN
undersea peak
Geonames:feature
median valley
Geonames:feature
rise
Geonames:feature
plateau
Getty:TGN
undersea shelf edge
Getty:TGN
undersea pinnacle
Getty:TGN
undersea saddle
Getty:TGN
undersea fracture zone
ADL:FTT
tongue (seafloor)
Getty:TGN
undersea sill
Geonames:feature
fork
Geonames:feature
terrace
Getty:TGN
undersea slope
Getty:TGN
undersea shelf valley
Geonames:feature
pinnacle
Getty:TGN
undersea gap
Getty:TGN
undersea fan
Geonames:feature
sill
Getty:TGN
undersea plain
Getty:TGN
undersea bench
Getty:TGN
undersea fork
Geonames:feature
saddle
Getty:TGN
undersea ledge
Geonames:feature
forks
Geonames:feature
spur
Geonames:feature
ledge
Geonames:feature
levee
Getty:TGN
undersea bank
lake surface
ENVO
ENVO:00000105
grassland
An area in which grasses (Graminae) are a significant component of the vegetation.
ENVO
ENVO:00000106
EcoLexicon:grassland
FTT:259
FTT:760
FTT:766
GRASSLAND
Geonames:V.GRSLD
Grassland
LTER:232
TGN:21604
TGN:54052
down
downland
downs
glade
grassland
grazing area
herbaceous area
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grassland
range
USGS:SDTS
glade
USGS:SDTS
downs
USGS:SDTS
range
USGS:SDTS
downland
USGS:SDTS
down
GRASSLAND
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
grazing area
Grassland
NASA:earthrealm
USGS:SDTS
herbaceous area
ADL:FTT
glade
Getty:TGN
grazing area
Geonames:feature
grassland
An area in which grasses (Graminae) are a significant component of the vegetation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grassland
heath
An upland moor or sandy area dominated by low shrubby vegetation including heather.
ENVO
ENVO:00000107
FTT:1191
FTT:792
Geonames:V.HTH
SPIRE:Heath
TGN:21609
heath
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heath
shrubland
wetland
woodland
USGS:SDTS
woodland
USGS:SDTS
wetland
ADL:FTT
shrubland
An upland moor or sandy area dominated by low shrubby vegetation including heather.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
heath
meadow
A habitat of rolling or flat terrain where grasses predominate. Typically, what is called a meadow has more biodiversity than a grassland as the former contains not only grasses but a significant variety of annual, biennial and perennial plants.
ENVO
ENVO:00000108
FTT:259
FTT:767
Geonames:V.MDW
LTER:330
TGN:21613
grassland
hay meadow
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meadow
meadow
Geonames:feature
meadow
USGS:SDTS
hay meadow
A habitat of rolling or flat terrain where grasses predominate. Typically, what is called a meadow has more biodiversity than a grassland as the former contains not only grasses but a significant variety of annual, biennial and perennial plants.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meadow
USGS:SDTS
grassland
ADL:FTT
grassland
woodland
ENVO
ENVO:00000109
EcoLexicon:coniferous_forest
EcoLexicon:shrub
EcoLexicon:taiga
FTT:1083
FTT:505
FTT:506
FTT:719
FTT:774
Geonames:V.GRVPN
LTER:503
Land having a cover of trees, shrubs, or both.
SWEETRealm:Break
SWEETRealm:Scrub
TGN:21631
TGN:21632
TGN:21641
WOODLAND
bamboo
break
brigalow
brush
bush
caatinga
chanaral
coniferous forest
copse
deciduous forest
equatorial forest
equatorial rain forest
garique
grove
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodland
jungle
mallee scrub
monsoon forest
moor
mott
motte
mulga
mulga scrub
pine grove
rain forest
reforested area
sagebrush
scrub
shrub
silva
stand
taiga
thicket
thorn forest
tropical rain forest
wood
wooded area
USGS:SDTS
motte
USGS:SDTS
jungle
USGS:SDTS
WOODLAND
USGS:SDTS
copse
USGS:SDTS
stand
USGS:SDTS
brigalow
USGS:SDTS
moor
USGS:SDTS
thicket
USGS:SDTS
mallee scrub
USGS:SDTS
shrub
Land having a cover of trees, shrubs, or both.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
mulga scrub
USGS:SDTS
sagebrush
USGS:SDTS
caatinga
ADL:FTT
wood
USGS:SDTS
scrub
USGS:SDTS
equatorial forest
USGS:SDTS
reforested area
USGS:SDTS
grove
USGS:SDTS
taiga
Getty:TGN
jungle
USGS:SDTS
bamboo
USGS:SDTS
tropical rain forest
USGS:SDTS
garique
Getty:TGN
wood
USGS:SDTS
equatorial rain forest
USGS:SDTS
thorn forest
USGS:SDTS
wood
USGS:SDTS
chanaral
Getty:TGN
rain forest
USGS:SDTS
bush
USGS:SDTS
mulga
Geonames:feature
pine grove
USGS:SDTS
wooded area
USGS:SDTS
coniferous forest
USGS:SDTS
monsoon forest
USGS:SDTS
silva
USGS:SDTS
brush
USGS:SDTS
break
ADL:FTT
rain forest
ADL:FTT
grove
USGS:SDTS
deciduous forest
lava tunnel
A tunnel formed by the flow of molten lava, which has subsequently drained out.
ENVO
ENVO:00000110
These are usually classified as a sub-type of volcanic cave, rather than a tunnel.
lava tube
A tunnel formed by the flow of molten lava, which has subsequently drained out.
MA:ma
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_tube
forest
An area with a high density of trees. A small forest may be called a wood.
ENVO
ENVO:00000111
EcoLexicon:forest
FTT:258
FTT:506
FTT:715
FTT:717
Geonames:V.FRST
LTER:2
SWEETRealm:Forest
TGN:21641
TGN:21642
TGN:21645
copse
forest
forest reserve
grove
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest
national forest
wood
woodland
The definitions of forest can vary greatly, and different classes will be needed to support the major categories. Tree cover alone is not enough to distinguish between forests and plantations. The international definition proposed by the 2010 FAO Forestry Resource Assessment: "land spanning more than 0.5 ha with trees higher than 5 metres and canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ . It does not include land that is predominantly under agricultural or urban land use." - FAO. 2010. Global forest resources assessment 2010, Main report, FAO Forestry Paper 163. Rome.
USGS:SDTS
woodland
ADL:FTT
forest reserve
Getty:TGN
wood
ADL:FTT
national forest
Getty:TGN
grove
Geonames:feature
forest
An area with a high density of trees. A small forest may be called a wood.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest
tundra
Arctic land
ENVO
ENVO:00000112
EcoLexicon:tundra
FTT:151
FTT:152
Geonames:V.TUND
LTER:605
SWEETRealm:Tundra
TGN:21611
TUNDRA
Treeless, level, or gently rolling plains characteristic of arctic or subarctic regions, having a permanently frozen subsoil, and usually supporting low growing vegetation such as lichens, mosses, and stunted shrubs.
TundraEcosystem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tundra
tundra
tundra
ADL:FTT
Treeless, level, or gently rolling plains characteristic of arctic or subarctic regions, having a permanently frozen subsoil, and usually supporting low growing vegetation such as lichens, mosses, and stunted shrubs.
NASA:earthrealm
TundraEcosystem
TUNDRA
USGS:SDTS
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/8704
tundra
Geonames:feature
tundra
ADL:FTT
Arctic land
cultivated habitat
A geographical feature modified by humans by the preparation of the land, usually for the purposes of growing crops.
CROPLAND
ENVO
ENVO:00000113
EcoLexicon:agriculture
FTT:1248
FTT:54
FTT:55
FTT:56
Geonames:V.CULT
SPIRE:Agricultural
SWEETRealm:Range
agricultural region
cropland
cultivated area
cultivated cropland
market garden
range
truck farm
truck garden
true
USGS:SDTS
market garden
ADL:FTT
cropland
ADL:FTT
cultivated area
ADL:FTT
range
ADL:FTT
cultivated cropland
Geonames:feature
cultivated area
CROPLAND
USGS:SDTS
A geographical feature modified by humans by the preparation of the land, usually for the purposes of growing crops.
MA:ma
USGS:SDTS
truck garden
USGS:SDTS
truck farm
USGS:SDTS
cultivated area
agricultural field
An area of land, usually relatively small, enclosed or otherwise and used for agricultural purposes.
ENVO
ENVO:00000114
EcoLexicon:field
FTT:45
FTT:61
Geonames:L.FLD
SWEETRealm:Field
TGN:21456
agricultural site
cropland
field
grassland
USGS:SDTS
cropland
An area of land, usually relatively small, enclosed or otherwise and used for agricultural purposes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_%28agriculture%29
USGS:SDTS
grassland
Geonames:feature
field
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
orchard
An intentional planting of trees or shrubs maintained for food, typically fruit, production.
ENVO
ENVO:00000115
EcoLexicon:orchard
FTT:45
FTT:66
Geonames:V.OCH
TGN:54014
agricultural site
cropland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchard
orchard
An intentional planting of trees or shrubs maintained for food, typically fruit, production.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchard
Geonames:feature
orchard
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
USGS:SDTS
cropland
vineyard
A place where grapes are grown for making wine, raisins or table grapes.
ENVO
ENVO:00000116
FTT:45
FTT:77
Geonames:V.VIN
Geonames:V.VINS
TGN:54015
agricultural site
cropland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vineyard
vineyard
vineyards
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
Geonames:feature
vineyards
USGS:SDTS
cropland
A place where grapes are grown for making wine, raisins or table grapes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vineyard
Geonames:feature
vineyard
plantation
An intentional planting of a crop, on a large scale, usually for uses other than cereal production or pasture. The term is currently most often used for plantings of trees and shrubs. The term tends also to be used for plantings maintained on economic bases other than that of subsistence farming.
ENVO
ENVO:00000117
FTT:45
FTT:68
TGN:54041
agricultural site
cropland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantation
plantation field
An intentional planting of a crop, on a large scale, usually for uses other than cereal production or pasture. The term is currently most often used for plantings of trees and shrubs. The term tends also to be used for plantings maintained on economic bases other than that of subsistence farming.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantation
USGS:SDTS
plantation field
USGS:SDTS
cropland
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
coconut plantation
ENVO
ENVO:00000118
FTT:505
FTT:506
Geonames:V.GRVC
coconut grove
wood
ADL:FTT
coconut grove
ADL:FTT
wood
Geonames:feature
coconut grove
planted forest
A forest that has been intentionally established by human intervention.
ENVO
ENVO:00000119
A forest that has been intentionally established by human intervention.
MA:ma
oil palm plantation
ENVO
ENVO:00000120
FTT:45
FTT:65
Geonames:S.ESTO
Geonames:V.GRVP
agricultural site
oil palm plantation
palm grove
Geonames:feature
oil palm plantation
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
Geonames:feature
palm grove
artificial channel
ENVO
ENVO:00000121
EcoLexicon:artificial_channel
flume
improved channel
USGS:SDTS
improved channel
track
A small road, generally not paved.
ENVO
ENVO:00000122
EcoLexicon:path
EcoLexicon:trail
FTT:1057
Geonames:R.TRL
SWEETRealm:Path
TGN:53158
footpath
path
trail
USGS:SDTS
footpath
Getty:TGN
trail
Geonames:feature
trail
USGS:SDTS
path
USGS:SDTS
trail
ADL:FTT
trail
A small road, generally not paved.
MA:ma
political entity
A geographical region whose affairs and population are administered by an authority.
ENVO
ENVO:00000123
FTT:1093
Geonames:A.PCL
TGN:80002
political entity
Geonames:feature
political entity
A geographical region whose affairs and population are administered by an authority.
MA:ma
supranational geopolitical entity
A political entitity established by more than one state and with at least some influence over the affairs of its member states.
ENVO
ENVO:00000124
A political entitity established by more than one state and with at least some influence over the affairs of its member states.
MA:ma
mineral spring
A spring whose water contains a significant amount of dissolved minerals, that derive from the rocks through which the water flows.
ENVO
ENVO:00000125
FTT:981
FTT:982
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_spring
spring
spring (hydrographic)
ADL:FTT
spring (hydrographic)
A spring whose water contains a significant amount of dissolved minerals, that derive from the rocks through which the water flows.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_spring
USGS:SDTS
spring
sulfur spring
A spring whose water contains a significant amount of dissolved derivatives of sulfur.
ENVO
ENVO:00000126
FTT:1215
FTT:982
Geonames:H.SPNS
spring (hydrographic)
sulphur spring
A spring whose water contains a significant amount of dissolved derivatives of sulfur.
MA:ma
Geonames:feature
sulphur spring
ADL:FTT
spring (hydrographic)
badland
An arid terrain with clay-rich soil that has been extensively eroded by wind and water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000127
FTT:186
FTT:187
Geonames:T.BDLD
TGN:21205
badlands
barren land
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badlands
Geonames:feature
badlands
An arid terrain with clay-rich soil that has been extensively eroded by wind and water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badland
ADL:FTT
barren land
dry valley
A valley that no longer has a surface flow of water. Typically found in either Karst (limestone) or chalk terrain.
ENVO
ENVO:00000128
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_valley
A valley that no longer has a surface flow of water. Typically found in either Karst (limestone) or chalk terrain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_valley
stream valley
A valley that contains, and has been formed by, a stream.
ENVO
ENVO:00000129
EcoLexicon:gully
EcoLexicon:ravine
FTT:159
FTT:420
Geonames:H.RVN
TGN:21427
gullie
ravine
USGS:SDTS
ravine
A valley that contains, and has been formed by, a stream.
MA:ma
Geonames:feature
ravine
reef
A ridge of rocks, lying near the surface of the sea, which may be visible at low tide, but is usually covered by water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000130
EcoLexicon:reef
FTT:202
FTT:203
FTT:729
Geonames:H.RF
Geonames:U.RFSU
Geonames:U.RFU
REEF
SPIRE:Reef
TGN:21479
atoll reef
bank reef
barrier reef
fringing reef
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reef
ledge
reef
reef flat
reefs
shore reef
submerged reef
REEF
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
fringing reef
USGS:SDTS
barrier reef
Geonames:feature
reef
USGS:SDTS
reef flat
ADL:FTT
barrier reef
USGS:SDTS
ledge
USGS:SDTS
atoll reef
USGS:SDTS
submerged reef
A ridge of rocks, lying near the surface of the sea, which may be visible at low tide, but is usually covered by water.
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
reefs
USGS:SDTS
bank reef
USGS:SDTS
fringing reef
USGS:SDTS
shore reef
glacial feature
A hydrographic feature characterized by the dominance of snow or ice.
ENVO
ENVO:00000131
EcoLexicon:ice
FTT:648
Ice
LandIce
Likely to be depopulated and "glacial" made into a quality or similar.
SWEETRealm:LandIce
TGN:21410
glacer
glacial landform
glacier feature
LandIce
NASA:earthrealm
ADL:FTT
glacer
Getty:TGN
glacial landform
A hydrographic feature characterized by the dominance of snow or ice.
MA:ma
Ice
NASA:earthrealm
ADL:FTT
glacier feature
ice sheet
A mass of glacier ice that covers surrounding terrain and is greater than 50,000 km2.
Arctic pack
ENVO
ENVO:00000132
ENVO:00000379
FTT:758
FTT:835
FTT:837
ICE FIELD
SWEETRealm:IceSheet
TGN:21147
bay ice
continental glacier
continental ice
glacial tongue
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_sheet
ice field
ice mass
island ice
pack ice
polar ice
polar ice pack
rock glacier
shelf ice
USGS:SDTS
glacial tongue
ICE FIELD
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
continental ice
USGS:SDTS
pack ice
USGS:SDTS
polar ice pack
Arctic pack
USGS:SDTS
A mass of glacier ice that covers surrounding terrain and is greater than 50,000 km2.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_sheet
USGS:SDTS
shelf ice
USGS:SDTS
rock glacier
USGS:SDTS
bay ice
ADL:FTT
ice field
USGS:SDTS
polar ice
ADL:FTT
ice mass
USGS:SDTS
continental glacier
USGS:SDTS
island ice
glacier
A large, slow moving river of ice, formed from compacted layers of snow, that slowly deforms and flows in response to gravity.
ENVO
ENVO:00000133
EcoLexicon:glacier
FTT:648
FTT:756
Geonames:H.GLCR
Glacier
RockGlacier
SWEETRealm:Glacier
TGN:21141
glacial feature
glacier
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacier
ice field
rock glacier
A large, slow moving river of ice, formed from compacted layers of snow, that slowly deforms and flows in response to gravity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacier
Glacier
NASA:earthrealm
ADL:FTT
glacial feature
USGS:SDTS
ice field
NASA:earthrealm
RockGlacier
Geonames:feature
glacier
USGS:SDTS
rock glacier
permafrost
ENVO
ENVO:00000134
EcoLexicon:permafrost
LTER:408
Permafrost
Soil at or below the freezing point of water (0C or 32F) for two or more years. Ice is not always present, as may be in the case of nonporous bedrock, but it frequently occurs and it may be in amounts exceeding the potential hydraulic saturation of the ground material.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permafrost
NASA:earthrealm
Permafrost
Soil at or below the freezing point of water (0C or 32F) for two or more years. Ice is not always present, as may be in the case of nonporous bedrock, but it frequently occurs and it may be in amounts exceeding the potential hydraulic saturation of the ground material.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permafrost
buffer zone
A geographical region that serves the purpose of keeping two or more other areas (often, but not necessarily, countries) distant from one another, for whatever reason.
ENVO
ENVO:00000135
FTT:17
Geonames:A.ZNB
administrative area
buffer zone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_zone
A geographical region that serves the purpose of keeping two or more other areas (often, but not necessarily, countries) distant from one another, for whatever reason.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_zone
Geonames:feature
buffer zone
ADL:FTT
administrative area
demilitiarized zone
A geographical area, usually the frontier or boundary between two or more military powers (or alliances), where military activity is not permitted, usually by peace treaty, armistice or other bilateral or multilateral agreement.
DEMILITIARIZED ZONE
DMZ
ENVO
ENVO:00000136
FTT:1253
FTT:20
adminstrative area
boundary
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMZ
neutral zone
ADL:FTT
neutral zone
USGS:SDTS
boundary
USGS:SDTS
neutral zone
A geographical area, usually the frontier or boundary between two or more military powers (or alliances), where military activity is not permitted, usually by peace treaty, armistice or other bilateral or multilateral agreement.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demilitarized_zone
DEMILITIARIZED ZONE
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
adminstrative area
coastal inlet
An opening of the sea into the land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000137
FTT:463
TGN:21128
coastal inlet
An opening of the sea into the land.
USGS:SDTS
cove
A circular or round inlet with a narrow entrance.
ENVO
ENVO:00000138
EcoLexicon:cove
FTT:190
FTT:229
Geonames:H.COVE
SWEETRealm:Cove
TGN:21120
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cove
A circular or round inlet with a narrow entrance.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cove
irrigation ditch
A ditch that supplies water to surrounding land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000139
FTT:129
FTT:406
Geonames:H.DTCHI
canal
irrigation ditch
Geonames:feature
irrigation ditch
ADL:FTT
irrigation ditch
ADL:FTT
canal
A ditch that supplies water to surrounding land.
MA:ma
drainage ditch
A ditch that collects water from the surrounding land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000140
EcoLexicon:drainage_ditch
FTT:129
FTT:402
Geonames:H.DTCHD
canal
drainage ditch
rhyne
Geonames:feature
drainage ditch
ADL:FTT
drainage ditch
ADL:FTT
canal
A ditch that collects water from the surrounding land.
MA:ma
bank
ENVO
ENVO:00000141
EcoLexicon:bank
FTT:195
SWEETRealm:Bank
TGN:21466
The sloping margin of a watercourse, serving to confine it to its natural channel.
mount
shore
MA:ma
The sloping margin of a watercourse, serving to confine it to its natural channel.
USGS:SDTS
shore
USGS:SDTS
mount
stream bank
ENVO
ENVO:00000142
FTT:195
FTT:196
Geonames:H.BNKR
The sloping margin of a stream, serving to confine it to its natural channel.
bank (hydrographic)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream_bank
stream bank
ADL:FTT
bank (hydrographic)
MA:ma
The sloping margin of a stream, serving to confine it to its natural channel.
Geonames:feature
stream bank
river bank
ENVO
ENVO:00000143
TGN:21155
The sloping margin of a river, serving to confine it to its natural channel.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_bank
riverbank
Getty:TGN
riverbank
MA:ma
The sloping margin of a river, serving to confine it to its natural channel.
aquatic habitat
A habitat that is in or on water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000144
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_habitat
true
A habitat that is in or on water.
NM:nm
ice cap
A dome-shaped ice mass that covers less than 50,000 km2 of land area (usually covering a highland area).
ENVO
ENVO:00000145
FTT:841
Geonames:H.CAPG
SPIRE:Ice_cap
SWEETRealm:IceCap
TGN:21140
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_cap
ice field
icecap
USGS:SDTS
ice field
A dome-shaped ice mass that covers less than 50,000 km2 of land area (usually covering a highland area).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_cap
Geonames:feature
icecap
Getty:TGN
icecap
snow field
A region of permanent snow in mountainous areas or high latitudes.
ENVO
ENVO:00000146
FTT:1208
Geonames:L.SNOW
SNOWFIELD
SnowField
TGN:21146
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_field
snowfield
snowfield
NASA:earthrealm
SnowField
Geonames:feature
snowfield
A region of permanent snow in mountainous areas or high latitudes.
USGS:SDTS
Getty:TGN
snowfield
SNOWFIELD
USGS:SDTS
ocean current
Definition modified from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_current.
ENVO
ENVO:00000147
EcoLexicon:ocean_current
FTT:597
FTT:598
Geonames:H.CRNT
LTER:386
SWEETRealm:OceanCurrent
TGN:21169
The region occupied by any more or less continuous, directed movement of ocean water that flows in one of the Earth's oceans. Ocean Currents are rivers of hot or cold water within the ocean. The currents are generated from the forces acting upon the water like the earth's rotation, the wind, the temperature and salinity differences and the gravitation of the moon. The depth contours, the shoreline and other movements influence the direction and strength of the movements of water that forms a given current.
current
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_current
ocean current
BS:bs
The region occupied by any more or less continuous, directed movement of ocean water that flows in one of the Earth's oceans. Ocean Currents are rivers of hot or cold water within the ocean. The currents are generated from the forces acting upon the water like the earth's rotation, the wind, the temperature and salinity differences and the gravitation of the moon. The depth contours, the shoreline and other movements influence the direction and strength of the movements of water that forms a given current.
ADL:FTT
current
Geonames:feature
current
Getty:TGN
current
ADL:FTT
ocean current
riffle
A shallow stretch of a river or stream, where the current is above the average stream velocity and where the water forms small rippled waves as a result. It often consists of a rocky bed of gravels or other small stones.
ENVO
ENVO:00000148
EcoLexicon:riffle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riffle
A shallow stretch of a river or stream, where the current is above the average stream velocity and where the water forms small rippled waves as a result. It often consists of a rocky bed of gravels or other small stones.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riffle
artificial reef
Chains of rocks or coral at or near the surface of water constructed by man.
ENVO
ENVO:00000149
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_reef
Chains of rocks or coral at or near the surface of water constructed by man.
MA:ma
coral reef
Aragonite structures produced by living organisms, found in shallow, marine waters with little nutrients in the water.
CoralReef
ENVO
ENVO:00000150
EcoLexicon:coral_reef
FTT:202
FTT:547
FTT:729
Geonames:H.RFC
LTER:127
barrier reef
coral reef
fringing reef
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral_reef
reef
USGS:SDTS
coral reef
ADL:FTT
fringing reef
Geonames:feature
coral reef
Aragonite structures produced by living organisms, found in shallow, marine waters with little nutrients in the water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral_reef
USGS:SDTS
reef
USGS:SDTS
fringing reef
CoralReef
NASA:earthrealm
ADL:FTT
coral reef
sabkha
An alkaline flat, in the context of a marine environment.
ENVO
ENVO:00000151
FTT:705
FTT:706
Geonames:H.SBKH
SWEETRealm:Sabkha
TGN:21368
basin
flat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabkha
sabkha
Geonames:feature
sabkha
ADL:FTT
flat
An alkaline flat, in the context of a marine environment.
MA:ma
USGS:SDTS
basin
anabranch
A section of a river or stream that diverts from the main course and rejoins later.
ENVO
ENVO:00000152
FTT:104
Geonames:H.STMA
TGN:21136
anabranch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabranch
stream
watercourse
A section of a river or stream that diverts from the main course and rejoins later.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabranch
ADL:FTT
stream
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
Geonames:feature
anabranch
headwater
ENVO
ENVO:00000153
FTT:105
FTT:1221
FTT:1259
FTT:220
FTT:644
Geonames:H.STMH
HEADWATER
TGN:21181
The upper part of a river system, denoting the upper basin and source streams of a river.
drainage basin
headstream
headwaters
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headwater
source
stream
The upper part of a river system, denoting the upper basin and source streams of a river.
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
stream
ADL:FTT
drainage basin
ADL:FTT
headstream
HEADWATER
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
headwaters
flood meadow
An area of grassland or pasture beside a river, subject to seasonal flooding.
ENVO
ENVO:00000154
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_meadow
water meadow
An area of grassland or pasture beside a river, subject to seasonal flooding.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_meadow
cirque
A deep natural hollow near the crest of a mountain, usually formed by a glacier.
CIRQUE
Cirque
ENVO
ENVO:00000155
FTT:218
FTT:481
Geonames:T.CRQ
Geonames:T.CRQS
TGN:21496
cirque
cirques
coomb
coombe
corrie
cwm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirque
ADL:FTT
cwm
Cirque
NASA:earthrealm
CIRQUE
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
cirque
Geonames:feature
cirques
A deep natural hollow near the crest of a mountain, usually formed by a glacier.
USGS:SDTS
web:http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/apc/genericterms.html
desert oasis
A small, isolated, fertile or green area in a desert region, usually having a spring or well.
ENVO
ENVO:00000156
EcoLexicon:oasis
FTT:261
Geonames:L.OAS
OASIS
TGN:21202
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oasis
oasis
A small, isolated, fertile or green area in a desert region, usually having a spring or well.
USGS:SDTS
OASIS
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
oasis
Getty:TGN
oasis
peat cut
An artificial working of peatland to remove the peat.
ENVO
ENVO:00000157
FTT:1060
Geonames:L.PEAT
peat cutting
peat cutting area
wetland
ADL:FTT
peat cutting area
Geonames:feature
peat cutting area
USGS:SDTS
peat cutting
USGS:SDTS
wetland
An artificial working of peatland to remove the peat.
MA:ma
causeway
A road or railway elevated by a bank, usually across a broad body of water or wetland.
ENVO
ENVO:00000158
EcoLexicon:causeway
FTT:443
Geonames:R.CSWY
TGN:53156
causeway
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causeway
road
Geonames:feature
causeway
A road or railway elevated by a bank, usually across a broad body of water or wetland.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causeway
USGS:SDTS
road
sugar plantation
ENVO
ENVO:00000159
FTT:45
FTT:75
Geonames:S.ESTSG
agricultural site
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar_plantation
sugar plantation
Geonames:feature
sugar plantation
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
sisal plantation
ENVO
ENVO:00000160
FTT:45
FTT:73
Geonames:ESTSL
agricultural site
sisal plantation
Geonames:feature
sisal plantation
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
banana plantation
ENVO
ENVO:00000161
FTT:45
FTT:49
Geonames:ESTB
agricultural site
banana plantation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_plantation
Geonames:feature
banana plantation
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
tea plantation
ENVO
ENVO:00000162
FTT:45
FTT:76
Geonames:S.ESTT
agricultural site
tea estate
tea plantation
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
Geonames:feature
tea plantation
coffee plantation
ENVO
ENVO:00000163
rubber plantation
ENVO
ENVO:00000164
FTT:45
FTT:71
Geonames:S.ESTR
agricultural site
rubber plantation
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
Geonames:feature
rubber plantation
asphalt lake
A lake formed of a natural deposit of alphalt, a black, highly viscous liquid or semi-solid composed of fossil hydrocarbons.
ENVO
ENVO:00000165
EcoLexicon:tar_pit
FTT:174
FTT:175
Geonames:T.ASPH
TGN:21369
asphalt lake
basin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar_pit
tar pit
A lake formed of a natural deposit of alphalt, a black, highly viscous liquid or semi-solid composed of fossil hydrocarbons.
MA:ma
Geonames:feature
asphalt lake
ADL:FTT
basin
atoll
An oceanic island, often having a characteristic ring-like shape surrounding a lagoon. Atolls are formed when coral reef grows around a volcanic island that later subsides into the ocean.
ENVO
ENVO:00000166
EcoLexicon:atoll
FTT:127
FTT:450
Geonames:T.ATOL
REEF, ISLAND
SWEETRealm:Atoll
TGN:21472
atoll
atoll
coral atoll
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoll
island
reef
An oceanic island, often having a characteristic ring-like shape surrounding a lagoon. Atolls are formed when coral reef grows around a volcanic island that later subsides into the ocean.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoll
ADL:FTT
island
USGS:SDTS
reef
USGS:SDTS
island
REEF, ISLAND
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
atoll
Geonames:feature
atoll
bar
A linear shoaling landform feature within a body of water. Bars tend to be long and narrow (linear) and develop where a current (or waves) promote deposition of granular material, resulting in localized shallowing (shoaling) of the water. Bars can appear in the sea, in a lake, or in a river. They are typically composed of sand, although could be of any granular matter that the moving water has access to and is capable of shifting around (for example, soil, silt, gravel, cobble, shingle, or even boulders). The grain size of the material comprising a bar is related: to the size of the waves or the strength of the currents moving the material, but the availability of material to be worked by waves and currents is also important.
ENVO
ENVO:00000167
EcoLexicon:bar
FTT:1195
FTT:206
FTT:208
FTT:209
FTT:210
FTT:5
Geonames:H.BNK
Geonames:H.SHOL
Geonames:T.BAR
Geonames:U.BKSU
Geonames:U.BNKU
Geonames:U.SHLU
Geonames:U.SHSU
Geonames:U.TNGU
SWEETRealm:Bar
Shoal
TGN:21177
TGN:21480
TGN:21531
TGN:23191
ball
bank
barrier beach
barrier island
cuspate spit
hook
hooked spit
longshore bar
marsh bar
offshore bar
point
recurved spit
sand bank
sand bar
sand hom
sand lobe
sand spit
sandbar
seafloor feature
shoal
shoal patches
shoals
spit
tongue
tongue (seafloor)
transverse bar
undersea shoal
A linear shoaling landform feature within a body of water. Bars tend to be long and narrow (linear) and develop where a current (or waves) promote deposition of granular material, resulting in localized shallowing (shoaling) of the water. Bars can appear in the sea, in a lake, or in a river. They are typically composed of sand, although could be of any granular matter that the moving water has access to and is capable of shifting around (for example, soil, silt, gravel, cobble, shingle, or even boulders). The grain size of the material comprising a bar is related: to the size of the waves or the strength of the currents moving the material, but the availability of material to be worked by waves and currents is also important.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_%28landform%29
Geonames:feature
shoals
USGS:SDTS
sand hom
USGS:SDTS
barrier beach
Geonames:feature
bank
USGS:SDTS
sand bank
USGS:SDTS
hooked spit
ADL:FTT
shoal
USGS:SDTS
marsh bar
Getty:TGN
sand bar
USGS:SDTS
shoal
USGS:SDTS
sandbar
USGS:SDTS
sand spit
USGS:SDTS
hook
USGS:SDTS
shoal patches
USGS:SDTS
point
NASA:earthrealm
Shoal
ADL:FTT
seafloor feature
USGS:SDTS
barrier island
ADL:FTT
spit
USGS:SDTS
longshore bar
USGS:SDTS
spit
ADL:FTT
sandbar
USGS:SDTS
tongue
Geonames:feature
shoal
Getty:TGN
undersea shoal
USGS:SDTS
offshore bar
USGS:SDTS
sand lobe
Geonames:feature
tongue
USGS:SDTS
recurved spit
USGS:SDTS
cuspate spit
USGS:SDTS
transverse bar
Getty:TGN
shoal
Geonames:feature
ball
ADL:FTT
tongue (seafloor)
blowhole
A hole in coastal rock through which sea water is forced by a rising tide or waves and spurted through an outlet into the air.
ENVO
ENVO:00000168
EcoLexicon:blowhole
FTT:266
Geonames:T.BLHL
TGN:21172
blowhole
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blowhole
A hole in coastal rock through which sea water is forced by a rising tide or waves and spurted through an outlet into the air.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
blowhole
canyon
ENVO
ENVO:00000169
EcoLexicon:canyon
FTT:165
FTT:200
FTT:415
FTT:416
FTT:417
FTT:418
FTT:419
FTT:420
FTT:511
Geonames:T.CNYN
Relatively narrow, deep depression with steep sides, the bottom of which generally has a continuous slope.
SWEETRealm:Canyon
TGN:21424
TGN:21426
TGN:21427
TGN:21429
barranca
chasm
defile
flume (natural)
gap
gorge
gulch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canyon
quebrada
ravine
valley
USGS:SDTS
valley
ADL:FTT
gulch
ADL:FTT
gorge
ADL:FTT
ravine
Getty:TGN
defile
ADL:FTT
Relatively narrow, deep depression with steep sides, the bottom of which generally has a continuous slope.
ADL:FTT
barranca
Getty:TGN
gorge
ADL:FTT
chasm
Getty:TGN
ravine
ADL:FTT
flume (natural)
ADL:FTT
gap
ADL:FTT
quebrada
dune
A hill of sand built by eolian processes.
Dune
ENVO
ENVO:00000170
EcoLexicon:dune
FTT:238
FTT:241
FTT:652
Geonames:T.DUNE
LTER:171
SWEETRealm:Dune
TGN:21419
TGN:21505
dune
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dune
interdune trough
mount
ridge
sand dune
sand hill
sandy area
A hill of sand built by eolian processes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dune
USGS:SDTS
ridge
Geonames:feature
sandy area
USGS:SDTS
mount
USGS:SDTS
sand hill
USGS:SDTS
sand dune
Dune
NASA:earthrealm
Getty:TGN
sandy area
ADL:FTT
interdune trough
Geonames:feature
dune
ADL:FTT
sandy area
river valley
A valley that contains, and has been formed by, a river.
ENVO
ENVO:00000171
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_valley
A valley that contains, and has been formed by, a river.
MA:ma
sandy desert
A desert plain characterized by a surface veneer of sand.
ENVO
ENVO:00000172
EcoLexicon:sandy_area
FTT:188
FTT:238
FTT:616
Geonames:T.ERG
Geonames:T.SAND
TGN:21203
There should be relation here to ENVO:sand, but it's more than "primarily composed of" and must call upon the idea of "ground surface" or layer.
desert
sand desert
sandy area
sandy desert
ADL:FTT
desert
ADL:FTT
sandy area
Geonames:feature
sandy desert
Geonames:feature
sandy area
Getty:TGN
sandy area
rocky desert
A desert plain characterized by a surface veneer of rock.
ENVO
ENVO:00000173
FTT:188
FTT:615
Geonames:T.HMDA
TGN:21204
There should be relation here to ENVO:rock, but it's more than "primarily composed of" and must call upon the idea of "ground surface" or layer.
desert
rock desert
Geonames:feature
rock desert
ADL:FTT
desert
isthmus
ENVO
ENVO:00000174
EcoLexicon:isthmus
FTT:892
Geonames:T.ISTH
ISTHMUS
Narrow section of land in a body of water connecting two larger land areas.
SWEETRealm:Isthmus
TGN:21473
TGN:21478
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthmus
isthmus
land bridge
neck
submarine isthmus
ISTHMUS
USGS:SDTS
Getty:TGN
land bridge
USGS:SDTS
neck
Geonames:feature
isthmus
Narrow section of land in a body of water connecting two larger land areas.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
submarine isthmus
karst
A feature shaped by the dissolution of a soluble layer or layers of bedrock, usually carbonate rock such as limestone or dolomite. These landscapes display distinctive surface features and underground drainages, and in some examples there may be little or no surface drainage.
ENVO
ENVO:00000175
EcoLexicon:karst
FTT:894
Geonames:T.KRST
SWEETRealm:Karst
TGN:21509
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karst
karst
karst area
ADL:FTT
karst area
Getty:TGN
karst area
A feature shaped by the dissolution of a soluble layer or layers of bedrock, usually carbonate rock such as limestone or dolomite. These landscapes display distinctive surface features and underground drainages, and in some examples there may be little or no surface drainage.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karst
Geonames:feature
karst
elevation
A landform elevated above the surrounding area.
ENVO
ENVO:00000176
LTER:177
SWEETRealm:Elevation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevation
A landform elevated above the surrounding area.
MA:ma
moraine
An accumulation of boulders, stones, or other debris carried and deposited by a glacier.
ENVO
ENVO:00000177
EcoLexicon:moraine
FTT:759
Geonames:T.MRN
MORAINE
TGN:21414
glacial moraine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moraine
moraine
Geonames:feature
moraine
MORAINE
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
glacial moraine
An accumulation of boulders, stones, or other debris carried and deposited by a glacier.
USGS:SDTS
levee
An artificial slope or wall, usually earthen, which parallels the course of a river, built for the purpose of containing the river.
EMBANKMENT
ENVO
ENVO:00000178
EcoLexicon:levee
FTT:197
FTT:21
FTT:252
FTT:619
FTT:670
FTT:921
Geonames:S.DIKE
Geonames:T.LEV
REVETMENT
SWEETRealm:Dike
TGN:51251
TGN:51263
berm
dike
dike (manmade)
dyke
embankment
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levee
levee
revetment
USGS:SDTS
dyke
An artificial slope or wall, usually earthen, which parallels the course of a river, built for the purpose of containing the river.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levee
Getty:TGN
dike
ADL:FTT
revetment
ADL:FTT
dike (manmade)
ADL:FTT
embankment
REVETMENT
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
dike
ADL:FTT
berm
Geonames:feature
dike
Geonames:feature
levee
EMBANKMENT
USGS:SDTS
mesa
An elevated area of land with a flat top and sides that are usually steep cliffs. Mesas form in areas where horizontally layered rocks are uplifted by tectonic activity.
ENVO
ENVO:00000179
FTT:376
FTT:377
Geonames:T.MESA
SWEETRealm:Mesa
TGN:21422
butte
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesa
mesa
plateau
USGS:SDTS
plateau
An elevated area of land with a flat top and sides that are usually steep cliffs. Mesas form in areas where horizontally layered rocks are uplifted by tectonic activity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesa
ADL:FTT
butte
Geonames:feature
mesa
mound
A rounded elevated area.
ENVO
ENVO:00000180
FTT:118
FTT:993
Geonames:T.MND
TGN:21458
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mound
mound
mount
A rounded elevated area.
MA:ma
USGS:SDTS
mount
Geonames:feature
mound
nunatak
"peak" in the definition is understood as a synonym of mount, rather than of summit. Nunataks may also refer to areas of ridges. The definition and placement of this class may need to be revised.
ENVO
ENVO:00000181
FTT:648
FTT:757
FTT:80
Geonames:T.NTK
Geonames:T.NTKS
TGN:21495
The exposed summit of a ridge, mountain, or peak not covered with ice or snow within an ice field or glacier. The term is typically used in areas where a permanent ice mass is present.
glacier feature
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunatak
mountain summit
nunatak
nunataks
peak
Geonames:feature
nunatak
The exposed summit of a ridge, mountain, or peak not covered with ice or snow within an ice field or glacier. The term is typically used in areas where a permanent ice mass is present.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunatak
ADL:FTT
glacier feature
Geonames:feature
nunataks
ADL:FTT
mountain summit
USGS:SDTS
peak
plateau
An elevated and comparatively level expanse of land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000182
EcoLexicon:plateau
FTT:1080
FTT:1090
FTT:1091
FTT:788
Geonames:T.PLAT
Geonames:T.UPLD
PLATEAU
Plateau
SWEETRealm:Plateau
TGN:21441
TGN:21493
TGN:21494
highland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plateau
intermontane plateau
plateau
table mountain
tableknoll
tableland
tablemount
upland
ADL:FTT
tableland
USGS:SDTS
tablemount
USGS:SDTS
tableknoll
An elevated and comparatively level expanse of land.
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
upland
Geonames:feature
upland
USGS:SDTS
intermontane plateau
ADL:FTT
table mountain
PLATEAU
USGS:SDTS
Getty:TGN
upland
Geonames:feature
plateau
Getty:TGN
highland
NASA:earthrealm
Plateau
USGS:SDTS
tableland
stony desert
A desert plain characterized by a surface veneer of gravel or stones.
ENVO
ENVO:00000183
FTT:188
FTT:617
Geonames:T.REG
There should be relation here to ENVO:rock and ENVO:gravel, but it's more than "primarily composed of" and must call upon the idea of "ground surface" or layer.
desert
stony desert
Geonames:feature
stony desert
A desert plain characterized by a surface veneer of gravel or stones.
Geonames:feature
ADL:FTT
desert
hanging valley
A tributary valley with the floor at a higher relief than the main channel into which it flows. They are most commonly associated with U-shaped valleys when a tributary glacier flows into a glacier of larger volume.
ENVO
ENVO:00000184
FTT:166
FTT:784
Geonames:T.VALG
TGN:21514
hanging valley
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanging_valley
valley
A tributary valley with the floor at a higher relief than the main channel into which it flows. They are most commonly associated with U-shaped valleys when a tributary glacier flows into a glacier of larger volume.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley#Hanging_valleys
ADL:FTT
valley
Geonames:feature
hanging valley
raised mire
ENVO
ENVO:00000185
Rain-fed, potentially deep peatlands occurring principally in lowland areas across much of Northern Europe, as well as in the former USSR, North America and parts of the southern hemisphere.
SWEETRealm:RaisedBog
raised bog
wetland
USGS:SDTS
raised bog
Rain-fed, potentially deep peatlands occurring principally in lowland areas across much of Northern Europe, as well as in the former USSR, North America and parts of the southern hemisphere.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peatland#Types_of_peatland
USGS:SDTS
wetland
string mire
ENVO
ENVO:00000186
Flat or concave peatlands with a string-like pattern of hummocks (hence the name), found principally in northern Scandinavia but occurring in the western parts of the former USSR and in North America. A few examples exist in northern Britain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_bog
string bog
wetland
USGS:SDTS
wetland
Flat or concave peatlands with a string-like pattern of hummocks (hence the name), found principally in northern Scandinavia but occurring in the western parts of the former USSR and in North America. A few examples exist in northern Britain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peatland#Types_of_peatland
USGS:SDTS
string bog
tundra mire
ENVO
ENVO:00000187
Peatlands with a shallow peat layer, only about 500 mm thick, dominated by sedges and grasses. They form in permafrost areas, covering around 110,000 to 160,000 km2 in Alaska, Canada, and the former USSR.
Peatlands with a shallow peat layer, only about 500 mm thick, dominated by sedges and grasses. They form in permafrost areas, covering around 110,000 to 160,000 km2 in Alaska, Canada, and the former USSR.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peatland#Types_of_peatland
paisa mire
ENVO
ENVO:00000188
Peatland typified by characteristic high mounds, each with a permanently frozen core, with wet depressions between the mounds. These develop where the ground surface is frozen only for part of the year, and are common in the former USSR, Canada and parts of Scandinavia.
Peatland typified by characteristic high mounds, each with a permanently frozen core, with wet depressions between the mounds. These develop where the ground surface is frozen only for part of the year, and are common in the former USSR, Canada and parts of Scandinavia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peatland#Types_of_peatland
peat swamp
ENVO
ENVO:00000189
Forested peatlands including both rain- and groundwater-fed types, commonly recorded in tropical regions with high rainfall. This type of peatland covers around 350,000 km2, primarily in south-east Asia but also occurring in the Everglades in Florida.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peat_swamp
Forested peatlands including both rain- and groundwater-fed types, commonly recorded in tropical regions with high rainfall. This type of peatland covers around 350,000 km2, primarily in south-east Asia but also occurring in the Everglades in Florida.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peatland#Types_of_peatland
abyssal feature
Abyssalhill
ENVO
ENVO:00000190
EcoLexicon:abyssal_hill
FTT:1020
FTT:2
FTT:4
Feature on the ocean floor at a depth of 3500 - 6000 meters.
abyssal hill
ocean floor feature
Abyssalhill
NASA:earthrealm
ADL:FTT
Feature on the ocean floor at a depth of 3500 - 6000 meters.
ADL:FTT
abyssal hill
physiographic feature
ENVO
ENVO:00000191
EcoLexicon:landform
EcoLexicon:landforms
FTT:754
FTT:96
SWEETRealm:Landform
TGN:21400
TGN:21401
geological feature
landform
ADL:FTT
geological feature
mudflat
A wetland that forms when mud is deposited by the tides, rivers, sea or oceans.
ENVO
ENVO:00000192
EcoLexicon:mud_flat
FTT:1001
FTT:185
Geonames:H.FLTM
SPIRE:Mudflat
SWEETRealm:MudFlat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudflat
mud flat
mud flat
wetland
ADL:FTT
mud flat
A wetland that forms when mud is deposited by the tides, rivers, sea or oceans.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudflat
Geonames:feature
mud flat
ADL:FTT
wetland
olive grove
ENVO
ENVO:00000193
FTT:1033
FTT:506
Geonames:V.GRVO
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_grove
olive grove
wood
Geonames:feature
olive grove
ADL:FTT
wood
scree
Broken rock that appears at the bottom of crags, mountain cliffs or valley shoulders.
ENVO
ENVO:00000194
EcoLexicon:scree
FTT:1078
FTT:96
Geonames:T.TAL
SWEETRealm:Talus
TALUS
TGN:21508
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scree
talus slope
Getty:TGN
talus slope
TALUS
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
talus slope
Broken rock that appears at the bottom of crags, mountain cliffs or valley shoulders.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scree
sinkhole
A natural depression or hole in the surface topography caused by the removal of soil or bedrock, often both, by water. Sinkholes may vary in size from less than a meter to several hundred meters both in diameter and depth, and vary in form from soil-lined bowls to bedrock-edged chasms.
ENVO
ENVO:00000195
EcoLexicon:sink_hole
FTT:1073
FTT:1074
Geonames:T.SINK
SWEETRealm:Sink
TGN:21371
basin
cenote
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinkhole
sink
USGS:SDTS
sink
USGS:SDTS
basin
Geonames:feature
sink
A natural depression or hole in the surface topography caused by the removal of soil or bedrock, often both, by water. Sinkholes may vary in size from less than a meter to several hundred meters both in diameter and depth, and vary in form from soil-lined bowls to bedrock-edged chasms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinkhole
alkaline flat
A dry lakebed consisting of fine-grained sediments infused with alkali salts. Generally the shore or bed of an endorheic lake.
ENVO
ENVO:00000196
FTT:223
FTT:477
FTT:706
FTT:895
LTER:434
SWEETRealm:Playa
chott
kavir
playa
salina
ADL:FTT
kavir
ADL:FTT
playa
USGS:SDTS
salina
ADL:FTT
chott
A dry lakebed consisting of fine-grained sediments infused with alkali salts. Generally the shore or bed of an endorheic lake.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabkha
endorheic lake
A lake from which there is no outflow of water, either on the surface as rivers, or underground by flow or diffusion through rock or permeable material.
ENVO
ENVO:00000197
EcoLexicon:endorheic_lake
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endorheic_lake
closed lake
A lake from which there is no outflow of water, either on the surface as rivers, or underground by flow or diffusion through rock or permeable material.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endorheic
subglacial lake
A lake permanently covered by ice.
ENVO
ENVO:00000198
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subglacial_lake
A lake permanently covered by ice.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake#Types_of_lakes
meromictic lake
A lake which has layers of water which do not intermix. The deepest layer of water in such a lake does not contain any dissolved oxygen. The layers of sediment at the bottom of a meromictic lake remain relatively undisturbed because there are no living organisms to stir them up.
ENVO
ENVO:00000199
EcoLexicon:meromictic_lake_
A lake which has layers of water which do not intermix. The deepest layer of water in such a lake does not contain any dissolved oxygen. The layers of sediment at the bottom of a meromictic lake remain relatively undisturbed because there are no living organisms to stir them up.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake#Types_of_lakes
periglacial lake
A lake, part of whose margin is formed by an ice mass, ice cap or glacier, the ice having obstructed the natural drainage of the land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000200
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periglacial_lake
A lake, part of whose margin is formed by an ice mass, ice cap or glacier, the ice having obstructed the natural drainage of the land.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake#Types_of_lakes
fjord lake
A lake in a glacially eroded valley, which has been eroded below sea level.
ENVO
ENVO:00000201
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fjord_lake
A lake in a glacially eroded valley, which has been eroded below sea level.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake#Types_of_lakes
oxbow lake
A lake which is formed when a wide meander from a stream or a river is cut off to form a lake. They are called oxbow lakes due to the distinctive curved shape that results from this process.
ENVO
ENVO:00000202
EcoLexicon:ox-bow_lake
FTT:221
FTT:903
Geonames:H.LKO
TGN:21139
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxbow_lake
A lake which is formed when a wide meander from a stream or a river is cut off to form a lake. They are called oxbow lakes due to the distinctive curved shape that results from this process.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake#Types_of_lakes
rift lake
A lake which forms as a result of subsidence along a geological fault in the Earth's tectonic plates.
ENVO
ENVO:00000203
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rift_lake
A lake which forms as a result of subsidence along a geological fault in the Earth's tectonic plates.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake#Types_of_lakes
ephemeral spring
A spring whose flow is intermittent.
ENVO
ENVO:00000204
A spring whose flow is intermittent.
MA:ma
permanent spring
A spring whose flow is continuous.
ENVO
ENVO:00000205
A spring whose flow is continuous.
MA:ma
marine neritic zone
ENVO
ENVO:00000206
EcoLexicon:neritic_zone
SWEETRealm:NeriticZone
The water mass of an ocean directly above a continental shelf.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neritic_zone
The water mass of an ocean directly above a continental shelf.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
oceanic zone
ENVO
ENVO:00000207
EcoLexicon:oceanic_zone
OceanLayer
The water mass of an ocean that is not above a continental shelf.
The water mass of an ocean that is not above a continental shelf.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
NASA:earthrealm
OceanLayer
marine pelagic zone
An open ocean region.
ENVO
ENVO:00000208
EcoLexicon:pelagic_zone
SPIRE:Pelagic
SWEETRealm:PelagicZone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelagic_zone
An open ocean region.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
marine photic zone
ENVO
ENVO:00000209
EcoLexicon:epipelagic_zone
PhoticZone
SPIRE:Epipelagic_zone
SWEETRealm:PhoticZone
The zone of an ocean from the surface to where photosynthesis can occur, due to the penetration of light.
epipelagic zone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photic_zone
The zone of an ocean from the surface to where photosynthesis can occur, due to the penetration of light.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
NASA:earthrealm
PhoticZone
marine aphotic zone
AphoticZone
ENVO
ENVO:00000210
EcoLexicon:aphotic_zone
SWEETRealm:AphoticZone
The zone of an ocean below 200m, in which photosynthesis cannot occur due to the lack of light.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphotic_zone
AphoticZone
NASA:earthrealm
The zone of an ocean below 200m, in which photosynthesis cannot occur due to the lack of light.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
marine bathypelagic zone
ENVO
ENVO:00000211
EcoLexicon:bathypelagic_zone
SWEETRealm:BathypelagicZone
The one of an ocean below the 10degC thermocline down to a temperature of 4degC.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathypelagic_zone
The one of an ocean below the 10degC thermocline down to a temperature of 4degC.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
marine abyssalpelagic zone
ENVO
ENVO:00000212
The zone of the ocean below the bathypelagic zone, with its lowest boundary at about 6000m.
The zone of the ocean below the bathypelagic zone, with its lowest boundary at about 6000m.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
marine mesopelagic zone
ENVO
ENVO:00000213
EcoLexicon:mesopelagic_zone
SPIRE:Mesopelagic_zone
SWEETRealm:MesopelagicZone
The zone of an ocean immediately below the photic zone down to a depth where the water temperature is 10degC (the thermocline).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopelagic_zone
The zone of an ocean immediately below the photic zone down to a depth where the water temperature is 10degC (the thermocline).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
hadalpelagic zone
ENVO
ENVO:00000214
The zone of an ocean in oceanic trenches, lying between 6000m and 10,000m.
The zone of an ocean in oceanic trenches, lying between 6000m and 10,000m.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
hydrothermal vent
A fissure in the Earths's surface from which geothermally heated water issues.
ENVO
ENVO:00000215
EcoLexicon:hydrothermal_vent
FTT:834
HydrothermalVents
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_vent
A fissure in the Earths's surface from which geothermally heated water issues.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_vents
HydrothermalVents
NASA:earthrealm
fumarole
A hole in the Earth's crust from which steam and gases are emitted.
ENVO
ENVO:00000216
EcoLexicon:fumarole
FTT:731
FTT:732
FUMAROLE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fumarole
thermal feature
A hole in the Earth's crust from which steam and gases are emitted.
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
thermal feature
FUMAROLE
USGS:SDTS
solfatara
A fumarole that emits sulfurous gases.
ENVO
ENVO:00000217
EcoLexicon:solfatara
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solfatara
A fumarole that emits sulfurous gases.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fumarole
black smoker
A hydrothermal vent found on the ocean floor. The vents are formed in fields hundreds of meters wide when superheated water from below the Earth's crust comes through the ocean floor. The superheated water is rich in dissolved minerals from the crust, most notably sulfides, which crystallize to create a chimney-like structure around each vent. When the superheated water in the vent comes in contact with the cold ocean water, many minerals are precipitated, creating the distinctive black color. The metal sulfides that are deposited can become massive sulfide ore deposits in time.
ENVO
ENVO:00000218
SPIRE:Oceanic_vent
active chimney
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_smoker
oceanic vent
sea vent
A hydrothermal vent found on the ocean floor. The vents are formed in fields hundreds of meters wide when superheated water from below the Earth's crust comes through the ocean floor. The superheated water is rich in dissolved minerals from the crust, most notably sulfides, which crystallize to create a chimney-like structure around each vent. When the superheated water in the vent comes in contact with the cold ocean water, many minerals are precipitated, creating the distinctive black color. The metal sulfides that are deposited can become massive sulfide ore deposits in time.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_smoker
SPIRE:Oceanic_vent
oceanic vent
landlocked sea
A sea that is not connected with an ocean.
ENVO
ENVO:00000219
FTT:221
FTT:871
inland sea
lake
USGS:SDTS
lake
A sea that is not connected with an ocean.
MA:ma
USGS:SDTS
inland sea
ADL:FTT
lake
archipelago
A group of geographically or geologically associated islands.
ENVO
ENVO:00000220
EcoLexicon:archipelago
FTT:146
ISLAND CLUSTER
IslandArc
TGN:21470
TGN:21474
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipelago
island arc
island group
IslandArc
NASA:earthrealm
ISLAND CLUSTER
USGS:SDTS
Getty:TGN
island group
A group of geographically or geologically associated islands.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipelago
USGS:SDTS
island arc
continental island
An island that lies on a continental shelf.
ENVO
ENVO:00000221
EcoLexicon:continental_island
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_island
An island that lies on a continental shelf.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island#Continental_island
oceanic island
An island that does not sit on a continental shelf, and is of volcanic origin.
ENVO
ENVO:00000222
EcoLexicon:oceanic_island
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanic_island
volcanic island
An island that does not sit on a continental shelf, and is of volcanic origin.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island#Oceanic_islands
continental shelf
ENVO
ENVO:00000223
EcoLexicon:continental_margin
EcoLexicon:continental_shelf
FTT:283
FTT:284
FTT:535
FTT:537
FTT:538
FTT:539
Geonames:U.BDLU
Geonames:U.SHFU
SWEETRealm:ContinentalMargin
The continental shelf is a gentle slope. This class refers to the geographical continental shelf and not the legal concept of the same name.
The extended perimeter of each continent, which is covered during interglacial periods such as the current epoch by relatively shallow sea.
borderland
borderland (continental margin)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_shelf
platform (continental margin)
shelf
shelf edge (ocean)
shelves, continental
Geonames:feature
shelf
The extended perimeter of each continent, which is covered during interglacial periods such as the current epoch by relatively shallow sea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_shelf
ADL:FTT
borderland (continental margin)
ADL:FTT
shelves, continental
ADL:FTT
shelf edge (ocean)
Geonames:feature
borderland
ADL:FTT
platform (continental margin)
slightly stratified estuary
An estuary whose river output is less than the marine input. Here, turbulence causes mixing of the whole water column, such that salinity varies more longitudinally rather than vertically.
ENVO
ENVO:00000224
An estuary whose river output is less than the marine input. Here, turbulence causes mixing of the whole water column, such that salinity varies more longitudinally rather than vertically.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary
highly stratified estuary
An estuary whose river output and marine input are more even, with river flow still dominant; turbulence induces more mixing of salt water upward than the reverse.
ENVO
ENVO:00000225
An estuary whose river output and marine input are more even, with river flow still dominant; turbulence induces more mixing of salt water upward than the reverse.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary
saline wedge estuary
An estuary whose river output greatly exceeds marine input; there is little mixing, and thus a sharp contrast between fresh surface water and saline bottom water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000226
EcoLexicon:salt-wedge_estuary
salt wedge estuary
An estuary whose river output greatly exceeds marine input; there is little mixing, and thus a sharp contrast between fresh surface water and saline bottom water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary
vertically mixed estuary
An estuary whose river output is less than the marine input. Here, turbulence causes mixing of the whole water column, such that salinity varies more longitudinally rather than vertically.
ENVO
ENVO:00000227
An estuary whose river output is less than the marine input. Here, turbulence causes mixing of the whole water column, such that salinity varies more longitudinally rather than vertically.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary
inverse estuary
An estuary located in regions with high evaporation, there is no freshwater input and in fact salinity increases inland; overall flow is inward at the surface, downwells at the inland terminus, and flows outward subsurface.
ENVO
ENVO:00000228
An estuary located in regions with high evaporation, there is no freshwater input and in fact salinity increases inland; overall flow is inward at the surface, downwells at the inland terminus, and flows outward subsurface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary
intermittent estuary
An estuary that varies dramatically depending on freshwater input, and is capable of changing from a wholly marine embayment to any of the other estuary types.
ENVO
ENVO:00000229
An estuary that varies dramatically depending on freshwater input, and is capable of changing from a wholly marine embayment to any of the other estuary types.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary
coastal wetland
A wetland associated with the part of the land adjoining or near a sea or ocean.
ENVO
ENVO:00000230
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_wetland
A wetland associated with the part of the land adjoining or near a sea or ocean.
MA:ma
moor
A wetland found in upland areas, characterised by acidic soils.
ENVO
ENVO:00000231
EcoLexicon:moor
FTT:1191
FTT:991
Geonames:H.MOOR
LTER:351
TGN:21608
grassland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moor
moor
shrubland
wetland
woodland
Geonames:feature
moor
ADL:FTT
shrubland
USGS:SDTS
woodland
USGS:SDTS
wetland
A wetland found in upland areas, characterised by acidic soils.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moorland
USGS:SDTS
grassland
fen
A freshwater peat land with chemically basic (which roughly means alkaline) ground water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000232
FTT:685
TGN:21321
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen
wetland
A freshwater peat land with chemically basic (which roughly means alkaline) ground water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetland#Wetland_types
ADL:FTT
wetland
USGS:SDTS
wetland
swamp
A wetland that features permanent inundation of large areas of land by shallow bodies of water, generally with a substantial number of hummocks, or dry-land protrusions.
ENVO
ENVO:00000233
EcoLexicon:swamp
FTT:1226
FTT:185
FTT:480
Geonames:H.SWMP
SPIRE:Swamp
SWEETRealm:Swamp
Swamp
TGN:21324
cienaga
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swamp
swamp
wetland
NASA:earthrealm
Swamp
USGS:SDTS
wetland
Geonames:feature
swamp
ADL:FTT
cienaga
ADL:FTT
wetland
A wetland that features permanent inundation of large areas of land by shallow bodies of water, generally with a substantial number of hummocks, or dry-land protrusions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swamp
bayou
A small, slow-moving stream or creek; usually located in low-lying areas.
ENVO
ENVO:00000234
EcoLexicon:embayment_
FTT:1206
FTT:228
FTT:230
TGN:21303
TGN:21305
bahia
embayment
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayou
lake
lake
slough
watercourse
A small, slow-moving stream or creek; usually located in low-lying areas.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayous
ADL:FTT
embayment
ADL:FTT
bahia
USGS:SDTS
lake
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
USGS:SDTS
lake
carr
A fen which has developed to the point where it supports trees.
ENVO
ENVO:00000235
A fen which has developed to the point where it supports trees.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetland#Wetland_types
dambo
A class of complex shallow wetlands in central, southern and eastern Africa, particularly in Zambia and Zimbabwe. They are generally found in higher rainfall flat plateau areas, and have river-like branching forms which may be nowhere very large, but common enough to add up to a large area.
ENVO
ENVO:00000236
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambo
A class of complex shallow wetlands in central, southern and eastern Africa, particularly in Zambia and Zimbabwe. They are generally found in higher rainfall flat plateau areas, and have river-like branching forms which may be nowhere very large, but common enough to add up to a large area.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambos
hydromorphic/phreatic dambo
A danbo associated with a headwater.
ENVO
ENVO:00000237
A danbo associated with a headwater.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambos
fluvial dambo
A dambo associated with a river.
ENVO
ENVO:00000238
A dambo associated with a river.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dambos
pocasin
A palustrine wetland with deep, acidic, sandy, peat soils. Groundwater saturates the soil except during brief seasonal dry spells and during prolonged droughts. Pocosin soils are nutrient deficient (oligotrophic), especially in phosphorus.
ENVO
ENVO:00000239
wetland
USGS:SDTS
wetland
A palustrine wetland with deep, acidic, sandy, peat soils. Groundwater saturates the soil except during brief seasonal dry spells and during prolonged droughts. Pocosin soils are nutrient deficient (oligotrophic), especially in phosphorus.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocosin
saline wetland
ENVO
ENVO:00000240
It would be more correct to say that this has_quality salty or has_part ((soil and water) and has_increased_levels_of salt.
tidal mudflat
A level tract lying at a small depth below the surface of water, or alternately covered and left bare by the tide.
ENVO
ENVO:00000241
EcoLexicon:tidal_flat
FLAT
FTT:1230
FTT:185
FTT:706
Geonames:H.FLTT
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_flat
tidal flat
wetland
USGS:SDTS
tidal flat
FLAT
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
wetland
A level tract lying at a small depth below the surface of water, or alternately covered and left bare by the tide.
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
tidal flat
ADL:FTT
tidal flat
lacustrine mudflat
A wetland that forms when mud is deposited by a stream.
ENVO
ENVO:00000242
A wetland that forms when mud is deposited by a stream.
MA:ma
freshwater wetland
A wetland whose water that contains low concentrations of salts.
ENVO
ENVO:00000243
A wetland whose water that contains low concentrations of salts.
MA:ma
abyssal plain
A flat or very gently sloping areas of the deep ocean basin floor.
Abyssalplain
ENVO
ENVO:00000244
EcoLexicon:abyssal_plain
FTT:4
SPIRE:Abyssal
TGN:23302
abyssal feature
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abyssal_plain
ADL:FTT
abyssal feature
A flat or very gently sloping areas of the deep ocean basin floor.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abyssal_plain
Abyssalplain
NASA:earthrealm
maar
A broad, low relief crater that results from a phreatic eruption or explosion caused by groundwater contact with hot lava or magma. The maar typically fills with water to form a relatively shallow crater lake.
ENVO
ENVO:00000245
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maar
A broad, low relief crater that results from a phreatic eruption or explosion caused by groundwater contact with hot lava or magma. The maar typically fills with water to form a relatively shallow crater lake.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maar
volcanic crater
A crater formed by a volcano, within which occurs a vent (or vents) from which magma erupts as gases, lava, and ejecta.
ENVO
ENVO:00000246
FTT:219
TGN:21408
crater
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_crater
A crater formed by a volcano, within which occurs a vent (or vents) from which magma erupts as gases, lava, and ejecta.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_crater
volcano
An opening, or rupture, in the Earth's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash and gases to escape from deep below the surface.
ENVO
ENVO:00000247
EcoLexicon:volcano
FTT:592
Geonames:T.VLC
TGN:21406
Volcano
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano
mount
volcano
Geonames:feature
volcano
NASA:earthrealm
Volcano
USGS:SDTS
mount
An opening, or rupture, in the Earth's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash and gases to escape from deep below the surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano
glacial valley
A valley that contains, or contained, a glacier and was formed by glacial activity. Typically U-shaped in cross-section.
ENVO
ENVO:00000248
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacial_valley
valley
A valley that contains, or contained, a glacier and was formed by glacial activity. Typically U-shaped in cross-section.
MA:ma
USGS:SDTS
valley
lateral moraine
ENVO
ENVO:00000249
EcoLexicon:lateral_moraine
The parallel ridges of till deposited along the sides of an alglacier. The unconsolidated debris is deposited on top of the glacier by frost shattering of the valley walls and from tributary streams flowing into the valley. The till is carried along the glacial margin until the glacier melts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_moraine
moraine
USGS:SDTS
moraine
The parallel ridges of till deposited along the sides of an alglacier. The unconsolidated debris is deposited on top of the glacier by frost shattering of the valley walls and from tributary streams flowing into the valley. The till is carried along the glacial margin until the glacier melts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moraine
medial moraine
A moriane formed when the inside lateral moraines of two glaciers merge together. They form a ridge down the center of the combined glaciers.
ENVO
ENVO:00000250
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial_moraine
A moriane formed when the inside lateral moraines of two glaciers merge together. They form a ridge down the center of the combined glaciers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moraine
ground moraine
A till covered area with irregular topography and no ridges, often forming gently rolling hills or plains. Forms by the accumulation of till under the ice by lodgement, but may also be deposited as the glacier retreats.
ENVO
ENVO:00000251
EcoLexicon:ground_moraine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_moraine
A till covered area with irregular topography and no ridges, often forming gently rolling hills or plains. Forms by the accumulation of till under the ice by lodgement, but may also be deposited as the glacier retreats.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moraine
terminal moraine
ENVO
ENVO:00000252
EcoLexicon:terminal_moraine
Ridges of unconsolidated debris deposited at the snout or end of the glacier. They usually reflect the shape of the glacier's terminus.
delta moraine
end moraine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_moraine
moraine
USGS:SDTS
end moraine
USGS:SDTS
delta moraine
USGS:SDTS
moraine
Ridges of unconsolidated debris deposited at the snout or end of the glacier. They usually reflect the shape of the glacier's terminus.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moraine
scroll plane
A plain where a stream meanders across an area with a very low gradient, usually with a fairly continuous discharge. In addition to meanders, scroll plains are also characterised by many oxbow lakes.
ENVO
ENVO:00000253
A plain where a stream meanders across an area with a very low gradient, usually with a fairly continuous discharge. In addition to meanders, scroll plains are also characterised by many oxbow lakes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scroll_plain
till plan
An extensive flat plain of glacial till that forms when a sheet of ice becomes detached from the main body of a glacier and melts in place depositing the sediments it carried.
ENVO
ENVO:00000254
An extensive flat plain of glacial till that forms when a sheet of ice becomes detached from the main body of a glacier and melts in place depositing the sediments it carried.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Till_plain
flood plain
An area which is subject to periodic flooding.
ENVO
ENVO:00000255
EcoLexicon:flood_plain
FLOOD PLAIN
FTT:288
FTT:98
Floodplain
LTER:197
SWEETRealm:FloodPlain
TGN:21460
bottomland
floodplain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_plain
Floodplain
NASA:earthrealm
ADL:FTT
floodplain
An area which is subject to periodic flooding.
USGS:SDTS
FLOOD PLAIN
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
bottomland
floodway
ENVO
ENVO:00000256
FTT:710
The stream channel and adjacent areas that carry flood flows in a flood plain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floodway
The stream channel and adjacent areas that carry flood flows in a flood plain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_plain
flood fringe
Area of a flood plane covered by the flood, but which does not experience a strong current.
ENVO
ENVO:00000257
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_fringe
Area of a flood plane covered by the flood, but which does not experience a strong current.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_plain
alluvial plain
A relatively flat and gently sloping landform found at the base of a range of hills or mountains, formed by the deposition of alluvial soil over a long period of time by one or more streams coming from the mountains.
ENVO
ENVO:00000258
EcoLexicon:alluvial_plain
SWEETRealm:AlluvialPlain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_plain
A relatively flat and gently sloping landform found at the base of a range of hills or mountains, formed by the deposition of alluvial soil over a long period of time by one or more streams coming from the mountains.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_plain
lacustrine plain
A plain that originally formed in a lacustrine environment, that is, as the bed of a lake, but from which the water has disappeared, by natural drainage, evaporation or other geophysical processes.
ENVO
ENVO:00000259
SWEETRealm:LacustrinePlain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacustrine_plain
A plain that originally formed in a lacustrine environment, that is, as the bed of a lake, but from which the water has disappeared, by natural drainage, evaporation or other geophysical processes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacustrine_plain
prairie
An area of land of low topographic relief that historically supported grasses and herbs, with few trees, and having generally a mesic (moderate or temperate) climate. Dominated by tall grasses (contrast steppe).
ENVO
ENVO:00000260
FTT:259
FTT:707
FTT:769
FTT:926
TGN:21605
TGN:21606
grassland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prairie
llanos
pampa
plain
veld
USGS:SDTS
veld
ADL:FTT
grassland
An area of land of low topographic relief that historically supported grasses and herbs, with few trees, and having generally a mesic (moderate or temperate) climate. Dominated by tall grasses (contrast steppe).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prairie
Getty:TGN
pampa
ADL:FTT
plain
ADL:FTT
llanos
USGS:SDTS
grassland
savanna
A grassland of the tropics or subtropics with scattered trees.
ENVO
ENVO:00000261
FTT:259
FTT:770
FTT:771
Savanna
TGN:21607
grassland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savanna
savannah
NASA:earthrealm
Savanna
ADL:FTT
grassland
USGS:SDTS
grassland
A grassland of the tropics or subtropics with scattered trees.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_and_subtropical_grasslands%2C_savannas%2C_and_shrublands
ADL:FTT
savannah
steppe
A plain without trees (apart from those near rivers and lakes); it is similar to a prairie, although a prairie is generally considered as being dominated by tall grasses, while short grasses are said to be normal in the steppe. It may be semi-desert, or covered with grass or shrubs or both, depending on the season and latitude.
ENVO
ENVO:00000262
EcoLexicon:steppe
FTT:259
grassland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steppe
pampa
pampas
puszta
USGS:SDTS
pampas
ADL:FTT
grassland
USGS:SDTS
puszta
USGS:SDTS
grassland
A plain without trees (apart from those near rivers and lakes); it is similar to a prairie, although a prairie is generally considered as being dominated by tall grasses, while short grasses are said to be normal in the steppe. It may be semi-desert, or covered with grass or shrubs or both, depending on the season and latitude.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steppe
fissure cave
A narrow, verical cave passage, often developed along a joint but not necessarily so. Usually due to solution but sometimes to tension.
ENVO
ENVO:00000263
A narrow, verical cave passage, often developed along a joint but not necessarily so. Usually due to solution but sometimes to tension.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
seamount
A mountain rising from the ocean seafloor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level), and thus is not an island. Typically formed from volcanoes that rise abruptly and are usually found rising from a seafloor of 1,000 - 4,000 meters depth. Independent features that rise to at least 1,000 meters above the seafloor.
ENVO
ENVO:00000264
EcoLexicon:mountain
EcoLexicon:seamount
FTT:1241
Geonames:MTSU
Geonames:RNGU
Geonames:U.HLLU
Geonames:U.HLSU
Geonames:U.KNLU
Geonames:U.KNSU
Geonames:U.MESU
Geonames:U.MNDU
Geonames:U.MTU
Geonames:U.PKSU
Geonames:U.PKU
Geonames:U.SMSU
Geonames:U.SMU
Seamount
TGN:23132
TGN:23133
TGN:23172
TGN:23175
TGN:23176
TGN:23178
hill
hills
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seamount
knoll
knolls
mesa
mound
mount
mount
mountain
mountains
peak
peaks
range
sea mount
sea-mount
seaknoll
seakpeak
seamount
submarine volcano
undersea hill
undersea knoll
undersea mound
A mountain rising from the ocean seafloor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level), and thus is not an island. Typically formed from volcanoes that rise abruptly and are usually found rising from a seafloor of 1,000 - 4,000 meters depth. Independent features that rise to at least 1,000 meters above the seafloor.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seamount
Geonames:feature
peak
Getty:TGN
undersea mound
Geonames:feature
hill
Getty:TGN
undersea hill
USGS:SDTS
mount
ADL:FTT
seakpeak
Geonames:feature
mountain
USGS:SDTS
seakpeak
Geonames:feature
peaks
USGS:SDTS
mount
Geonames:feature
hills
Geonames:feature
mountains
Geonames:feature
range
Geonames:feature
mound
Geonames:feature
knoll
NASA:earthrealm
Seamount
Geonames:feature
seamount
Getty:TGN
undersea knoll
Geonames:feature
mesa
Geonames:feature
knolls
USGS:SDTS
seaknoll
guyot
A flat-topped seamount.
ENVO
ENVO:00000265
EcoLexicon:tablemount
FTT:1197
FTT:777
FTT:778
Geonames:U.TMSU
TGN:23171
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guyot
plateau
seamount
tablemount
tablemount (seafloor)
tablemounts
Geonames:feature
tablemounts
Geonames:feature
tablemount
USGS:SDTS
plateau
ADL:FTT
seamount
ADL:FTT
tablemount (seafloor)
A flat-topped seamount.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guyot
pasture
ENVO
ENVO:00000266
FTT:45
FTT:67
Geonames:L.GRAZ
Grassland used for grazing of ungulate livestock as part of a farm or ranch.
agricultural site
cropland
grassland
grazing area
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasture
Grassland used for grazing of ungulate livestock as part of a farm or ranch.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasture
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
USGS:SDTS
grassland
Geonames:feature
grazing area
USGS:SDTS
cropland
submarine canyon
A steep-sided valley on the sea floor of the continental slope. Many submarine canyons are found as extensions to large rivers; however there are many that have no such association. Canyons cutting the continental slopes have been found at depths greater than 2 km below sea level. Many submarine canyons continue as submarine channels across continental rise areas and may extend for hundreds of kilometers.
ENVO
ENVO:00000267
EcoLexicon:submarine_canyon
FTT:421
Geonames:U.CNSU
Geonames:U.CNYU
SubmarineCanyon
TGN:23415
TGN:23416
canyon
canyons
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_canyon
undersea canyon
undersea ravine
Geonames:feature
canyons
A steep-sided valley on the sea floor of the continental slope. Many submarine canyons are found as extensions to large rivers; however there are many that have no such association. Canyons cutting the continental slopes have been found at depths greater than 2 km below sea level. Many submarine canyons continue as submarine channels across continental rise areas and may extend for hundreds of kilometers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_canyon
Getty:TGN
undersea ravine
Geonames:feature
canyon
NASA:earthrealm
SubmarineCanyon
Getty:TGN
undersea canyon
lake bed
ENVO
ENVO:00000268
FTT:221
FTT:804
The ground surface that lies beneath a lake.
lake
lake bottom
ADL:FTT
lake
MA:ma
The ground surface that lies beneath a lake.
land-tied island
A continental island connected to its adjacent land by a natural feature, such as a causeway.
ENVO
ENVO:00000269
FTT:147
FTT:890
Geonames:T.ISLT
TGN:21511
island
land-tied island
Geonames:feature
land-tied island
A continental island connected to its adjacent land by a natural feature, such as a causeway.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
island
beaver pond
A pond that has formed as a consequence of the activities of beavers, building a beaver dam.
ENVO
ENVO:00000270
FTT:245
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaver_pond
lake
ADL:FTT
lake
A pond that has formed as a consequence of the activities of beavers, building a beaver dam.
MA:ma
chott
A dry (salt) lake in the Saharan area of Africa that stays dry in the summer, but receive some water in the winter. This water may come as a groundwater discharge.
ENVO
ENVO:00000271
FTT:477
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chott
shott
A dry (salt) lake in the Saharan area of Africa that stays dry in the summer, but receive some water in the winter. This water may come as a groundwater discharge.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chott
confluence
ENVO
ENVO:00000272
EcoLexicon:confluence
FTT:105
FTT:531
Geonames:H.CNFL
TGN:21160
TGN:21381
The point where a tributary joins a more major river.
confluence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confluence
stream
stream junction
Getty:TGN
stream junction
The point where a tributary joins a more major river.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confluence
Geonames:feature
stream
ADL:FTT
confluence
Geonames:feature
confluence
continental slope
ENVO
ENVO:00000273
EcoLexicon:continental_slope
FTT:536
The seabed below the end of the continental shelf (the shelf break). The continental slope is much steeper than the shelf; the average angle is 3, but it can be as low as 1 or as high as 10. The slope is often cut with submarine canyons.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_slope
The seabed below the end of the continental shelf (the shelf break). The continental slope is much steeper than the shelf; the average angle is 3, but it can be as low as 1 or as high as 10. The slope is often cut with submarine canyons.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_margin
continental rise
ENVO
ENVO:00000274
FTT:534
Geonames:U.CRSU
TGN:23110
The continental rise is below the continental slope, but landward of the abyssal plains. Its gradient is intermediate between the slope and the shelf, on the order of 0.5-1. Extending as far as 500 km from the slope, it consists of thick sediments deposited by turbidity currents from the shelf and slope. Sediment cascades down the slope and accumulates as a pile of sediment at the base of the slope, called the continental rise.
continental rise
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_rise
Geonames:feature
continental rise
The continental rise is below the continental slope, but landward of the abyssal plains. Its gradient is intermediate between the slope and the shelf, on the order of 0.5-1. Extending as far as 500 km from the slope, it consists of thick sediments deposited by turbidity currents from the shelf and slope. Sediment cascades down the slope and accumulates as a pile of sediment at the base of the slope, called the continental rise.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_margin
ocean trench
ENVO
ENVO:00000275
EcoLexicon:deep_sea_trench
FTT:1021
FTT:609
FTT:610
Geonames:U.TRGU
Geonames:U.TRNU
Hemispheric-scale long but narrow topographic depressions of the sea floor. They are the deepest parts of the ocean floor.
SWEETRealm:Trench
TGN:23462
TGN:23464
Trench
deep
deep sea trench
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_trench
ocean trench
undersea trench
ADL:FTT
ocean trench
Getty:TGN
undersea trench
Hemispheric-scale long but narrow topographic depressions of the sea floor. They are the deepest parts of the ocean floor.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanic_trench
NASA:earthrealm
Trench
USGS:SDTS
deep
drumlin
An elongated whale-shaped hill formed by glacial action. Its long axis is parallel with the movement of the ice, with the blunter end facing into the glacial movement. Drumlins are sometimes compared to kames, but their formation is distinctively different. A drumlin is not originally shaped by meltwater, but by the ice itself and has a quite regular shape. It occurs in fine grained material, such as clay or shale, not in sands and gravels. And drumlins usually have concentric layers of material, as the ice successively plasters new layers in its movement.
ENVO
ENVO:00000276
EcoLexicon:drumlin
FTT:647
TGN:21411
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumlin
mount
ridge
USGS:SDTS
mount
An elongated whale-shaped hill formed by glacial action. Its long axis is parallel with the movement of the ice, with the blunter end facing into the glacial movement. Drumlins are sometimes compared to kames, but their formation is distinctively different. A drumlin is not originally shaped by meltwater, but by the ice itself and has a quite regular shape. It occurs in fine grained material, such as clay or shale, not in sands and gravels. And drumlins usually have concentric layers of material, as the ice successively plasters new layers in its movement.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumlin
USGS:SDTS
ridge
dry lake
A lake that has either permanently or temporally lost its water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000277
FTT:650
Geonames:H.LBED
SWEETRealm:DryLake
TGN:21117
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_lake
lake
lake bed
Classes like this pose a logical problem. This probably shouldn't be a lake (water body) but a depression. Lakes which have temporarily lost water should be distinguished from permanently dry lakes.
ADL:FTT
lake
A lake that has either permanently or temporally lost its water.
MA:ma
Geonames:feature
lake bed
dry stream
A stream that has either permanently or temporally lost its water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000278
FTT:105
FTT:651
Geonames:T.SBED
dry stream bed
stream
A stream that has either permanently or temporally lost its water.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
stream
Geonames:feature
dry stream bed
ADL:FTT
dry stream bed
saline pan
A flat expanse of ground covered with salt and other minerals, usually shining white under the sun. A salt pan is formed where water pools. A saline pan would be a lake or a pond if it were located in a climate where the rate of water evaporation were not faster than the rate of water precipitation, i.e., if it were not in a desert. If the water is unable to drain into the ground, it remains on the surface until it evaporates, leaving behind whatever minerals were dissolved. Over thousands of years, the minerals (usually salts) accumulate on the surface.
ENVO
ENVO:00000279
EcoLexicon:salt_pan
Geonames:L.SALT
SALT PAN
SWEETRealm:SaltFlat
TGN:21459
TGN:21506
salt area
salt flat
salt pan
Getty:TGN
salt flat
A flat expanse of ground covered with salt and other minerals, usually shining white under the sun. A salt pan is formed where water pools. A saline pan would be a lake or a pond if it were located in a climate where the rate of water evaporation were not faster than the rate of water precipitation, i.e., if it were not in a desert. If the water is unable to drain into the ground, it remains on the surface until it evaporates, leaving behind whatever minerals were dissolved. Over thousands of years, the minerals (usually salts) accumulate on the surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_pan_%28geology%29
SALT PAN
USGS:SDTS
Getty:TGN
salt area
Geonames:feature
salt area
escarpment
A transition zone between different physiogeographic provinces that involves an elevation differential, often involving high cliffs. Most commonly a transition from one series of sedimentary rocks to another series of a different age and composition. In such cases, the escarpment usually represents the line of erosional loss of the newer rock over the older.
ENVO
ENVO:00000280
EcoLexicon:scarp
FTT:490
FTT:596
Geonames:T.CUET
Geonames:T.SCRP
TGN:21489
TGN:21500
cliff
cuesta
escarpment
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escarpment
scarp
A transition zone between different physiogeographic provinces that involves an elevation differential, often involving high cliffs. Most commonly a transition from one series of sedimentary rocks to another series of a different age and composition. In such cases, the escarpment usually represents the line of erosional loss of the newer rock over the older.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escarpment
ADL:FTT
cuesta
Getty:TGN
cuesta
USGS:SDTS
cliff
Geonames:feature
cuesta
Geonames:feature
escarpment
fault escarpment
An escarpment resulting from a fault.
ENVO
ENVO:00000281
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_escarpment
An escarpment resulting from a fault.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escarpment
esker
A long, winding ridge of stratified sand and gravel which occur in glaciated and formerly glaciated regions of Europe and North America.
ENVO
ENVO:00000282
FTT:673
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esker
ridge
A long, winding ridge of stratified sand and gravel which occur in glaciated and formerly glaciated regions of Europe and North America.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esker
ADL:FTT
ridge
USGS:SDTS
ridge
ridge
A long and narrow upland with steep sides.
ENVO
ENVO:00000283
EcoLexicon:beach_cusp
EcoLexicon:crest
FTT:1176
FTT:1177
FTT:154
FTT:155
FTT:236
FTT:596
FTT:809
FTT:844
Geonames:T.RDGE
RIDGE
Ridge
SWEETRealm:Ridge
TGN:21366
TGN:21491
arete
beach cusp
beach ridge
crest
cuesta
hogback
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridge
icecap ridge
ridge
rise (seafloor)
spur
spur (physiographic)
ADL:FTT
spur (physiographic)
USGS:SDTS
crest
A long and narrow upland with steep sides.
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
arete
Geonames:feature
ridge
USGS:SDTS
arete
Getty:TGN
spur
ADL:FTT
hogback
USGS:SDTS
beach ridge
ADL:FTT
beach ridge
USGS:SDTS
cuesta
RIDGE
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
icecap ridge
USGS:SDTS
beach cusp
ADL:FTT
rise (seafloor)
NASA:earthrealm
Ridge
ADL:FTT
cuesta
quarry
An open-pit mine from which rock or minerals are extracted.
ENVO
ENVO:00000284
EcoLexicon:quarry
FTT:14
FTT:974
Geonames:S.MNQR
TGN:54217
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarry
An open-pit mine from which rock or minerals are extracted.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarry
quicksand area
A bed of loose sand mixed with water forming a soft, shifting mass that yields easily to pressure.
ENVO
ENVO:00000285
EcoLexicon:quicksand
FTT:206
FTT:207
Geonames:L.QCKS
QUICKSAND
TGN:21503
bar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quicksand
quicksand
quicksand
QUICKSAND
USGS:SDTS
A bed of loose sand mixed with water forming a soft, shifting mass that yields easily to pressure.
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
quicksand
ADL:FTT
bar
polder
An area reclaimed from the sea by diking and draining.
ENVO
ENVO:00000286
EcoLexicon:polder
FTT:1070
FTT:96
Geonames:T.PLDR
TGN:21522
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polder
physiographic feature
polder
ADL:FTT
physiographic feature
Geonames:feature
polder
An area reclaimed from the sea by diking and draining.
Geonames:feature
butte
An isolated hill with steep sides and a small flat top, smaller than mesas and plateaus. Buttes are formed by erosion when a cap of hard rock, usually of volcanic origin, covers a layer of softer rock that is easily worn away. This hard rock avoids erosion while the rock around it wears down.
ENVO
ENVO:00000287
FTT:376
Geonames:T.BUTE
SWEETRealm:Butte
TGN:21443
butte
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte
plateau
Geonames:feature
butte
ADL:FTT
An isolated hill with steep sides and a small flat top, smaller than mesas and plateaus. Buttes are formed by erosion when a cap of hard rock, usually of volcanic origin, covers a layer of softer rock that is easily worn away. This hard rock avoids erosion while the rock around it wears down.
USGS:SDTS
plateau
cotton plantation
ENVO
ENVO:00000288
FTT:45
FTT:53
Geonames:ESTC
agricultural site
cotton plantation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_plantation
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
Geonames:feature
cotton plantation
horst
ENVO
ENVO:00000289
The raised fault block bounded by normal faults. The raised block is a portion of the Earth's crust that has remained stationary while the land has sunk on either side of it or has been crushed by a mountain range against it.
The raised fault block bounded by normal faults. The raised block is a portion of the Earth's crust that has remained stationary while the land has sunk on either side of it or has been crushed by a mountain range against it.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horst_%28geology%29
graben
A depressed block of land bordered by parallel faults. A graben is the result of a block of land being downthrown producing a valley with a distinct scarp on each side. Grabens often occur side-by-side with horsts. Horst and graben structures are indicative of tensional forces and crustal stretching.
ENVO
ENVO:00000290
FTT:682
SWEETRealm:FaultZone
fault zone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graben
ADL:FTT
fault zone
A depressed block of land bordered by parallel faults. A graben is the result of a block of land being downthrown producing a valley with a distinct scarp on each side. Grabens often occur side-by-side with horsts. Horst and graben structures are indicative of tensional forces and crustal stretching.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graben
drainage basin
An extent or area of land where surface water from rain and melting snow or ice converges to a single point at lower elevation, usually the exit of the basin, where the waters join another waterbody.
Basin
CATCHMENT
Catchment
ENVO
ENVO:00000291
EcoLexicon:basin
EcoLexicon:drainage_basin
FTT:220
FTT:440
Geonames:L.BSND
LTER:58
SWEETRealm:DrainageBasin
TGN:21455
Watershed
catchment
drainage basin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_basin
watershed
Geonames:feature
drainage basin
CATCHMENT
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
catchment
ADL:FTT
watershed
Catchment
NASA:earthrealm
USGS:SDTS
catchment
NASA:earthrealm
Watershed
Basin
NASA:earthrealm
An extent or area of land where surface water from rain and melting snow or ice converges to a single point at lower elevation, usually the exit of the basin, where the waters join another waterbody.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_basin
watershed
ENVO
ENVO:00000292
FTT:220
FTT:645
Geonames:T.DVD
LTER:626
RIDGE LINE
SWEETRealm:Watershed
TGN:21440
The separation between neighbouring drainage basins (catchments). In hilly country, the divide lies along topographical peaks and ridges, but in flat country or on a high plateau (especially where the ground is marshy) the divide may be invisible - just a more or less notional line on the ground on either side of which falling raindrops will start a journey to different rivers, and even to different sides of a country or continent.
divide
divide
drainage basin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watershed
water divide
The separation between neighbouring drainage basins (catchments). In hilly country, the divide lies along topographical peaks and ridges, but in flat country or on a high plateau (especially where the ground is marshy) the divide may be invisible - just a more or less notional line on the ground on either side of which falling raindrops will start a journey to different rivers, and even to different sides of a country or continent.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_divide
ADL:FTT
drainage basin
Getty:TGN
divide
RIDGE LINE
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
divide
continental divide
A watershed such that water falling on one side of the line eventually travels to one ocean or body of water, and water on the other side travels to another, generally on the opposite side of the continent.
ENVO
ENVO:00000293
FTT:533
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_divide
A watershed such that water falling on one side of the line eventually travels to one ocean or body of water, and water on the other side travels to another, generally on the opposite side of the continent.
MA:ma
fish farm
A facility in which fish are raised commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food.
ENVO
ENVO:00000294
FTT:123
FTT:694
aquacultural site
fishery
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_farm
A facility in which fish are raised commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_farm
ADL:FTT
aquacultural site
ADL:FTT
fishery
fish hatchery
A facility where eggs of fish are hatched under artificial conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:00000295
FTT:695
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_hatchery
A facility where eggs of fish are hatched under artificial conditions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatchery
rice field
A paddy field for the cultivation of rice.
ENVO
ENVO:00000296
FTT:45
FTT:70
agricultural site
cropland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_field
rice paddy
A paddy field for the cultivation of rice.
MA:ma
USGS:SDTS
cropland
ADL:FTT
agricultural site
paddy field
A flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice and other semiaquatic crops.
ENVO
ENVO:00000297
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddy_field
A flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice and other semiaquatic crops.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_paddy
iceberg
A large mass of detached land ice in the sea or stranded in shallow water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000298
EcoLexicon:iceberg
FTT:758
FTT:838
ICEBERG
IceFloe
Iceberg
SWEETRealm:Iceberg
TGN:21142
arched iceberg
barrier iceberg
floeberg
glacial berg
glacial iceberg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceberg
ice mass
iceberg
IceFloe
NASA:earthrealm
USGS:SDTS
glacial berg
A large mass of detached land ice in the sea or stranded in shallow water.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
barrier iceberg
iceberg
A large mass of detached land ice floating in the sea or stranded in shallow water. (Source: MGH)
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/4132
USGS:SDTS
glacial iceberg
USGS:SDTS
arched iceberg
Iceberg
NASA:earthrealm
ADL:FTT
ice mass
ICEBERG
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
floeberg
ice field
A field of ice, formed in regions of perennial frost.
ENVO
ENVO:00000299
FTT:758
FTT:835
FTT:836
FTT:837
FTT:838
FTT:839
FTT:840
FTT:841
FTT:842
Ice mass may need to be resolved from ice field, the former referring simply to an accumulation of ice.
IceSheet
SWEETRealm:IceField
TGN:21147
ice field
ice patch
ice sheet
iceberg
icecap
icefall
ADL:FTT
iceberg
ADL:FTT
ice patch
ADL:FTT
ice sheet
A field of ice, formed in regions of perennial frost.
ADL:FTT
ADL:FTT
icecap
ADL:FTT
icefall
IceSheet
NASA:earthrealm
ADL:FTT
ice field
scrubland
Area covered with low-growing or stunted perennial vegetation and usually not mixed with trees.
ENVO
ENVO:00000300
FTT:1191
FTT:262
FTT:374
FTT:473
FTT:792
FTT:991
Geonames:V.SCRB
SWEETRealm:Scrub
TGN:21644
TGN:21652
bush
chaparal area
heath
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrubland
moor
scrub
scrubland
shrubland
ADL:FTT
chaparal area
ADL:FTT
bush
USGS:SDTS
shrubland
ADL:FTT
shrubland
ADL:FTT
heath
Getty:TGN
bush
ADL:FTT
Area covered with low-growing or stunted perennial vegetation and usually not mixed with trees.
Geonames:feature
scrubland
ADL:FTT
moor
USGS:SDTS
scrub
chaparral
A shrubland area found primarily in regions with a Mediterranean climate (mid, wet winters and hot dry summers) often shaped by wildfires.
ENVO
ENVO:00000301
FTT:473
SPIRE:Chaparral
chaparal area
maquis
woodland
A shrubland area found primarily in regions with a Mediterranean climate (mid, wet winters and hot dry summers) often shaped by wildfires.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaparral
USGS:SDTS
woodland
ADL:FTT
chaparal area
USGS:SDTS
maquis
rift valley
A valley created by the formation of a rift, i.e. place where the Earth's crust and lithosphere are being pulled apart by tectonic forces.
ENVO
ENVO:00000302
FTT:684
RiftValley
SWEETRealm:RiftValley
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rift_valley
rift zone
valley
USGS:SDTS
valley
ADL:FTT
rift zone
A valley created by the formation of a rift, i.e. place where the Earth's crust and lithosphere are being pulled apart by tectonic forces.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rift_valley
NASA:earthrealm
RiftValley
sea coast
ENVO
ENVO:00000303
EcoLexicon:coast
EcoLexicon:sea_coast
FTT:500
Geonames:L.CST
SPIRE:Coastal
SPIRE:Littoral
SWEETRealm:CoastalRegion
TGN:21483
The general region of indefinite width that extends from the sea inland to the first major change in terrain features.
coast line
coastal area
coastline
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coast
The general region of indefinite width that extends from the sea inland to the first major change in terrain features.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
coastline
USGS:SDTS
coastal area
shore
ENVO
ENVO:00000304
EcoLexicon:shore
FTT:240
FTT:503
FTT:504
Geonames:T.SHOR
SHORE
SWEETRealm:Shore
TGN:21481
That part of the land in immediate contact with a body of water including the area between high and low water lines.
beach face
coastal zone
foreshore
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shore
inshore
rivage
seashore
shore
shoreface
strand
Geonames:feature
shore
USGS:SDTS
beach face
USGS:SDTS
seashore
USGS:SDTS
rivage
USGS:SDTS
inshore
USGS:SDTS
foreshore
USGS:SDTS
strand
SHORE
USGS:SDTS
That part of the land in immediate contact with a body of water including the area between high and low water lines.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
shoreface
ADL:FTT
coastal zone
peninsula
A body of land jutting out into and nearly surrounded by water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000305
EcoLexicon:peninsula
FTT:253
FTT:422
FTT:423
FTT:424
FTT:425
Geonames:T.CAPE
Geonames:T.HDLD
Geonames:T.PEN
Geonames:T.PROM
Geonames:T.PT
Geonames:T.PTS
PENINSULA
SWEETRealm:Point
TGN:21462
TGN:21463
TGN:21464
TGN:21476
TGN:21477
cape
foreland
head
headland
hook
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsula
neck
ness
peninsula
point
point (physiographic)
points
promontgory
promontory
tongue
winged headland
Getty:TGN
point
USGS:SDTS
head
ADL:FTT
cape
Geonames:feature
point
Geonames:feature
peninsula
Getty:TGN
promontory
A body of land jutting out into and nearly surrounded by water.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
foreland
Getty:TGN
cape
USGS:SDTS
headland
USGS:SDTS
point
Geonames:feature
points
PENINSULA
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
headland
Getty:TGN
headland
USGS:SDTS
winged headland
USGS:SDTS
tongue
USGS:SDTS
hook
ADL:FTT
headland
USGS:SDTS
promontory
Geonames:feature
promontgory
ADL:FTT
point (physiographic)
USGS:SDTS
neck
Geonames:feature
cape
spit
A deposition landform found off coasts. A spit is a type of bar or beach that develops where a re-entrant occurs, such as at a cove, bay, ria, or river mouth. Spits are formed by the movement of sediment (typically sand) along a shore by a process known as longshore drift. Where the direction of the shore turns inland (reenters) the longshore current spreads out or dissipates. No longer able to carry the full load, much of the sediment is dropped. This causes a bar to build out from the shore, eventually becoming a spit.
ENVO
ENVO:00000306
EcoLexicon:spit
FTT:210
Geonames:T.SPIT
SWEETRealm:Spit
TGN:21465
bar
spit
A deposition landform found off coasts. A spit is a type of bar or beach that develops where a re-entrant occurs, such as at a cove, bay, ria, or river mouth. Spits are formed by the movement of sediment (typically sand) along a shore by a process known as longshore drift. Where the direction of the shore turns inland (reenters) the longshore current spreads out or dissipates. No longer able to carry the full load, much of the sediment is dropped. This causes a bar to build out from the shore, eventually becoming a spit.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spit_%28landform%29
Geonames:feature
spit
USGS:SDTS
bar
icefall
A portion of a glacier characterized by rapid flow and a chaotic crevassed surface.
ENVO
ENVO:00000307
FTT:758
FTT:842
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icefall
ice mass
A portion of a glacier characterized by rapid flow and a chaotic crevassed surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icefall
ADL:FTT
ice mass
dune slack
A valley or trough between two dunes.
ENVO
ENVO:00000308
FTT:652
Geonames:T.TRGD
interdune trough
A valley or trough between two dunes.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
interdune trough
Geonames:feature
interdune trough
depression
A landform sunken or depressed below the surrounding area.
BASIN
ENVO
ENVO:00000309
EcoLexicon:depression
FTT:175
FTT:215
FTT:216
Geonames:T.DPR
Geonames:T.PAN
Geonames:T.PANS
SWEETRealm:Depression
TGN:21454
TGN:21497
TGN:21521
barrier basin
basin
cauldron
depression
non tidal basin
pan
pan (geologic)
pans
tidal basin
Geonames:feature
pans
Getty:TGN
pan
Geonames:feature
depression
ADL:FTT
pan (geologic)
BASIN
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
non tidal basin
Getty:TGN
basin
ADL:FTT
basin
USGS:SDTS
tidal basin
A landform sunken or depressed below the surrounding area.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depression_%28geology%29
USGS:SDTS
cauldron
Geonames:feature
pan
USGS:SDTS
barrier basin
impact crater
A crater caused by the impact of a meteor.
ENVO
ENVO:00000310
SWEETRealm:ImpactCrater
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_crater
A crater caused by the impact of a meteor.
MA:ma
kettle
A fluvioglacial landform occurring as the result of blocks of ice calving from the front of a receding glacier and becoming partially to wholly buried by glacial outwash. Glacial outwash is generated when sediment laden streams of meltwater flow away from the glacier and are deposited to form broad outwash plains called sandurs. When the ice blocks melt, holes are left in the sandur.
ENVO
ENVO:00000311
basin
kettle hole
USGS:SDTS
basin
A fluvioglacial landform occurring as the result of blocks of ice calving from the front of a receding glacier and becoming partially to wholly buried by glacial outwash. Glacial outwash is generated when sediment laden streams of meltwater flow away from the glacier and are deposited to form broad outwash plains called sandurs. When the ice blocks melt, holes are left in the sandur.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kettle_%28geology%29
sandur
ENVO
ENVO:00000312
The plain formed by the large amounts of silt and sediment, picked up as a glacier erodes the underlying rocks as it moves slowly downhill, and at the snout of the glacier, meltwater can carry this sediment away from the glacier and deposit it on a broad plain. The material in the outwash plain is often size-sorted by the water runoff of the melting glacier with the finest materials, like silt, being the most distantly re-deposited, whereas larger boulders are the closest to the original terminus of the glacier.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandur
outwash plain
The plain formed by the large amounts of silt and sediment, picked up as a glacier erodes the underlying rocks as it moves slowly downhill, and at the snout of the glacier, meltwater can carry this sediment away from the glacier and deposit it on a broad plain. The material in the outwash plain is often size-sorted by the water runoff of the melting glacier with the finest materials, like silt, being the most distantly re-deposited, whereas larger boulders are the closest to the original terminus of the glacier.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandur
blowout
A sandy depression in a sand dune ecosystem (psammosere) caused by the removal of sediments by wind.
ENVO
ENVO:00000313
EcoLexicon:blowout
FTT:267
Geonames:T.BLOW
TGN:21448
blowout
A sandy depression in a sand dune ecosystem (psammosere) caused by the removal of sediments by wind.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blowout_%28geology%29
Geonames:feature
blowout
alluvial fan
A fan-shaped deposit formed where a fast flowing stream flattens, slows, and spreads typically at the exit of a canyon onto a flatter plain.
ENVO
ENVO:00000314
EcoLexicon:alluvial_fan
FTT:94
FTT:95
Geonames:T.FAN
SWEETRealm:AlluvialFan
TGN:21421
fan
fan (alluvial)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_fan
ADL:FTT
fan (alluvial)
Geonames:feature
fan
A fan-shaped deposit formed where a fast flowing stream flattens, slows, and spreads typically at the exit of a canyon onto a flatter plain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_fan
bajada
A convergence of neighboring alluvial fans into a single apron of deposits against a slope.
ENVO
ENVO:00000315
FTT:188
FTT:191
SWEETRealm:Bajada
desert
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajada
A convergence of neighboring alluvial fans into a single apron of deposits against a slope.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_fan
ADL:FTT
desert
intertidal zone
ENVO
ENVO:00000316
EcoLexicon:intertidal_zone
FTT:240
FTT:501
IntertidalZone
SPIRE:Intertidal
SWEETRealm:IntertidalZone
The area of the foreshore and seabed that is exposed to the air at low tide and submerged at high tide, i.e., the area between tide marks.
Very similar to the "marine eulittoral zone" class, but without reference to seasonal tide marks. Some sources make no distinction between these zones, thus, they are currently related synonyms.
coastal zone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intertidal_zone
littoral zone
IntertidalZone
NASA:earthrealm
The area of the foreshore and seabed that is exposed to the air at low tide and submerged at high tide, i.e., the area between tide marks.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intertidal_zone
tidal pool
ENVO
ENVO:00000317
EcoLexicon:tidal_pool
Pools formed as a high tide comes in over a rocky shore. Water fills depressions in the ground, which turn into isolated pools as the tide retreats.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_pool
Pools formed as a high tide comes in over a rocky shore. Water fills depressions in the ground, which turn into isolated pools as the tide retreats.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tide_pool
high tide zone
ENVO
ENVO:00000318
The tide zone that is flooded during high tide only, and is a highly saline environment.
upper littoral
The tide zone that is flooded during high tide only, and is a highly saline environment.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intertidal_zone
low tide zone
ENVO
ENVO:00000319
The tidal zone that is mostly submerged, only being exposed at the point of low tide and for a longer period of time during extremely low tides.
lower littoral
The tidal zone that is mostly submerged, only being exposed at the point of low tide and for a longer period of time during extremely low tides.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intertidal_zone
crevasse
A deep fissure in snow or ice.
CREVASSE
ENVO
ENVO:00000320
FTT:489
FTT:594
FTT:702
Geonames:T.FSR
TGN:21415
TGN:21416
cleft
fissure
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crevasse
Getty:TGN
fissure
A deep fissure in snow or ice.
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
cleft
Getty:TGN
cleft
CREVASSE
USGS:SDTS
joint-plane cave
A cavity developed along a joint and elongate in cross-section.
ENVO
ENVO:00000321
A cavity developed along a joint and elongate in cross-section.
wiki:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
volcanic cave
"Lave cave" is differentiated from "volcanic cave": the former is formed in volcanic rock, the latter is formed by volcanic processes.
A cave formed in volcanic rock.
ENVO
ENVO:00000322
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_cave
lava cave
A cave formed in volcanic rock.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
live cave
A cave containing a stream or active speleothems.
ENVO
ENVO:00000323
A cave containing a stream or active speleothems.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
outflow cave
A cave from which a stream flows or formerly did so and which cannot be followed upstream to the surface.
ENVO
ENVO:00000324
A cave from which a stream flows or formerly did so and which cannot be followed upstream to the surface.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
polje
A large closed depression draining underground, witha flat floor across which there may be an intermittent or perennial stream and which may be liable to flood and become a lake. The floor makes a sharp break with parts of surrounding slopes.
ENVO
ENVO:00000325
EcoLexicon:polje
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polje
A large closed depression draining underground, witha flat floor across which there may be an intermittent or perennial stream and which may be liable to flood and become a lake. The floor makes a sharp break with parts of surrounding slopes.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
sea cave
A cave in present-day or emerged sea cliffs, formed by wave attack or solution.
ENVO
ENVO:00000326
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_cave
A cave in present-day or emerged sea cliffs, formed by wave attack or solution.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
speleothem
A secondary mineral deposit formed in caves, most commonly calcite.
ENVO
ENVO:00000327
EcoLexicon:speleothem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speleothem
A secondary mineral deposit formed in caves, most commonly calcite.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speleothem
vadose zone
A zone beneath the land surface and above the level of permanent groundwater or phreatic zone in which water has a hydraulic head less than atmospheric pressure and is retained by a combination of adhesion and capillary action.
ENVO
ENVO:00000328
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ If the vadose zone envelops soil, the water contained therein is termed soil moisture. In fine grained soils, capillary action can cause the pores of the soil to be fully saturated above the water table at a pressure less than atmospheric. In such soils, therefore, the unsaturated zone is the upper section of the vadose zone and not identical to it.
unsaturated zone
A zone beneath the land surface and above the level of permanent groundwater or phreatic zone in which water has a hydraulic head less than atmospheric pressure and is retained by a combination of adhesion and capillary action.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vadose_zone
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vadose_zone
unsaturated zone
phreatic zone
A zone beneath the land surface in which all interstices are filled with water. Water in the phreatic zone has a hydraulic head greater than atmospheric pressure due to the weight of overlying groundwater.
ENVO
ENVO:00000329
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phreatic_zone
zone of saturation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phreatic_zone
zone of saturation
A zone beneath the land surface in which all interstices are filled with water. Water in the phreatic zone has a hydraulic head greater than atmospheric pressure due to the weight of overlying groundwater.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phreatic_zone
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
stalagmite
A speleothem projecting vertically upwards from a cave floor and formed by precipitation from drips.
ENVO
ENVO:00000330
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalagmite
A speleothem projecting vertically upwards from a cave floor and formed by precipitation from drips.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
stalactite
A speleothem hanging downwards from a roof or wall, of cylindrical or conical form, usually with a central hollow tube.
ENVO
ENVO:00000331
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalactite
A speleothem hanging downwards from a roof or wall, of cylindrical or conical form, usually with a central hollow tube.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
doline
A closed depression draining underground in karst, of simple but variable form, e.g. cylindrical, conical, bowl- or dish-shaped. From a few to many hundreds of metres in dimensions.
ENVO
ENVO:00000332
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doline
A closed depression draining underground in karst, of simple but variable form, e.g. cylindrical, conical, bowl- or dish-shaped. From a few to many hundreds of metres in dimensions.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
subjacent karst
ENVO
ENVO:00000333
Karst developed in soluble beds underlying other rock formations; the surface may or may not be affected by the karst development.
Karst developed in soluble beds underlying other rock formations; the surface may or may not be affected by the karst development.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
syngenetic karst
ENVO
ENVO:00000334
Karst developed in eolian calcarenite when the development of karst features has taken place at the same time as the lithification of dune sand.
Karst developed in eolian calcarenite when the development of karst features has taken place at the same time as the lithification of dune sand.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
polygonal karst
ENVO
ENVO:00000335
Karst completely pitted by closed depressions so that divides between them form a crudely polygonal network.
Karst completely pitted by closed depressions so that divides between them form a crudely polygonal network.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
doline karst
ENVO
ENVO:00000336
Karst dominated by closed depressions, chiefly dolines, perforating a simple surface.
Karst dominated by closed depressions, chiefly dolines, perforating a simple surface.
web:http://wasg.iinet.net.au/terminol.html
obsolete orange juice
Added for compatibility with GEMINA.
ENVO
ENVO:00000337
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_juice
true
vomit
ENVO
ENVO:00000338
Vomit is a bodily fluid consisting of the expulsed contents of the stomach of an organism disgorged through the mouth or nose.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vomit
ENVOC:nm
GEMINA:ls
Vomit is a bodily fluid consisting of the expulsed contents of the stomach of an organism disgorged through the mouth or nose.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vomit
piece of rock
An abiotic mesoscopic feature made of the mineral material of the crust of the Earth.
ENVO
ENVO:00000339
FTT:1010
FTT:145
Geonames:T.RK
Geonames:T.RKS
TGN:21444
An abiotic mesoscopic feature made of the mineral material of the crust of the Earth.
MA:ma
grain of sand
ENVO
ENVO:00000340
piece of gravel
A piece of rock that is two millimeters (2mm) in its largest dimension (about 1/12 of an inch) and no more than 75 millimeters (about 3 inches).
ENVO
ENVO:00000341
A piece of rock that is two millimeters (2mm) in its largest dimension (about 1/12 of an inch) and no more than 75 millimeters (about 3 inches).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravel
ice cap dome
A comparatively elevated area on an icecap.
ENVO
ENVO:00000342
FTT:758
FTT:840
Geonames:H.DOMG
TGN:21144
ice mass
icecap dome
icecap dome
A comparatively elevated area on an icecap.
Geonames:feature
ADL:FTT
ice mass
ADL:FTT
icecap dome
Geonames:feature
icecap dome
particle of silt
ENVO
ENVO:00000343
grain of desert sand
ENVO
ENVO:00000344
grain of beach sand
ENVO
ENVO:00000345
grain of acid dune sand
ENVO
ENVO:00000346
grain of sea sand
ENVO
ENVO:00000347
grain of rocky sand
ENVO
ENVO:00000348
terrarium
ENVO
ENVO:00000349
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrarium
A terrarium is a vivarium which simulates a terrestrial environment.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivarium
A terrarium is a vivarium which simulates a terrestrial environment.
somma volcano
A volcanic caldera that has been partially filled by a new central cone.
ENVO
ENVO:00000350
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somma_volcano
This may be more a subclass of 'caldera'
A volcanic caldera that has been partially filled by a new central cone.
wiki:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somma
volcanic arc
A chain of volcanic islands or mountains formed by plate tectonics as an oceanic tectonic plate subducts under another tectonic plate and produces magma.
ENVO
ENVO:00000351
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_arc
A chain of volcanic islands or mountains formed by plate tectonics as an oceanic tectonic plate subducts under another tectonic plate and produces magma.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_arc
continental arc
A volcanic arc formed by the subduction of oceanic crust below continental crust.
ENVO
ENVO:00000352
A volcanic arc formed by the subduction of oceanic crust below continental crust.
wiki:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_arc
island arc
A volcanic arc formed by the subduction of oceanic crust other oceanic crust on an adjacent tectonic plate.
ENVO
ENVO:00000353
EcoLexicon:island_arc
SWEETRealm:IslandArc
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island_arc
A volcanic arc formed by the subduction of oceanic crust other oceanic crust on an adjacent tectonic plate.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_arc
volcanic field
A region of the earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity.
ENVO
ENVO:00000354
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_field
volcanic complex
volcanic group
volcanic system
A region of the earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_field
monogenetic volcanic field
A volcanic field of small, scattered volcanic vents. These volcanic fields, containing numerous monogenetic volcanoes, are noted for having only one short eruptive event. Monogenetic fields occur only where the magma supply to the volcano is low or where vents are not close enough or large enough to develop plumbing systems for continuous feeding of magma.
ENVO
ENVO:00000355
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogenetic_volcanic_field
A volcanic field of small, scattered volcanic vents. These volcanic fields, containing numerous monogenetic volcanoes, are noted for having only one short eruptive event. Monogenetic fields occur only where the magma supply to the volcano is low or where vents are not close enough or large enough to develop plumbing systems for continuous feeding of magma.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogenetic_volcanic_field
pyroclastic cone
A cone made of material ejected from a volcano. The material can range from finest particles. In comparison, cinder cones are more uniform. They are usually found in or on larger features, such as stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes and can be found inside calderas, however they can also be an independent feature. They can range from a few metres in height and are usually formed by a single eruption.
ENVO
ENVO:00000356
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyroclastic_cone
pyroclastic dome
A cone made of material ejected from a volcano. The material can range from finest particles. In comparison, cinder cones are more uniform. They are usually found in or on larger features, such as stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes and can be found inside calderas, however they can also be an independent feature. They can range from a few metres in height and are usually formed by a single eruption.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyroclastic_cone
lock
A device for raising and lowering boats between stretches of water of different levels on river and canal waterways. The distinguishing feature of a lock is a fixed chamber whose water level can be varied.
ENVO
ENVO:00000357
EcoLexicon:lock
A device for raising and lowering boats between stretches of water of different levels on river and canal waterways. The distinguishing feature of a lock is a fixed chamber whose water level can be varied.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_%28water_transport%29
protected area
An area of land and/or a body of water especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed through legal or other effective means.
ENVO
ENVO:00000358
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protected_area
An area of land and/or a body of water especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed through legal or other effective means.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protected_area
natural monument
A natural/cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities or cultural significance.
ENVO
ENVO:00000359
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_monument
A natural/cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities or cultural significance.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_Monument
national forest
A protected forest or woodland area in the United States. National forests are controlled by the federal government and managed by the United States Forest Service, under the direction of the United States Department of Agriculture.
ENVO
ENVO:00000360
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_forest
A protected forest or woodland area in the United States. National forests are controlled by the federal government and managed by the United States Forest Service, under the direction of the United States Department of Agriculture.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Forest
site of special scientific interest
A conservation designation denoting a protected area in the United Kingdom. SSSIs are the basic 'building block' of nature conservation legislation and most other legal nature/geological conservation designations are based upon them, including National Nature Reserves, Ramsar Sites, Special Protection Areas, and Special Areas of Conservation.
Area of Special Scientific Interest
ENVO
ENVO:00000361
SSSI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site_of_special_scientific_interest
A conservation designation denoting a protected area in the United Kingdom. SSSIs are the basic 'building block' of nature conservation legislation and most other legal nature/geological conservation designations are based upon them, including National Nature Reserves, Ramsar Sites, Special Protection Areas, and Special Areas of Conservation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSSI
marine park
A protected area of the sea usually established to preserve a specific habitat and ensure the ecosystem is sustained for the organisms that exist there. Most marine parks are designated by governments, and organized like watery national parks.
ENVO
ENVO:00000362
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_park
A protected area of the sea usually established to preserve a specific habitat and ensure the ecosystem is sustained for the organisms that exist there. Most marine parks are designated by governments, and organized like watery national parks.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_park
nature reserve
A protected area of importance for wildlife, flora, fauna or features of geological or other special interest, which is reserved and managed for conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research. Nature reserves may be designated by government institutions in some countries, such as the United Kingdom, or by private landowners, such as charities and research institutions, regardless of nationality.
ENVO
ENVO:00000363
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_reserve
natural preserve
natural reserve
nature preserve
A protected area of importance for wildlife, flora, fauna or features of geological or other special interest, which is reserved and managed for conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research. Nature reserves may be designated by government institutions in some countries, such as the United Kingdom, or by private landowners, such as charities and research institutions, regardless of nationality.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_reserve
national wildlife refuge
A designation for certain protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The National Wildlife Refuge system is a network of lands and waters managed to protect wildlife and wildlife habitat.
ENVO
ENVO:00000364
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_wildlife_refuge
A designation for certain protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The National Wildlife Refuge system is a network of lands and waters managed to protect wildlife and wildlife habitat.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Wildlife_Refuge
ramsar site
A wetland protected by the terms of the Ramsar Convention (The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as Waterfowl Habitat).
ENVO
ENVO:00000365
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramsar_site
A wetland protected by the terms of the Ramsar Convention (The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as Waterfowl Habitat).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramsar_Convention
national nature reserve
A United Kingdom government conservation designation for a nature reserve of national significance for biological or earth science interest.
ENVO
ENVO:00000366
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_nature_reserve
A United Kingdom government conservation designation for a nature reserve of national significance for biological or earth science interest.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Nature_Reserve
national park
A reserve of land, usually, but not always declared and owned by a national government, protected from most human development and pollution. National parks are a protected area of IUCN category II.
ENVO
ENVO:00000367
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_park
A reserve of land, usually, but not always declared and owned by a national government, protected from most human development and pollution. National parks are a protected area of IUCN category II.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_park
ephemeral island
An island, usually the consequence of the activity of a submarine volcano, that only exists for a short period or short periods of time after its formation, then being eroded or otherwise disappearing beneath the surface of a body of water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000368
An island, usually the consequence of the activity of a submarine volcano, that only exists for a short period or short periods of time after its formation, then being eroded or otherwise disappearing beneath the surface of a body of water.
MA:ma
brine pool
ENVO
ENVO:00000369
ENVO:01000060
MERGED DEFINITION:
TARGET DEFINITION: A large area of brine on the ocean basin near cold seep vents which release methane into the water. These pools are concentrations of water having an extremely high salinity as compared to the surrounding ocean, caused by the motion of large salt deposits through salt tectonics.
--------------------
SOURCE DEFINITION: Marine brine pools are large areas of brine on the ocean basin. These pools are bodies of water that have a salinity three to five times greater than the surrounding ocean. For deep-sea brine pools the source of the salt is the dissolution of large salt deposits through salt tectonics. The brine often contains high concentrations of methane, providing energy to chemosynthetic animals that live near the pool.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brine_pool
marine brine pool
MERGED DEFINITION:
TARGET DEFINITION: A large area of brine on the ocean basin near cold seep vents which release methane into the water. These pools are concentrations of water having an extremely high salinity as compared to the surrounding ocean, caused by the motion of large salt deposits through salt tectonics.
--------------------
SOURCE DEFINITION: Marine brine pools are large areas of brine on the ocean basin. These pools are bodies of water that have a salinity three to five times greater than the surrounding ocean. For deep-sea brine pools the source of the salt is the dissolution of large salt deposits through salt tectonics. The brine often contains high concentrations of methane, providing energy to chemosynthetic animals that live near the pool.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brine_pool
tuya
A distinctive, flat-topped, steep-sided volcano formed when lava erupts through a thick glacier or ice sheet.
ENVO
ENVO:00000370
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuya
A distinctive, flat-topped, steep-sided volcano formed when lava erupts through a thick glacier or ice sheet.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuya
complex volcano
A volcano with more than one feature. They form because changes of their eruptive characteristics or the location of multiple vents in an area. Stratovolcanoes may form complex volcanoes, because they may overlap another from explosive eruptions, lava flows, pyroclastic flows and by repeated eruptions, to make multiple summits and vents. Stratovolcanoes could also form a large caldera that gets filled in by multiple small cinder cones, lava domes and craters may also develop on the caldera's rim.
ENVO
ENVO:00000371
compound volcano
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_volcano
A volcano with more than one feature. They form because changes of their eruptive characteristics or the location of multiple vents in an area. Stratovolcanoes may form complex volcanoes, because they may overlap another from explosive eruptions, lava flows, pyroclastic flows and by repeated eruptions, to make multiple summits and vents. Stratovolcanoes could also form a large caldera that gets filled in by multiple small cinder cones, lava domes and craters may also develop on the caldera's rim.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_volcano
pyroclastic shield volcano
A shield volcano that is formed mostly of pyroclastic and highly explosive eruptions rather than relatively fluid basaltic lava issuing from vents or fissures on the surface of the volcano. They typically display low-angle flank slopes and have little or no central collapse, although a shallow sag in the shield is commonly observed. Lava is commonly extruded after the cessation of explosive activity commonly superposes the vent region.
ENVO
ENVO:00000372
terrestrial ignimbrite shield
ignimbrite shield volcano
A shield volcano that is formed mostly of pyroclastic and highly explosive eruptions rather than relatively fluid basaltic lava issuing from vents or fissures on the surface of the volcano. They typically display low-angle flank slopes and have little or no central collapse, although a shallow sag in the shield is commonly observed. Lava is commonly extruded after the cessation of explosive activity commonly superposes the vent region.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyroclastic_shield
geothermal field
An area where wells can be drilled to obtain elements contained in solution in hot brines or to tap heat energy.
ENVO
ENVO:00000373
An area where wells can be drilled to obtain elements contained in solution in hot brines or to tap heat energy.
wiki:http://www.webref.org/geology/g/geothermal_field.htm
wildlife management area
A protected area with the purpose of protecting and managing wild life.
ENVO
ENVO:00000374
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife_management_area
A protected area with the purpose of protecting and managing wild life.
MA:ma
world heritage site
A protected area that is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.
ENVO
ENVO:00000375
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_heritage_site
A protected area that is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_heritage_site
biosphere reserve
An international conservation designation given by UNESCO under its Programme on Man and the Biosphere (MAB).
ENVO
ENVO:00000376
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosphere_reserve
An international conservation designation given by UNESCO under its Programme on Man and the Biosphere (MAB).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosphere_reserve
artificial lake
A lake purposefully constructed.
ENVO
ENVO:00000377
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_lake
A lake purposefully constructed.
MA:ma
canal head reservoir
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of maintaining water levels in a canal or canals.
ENVO
ENVO:00000378
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of maintaining water levels in a canal or canals.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservoir
ice shelf
A thick, floating platform of ice that forms where a glacier or ice mass flows down to a coastline and onto the ocean surface.
ENVO
ENVO:00000380
SWEETRealm:IceShelf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_shelf
A thick, floating platform of ice that forms where a glacier or ice mass flows down to a coastline and onto the ocean surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_shelf
massif
A section of the Earths's crust that is demarcated by faults or flexures. In the movement of the crust, a massif tends to retain its internal structure while being displaced as a whole.
ENVO
ENVO:00000381
EcoLexicon:massif
FTT:946
TGN:21435
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massif
A section of the Earths's crust that is demarcated by faults or flexures. In the movement of the crust, a massif tends to retain its internal structure while being displaced as a whole.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massif
lake shore
ENVO
ENVO:00000382
TGN:21484
That part of the land in immediate contact with a lake.
lakeshore
MA:ma
That part of the land in immediate contact with a lake.
Getty:TGN
lakeshore
stream bed
ENVO
ENVO:00000383
FTT:651
Geonames:H.STMB
TGN:21165
The channel bottom of a stream; the physical confine of the normal water flow.
dry stream bed
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream_bed
stream bed
stream bottom
stream channel
Getty:TGN
stream channel
Geonames:feature
stream bed
ADL:FTT
dry stream bed
USGS:SDTS
stream channel
The channel bottom of a stream; the physical confine of the normal water flow.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream_bed
river bed
ENVO
ENVO:00000384
EcoLexicon:river_bed_structure
SWEETRealm:RiverBed
TGN:21154
The channel bottom of a river; the physical confine of the normal water flow.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_bed
river bottom
watercourse
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
The channel bottom of a river; the physical confine of the normal water flow.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream_bed
stream mouth
ENVO
ENVO:00000385
FTT:105
FTT:1222
Geonames:H.STMM
The place where a stream discharges into a lagoon, lake, or the sea.
stream
stream mouth
Geonames:feature
stream mouth
ADL:FTT
stream
Geonames:feature
The place where a stream discharges into a lagoon, lake, or the sea.
river mouth
ENVO
ENVO:00000386
TGN:21156
The end of a stream where it enters a standing water body such as a lake, sea or ocean.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_mouth
MA:ma
The end of a stream where it enters a standing water body such as a lake, sea or ocean.
intermittent lake
A lake that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
ENVO
ENVO:00000387
FTT:221
FTT:875
Geonames:H.LKI
Geonames:H.LKSI
TGN:21118
This should not be a subclass of lake as it is currently defined.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermittent_lake
intermittent lake
intermittent lakes
lake
Geonames:feature
intermittent lakes
ADL:FTT
lake
Geonames:feature
intermittent lake
A lake that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
MA:ma
intermittent watercourse
A watercourse whose flow is not continuous.
ENVO
ENVO:00000388
TGN:21111
true
A watercourse whose flow is not continuous.
MA:ma
intermittent wetland
An area that is sometimes inundated or saturated by surface or ground water sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:00000389
FTT:85
FTT:883
Geonames:H.WTLDI
TGN:21306
intermittent wetland
wetland
Geonames:feature
intermittent wetland
An area that is sometimes inundated or saturated by surface or ground water sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
wetland
mountain spur
ENVO
ENVO:00000390
FTT:1177
Geonames:T.SPUR
TGN:21366
spur
spurs (physiographic
ADL:FTT
spurs (physiographic
Geonames:feature
spur
land bridge
An isthmus or other land connection between what at other times are separate land masses which allows animals and plants to cross and colonise new lands. Land bridges are commonly created by regression, in which sea levels fall exposing previously submerged sections of continental shelf. Land bridges are also formed by: (a) upthrust at the edge of continental plates; and (b) glacial retreat alleviating pressure on shallow marine formations.
ENVO
ENVO:00000391
TGN:21478
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_bridge
An isthmus or other land connection between what at other times are separate land masses which allows animals and plants to cross and colonise new lands. Land bridges are commonly created by regression, in which sea levels fall exposing previously submerged sections of continental shelf. Land bridges are also formed by: (a) upthrust at the edge of continental plates; and (b) glacial retreat alleviating pressure on shallow marine formations.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_bridge
ice tongue
A long and narrow sheet of ice projecting out from the coastline. An ice tongue forms when a valley glacier moves very rapidly out into the ocean or a lake.
ENVO
ENVO:00000392
TGN:21143
glacial tongue
glacier tongue
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_tongue
A long and narrow sheet of ice projecting out from the coastline. An ice tongue forms when a valley glacier moves very rapidly out into the ocean or a lake.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_tongue
USGS:SDTS
glacial tongue
sound
A large sea or ocean inlet larger than a bay, deeper than a bight, wider than a fjord, or it may identify a narrow sea or ocean channel between two bodies of land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000393
EcoLexicon:sound
FTT:233
FTT:469
Geonames:H.SD
SWEETRealm:Sound
TGN:21129
A large sea or ocean inlet larger than a bay, deeper than a bight, wider than a fjord, or it may identify a narrow sea or ocean channel between two bodies of land.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_%28geography%29
strait
A narrow channel of water that connects two larger bodies of water, and thus lies between two land masses.
ENVO
ENVO:00000394
EcoLexicon:strait
FTT:233
FTT:470
Geonames:H.STRT
SWEETRealm:Strait
TGN:21132
channel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strait
strait
watercourse
A narrow channel of water that connects two larger bodies of water, and thus lies between two land masses.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strait
Geonames:feature
strait
ADL:FTT
channel
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
channel
ENVO
ENVO:00000395
EcoLexicon:channel
EcoLexicon:sea_channel
FTT:1192
FTT:233
FTT:461
FTT:462
FTT:463
FTT:464
FTT:465
FTT:466
FTT:468
FTT:469
FTT:470
Geonames:H.CHN
Geonames:U.SCNU
Geonames:U.SCSU
SWEETRealm:Channel
TGN:21137
TGN:23451
The physical confine of a river, slough or ocean strait consisting of a bed and banks.
The physical confine of a river, slough or ocean strait consisting of a bed and banks.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_%28geography%29
marine channel
ENVO
ENVO:00000396
FTT:233
FTT:465
Geonames:H.CHNM
TGN:21186
lake channel
ENVO
ENVO:00000397
FTT:233
FTT:464
Geonames:H.CHNL
TGN:21185
volcanic cone
Built by fragments (called ejecta) thrown up (ejected) from a volcanic vent, piling up around the vent in the shape of a cone with a central crater.
ENVO
ENVO:00000398
FTT:530
Geonames:T.CONE
SWEETRealm:VolcanicCone
TGN:21418
cone
cone (geological)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_cone
lava cone
Geonames:feature
cone
Built by fragments (called ejecta) thrown up (ejected) from a volcanic vent, piling up around the vent in the shape of a cone with a central crater.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_cone
USGS:SDTS
lava cone
ADL:FTT
cone (geological)
Getty:TGN
cone
ash cone
A cone that is composed of particles of silt to sand size. Explosive eruptions from a vent where the magma is interacting with groundwater or the sea (as in an eruption off the coast) produce steam and are called phreatic. The interaction between the magma, expanding steam, and volcanic gases results in the ejection of mostly small particles called ash. Fallen ash has the consistency of flour. The unconsolidated ash forms an ash cone which becomes a tuff cone or tuff ring once the ash consolidates.
ENVO
ENVO:00000399
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ash_cone
A cone that is composed of particles of silt to sand size. Explosive eruptions from a vent where the magma is interacting with groundwater or the sea (as in an eruption off the coast) produce steam and are called phreatic. The interaction between the magma, expanding steam, and volcanic gases results in the ejection of mostly small particles called ash. Fallen ash has the consistency of flour. The unconsolidated ash forms an ash cone which becomes a tuff cone or tuff ring once the ash consolidates.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_cone
cinder cone
A cone built almost entirely of loose volcanic fragments called cinders (pumice, pyroclastics, or tephra). They are built from particles and blobs of congealed lava ejected from a single vent. As the gas-charged lava is blown violently into the air, it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as cinders around the vent to form a circular or oval cone. Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit.
ENVO
ENVO:00000400
SWEETRealm:CinderCone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinder_cone
mount
A cone built almost entirely of loose volcanic fragments called cinders (pumice, pyroclastics, or tephra). They are built from particles and blobs of congealed lava ejected from a single vent. As the gas-charged lava is blown violently into the air, it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as cinders around the vent to form a circular or oval cone. Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_cone
USGS:SDTS
mount
spatter cone
A volcanic cone formed of molten lava ejected from a vent somewhat like taffy. Expanding gases in the lava fountains tear the liquid rock into irregular gobs that fall back to earth, forming a heap around the vent. The still partly liquid rock splashed down and over the sides of the developing mound is called spatter. Because spatter is not fully solid when it lands, the individual deposits are very irregular in shape and weld together as they cool, and in this way particularly differ from cinder and ash.
ENVO
ENVO:00000401
SWEETRealm:SpatterCone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatter_cone
A volcanic cone formed of molten lava ejected from a vent somewhat like taffy. Expanding gases in the lava fountains tear the liquid rock into irregular gobs that fall back to earth, forming a heap around the vent. The still partly liquid rock splashed down and over the sides of the developing mound is called spatter. Because spatter is not fully solid when it lands, the individual deposits are very irregular in shape and weld together as they cool, and in this way particularly differ from cinder and ash.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_cone
mud volcano
A volcano created by geologically excreted liquids and gases, although there are several different processes which may cause such activity. Temperatures are much cooler than igneous processes.
ENVO
ENVO:00000402
EcoLexicon:mud_volcano
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mud_volcano
A volcano created by geologically excreted liquids and gases, although there are several different processes which may cause such activity. Temperatures are much cooler than igneous processes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mud_volcano
shield volcano
A large volcano with shallowly-sloping sides.
ENVO
ENVO:00000403
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shield_volcano
mount
A large volcano with shallowly-sloping sides.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shield_volcano
USGS:SDTS
mount
stratovolcano
A tall, conical volcano composed of many layers of hardened lava, tephra, and volcanic ash. These volcanoes are characterized by a steep profile and periodic, explosive eruptions. The lava that flows from them is viscous, and cools and hardens before spreading very far. The source magma of this rock is classified as acidic, or high in silica to intermediate (rhyolite, dacite, or andesite).
ENVO
ENVO:00000404
composite volcano
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratovolcano
A tall, conical volcano composed of many layers of hardened lava, tephra, and volcanic ash. These volcanoes are characterized by a steep profile and periodic, explosive eruptions. The lava that flows from them is viscous, and cools and hardens before spreading very far. The source magma of this rock is classified as acidic, or high in silica to intermediate (rhyolite, dacite, or andesite).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratovolcano
submarine volcano
An underwater fissures in the earth's surface from which magma can erupt.
ENVO
ENVO:00000264
ENVO:00000405
true
An underwater fissures in the earth's surface from which magma can erupt.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_volcano
mid-ocean ridge
An underwater mountain range, formed by plate tectonics. This uplifting of the ocean floor occurs when convection currents rise in the mantle beneath the oceanic crust and create magma where two tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary. The mid-ocean ridges of the world are connected and form a single global mid-oceanic ridge system that is part of every ocean.
ENVO
ENVO:00000406
EcoLexicon:oceanic_ridge
OceanRidge
TGN:23151
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-ocean_ridge
undersea ridge
An underwater mountain range, formed by plate tectonics. This uplifting of the ocean floor occurs when convection currents rise in the mantle beneath the oceanic crust and create magma where two tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary. The mid-ocean ridges of the world are connected and form a single global mid-oceanic ridge system that is part of every ocean.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-ocean_ridge
NASA:earthrealm
OceanRidge
Getty:TGN
undersea ridge
subglacial volcano
A volcano produced by subglacial eruptions or eruptions beneath the surface of a lake melted into a glacier or ice mass by the rising lava.
ENVO
ENVO:00000407
Something more specific than an adjacent_to relation would be better, especially considering the volcano in question may have melted nearby glacial mass.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subglacial_volcano
tuya
A volcano produced by subglacial eruptions or eruptions beneath the surface of a lake melted into a glacier or ice mass by the rising lava.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subglacial_volcano
volcanic fissure
A linear volcanic vent through which lava erupts, usually without any explosive activity. The vent is usually a few meters wide and may be many kilometers long. Fissure vents can cause large flood basalts and hannels. The volcano can usually be seen as a crack in the ground or on the ocean floor. Narrow fissures can be filled in with lava that hardens.
ENVO
ENVO:00000408
FTT:702
SWEETRealm:Fissure
fissure
fissure vent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_fissure
A linear volcanic vent through which lava erupts, usually without any explosive activity. The vent is usually a few meters wide and may be many kilometers long. Fissure vents can cause large flood basalts and hannels. The volcano can usually be seen as a crack in the ground or on the ocean floor. Narrow fissures can be filled in with lava that hardens.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fissure_vent
whirlpool
A large, swirling body of water produced by ocean tides.
ENVO
ENVO:00000409
FTT:131
FTT:829
TGN:21183
WHRL
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whirlpool
hydrographic feature
A large, swirling body of water produced by ocean tides.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whirlpool
Geonames:feature
WHRL
ADL:FTT
hydrographic feature
kipuka
An elevated area such as a hill, ridge or old lava dome inside or downslope from an area of active volcanism. New lava flows will cover the surrounding land, isolating the kipuka so that it appears as a (usually) forested island in a barren lava flow.
ENVO
ENVO:00000410
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kipuka
An elevated area such as a hill, ridge or old lava dome inside or downslope from an area of active volcanism. New lava flows will cover the surrounding land, isolating the kipuka so that it appears as a (usually) forested island in a barren lava flow.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava#K.C4.ABpukas
ford
ENVO
ENVO:00000411
EcoLexicon:ford
FORD
FTT:714
FTT:83
Geonames:T.FORD
TGN:21170
The shallow part of a stream which can be easily crossed.
ford
ford (crossing)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford
transportation feature
The shallow part of a stream which can be easily crossed.
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
transportation feature
ADL:FTT
ford (crossing)
FORD
Geonames:feature
USGS:SDTS
ford
tidal watercourse
ENVO
ENVO:00000412
TGN:21130
pingo
A mound of earth-covered ice found in the Arctic, subarctic, and Antarctica that can reach up to 70 metres in height and up to 2 kilometres in diameter.
ENVO
ENVO:00000413
Pingos may occur in cold-climate wetland areas, but are not necessarily wetlands themselves.
bugor
bulginniakh
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pingo
hydrolaccolith
mount
pingos
pingos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pingo
hydrolaccolith
A mound of earth-covered ice found in the Arctic, subarctic, and Antarctica that can reach up to 70 metres in height and up to 2 kilometres in diameter.
DOI:10.1016/0033-5894(76)90039-9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pingo
USGS:SDTS
mount
natural arch
A natural formation where a rock arch forms, with a natural passageway through underneath.
ENVO
ENVO:00000414
FTT:142
FTT:143
FTT:144
TGN:21445
arches (natural formation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_arch
natural bridge
sea arch
ADL:FTT
natural bridge
A natural formation where a rock arch forms, with a natural passageway through underneath.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_arch
ADL:FTT
arches (natural formation)
ADL:FTT
sea arch
raised beach
A beach or wave cut platform raised above the shore line by a relative fall in the sea level.
ENVO
ENVO:00000415
EcoLexicon:raised_beach
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raised_beach
terrace
A beach or wave cut platform raised above the shore line by a relative fall in the sea level.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raised_beach
USGS:SDTS
terrace
coastal dune
ENVO
ENVO:00000416
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_dune
machair
A fertile low-lying raised beach found on the some of the coastlines of Ireland and Scotland, in particular in the Outer Hebrides.
ENVO
ENVO:00000417
A fertile low-lying raised beach found on the some of the coastlines of Ireland and Scotland, in particular in the Outer Hebrides.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machair_%28geography%29
ria
A submergent coastal landform that forms where sea levels rise relative to the land either as a result of eustatic sea level change; where the global sea levels rise or isostatic sea level change; where the land sinks. When this happens valleys which were previously at sea level become submerged.
ENVO
ENVO:00000418
drowned river valley
drowned valley
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ria
valley
USGS:SDTS
valley
A submergent coastal landform that forms where sea levels rise relative to the land either as a result of eustatic sea level change; where the global sea levels rise or isostatic sea level change; where the land sinks. When this happens valleys which were previously at sea level become submerged.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ria
stack
A geological landform consisting of a steep and often vertical column or columns of rock in the sea near a coast.
ENVO
ENVO:00000419
EcoLexicon:stack
island
USGS:SDTS
island
A geological landform consisting of a steep and often vertical column or columns of rock in the sea near a coast.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_%28geology%29
tombolo
A deposition landform such as a spit or bar which forms a narrow piece of land between an island or offshore rock and a mainland shore, or between two islands or offshore rocks. They usually form because the island causes wave refraction, depositing sand and shingle moved by longshore drift in each direction around the island where the waves meet. Eustatic sea level rise may also contribute to accretion as material is pushed up with rising sea levels.
ENVO
ENVO:00000420
EcoLexicon:tombolo
SWEETRealm:Tombolo
bar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tombolo
island
USGS:SDTS
island
USGS:SDTS
bar
A deposition landform such as a spit or bar which forms a narrow piece of land between an island or offshore rock and a mainland shore, or between two islands or offshore rocks. They usually form because the island causes wave refraction, depositing sand and shingle moved by longshore drift in each direction around the island where the waves meet. Eustatic sea level rise may also contribute to accretion as material is pushed up with rising sea levels.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tombolo
wave-cut platform
ENVO
ENVO:00000421
SWEETRealm:WaveCutPlatform
The narrow flat area often seen at the base of a sea cliff caused by the action of the waves.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave-cut_platform
marine terrace
The narrow flat area often seen at the base of a sea cliff caused by the action of the waves.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_cut_platform
limestone pavement
A natural karst landform consisting of a flat, incised surface of exposed limestone that resembles artificial pavement.
ENVO
ENVO:00000422
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone_pavement
A natural karst landform consisting of a flat, incised surface of exposed limestone that resembles artificial pavement.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone_pavement
river island
An island that lies in a river.
ENVO
ENVO:00000423
EcoLexicon:fluvial_island
TGN:21428
ait
eyot
fluvial island
Getty:TGN
fluvial island
An island that lies in a river.
MA:ma
lake island
An island that lies in a lake.
ENVO
ENVO:00000424
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_island
An island that lies in a lake.
MA:ma
ocean floor
ENVO
ENVO:00000426
FTT:1020
The surface that underlies an ocean.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_floor
ocean bed
ocean floor feature
ADL:FTT
ocean floor feature
MA:ma
The surface that underlies an ocean.
meander
A bend in a stream. A stream flowing through a wide valley or flat plain will tend to form a meanders as it alternatively erodes and deposits sediments along its course.
ENVO
ENVO:00000427
EcoLexicon:meander
FTT:105
FTT:948
SWEETRealm:Meandering
TGN:21153
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meander
oxbow loop
stream
watercourse
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
ADL:FTT
stream
A bend in a stream. A stream flowing through a wide valley or flat plain will tend to form a meanders as it alternatively erodes and deposits sediments along its course.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meander
biome
A biome is an environmental system to which resident ecological communities have evolved adaptations.
ENVO
ENVO:00000428
EcoLexicon:biome
EcosytemType
LTER:173
There has been some concern raised (see Issue #143) about the usefulness of the assertion that organisms have evolved within a given biome. They may have evolved adaptations elsewhere and demonstrating one or the other is often not feasible. Consider relabelling to "environmental system determined by an ecological community" or similar. This class is currently being aligned to the Basic Formal Ontology. Following this alignment, its definition and the definitions of its subclasses will be revised.
ecosystem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biome
major habitat type
WWF:Biome
major habitat type
EcosytemType
NASA:earthrealm
A biome is an environmental system to which resident ecological communities have evolved adaptations.
DOI:10.1186/2041-1480-4-43
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biome
arete
A thin, almost knife-like, ridge of rock which is typically formed when two glaciers erode parallel U-shaped valleys. The arte is a thin ridge of rock that is left separating the two valleys. Artes can also form when two glacial cirques erode towards one another, although frequently this results in a saddle-shaped pass, called a col.
ENVO
ENVO:00000429
FTT:154
ridge
USGS:SDTS
ridge
A thin, almost knife-like, ridge of rock which is typically formed when two glaciers erode parallel U-shaped valleys. The arte is a thin ridge of rock that is left separating the two valleys. Artes can also form when two glacial cirques erode towards one another, although frequently this results in a saddle-shaped pass, called a col.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arete_%28landform%29
ADL:FTT
ridge
dirt cone
A feature of a glacier, in which dirt, which has fallen into a hollow in the ice, forms a coating which insulates the ice below. The surrounding ice melts away, leaving the dirt cone.
ENVO
ENVO:00000430
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirt_cone
A feature of a glacier, in which dirt, which has fallen into a hollow in the ice, forms a coating which insulates the ice below. The surrounding ice melts away, leaving the dirt cone.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirt_cone
drumlin field
A cluster of dozens to hundreds of similarly shaped, sized and oriented drumlins.
ENVO
ENVO:00000431
drumlin swarm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumlin_field
A cluster of dozens to hundreds of similarly shaped, sized and oriented drumlins.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumlin_field
monadnock
An isolated hill, knob, ridge, or small mountain that rises abruptly from a gently sloping or virtually level surrounding plain.
ENVO
ENVO:00000432
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monadnock
inselberg
kopje
mount
An isolated hill, knob, ridge, or small mountain that rises abruptly from a gently sloping or virtually level surrounding plain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inselberg
USGS:SDTS
mount
kame terrace
A terrace associated with a kame.
ENVO
ENVO:00000433
A terrace associated with a kame.
MA:ma
outwash fan
A fan-shaped body of sediments deposited by braided streams from a melting glacier.
ENVO
ENVO:00000434
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outwash_fan
A fan-shaped body of sediments deposited by braided streams from a melting glacier.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outwash_fan
proglacial lake
A lake formed either by the damming action of a moraine or ice dam during the retreat of a melting glacier, or one formed by meltwater trapped against an ice mass due to isostatic depression of the crust around the ice.
ENVO
ENVO:00000435
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proglacial_lake
lake
A lake formed either by the damming action of a moraine or ice dam during the retreat of a melting glacier, or one formed by meltwater trapped against an ice mass due to isostatic depression of the crust around the ice.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proglacial_lake
USGS:SDTS
lake
tunnel valley
A deep but narrow valley with a 'U' shaped cross-section and frequently a 'U' shaped plan which is usually found filled with glacial till. It is formed when the edge of an ice mass advances up a slope. Its length may be appropriately measured in centimetres or kilometres, depending on the circumstances of formation.
ENVO
ENVO:00000436
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel_valley
rinnental
tunnel-vale
A deep but narrow valley with a 'U' shaped cross-section and frequently a 'U' shaped plan which is usually found filled with glacial till. It is formed when the edge of an ice mass advances up a slope. Its length may be appropriately measured in centimetres or kilometres, depending on the circumstances of formation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel_valley
Nye channel
A small tunnel valley.
ENVO
ENVO:00000437
A small tunnel valley.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel_valley
alas
A steep-sided depression formed by the melting of permafrost; it may contain a lake.
ENVO
ENVO:00000438
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alas
A steep-sided depression formed by the melting of permafrost; it may contain a lake.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alas
dell
A small wooded valley, either U- or V-shaped.
ENVO
ENVO:00000439
valley
USGS:SDTS
valley
A small wooded valley, either U- or V-shaped.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dell_%28landform%29
rock shelter
A shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff.
ENVO
ENVO:00000440
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_shelter
rockhouse
A shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_shelter
terracette
A ridge on a hillside formed when saturated soil particles expand, then contract as they dry, causing them to move slowly downhill.
ENVO
ENVO:00000441
SWEETRealm:Terracette
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terracette
A ridge on a hillside formed when saturated soil particles expand, then contract as they dry, causing them to move slowly downhill.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terracette
maelstrom
A very powerful whirlpool.
ENVO
ENVO:00000442
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maelstrom
A very powerful whirlpool.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whirlpool
flood control reservoir
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of containing a flood, an overflow of water from a body of water that sumerges land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000443
EcoLexicon:flood_control_reservoir
FTT:1175
FTT:217
FTT:709
TGN:51261
flood control basin
retention basin
storage basin
ADL:FTT
storage basin
ADL:FTT
retention basin
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of containing a flood, an overflow of water from a body of water that sumerges land.
MA:ma
clearing
A tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area.
CLEARING
ENVO
ENVO:00000444
FTT:259
FTT:488
Geonames:L.CLG
LTER:79
SWEETRealm:Burning
TGN:21651
There should be a better superclass than "field" which should indicate that there are no woody plants in growth form "tree" around.
burn
burnt over area
clearing
clearing
cut line
fire break
forest clearing
glade
grassland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clearing
logged area
opening
ADL:FTT
clearing
USGS:SDTS
fire break
USGS:SDTS
logged area
USGS:SDTS
burnt over area
Geonames:feature
clearing
USGS:SDTS
glade
A tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area.
USGS:SDTS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glade_(geography)
CLEARING
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
cut line
USGS:SDTS
burn
ADL:FTT
grassland
transvasement
An aquaduct to transport water from one river basin to another one, to solve problems of hydrographic imbalance. It can decrease floods, moving the water to lands with droughts.
ENVO
ENVO:00000445
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transvasement
An aquaduct to transport water from one river basin to another one, to solve problems of hydrographic imbalance. It can decrease floods, moving the water to lands with droughts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transvasement
terrestrial biome
A biome that applies to the terrestrial realm.
ENVO
ENVO:00000446
SPIRE:Terrestrial
terrestrial realm
LTER:798
A biome that applies to the terrestrial realm.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biome#Terrestrial_biomes
marine biome
An aquatic biome that comprises systems of open-ocean and unprotected coastal habitats, characterized by exposure to wave action, tidal fluctuation, and ocean currents as well as systems that largely resemble these. Water in the marine biome is generally within the salinity range of seawater: 30 to 38 ppt.
ENVO
ENVO:00000447
SPIRE:Marine
marine realm
An aquatic biome that comprises systems of open-ocean and unprotected coastal habitats, characterized by exposure to wave action, tidal fluctuation, and ocean currents as well as systems that largely resemble these. Water in the marine biome is generally within the salinity range of seawater: 30 to 38 ppt.
ISBN-10:0618455043
MA:ma
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
hydroelectric reservoir
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of generating electricity.
ENVO
ENVO:00000448
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectric_reservoir
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of generating electricity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservoir
drinking water reservoir
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of providing drinking water.
ENVO
ENVO:00000449
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of providing drinking water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservoir
irrigation reservoir
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of providing water for irrigation.
ENVO
ENVO:00000450
A reservoir constructed for the purpose of providing water for irrigation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservoir
amenity lake
A lake constructed, or modified, for the chief purpose of providing an amenity.
ENVO
ENVO:00000451
A lake constructed, or modified, for the chief purpose of providing an amenity.
MA:ma
ribbon lake
A lake that is long, narrow, and finger-shaped, usually found in a glacial trough. Its formation begins when a glacier moves over an area containing alternate bands of hard and soft bedrock. The sharp-edged boulders carried at the bottom of the glacier erode the softer rock more quickly by abrasion, thus creating a hollow called a rock basin. On either side of the rock basin, the more resistant rock is eroded less and these outcrops of harder rock are known as rock bars, which act as dams between which rainwater may accumulate after the retreat of the ice age, filling up the rock basin and creating a ribbon lake. A ribbon lake may also form behind a terminal or recessional moraine, both of which also act as dams, enabling water to accumulate behind them. A ribbon lake may also occur if a tributary glacier joins a main glacier. The increase in power can create a trough, which is filled with water from a river/meltwater to create a ribbon lake.
ENVO
ENVO:00000452
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribbon_lake
A lake that is long, narrow, and finger-shaped, usually found in a glacial trough. Its formation begins when a glacier moves over an area containing alternate bands of hard and soft bedrock. The sharp-edged boulders carried at the bottom of the glacier erode the softer rock more quickly by abrasion, thus creating a hollow called a rock basin. On either side of the rock basin, the more resistant rock is eroded less and these outcrops of harder rock are known as rock bars, which act as dams between which rainwater may accumulate after the retreat of the ice age, filling up the rock basin and creating a ribbon lake. A ribbon lake may also form behind a terminal or recessional moraine, both of which also act as dams, enabling water to accumulate behind them. A ribbon lake may also occur if a tributary glacier joins a main glacier. The increase in power can create a trough, which is filled with water from a river/meltwater to create a ribbon lake.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribbon_lake
liman
A lake or estuary that is formed at the mouth of a river where flow is blocked by a bar of sediments. It can be maritime (the bar being created by the current of a sea) or fluvial (the bar being created by the flow of a bigger river at the confluence).
ENVO
ENVO:00000453
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liman
A lake or estuary that is formed at the mouth of a river where flow is blocked by a bar of sediments. It can be maritime (the bar being created by the current of a sea) or fluvial (the bar being created by the flow of a bigger river at the confluence).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liman_(landform)
turlough
An intermittent lake unique to the limestone areas of Ireland, mostly west of the River Shannon. Most turloughs flood in the autumn, usually some time in October, and then dry up some time between April and July.
ENVO
ENVO:00000454
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turlough
An intermittent lake unique to the limestone areas of Ireland, mostly west of the River Shannon. Most turloughs flood in the autumn, usually some time in October, and then dry up some time between April and July.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turlough_(lake)
tarn
A mountain lake that is formed in a cirque excavated by a glacier. A moraine may form a natural dam below a tarn.
ENVO
ENVO:00000455
corrie loch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarn
A mountain lake that is formed in a cirque excavated by a glacier. A moraine may form a natural dam below a tarn.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarn_(lake)
tidewater glacier
A glacier that flows into the sea.
ENVO
ENVO:00000456
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidewater_glacier
A glacier that flows into the sea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidewater_glacier#Types_of_glaciers
plateau glacier
A glacier on a plateau or high area, smaller than an ice sheet.
ENVO
ENVO:00000457
A glacier on a plateau or high area, smaller than an ice sheet.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidewater_glacier#Types_of_glaciers
valley glacier
A glacier that forms in a mountain valley.
ENVO
ENVO:00000458
EcoLexicon:glacier_valley
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley_glacier
A glacier that forms in a mountain valley.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidewater_glacier#Types_of_glaciers
outlet glacier
A glacier fed by an ice sheet.
ENVO
ENVO:00000459
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outlet_glacier
A glacier fed by an ice sheet.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidewater_glacier#Types_of_glaciers
penplain
A region of low topographic relief as a consequence of erosion by streams.
ENVO
ENVO:00000460
A region of low topographic relief as a consequence of erosion by streams.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peneplain
pseudocrater
A volcanic landform which resembles a true volcanic crater, but differs in that it is not an actual vent from which lava has erupted. A pseudocrater is characterised by the absence of any magma conduit which connects below the surface of the earth. Pseudocraters are formed by steam explosions as flowing hot lava crosses over a wet surface, such as a swamp, a lake, or a pond. The explosive gases break through the lava surface in a manner similar to a phreatic eruption, and the tephra builds up crater-like forms which can appear very similar to real volcanic craters.
ENVO
ENVO:00000461
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudocrater
rootless vent
A volcanic landform which resembles a true volcanic crater, but differs in that it is not an actual vent from which lava has erupted. A pseudocrater is characterised by the absence of any magma conduit which connects below the surface of the earth. Pseudocraters are formed by steam explosions as flowing hot lava crosses over a wet surface, such as a swamp, a lake, or a pond. The explosive gases break through the lava surface in a manner similar to a phreatic eruption, and the tephra builds up crater-like forms which can appear very similar to real volcanic craters.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rootless_vent
polygenetic volcanic field
A volcanic field of scattered volcanic vents. These volcanic fields, containing numerous polygenetic volcanoes, are noted for having more than one eruptive event from the same vent(s), rather than the more common monogenetic volcanic field. Polygenetic volcanic fields generally occur where there is a high-level magma chamber. These volcanic fields may show lithological discontinuities due to major changes in magma chemistry, volcanotectonic events, or long erosional intervals, and may last >10 million year period.
ENVO
ENVO:00000462
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygenetic_volcanic_field
A volcanic field of scattered volcanic vents. These volcanic fields, containing numerous polygenetic volcanoes, are noted for having more than one eruptive event from the same vent(s), rather than the more common monogenetic volcanic field. Polygenetic volcanic fields generally occur where there is a high-level magma chamber. These volcanic fields may show lithological discontinuities due to major changes in magma chemistry, volcanotectonic events, or long erosional intervals, and may last >10 million year period.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygenetic_volcanic_field
harbor
A place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored.
ENVO
ENVO:00000463
SWEETRealm:Harbor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbor
A place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbor
artificial harbor
A harbor constructed by human agency.
ENVO
ENVO:00000464
artificial harbour
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_harbour
A harbor constructed by human agency.
MA:ma
natural harbor
A harbor which is formed by a natural landform where a part of a body of water is protected and deep enough to furnish anchorage.
ENVO
ENVO:00000465
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_harbor
natural harbour
A harbor which is formed by a natural landform where a part of a body of water is protected and deep enough to furnish anchorage.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbor
marine hydrographic feature
ENVO
ENVO:00000466
true
university campus
An area of land on which a college or university and related institutional buildings are situated.
ENVO
ENVO:00000467
campus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_campus
An area of land on which a college or university and related institutional buildings are situated.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campus
hydroelectric dam
A dam constructed for the purpose of generating electricity from the water stored behind it.
ENVO
ENVO:00000468
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectric_dam
A dam constructed for the purpose of generating electricity from the water stored behind it.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam#By_purpose
research facility
A facility, permanent or temporary, on land, in air, space or water, where scientific research or measurements can be undertaken.
ENVO
ENVO:00000469
A facility, permanent or temporary, on land, in air, space or water, where scientific research or measurements can be undertaken.
MA:ma
irrigation dam
A dam constructed for the purpose of holding water in a reservoir for irrigation.
ENVO
ENVO:00000470
A dam constructed for the purpose of holding water in a reservoir for irrigation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam#By_purpose
flood control dam
A dam constructed for the purpose of controlling flooding.
ENVO
ENVO:00000471
A dam constructed for the purpose of controlling flooding.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam#By_purpose
backwater
An area of calm water unaffected by the current of a stream.
BACKWATER
ENVO
ENVO:00000472
FTT:184
TGN:21302
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backwater
wetland
BACKWATER
USGS:SDTS
An area of calm water unaffected by the current of a stream.
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
wetland
gravel pit
A quarry from which gravel is extracted.
ENVO
ENVO:00000473
FTT:772
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravel_pit
mine site
A quarry from which gravel is extracted.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
mine site
cut
An excavation of the Earth's surface to provide passage for a road, railway, canal, etc.
CUT
ENVO
ENVO:00000474
FTT:1182
cutting
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cut
An excavation of the Earth's surface to provide passage for a road, railway, canal, etc.
USGS:SDTS
CUT
USGS:SDTS
inlet
An opening of the sea into the land, or of a lake into its shore.
ENVO
ENVO:00000475
EcoLexicon:inlet
FTT:233
FTT:463
Geonames:H.GULF
Geonames:H.INLT
SWEETRealm:Inlet
TGN:21128
anse
arm
firth
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inlet
ria
USGS:SDTS
firth
USGS:SDTS
anse
An opening of the sea into the land, or of a lake into its shore.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
arm
USGS:SDTS
ria
lake inlet
An opening of a lake into its shore.
ENVO
ENVO:00000476
An opening of a lake into its shore.
USGS:SDTS
mount
A mountain or a hill.
ENVO
ENVO:00000477
EcoLexicon:dome
FTT:118
FTT:460
MOUNT
SWEETRealm:Dome
TGN:21439
cerrito
cerro
dome
hill
hillock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount
hummock
inselberg
knob
knoll
koppje
monadnock
mountain
rise
USGS:SDTS
hillock
ADL:FTT
cerro
MOUNT
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
cerro
USGS:SDTS
knob
USGS:SDTS
monadnock
ADL:FTT
mountain
USGS:SDTS
rise
USGS:SDTS
inselberg
USGS:SDTS
hill
Getty:TGN
hummock
USGS:SDTS
knoll
A mountain or a hill.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
cerrito
USGS:SDTS
hummock
USGS:SDTS
koppje
USGS:SDTS
dome
range of mounts
ENVO
ENVO:00000478
FTT:996
range (physiographic)
ADL:FTT
range (physiographic)
mouth
ENVO
ENVO:00000479
EcoLexicon:outlet
MOUTH
SWEETRealm:Mouth
The exit or point of discharge of a stream into another stream, lake or sea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouth
outlet
The exit or point of discharge of a stream into another stream, lake or sea.
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
outlet
MOUTH
USGS:SDTS
peak
ENVO
ENVO:00000480
EcoLexicon:summit
FTT:757
FTT:79
FTT:80
FTT:994
FTT:998
FTT:999
Geonames:T.PK
Geonames:T.PKS
PEAK
SWEETRealm:Peak
TGN:21490
The summit of a mount.
ahu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak
ice peak
mountain crest
mountain summit
nunatak
peak
peaks
summit
The summit of a mount.
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
mountain summit
ADL:FTT
ahu
Geonames:feature
peak
ADL:FTT
mountain crest
PEAK
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
peaks
ADL:FTT
nunatak
ADL:FTT
summit
USGS:SDTS
ice peak
USGS:SDTS
summit
pinnacle
A tall, slender, spire-shaped rock projecting from a level or more gently sloping surface.
ENVO
ENVO:00000481
EcoLexicon:crag
FTT:1008
FTT:145
PINNACLE
chapeirao
coral head
crag
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinnacle
natural rock formation
pillar
pinnacle (natural formation)
scar
USGS:SDTS
chapeirao
USGS:SDTS
coral head
ADL:FTT
pinnacle (natural formation)
PINNACLE
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
crag
USGS:SDTS
scar
ADL:FTT
natural rock formation
USGS:SDTS
pillar
A tall, slender, spire-shaped rock projecting from a level or more gently sloping surface.
USGS:SDTS
sea floor
ENVO
ENVO:00000482
EcoLexicon:sea_floor
SeaFloor
The ground surface that lies beneath a sea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_floor
sea bed
sea bottom
MA:ma
The ground surface that lies beneath a sea.
NASA:earthrealm
SeaFloor
plunge pool
A hollow eroded by the force of the falling water at the base of a waterfall, particularly by the eddying effect.
ENVO
ENVO:00000483
PLUNGE POOL
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plunge_pool
Problematic. Does this refer to the depression or the accumulated water?
PLUNGE POOL
USGS:SDTS
A hollow eroded by the force of the falling water at the base of a waterfall, particularly by the eddying effect.
USGS:SDTS
polynya
Any enclosed water area in pack ice other than a lead, not large enough to be called open water. When frozen over, a polyna becomes an ice skylight from the point of view of the submariner.
Could be a subclass of a class that describes holes in solid material covering water or other liquids. Perhaps a class like "clearing". Logical def can include surrounded_by "ice mass".
ENVO
ENVO:00000484
EcoLexicon:polynya
POLYNA
Polynya
SWEETRealm:Polynya
big clearing
clearing
glade
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynya
ice clearing
polynia
regional clearing
USGS:SDTS
ice clearing
NASA:earthrealm
Polynya
USGS:SDTS
big clearing
USGS:SDTS
glade
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/polynia
polynia
USGS:SDTS
clearing
USGS:SDTS
regional clearing
Any enclosed water area in pack ice other than a lead, not large enough to be called open water. When frozen over, a polyna becomes an ice skylight from the point of view of the submariner.
USGS:SDTS
POLYNA
USGS:SDTS
sea shore
ENVO
ENVO:00000485
EcoLexicon:seashore
FTT:504
That part of the land in immediate contact with a sea, including the intertidal zone.
shore
MA:ma
That part of the land in immediate contact with a sea, including the intertidal zone.
shoreline
ENVO
ENVO:00000486
EcoLexicon:shoreline
FTT:240
FTT:503
SHOR
Shoreline
TGN:21481
The line of contact between a body of water and the land.
coastal shoreline
coastal zone
coastline
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoreline
Geonames:feature
SHOR
USGS:SDTS
coastal shoreline
NASA:earthrealm
Shoreline
USGS:SDTS
coastline
The line of contact between a body of water and the land.
USGS:SDTS
ADL:FTT
coastal zone
paternoster lake
ENVO
ENVO:00000487
One of a series of glacial lakes connected by a single stream or a braided stream system.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternoster_lake
lake
USGS:SDTS
lake
One of a series of glacial lakes connected by a single stream or a braided stream system.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternoster_lake
glacial lake
A lake associated with a glacier.
ENVO
ENVO:00000488
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacial_lake
A lake associated with a glacier.
MA:ma
palsa
A low oval elevation in areas with permafrost, frequently peat bogs, where a perennial ice lens has developed within the soil. A palsa consists, similarly to a pingo, of an ice core and overlying soil materials, in case of a palsa usually boggy soil. Palsas are characteristically found in areas with discontinuous permafrost and in such areas bay be the only reliable surface evidence of permafrost. A palsa needs large quantities of water for the formation of its ice core (i.e. ice lens), which is why they frequently emerge from and are bound by boggy soils, which can store enormous quantities of water in their pores. Palsas develop particularly in moorlands and are therefore also named palsamoors.
ENVO
ENVO:00000489
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palsa
palsa bog
wetland
USGS:SDTS
wetland
A low oval elevation in areas with permafrost, frequently peat bogs, where a perennial ice lens has developed within the soil. A palsa consists, similarly to a pingo, of an ice core and overlying soil materials, in case of a palsa usually boggy soil. Palsas are characteristically found in areas with discontinuous permafrost and in such areas bay be the only reliable surface evidence of permafrost. A palsa needs large quantities of water for the formation of its ice core (i.e. ice lens), which is why they frequently emerge from and are bound by boggy soils, which can store enormous quantities of water in their pores. Palsas develop particularly in moorlands and are therefore also named palsamoors.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palsa
consequent stream
A stream whose course is a direct consequence of the original slope of the surface upon which it developed, i.e., a stream that follows the slope of the original land.
ENVO
ENVO:00000490
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consequent_stream
A stream whose course is a direct consequence of the original slope of the surface upon which it developed, i.e., a stream that follows the slope of the original land.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsequent_stream
subsequent stream
A stream whose course has been determined by selective headward erosion along weak strata. These streams have generally developed after the original stream. Subsequent streams developed independently of the original relief of the land and generally follow paths determined by the weak rock belts.
ENVO
ENVO:00000491
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsequent_stream
A stream whose course has been determined by selective headward erosion along weak strata. These streams have generally developed after the original stream. Subsequent streams developed independently of the original relief of the land and generally follow paths determined by the weak rock belts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsequent_stream
resequent stream
A stream whose course follows the original relief, but at a lower level than the original slope (e.g., flows down a course determined by the underlying strata in the same direction). These streams develop later and are generally a tributary to a subsequent stream.
ENVO
ENVO:00000492
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resequent_stream
A stream whose course follows the original relief, but at a lower level than the original slope (e.g., flows down a course determined by the underlying strata in the same direction). These streams develop later and are generally a tributary to a subsequent stream.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsequent_stream
obsequent stream
A stream flowing in the opposite direction of the consequent drainage.
ENVO
ENVO:00000493
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsequent_stream
watercourse
A stream flowing in the opposite direction of the consequent drainage.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsequent_stream
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
insequent stream
A stream that has an almost random drainage often forming dendritic patterns. These are typically tributaries and have developed by a headward erosion on a horizontally stratified belt or on homogeneous rocks. These streams follow courses that apparently were not controlled by the original slope of the surface, its structure or the type of rock.
ENVO
ENVO:00000494
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insequent_stream
A stream that has an almost random drainage often forming dendritic patterns. These are typically tributaries and have developed by a headward erosion on a horizontally stratified belt or on homogeneous rocks. These streams follow courses that apparently were not controlled by the original slope of the surface, its structure or the type of rock.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsequent_stream
tributary
A stream or river which flows into another river (a parent river) or body of water but which may not flow directly into the sea.
ENVO
ENVO:00000495
EcoLexicon:affluent
FTT:105
FTT:1261
SWEETRealm:Tributary
TGN:21157
affluent
affluent stream
confluent stream
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tributary
river tributary
stream
watercourse
ADL:FTT
stream
Getty:TGN
river tributary
ADL:FTT
affluent
USGS:SDTS
watercourse
A stream or river which flows into another river (a parent river) or body of water but which may not flow directly into the sea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tributary
rill
A narrow and shallow incision into soil resulting from erosion by overland flow that has been focused into a thin thread by soil surface roughness. Rilling, the process of rill formation, is common on agricultural land and unvegetated ground.
ENVO
ENVO:00000496
EcoLexicon:rill
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rill
A narrow and shallow incision into soil resulting from erosion by overland flow that has been focused into a thin thread by soil surface roughness. Rilling, the process of rill formation, is common on agricultural land and unvegetated ground.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rill
rincon
An incised meander on a river.
ENVO
ENVO:00000497
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rincon
inlet
USGS:SDTS
inlet
An incised meander on a river.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rincon
volcanic dike
An intrusive igneous body. Its thickness is usually much smaller than its other two dimensions. Thickness can vary from sub-centimeter scale to many meters in thickness and the lateral dimensions can extend over many kilometers. A dike is an intrusion into a cross-cutting fissure, meaning a dike cuts across other pre-existing layers or bodies of rock, this means that a dike is always younger than the rocks that contain it. Dikes are usually high angle to near vertical in orientation, but subsequent tectonic deformation may rotate the sequence of strata through which the dike lies so that the latter becomes horizontal.
ENVO
ENVO:00000498
FTT:654
dyke (geologic)
ridge
volcanic dyke
igneous dike
USGS:SDTS
ridge
ADL:FTT
dyke (geologic)
An intrusive igneous body. Its thickness is usually much smaller than its other two dimensions. Thickness can vary from sub-centimeter scale to many meters in thickness and the lateral dimensions can extend over many kilometers. A dike is an intrusion into a cross-cutting fissure, meaning a dike cuts across other pre-existing layers or bodies of rock, this means that a dike is always younger than the rocks that contain it. Dikes are usually high angle to near vertical in orientation, but subsequent tectonic deformation may rotate the sequence of strata through which the dike lies so that the latter becomes horizontal.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trough_%28geology%29
trough
A linear structural depression that extends laterally over a distance, while being less steep than a trench. A trough can be a narrow basin or a geologic rift. There are various oceanic troughs, troughs found under oceans; examples include the rift along the mid-oceanic ridge and the Cayman Trough.
ENVO
ENVO:00000499
SWEETRealm:Trough
TGN:21512
swale
USGS:SDTS
swale
A linear structural depression that extends laterally over a distance, while being less steep than a trench. A trough can be a narrow basin or a geologic rift. There are various oceanic troughs, troughs found under oceans; examples include the rift along the mid-oceanic ridge and the Cayman Trough.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trough_%28geology%29
beaver dam
An obstruction in a stream constructed by a beaver.
ENVO
ENVO:00000500
FTT:243
dam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaver_dam
USGS:SDTS
dam
An obstruction in a stream constructed by a beaver.
MA:ma
bed
BOTTOM
ENVO
ENVO:00000501
EcoLexicon:bed
FTT:804
SWEETRealm:Bottom
The portion of the ground surface which lies below water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream_bed
The portion of the ground surface which lies below water.
USGS:SDTS
BOTTOM
USGS:SDTS
intermittent saline lake
A saline lake that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
ENVO
ENVO:00000502
FTT:221
FTT:880
Geonames:H.LKN
Geonames:H.LKSNI
intermittent salt lake
intermittent salt lakes
lake
A saline lake that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
lake
Geonames:feature
intermittent salt lakes
Geonames:feature
intermittent salt lake
intermittent oxbow lake
An oxbow lake that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
ENVO
ENVO:00000503
FTT:221
FTT:876
Geonames:H.LKOI
An oxbow lake that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
MA:ma
intermittent pond
A pond that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
ENVO
ENVO:00000504
FTT:221
FTT:877
FTT:878
Geonames:H.PNDI
Geonames:H.PNDSI
Geonames:H.POOLI
intermittent pond
intermittent ponds
intermittent pool
intermittent pool
intermittent pool
lake
A pond that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
intermittent pool
Geonames:feature
intermittent pool
Geonames:feature
intermittent pond
Geonames:feature
intermittent ponds
ADL:FTT
lake
ADL:FTT
intermittent pool
underground irrigation canal
A gently inclined underground tunnel bringing water for irrigation from an aquifer.
ENVO
ENVO:00000505
FTT:129
FTT:410
Geonames:H.CNLSB
underground irrigation canal
Geonames:feature
underground irrigation canal
ADL:FTT
underground irrigation canal
A gently inclined underground tunnel bringing water for irrigation from an aquifer.
Geonames:feature
intermittent reservoir
A reservoir that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
ENVO
ENVO:00000506
FTT:221
FTT:588
FTT:879
Geonames:H.RSVI
intermittent reservoir
lake
reservoir
Geonames:feature
intermittent reservoir
ADL:FTT
lake
A reservoir that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
reservoir
wadi mouth
ENVO
ENVO:00000507
FTT:157
FTT:162
Geonames:H.WADM
The lower terminus of a wadi where it widens into an adjoining floodplain, depression, or water body.
wadi mouth
Geonames:feature
wadi mouth
Geonames:feature
The lower terminus of a wadi where it widens into an adjoining floodplain, depression, or water body.
terrace
A step-like feature between higher and lower ground: a relatively flat or gently inclined shelf of earth, backed and fronted by steep slopes or manmade detaining walls.
ENVO
ENVO:00000508
EcoLexicon:terrace
FTT:247
FTT:248
Geonames:T.BNCH
Geonames:T.TRR
TERRACE
TGN:21498
TGN:21513
bench
bench
bench (natural)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrace
ledge
rock terrace
terrace
ADL:FTT
ledge
USGS:SDTS
bench
ADL:FTT
bench (natural)
A step-like feature between higher and lower ground: a relatively flat or gently inclined shelf of earth, backed and fronted by steep slopes or manmade detaining walls.
USGS:SDTS
Geonames:feature
bench
Geonames:feature
terrace
TERRACE
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
rock terrace
Getty:TGN
bench
marine terrace
ENVO
ENVO:00000509
EcoLexicon:bench
FTT:249
Geonames:BNCU
bench
bench (seafloor)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_terrace
marine bench
Geonames:feature
bench
USGS:SDTS
marine bench
ADL:FTT
bench (seafloor)
meander neck
ENVO
ENVO:00000510
FTT:947
FTT:96
Geonames:T.NKM
meander neck
physiographic feature
Geonames:feature
meander neck
ADL:FTT
physiographic feature
blanket bog
A peatland whose development is mostly independent of basins or topographical features where water collects; it simply covers the landscape like a blanket. Peat develops due to a continuous supply of water from rainfall, maintaining waterlogged conditions on the ground. Blanket bogs are ombrotrophic or rain fed, and as a result their pH lies between 3.5 and 4.2.
ENVO
ENVO:00000511
SWEETRealm:BlanketBog
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanket_bog
wetland
A peatland whose development is mostly independent of basins or topographical features where water collects; it simply covers the landscape like a blanket. Peat develops due to a continuous supply of water from rainfall, maintaining waterlogged conditions on the ground. Blanket bogs are ombrotrophic or rain fed, and as a result their pH lies between 3.5 and 4.2.
IPCC:http://www.ipcc.ie/infoblanketbogfs.html
USGS:SDTS
wetland
pond bed
ENVO
ENVO:00000512
The ground surface that lies beneath a pond.
pond bottom
MA:ma
The ground surface that lies beneath a pond.
reservoir bed
ENVO
ENVO:00000513
The ground surface that lies beneath a reservoir.
reservoir bottom
MA:ma
The ground surface that lies beneath a reservoir.
crater
A generally circular saucer or bowl-shaped depression caused by volcanic or meteorite explosive action.
CRATER
ENVO
ENVO:00000514
FTT:219
Geonames:T.CRTR
SWEETRealm:Crater
TGN:21408
caldera
carter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crater
USGS:SDTS
caldera
Geonames:feature
carter
A generally circular saucer or bowl-shaped depression caused by volcanic or meteorite explosive action.
Geonames:feature
CRATER
USGS:SDTS
road cut
A cut to provide passage for a road.
ENVO
ENVO:00000515
Geonames:R.RDCUT
road cut
A cut to provide passage for a road.
MA:ma
Geonames:feature
road cut
hammock
A patch of ground, distinct from and slightly above the surrounding plain or wetland. Often occurs in groups.
ENVO
ENVO:00000516
FTT:783
Geonames:T.HMCK
SWEETRealm:Hummock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammock
hummock
Geonames:feature
hummock
A patch of ground, distinct from and slightly above the surrounding plain or wetland. Often occurs in groups.
Geonames:feature
lost stream
A surface stream that disappears into an underground channel, or dries up in an arid area.
ENVO
ENVO:00000517
FTT:105
FTT:931
Geonames:H.STMSB
TGN:21112
lost river
lost river
lost watercourse
stream
Geonames:feature
lost watercourse
Geonames:feature
lost river
ADL:FTT
lost river
ADL:FTT
stream
Getty:TGN
lost watercourse
A surface stream that disappears into an underground channel, or dries up in an arid area.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
lost river
ditch mouth
ENVO
ENVO:00000518
FTT:129
FTT:399
Geonames:H.DTCHM
The exit or point of discharge of a ditch.
ditch mouth
MA:ma
The exit or point of discharge of a ditch.
ADL:FTT
ditch mouth
Geonames:feature
ditch mouth
agricultural terrace
ENVO
ENVO:00000519
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_terrace
landslide
A mound of earth material, at the base of a slope and the associated scoured area.
ENVO
ENVO:00000520
EcoLexicon:landslide
FTT:1076
FTT:914
FTT:96
Geonames:T.SLID
SWEETRealm:Landslide
TGN:21507
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landslide
landslip
physiographic feature
slide
slide (natural)
A mound of earth material, at the base of a slope and the associated scoured area.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
slide
ADL:FTT
physiographic feature
ADL:FTT
slide (natural)
Getty:TGN
slide
rockfall
An irregular mass of fallen rock at the base of a cliff or steep slope.
ENVO
ENVO:00000521
EcoLexicon:rockfall
FTT:1072
FTT:96
Geonames:T.RKFL
TGN:21504
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockfall
physiographic feature
rockfall
Geonames:feature
rockfall
ADL:FTT
physiographic feature
An irregular mass of fallen rock at the base of a cliff or steep slope.
Geonames:feature
canal tunnel
A tunnel through which a canal passes.
ENVO
ENVO:00000522
FTT:396
FTT:397
Geonames:H.TNLC
canal tunnel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal_tunnel
tunnel
Geonames:feature
canal tunnel
ADL:FTT
tunnel
A tunnel through which a canal passes.
Geonames:feature
cutoff
A channel formed as a result of a stream cutting through a meander neck.
ENVO
ENVO:00000523
FTT:462
Geomames:CUTF
TGN:21134
cut off
cutoff (hydrographic)
cuttoff
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutoff
USGS:SDTS
cut off
ADL:FTT
cutoff (hydrographic)
Geonames:feature
cuttoff
A channel formed as a result of a stream cutting through a meander neck.
Geonames:feature
abandoned watercourse
A former stream or distributary no longer carrying flowing water, but still evident due to lakes, wetland, topographic or vegetation patterns.
ENVO
ENVO:00000524
Geonames:H.STMQ
TGN:21113
abandoned watercourse
A former stream or distributary no longer carrying flowing water, but still evident due to lakes, wetland, topographic or vegetation patterns.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
abandoned watercourse
canalized stream
A stream that has been substantially ditched, diked, or straightened.
ENVO
ENVO:00000525
FTT:129
FTT:398
Geonames:H.STMC
canal
canalised stream
canalized stream
A stream that has been substantially ditched, diked, or straightened.
Geonames:feature
ADL:FTT
canal
Geonames:feature
canalized stream
cleft
A deep narrow slot, notch, or groove in a cliff.
ENVO
ENVO:00000526
Geonames:T.CFT
cleft
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleft
A deep narrow slot, notch, or groove in a cliff.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
cleft
interfluve
A relatively undissected upland between adjacent stream valleys.
ENVO
ENVO:00000527
FTT:707
FTT:874
Geonames:T.INTF
TGN:21450
interfluve
plain
A relatively undissected upland between adjacent stream valleys.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
interfluve
ADL:FTT
plain
ice cap ridge
A linear elevation on an icecap.
ENVO
ENVO:00000528
FTT:155
FTT:844
Geonames:H.RDGG
icecap reach
ridge
ADL:FTT
ridge
A linear elevation on an icecap.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
icecap reach
beach ridge
A ridge of sand just inland and parallel to the beach, usually in series.
ENVO
ENVO:00000529
FTT:236
Geonames:T.RDGB
beach ridge
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach_ridge
A ridge of sand just inland and parallel to the beach, usually in series.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
beach ridge
apron
A gentle slope, with a generally smooth surface, particularly found around groups of islands and seamounts.
ENVO
ENVO:00000530
EcoLexicon:apron
FTT:122
Geonames:U.APNU
TGN:23187
apron
apron (geological)
archipelago apron
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apron
undersea apron
USGS:SDTS
archipelago apron
A gentle slope, with a generally smooth surface, particularly found around groups of islands and seamounts.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
apron
Getty:TGN
undersea apron
ADL:FTT
apron (geological)
ice cap depression
A depression which is part of an ice cap.
ENVO
ENVO:00000531
FTT:839
Geonames:H.DPRG
TGN:21145
icecap depression
icecap depression
Geonames:feature
icecap depression
ADL:FTT
icecap depression
intermittent saline evaporation pond
ENVO
ENVO:00000532
FTT:881
Geonames:H.PNDNI
intermittent salt pond
lake
ADL:FTT
lake
ADL:FTT
intermittent salt pond
Geonames:feature
intermittent salt pond
landfill
A site at which refuse is dumped, normally filling a natural or artificial depression.
ENVO
ENVO:00000533
FTT:621
FTT:624
disposal site
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landfill
ADL:FTT
disposal site
A site at which refuse is dumped, normally filling a natural or artificial depression.
MA:ma
pothole
ENVO
ENVO:00000534
FTT:1071
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pothole
weir
A low obstruction built across the path of s stream to raise its level.
ENVO
ENVO:00000535
FTT:603
Geonames:S.WEIR
TGN:51265
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weir
weir
Geonames:feature
weir
A low obstruction built across the path of s stream to raise its level.
MA:ma
moatan
An annular depression that may not be continuous, located at the base of many seamounts, islands, and other isolated elevations.
ENVO
ENVO:00000536
Geonames:U.MOTU
moatan
Geonames:feature
moatan
An annular depression that may not be continuous, located at the base of many seamounts, islands, and other isolated elevations.
Geonames:feature
boulder field
A high altitude or high latitude bare, flat area covered with large angular rocks.
ENVO
ENVO:00000537
FTT:289
Geonames:T.BLDR
TGN:21501
boulder field
Geonames:feature
boulder field
A high altitude or high latitude bare, flat area covered with large angular rocks.
Geonames:feature
arrugado
An undersea area of subdued corrugations off Baja California.
ENVO
ENVO:00000538
FTT:167
Geonames:U.ARRU
arrugado
Add partially surrounded by marine water or similar
ADL:FTT
arrugado
An undersea area of subdued corrugations off Baja California.
Geonames:feature
Geonames:feature
arrugado
sill
ENVO
ENVO:00000539
EcoLexicon:sill
FTT:740
Geonames:H.SILL
SWEETRealm:Sill
TGN:21367
The low part of a gap or saddle separating basins.
gap
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sill
sill
sill (physiographic)
ADL:FTT
gap
ADL:FTT
sill (physiographic)
Geonames:feature
sill
USGS:SDTS
sill
Geonames:feature
The low part of a gap or saddle separating basins.
brackish lake
ENVO
ENVO:00000540
brackish pond
ENVO
ENVO:00000541
kame
An irregularly shaped hill or mound composed of sorted or stratified sand and gravel that is deposited in contact with the glacial ice. It can have an irregular shape. Kames are often associated with kettles, and this is referred to as kame and kettle topography. When the ice retreats further, the delta kame often collapses. Kame terraces are frequently found along the side of a glacial valley and are the deposits of meltwater streams flowing between the ice and the adjacent valley side.
ENVO
ENVO:00000542
EcoLexicon:kame
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kame
mount
ridge
USGS:SDTS
mount
USGS:SDTS
ridge
An irregularly shaped hill or mound composed of sorted or stratified sand and gravel that is deposited in contact with the glacial ice. It can have an irregular shape. Kames are often associated with kettles, and this is referred to as kame and kettle topography. When the ice retreats further, the delta kame often collapses. Kame terraces are frequently found along the side of a glacial valley and are the deposits of meltwater streams flowing between the ice and the adjacent valley side.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kame
swale
A low tract of land, especially when moist or marshy. The term can refer to a natural landscape feature or a human-created one. When created by humans, this open drain system is designed to manage water runoff.
ENVO
ENVO:00000543
EcoLexicon:swale
trough
USGS:SDTS
trough
A low tract of land, especially when moist or marshy. The term can refer to a natural landscape feature or a human-created one. When created by humans, this open drain system is designed to manage water runoff.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swale_%28geographical_feature%29
leat
A man-made watercourse, or makeshift aqueduct, often an artificial channel which supplies water to a watermill or its mill pond, collecting water from upstream of the mill so that the natural level of the driving water is above the level of the stream at the mill. Alternatively to may deliver water for mineral washing and concentration, irrigation or to a dye works.
ENVO
ENVO:00000544
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leat
lete
A man-made watercourse, or makeshift aqueduct, often an artificial channel which supplies water to a watermill or its mill pond, collecting water from upstream of the mill so that the natural level of the driving water is above the level of the stream at the mill. Alternatively to may deliver water for mineral washing and concentration, irrigation or to a dye works.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leat
shingle beach
A beach which is armoured with pebbles or small to medium sized cobbles.
ENVO
ENVO:00000545
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shingle_beach
pebble beach
A beach which is armoured with pebbles or small to medium sized cobbles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shingle_beach
lake sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00000546
Lake sediment is sediment which covers the bottom of a lake. Lake sediments are comprised mainly of clastic material (sediment of clay, silt, and sand sizes), organic debris, chemical precipitates, or combinations of these.
SedimentLayer
NASA:earthrealm
SedimentLayer
Lake sediment is sediment which covers the bottom of a lake. Lake sediments are comprised mainly of clastic material (sediment of clay, silt, and sand sizes), organic debris, chemical precipitates, or combinations of these.
URL:http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/328083/lake/59070/Sediments-and-sedimentation
waterhole
A pond, often temporary or seasonal, used as a drinking place by mammals and birds.
ENVO
ENVO:00000547
FTT:828
Geonames:H.WTRH
TGN:21184
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterhole
water hole
water hole
waterhole
USGS:SDTS
water hole
Geonames:feature
waterhole
A pond, often temporary or seasonal, used as a drinking place by mammals and birds.
MA:ma
gravel field
ENVO
ENVO:00000548
Geonames:L.GVL
TGN:21502
gravel field area
Geonames:feature
gravel field area
intermittent water body
A water body that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
ENVO
ENVO:00000549
TGN:21198
intermittent body of water
This is a problematic class: when an intermittent water body is dry, it is no longer a water body. The temporal aspect is insufficiently represented here.
A water body that is not permanently filled with water, at times being dry.
MA:ma
Getty:TGN
intermittent body of water
range of seamounts
ENVO
ENVO:00000550
Geonames:U.CDAU
TGN:23131
TGN:23145
TGN:23344
cordillera
seamount chain
seamount group
seamount range
undersea cordillera
undersea mountain chain
undersea range
Geonames:feature
cordillera
USGS:SDTS
seamount range
USGS:SDTS
seamount chain
USGS:SDTS
seamount group
Getty:TGN
undersea cordillera
Getty:TGN
undersea range
Getty:TGN
undersea mountain chain
endorheic basin
A drainage basin from which there is no outflow of water, either on the surface as rivers, or underground by flow or diffusion through rock or permeable material.
ENVO
ENVO:00000551
EcoLexicon:endorheic_basin
closed basin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endorheic_basin
terminal basin
A drainage basin from which there is no outflow of water, either on the surface as rivers, or underground by flow or diffusion through rock or permeable material.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endorheic_basin
talik
An area of unfrozen ground surrounded by permafrost.
ENVO
ENVO:00000552
Talik
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talik
NASA:earthrealm
Talik
An area of unfrozen ground surrounded by permafrost.
MA:ma
multipurpose dam
A dam constructed for more than one purpose.
ENVO
ENVO:00000553
A dam constructed for more than one purpose.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam#By_purpose
saddle dam
An auxiliary dam constructed to confine the reservoir created by a primary dam either to permit a higher water elevation and storage or to limit the extent of a reservoir for increased efficiency.
ENVO
ENVO:00000554
An auxiliary dam constructed to confine the reservoir created by a primary dam either to permit a higher water elevation and storage or to limit the extent of a reservoir for increased efficiency.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam#By_purpose
check dam
A dam designed to reduce flow velocity and control soil erosion.
ENVO
ENVO:00000555
SWEETRealm:CheckDam
A dam designed to reduce flow velocity and control soil erosion.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam#By_purpose
wing dam
A dam that only partly restricts a waterway, creating a faster channel that resists the accumulation of sediment.
ENVO
ENVO:00000556
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wing_dam
A dam that only partly restricts a waterway, creating a faster channel that resists the accumulation of sediment.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam#By_purpose
dry dam
A dam designed to control flooding. It normally holds back no water and allows the channel to flow freely, except during periods of intense flow that would otherwise cause flooding downstream.
ENVO
ENVO:00000557
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_dam
A dam designed to control flooding. It normally holds back no water and allows the channel to flow freely, except during periods of intense flow that would otherwise cause flooding downstream.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam#By_purpose
diversionary dam
A dam designed to divert all or a portion of the flow of a river from its natural course.
ENVO
ENVO:00000558
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversionary_dam
A dam designed to divert all or a portion of the flow of a river from its natural course.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam#By_purpose
weapons test site
A region at which weapons, typically military, are tested.
ENVO
ENVO:00000559
A region at which weapons, typically military, are tested.
MA:ma
nuclear weapons test site
A weapons test site at which nuclear weapons are, or have been, tested.
ENVO
ENVO:00000560
A weapons test site at which nuclear weapons are, or have been, tested.
MA:ma
military training area
A region in which military personnel train.
ENVO
ENVO:00000561
A region in which military personnel train.
MA:ma
park
A bounded area of land, or water, usually in its natural or semi-natural (landscaped) state and set aside for some purpose, usually to do with recreation or conservation.
ENVO
ENVO:00000562
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Park
A bounded area of land, or water, usually in its natural or semi-natural (landscaped) state and set aside for some purpose, usually to do with recreation or conservation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Park
pier
A raised walkway over water, supported by piles or pillars.
ENVO
ENVO:00000563
EcoLexicon:pier
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pier
A raised walkway over water, supported by piles or pillars.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pier
archeological site
A place (or group of physical sites) in which evidence of past activity is preserved (either prehistoric or historic or contemporary), and which is, has been, or may be, investigated using the discipline of archaeology.
ENVO
ENVO:00000564
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archeological_site
A place (or group of physical sites) in which evidence of past activity is preserved (either prehistoric or historic or contemporary), and which is, has been, or may be, investigated using the discipline of archaeology.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archeological_site
sports facility
A building or region where sports activities can be carried out.
ENVO
ENVO:00000565
A building or region where sports activities can be carried out.
MA:ma
winter sports facility
A sports facility constructed for skiing and allied sports that require snow and/or ice.
ENVO
ENVO:00000566
A sports facility constructed for skiing and allied sports that require snow and/or ice.
MA:ma
calanque
A deep valley with steep sides, typically of limestone, in part submerged by the sea.
ENVO
ENVO:00000567
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calanque
A deep valley with steep sides, typically of limestone, in part submerged by the sea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calanque
aerial habitat
A habitat that is solely in the air.
ENVO
ENVO:00000568
true
air
A habitat that is solely in the air.
NM:nm
marine habitat
A habitat that is in or on a sea or ocean containing high concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids (typically >35 grams dissolved salts per litre).
ENVO
ENVO:00000569
true
A habitat that is in or on a sea or ocean containing high concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids (typically >35 grams dissolved salts per litre).
NM:nm
brackish water habitat
A habitat that is in or on a body of water (as in estuaries) containing medium concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids (typically 0.5 to 35 grams dissolved salts per litre).
ENVO
ENVO:00000570
true
A habitat that is in or on a body of water (as in estuaries) containing medium concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids (typically 0.5 to 35 grams dissolved salts per litre).
NM:nm
arboreal habitat
A habitat in or on trees.
ENVO
ENVO:00000571
true
A habitat in or on trees.
NM:nm
subterrestrial habitat
A habitat that is below the surface of the earth.
ENVO
ENVO:00000572
hypogeal habitat
subterranean habitat
true
underground habitat
A habitat that is below the surface of the earth.
NM:nm
city
ENVO
ENVO:00000856
EcoLexicon:city
FTT:430
FTT:483
FTT:484
FTT:485
Incorporated populated place.
SWEETRealm:City
TGN:83020
TGN:83040
TGN:83043
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City
urban area
ADL:FTT
urban area
ADL:FTT
Incorporated populated place.
freshwater biome
A biome that applies to the freshwater realm.
ENVO
ENVO:00000873
SPIRE:Freshwater
freshwater realm
A biome that applies to the freshwater realm.
MA:ma
Tundra biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000874
ENVO:01000180
true
Temperate coniferous forest biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000875
ENVO:01000211
true
Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000876
ENVO:01000202
ENVO:01000212
true
Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrubland biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000877
ENVO:01000189
ENVO:01000193
ENVO:01000215
true
Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrub biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000878
ENVO:01000199
ENVO:01000208
ENVO:01000217
true
Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000879
ENVO:01000226
ENVO:01000228
true
Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000880
ENVO:01000225
ENVO:01000227
true
Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrubland biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000881
ENVO:01000187
ENVO:01000188
ENVO:01000191
ENVO:01000192
ENVO:01000213
ENVO:01000214
true
Montane grasslands and shrubland biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000882
ENVO:01000194
ENVO:01000216
true
Deserts and xeric shrubland biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000883
ENVO:01000179
ENVO:01000218
true
Mangrove biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000884
ENVO:01000181
true
Flooded grasslands and savanna biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000885
ENVO:01000190
ENVO:01000195
true
endolithic habitat
A habitat consisting of the spaces within rocks, such as pores between aggregate grains. Inhabited by endolithic organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00000886
true
A habitat consisting of the spaces within rocks, such as pores between aggregate grains. Inhabited by endolithic organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile#Types_of_extremophiles
large river biome
"Large" is ambiguous. For details on "Large rivers" (e.g. the Mekong river) see http://worldwildlife.org/biomes/large-river-ecosystems This class will be replaced with a less ambiguous class.
ENVO
ENVO:00000887
wwfBiome
large river headwater biome
"Large" is ambiguous. For details on "Large river headwaters" (e.g. the Upper Amazon headwaters) see http://worldwildlife.org/biomes/large-river-headwater-ecosystems This class will be replaced with a less ambiguous class.
ENVO
ENVO:00000888
wwfBiome
large river delta biome
"Large" is ambiguous. For details on "Large river deltas" (e.g. the Niger river delta) see http://worldwildlife.org/biomes/large-river-delta-ecosystems This class will be replaced with a less ambiguous class.
ENVO
ENVO:00000889
wwfBiome
small river biome
"Small" is ambiguous. For details on "Small rivers" (e.g. the Salween river) see http://worldwildlife.org/biomes/small-river-ecosystems. This class will be replaced with a less ambiguous class.
ENVO
ENVO:00000890
wwfBiome
large lake biome
"Large" is ambiguous. For details on "Large lakes" (e.g. African rift lakes) see http://worldwildlife.org/biomes/large-lake-ecosystems This class will be replaced with a less ambiguous class.
ENVO
ENVO:00000891
wwfBiome
small lake biome
"Small" is ambiguous. For details on "Small lakes" (e.g. Cameroon crater lakes) see http://worldwildlife.org/biomes/small-lake-ecosystems. This class will be replaced with a less ambiguous class.
ENVO
ENVO:00000892
wwfBiome
xeric basin biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000893
wwfBiome
The WWF definition is somewhat ambiguous, but workable.
A biome which has little permanent surface water and a low relative abundance of springs.
A biome which has little permanent surface water and a low relative abundance of springs.
https://www.worldwildlife.org/biomes/xeric-basin-ecosystems
polar biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000894
ENVO:01000186
true
temperate shelf and sea biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000895
Please refer to the terms in the neritic pelagic zone and neritic benthic zone branches (PLB: 2010-03-15)
true
temperate upwelling biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000896
Please use the appropriate terms in the marine biome branch in combination with the marine upwelling feature to specify an environment characterised by a marine upwelling (2010-03-15, PLB)
true
tropical upwelling biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000897
Please use the appropriate terms in the marine biome branch in combination with the marine upwelling feature to specify an environment characterised by a marine upwelling (2010-03-15, PLB)
true
tropical coral biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000898
ENVO:01000049
Please use terms in the marine coral reef branch of the Biome hierarchy (2010-03-15, PLB) to describe marine coral reefs.
true
rock
A rock is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids.
ENVO
ENVO:00001995
EcoLexicon:rock
FTT:1010
FTT:145
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ [A mineral] is different from a rock, which can be an aggregate of minerals or non-minerals and does not have a specific chemical composition. The exact definition of a mineral is under debate, especially with respect to the requirement a valid species be abiogenic, and to a lesser extent with regards to it having an ordered atomic structure.
Geonames:T.RK
Geonames:T.RKS
SWEETRealm:Rock
TGN:21444
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock
A rock is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids.
MA:ma
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology)
mine drainage
ENVO
ENVO:00001996
The outflow of water from a mine.
acid rock drainage
acid and metalliferous drainage
MA:ma
The outflow of water from a mine.
acid and metalliferous drainage
acid rock drainage
acid mine drainage
A mine drainage with an acidic pH.
ENVO
ENVO:00001997
acid rock drainage
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_mine_drainage
A mine drainage with an acidic pH.
MA:ma
acid rock drainage
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_mine_drainage
soil
ENVO
ENVO:00001998
LTER:535
SPIRE:Soil
SWEETRealm:Soil
Soil is an environmental material which is primarily composed of minerals, varying proportions of sand, silt, and clay, organic material such as humus, gases, liquids, and a broad range of resident micro- and macroorganisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil
The various 'has part' and 'has quality' relations may not hold true for all soils; however, I have yet to find counter examples. Require input from a pedologist or similar. [pbuttigieg]
regolith
'In engineering terms, soil is referred to as regolith, or loose rock material that lies above the 'solid geology'. Soil is commonly referred to as "earth" or "dirt"; technically, the term "dirt" should be restricted to displaced soil.' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil
" The upper limit of soil is the boundary between soil and air, shallow water, live plants, or plant materials that have not begun to decompose. Areas are not considered to have soil if the surface is permanently covered by water too deep (typically more than 2.5 meters) for the growth of rooted plants.
The lower boundary that separates soil from the nonsoil underneath is most difficult to define. Soil consists of horizons near the Earth's surface that, in contrast to the underlying parent material, have been altered by the interactions of climate, relief, and living organisms over time. Commonly, soil grades at its lower boundary to hard rock or to earthy materials virtually devoid of animals, roots, or other marks of biological activity. For purposes of classification, the lower boundary of soil is arbitrarily set at 200 cm." Soil taxonomy, 2nd Ed., quoted in http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/edu/?cid=nrcs142p2_054280
Soil is an environmental material which is primarily composed of minerals, varying proportions of sand, silt, and clay, organic material such as humus, gases, liquids, and a broad range of resident micro- and macroorganisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil
marine water body
A significant accumulation of water which is part of a marine biome.
ENVO
ENVO:00001999
Ideas like "significant" are fuzzy and need to be modelled more accurately. The definition is a candidate for review.
body of marine water
marine waterbody
slope
ENVO
ENVO:00002000
EcoLexicon:slope
SWEETRealm:Slope
The part of an elevation or depression between the relatively flat surrounding area and the peak of a mount or the bottom of a depression.
flank
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slope
side
MA:ma
The part of an elevation or depression between the relatively flat surrounding area and the peak of a mount or the bottom of a depression.
waste water
ENVO
ENVO:00002001
EcoLexicon:waste_water
SWEETRealm:Wastewater
Water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste_water
Water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater
obsolete food product
ENVO
ENVO:00002002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food
true
The FAO has the following definition for "food": "Any substance, whether processed, semi-processed, or raw, which is intended for human consumption, and includes drink, chewing gum and any substance which has been used in the manufacture, preparation or treatment of "food" but does not include cosmetics or tobacco or substances used only as drugs." (Nutrition Division/Meeting Programming and Documentation Service, FAO, 2013 (MI198) adopted from Codex Alimentarius Commission, Procedural Manual, Twentieth edition, 2011 (ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Publications/ProcManuals/Manual_20e.pdf). )
feces
ENVO
ENVO:00002003
EcoLexicon:drop
Feces is an excreta consisting of waste products expelled from an animal's digestive tract through the anus (or cloaca) during defecation.
SPIRE:Dung
SWEETRealm:Drop
This is distinct from classes such as http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001988 in that it refers to the environmental material composed primarily of feces rather than 'just' feces.
droppings
faeces
frass
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feces
pellet
Feces is an excreta consisting of waste products expelled from an animal's digestive tract through the anus (or cloaca) during defecation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feces
mesoscopic physical object
An environmental feature that is, or can be, contained and is predominantly composed of one or a few types of stuff.
ENVO
ENVO:00002004
discrete solid movable (transportable).
An environmental feature that is, or can be, contained and is predominantly composed of one or a few types of stuff.
MA:ma
air
ENVO
ENVO:00002005
EcoLexicon:air
LTER:18
SWEETRealm:Air
The mixture of gases (roughly (by molar content/volume: 78% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.038% carbon dioxide, trace amounts of other gases, and a variable amount (average around 1%) of water vapor) that surrounds the planet Earth.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air
The mixture of gases (roughly (by molar content/volume: 78% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.038% carbon dioxide, trace amounts of other gases, and a variable amount (average around 1%) of water vapor) that surrounds the planet Earth.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air
water
An environmental material primarily composed of dihydrogen oxide in its liquid form.
ENVO
ENVO:00002006
EcoLexicon:water
LTER:617
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water
An environmental material primarily composed of dihydrogen oxide in its liquid form.
MA:ma
sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002007
EcoLexicon:sediment
EcoLexicon:sedimentation
LTER:492
LTER:493
SWEETRealm:Sediment
Sediment is an environmental substance comprised of any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bedor bottom of a body of water or other liquid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sediment
Sediment is an environmental substance comprised of any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bedor bottom of a body of water or other liquid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sediment
dust
ENVO
ENVO:00002008
EcoLexicon:dust
Minute solid particles with diameters less than 500 micrometers. Occurs in and may be deposited from, the atmosphere.
SWEETRealm:Dust
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dust
Minute solid particles with diameters less than 500 micrometers. Occurs in and may be deposited from, the atmosphere.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dust
terrestrial habitat
A habitat that is on or at the boundary of the surface of the Earth.
ENVO
ENVO:00002009
true
A habitat that is on or at the boundary of the surface of the Earth.
NM:nm
saline water
ENVO
ENVO:00002010
EcoLexicon:saltwater
SWEETRealm:SalineWater
SWEETRealm:SaltWater
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_water
salt water
seawater
fresh water
ENVO
ENVO:00002011
EcoLexicon:fresh_water
LTER:216
SWEETRealm:FreshWater
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresh_water
freshwater
hypersaline water
ENVO
ENVO:00002012
igneous rock
ENVO
ENVO:00002013
EcoLexicon:igneous_rock
Rock formed from molten magma.
SWEETRealm:IgneousRock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rock
Rock formed from molten magma.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_%28geology%29
plutonic rock
An igneous rock that results from the crystallization of a magma below the surface of the Earth.
ENVO
ENVO:00002014
SWEETRealm:IntrusiveRock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonic_rock
intrusive rock
An igneous rock that results from the crystallization of a magma below the surface of the Earth.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonic_rock
volcanic rock
An igneous rock that results from magma reaching the surface either as lava or fragmental ejecta.
Due to the general suggestion that volcanic rock simply comes from a volcanic process, it's not immediately clear whether this is interchangeable with igneous rock.
ENVO
ENVO:00002015
EcoLexicon:volcanic_rock
SWEETRealm:VolcanicRock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_rock
An igneous rock that results from magma reaching the surface either as lava or fragmental ejecta.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_%28geology%29
sedimentary rock
A rock formed by deposition of either clastic sediments, organic matter, or chemical precipitates (evaporites), followed by compaction of the particulate matter and cementation during diagenesis.
ENVO
ENVO:00002016
EcoLexicon:sedimentary_rock
SWEETRealm:SedimentaryRock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rock
A rock formed by deposition of either clastic sediments, organic matter, or chemical precipitates (evaporites), followed by compaction of the particulate matter and cementation during diagenesis.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_%28geology%29
metamorphic rock
A rock formed by subjecting any rock type (including previously-formed metamorphic rock) to different temperature and pressure conditions than those in which the original rock was formed. These temperatures and pressures are always higher than those at the Earth's surface and must be sufficiently high so as to change the original minerals into other mineral types or else into other forms of the same minerals (e.g. by recrystallisation).
ENVO
ENVO:00002017
EcoLexicon:metamorphic_rock
SWEETRealm:MetamorphicRock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rock
A rock formed by subjecting any rock type (including previously-formed metamorphic rock) to different temperature and pressure conditions than those in which the original rock was formed. These temperatures and pressures are always higher than those at the Earth's surface and must be sufficiently high so as to change the original minerals into other mineral types or else into other forms of the same minerals (e.g. by recrystallisation).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_%28geology%29
sewage
ENVO
ENVO:00002018
SWEETRealm:Sewage
Wastewater that is contaminated with feces or urine,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage
Wastewater that is contaminated with feces or urine,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater
brackish water
ENVO
ENVO:00002019
EcoLexicon:brackish_water
LTER:702
SPIRE:Brackish_water
SWEETRealm:BrackishWater
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brackish_water
extreme habitat
A habitat having at least one environmental quality that tends towards either the largest or smallest element of the set. The physical or geochemical extreme conditions found in an extreme habitat are often detrimental to the majority of life on Earth.
ENVO
ENVO:00002020
true
A habitat having at least one environmental quality that tends towards either the largest or smallest element of the set. The physical or geochemical extreme conditions found in an extreme habitat are often detrimental to the majority of life on Earth.
NM:nm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile#Types_of_extremophiles
acid habitat
A habitat in which the pH is <pH3. Inhabited by acidophilic organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00002021
ENVO:01000315
true
A habitat in which the pH is <pH3. Inhabited by acidophilic organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile#Types_of_extremophiles
alkaline habitat
A habitat in which the pH is >pH9. Inhabited by alkaliphilic organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00002022
ENVO:01000316
true
A habitat in which the pH is >pH9. Inhabited by alkaliphilic organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile#Types_of_extremophiles
high pressure habitat
A habitat characterized by high gas or liquid pressure, inhabited by barophilic (piezophilic) organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00002023
true
A habitat characterized by high gas or liquid pressure, inhabited by barophilic (piezophilic) organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile#Types_of_extremophiles
haline habitat
A habitat characterized by a concentration of salt at least 2M. Inhabited by halophilic organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00002024
true
A habitat characterized by a concentration of salt at least 2M. Inhabited by halophilic organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile#Types_of_extremophiles
high temperature habitat
A habitat characterized by an average temperature of at least 60deg C. Inhabited by thermophilic organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00002025
true
A habitat characterized by an average temperature of at least 60deg C. Inhabited by thermophilic organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile#Types_of_extremophiles
cold temperature habitat
A habitat characterized by an average temperature of 15deg C or lower. Inhabited by psychrophilic (cryophilic) organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00002026
true
A habitat characterized by an average temperature of 15deg C or lower. Inhabited by psychrophilic (cryophilic) organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile#Types_of_extremophiles
extreme high temperature habitat
A habitat characterized by an average temperature of at least 80deg C. Inhabited by hyperthermophilic organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00002027
true
A habitat characterized by an average temperature of at least 80deg C. Inhabited by hyperthermophilic organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile#Types_of_extremophiles
high osmolarity habitat
A habitat characterized by a high osmolarity, typically the result of a high concentration of sugars. Inhabited by osmophilic organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00002028
true
A habitat characterized by a high osmolarity, typically the result of a high concentration of sugars. Inhabited by osmophilic organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile#Types_of_extremophiles
extraterrestial habitat
ENVO
ENVO:00002029
true
aquatic biome
ENVO
ENVO:00002030
LTER:41
anthropogenic habitat
A habitat that is in or on an environmental feature or material derived from human activity.
ENVO
ENVO:00002031
true
A habitat that is in or on an environmental feature or material derived from human activity.
NM:nm
organism-associated habitat
A habitat that is in or on a living thing.
ENVO
ENVO:00002032
true
A habitat that is in or on a living thing.
NM:nm
carcass
ENVO
ENVO:00002033
The dead body of an animal.
corpse
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcass
MA:ma
The dead body of an animal.
biofilm
A complex aggregation of microorganisms marked by the excretion of a protective and adhesive matrix; usually adhering to a substratum.
ENVO
ENVO:00002034
EcoLexicon:biofilm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofilm
A complex aggregation of microorganisms marked by the excretion of a protective and adhesive matrix; usually adhering to a substratum.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofilm
meteorite
A natural object originating in outer space that survives an impact with the Earth's surface without being destroyed.
ENVO
ENVO:00002035
SWEETRealm:Meteorite
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteorite
A natural object originating in outer space that survives an impact with the Earth's surface without being destroyed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteorite
obsolete habitat
A spatial region having environmental qualities which may sustain an organism or a community of organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00002036
EcoLexicon:habitat
LTER:238
SWEETRealm:Habitat
This class is under development and its definition will be revised and its subclasses may be made obsolete. A habitat's specificity to a species or population will differentiate it from other environment classes.
biotope
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat
true
ENVO:01000739
A spatial region having environmental qualities which may sustain an organism or a community of organisms.
EnvO:EnvO
freshwater habitat
A habitat that is in or on a body of water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids (<0.5 grams dissolved salts per litre).
ENVO
ENVO:00002037
ENVO:01000306
true
A habitat that is in or on a body of water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids (<0.5 grams dissolved salts per litre).
NM:nm
WWF biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000446
ENVO:00002038
WWF major habitat type
true
bone
ENVO
ENVO:00002039
The rigid organs that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone
true
The rigid organs that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone
wood
ENVO
ENVO:00002040
EcoLexicon:wood
LTER:637
SWEETRealm:Wood
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood
ground water
ENVO
ENVO:00002041
EcoLexicon:groundwater
LTER:235
SWEETRealm:Groundwater
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_water
surface water
ENVO
ENVO:00002042
EcoLexicon:surface_water
SWEETRealm:SurfaceWater
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_water
wastewater treatment plant
ENVO
ENVO:00002043
EcoLexicon:wastewater_treatment_plant
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewater_treatment_plant
sludge
ENVO
ENVO:00002044
EcoLexicon:sludge
The residual semi-solid material left from domestic or industrial processes, or wastewater treatment processes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sludge
The residual semi-solid material left from domestic or industrial processes, or wastewater treatment processes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sludge
anaerobic sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002045
Sediment characterised by the absence of oxygen.
anoxic sediment
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by the absence of oxygen.
activated sludge
ENVO
ENVO:00002046
EcoLexicon:active_sludge
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activated_sludge
urine
ENVO
ENVO:00002047
Urine is a liquid excreta containing water and waste products made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine
MA:ma
URL:http://www.stjude.org/stjude/hospital/med_terms.jsp
Urine is a liquid excreta containing water and waste products made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra.
chondrite
A stony meteorite that have not been modified due to melting or differentiation of the parent body.
ENVO
ENVO:00002048
SWEETRealm:Chondrite
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrite
A stony meteorite that have not been modified due to melting or differentiation of the parent body.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrite
stony meteorite
ENVO
ENVO:00002049
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stony_meteorite
achondrite
A stony meteorite that is made of material similar to terrestrial basalts or plutonic rocks.
ENVO
ENVO:00002050
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achondrite
A stony meteorite that is made of material similar to terrestrial basalts or plutonic rocks.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achondrite
stony-iron meteorite
A meteorite that consists of a mixture of iron-nickel metal and silicate minerals.
ENVO
ENVO:00002051
A meteorite that consists of a mixture of iron-nickel metal and silicate minerals.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteorite#Meteorite_types
iron meteorite
A meteorite that overwhelmingly of nickel-iron alloys.
ENVO
ENVO:00002052
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_meteorite
A meteorite that overwhelmingly of nickel-iron alloys.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_meteorite
limestone
A sedimentary rock composed largely of the mineral calcite.
ENVO
ENVO:00002053
EcoLexicon:limestone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone
A sedimentary rock composed largely of the mineral calcite.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone
chalk
A soft, white, porous limestone.
ENVO
ENVO:00002054
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalk
A soft, white, porous limestone.
MA:ma
sandstone
A sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-size mineral or rock grains.
ENVO
ENVO:00002055
EcoLexicon:sandstone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandstone
A sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-size mineral or rock grains.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandstone
shale
A fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. It is characterized by thin laminae breaking with an irregular curving fracture, often splintery and usually parallel to the often-indistinguishable bedding plane.
ENVO
ENVO:00002056
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shale
A fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. It is characterized by thin laminae breaking with an irregular curving fracture, often splintery and usually parallel to the often-indistinguishable bedding plane.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shale
raw primary sludge
ENVO
ENVO:00002057
secondary sludge
ENVO
ENVO:00002058
biosolids
A treated form of sludge, sometimes used as a fertilizer in agriculture.
ENVO
ENVO:00002059
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosolids
A treated form of sludge, sometimes used as a fertilizer in agriculture.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sludge
oil sludge
A solid or gel in motor oil caused by the oil gelling or solidifying, usually at temperatures lower than 100deg C.
ENVO
ENVO:00002060
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_sludge
A solid or gel in motor oil caused by the oil gelling or solidifying, usually at temperatures lower than 100deg C.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_sludge
oil spill
ENVO
ENVO:00002061
SWEETRealm:OilSpill
The result of the unintentional release of liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment as a result of human activity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_spill
The result of the unintentional release of liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment as a result of human activity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_spill
oil
Deleted due to multiple occurence of the same term.
ENVO
ENVO:00002062
ENVO:00002985
MA:ma
OBSOLETE.
true
MA:ma
OBSOLETE.
oil seep
ENVO
ENVO:00002063
The result of the release of natural hydrocarbons to the surface of the earth, including beneath the sea, by natural geological processes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_seep
methane seep
petroleam seep
MA:ma
The result of the release of natural hydrocarbons to the surface of the earth, including beneath the sea, by natural geological processes.
gold mine drainage
ENVO
ENVO:00002112
marine sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002113
EcoLexicon:marine_sediment
EcoLexicon:marine_sedimentation
Marine sediment is a sediment that accumulates in the flat or very gently sloping areas of the deep ocean basin floor. The three main types of marine sediment, also known as pelagic sediment, are siliceous oozes, calcareous oozes, and red clays.
SWEETRealm:MarineSediment
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_sediment
pelagic sediment {alternative name}
Marine sediment is a sediment that accumulates in the flat or very gently sloping areas of the deep ocean basin floor. The three main types of marine sediment, also known as pelagic sediment, are siliceous oozes, calcareous oozes, and red clays.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_sediment#_note-8
contaminated sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002114
petroleum contaminated sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002115
contaminated soil
"contaminant" is more of a disposition - any material entity can be a contaminant in particular circumstances.
A portion of contaminated soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of some contaminant.
ENVO
ENVO:00002116
creosote contaminated soil
ENVO
ENVO:00002117
sea sand
ENVO
ENVO:00002118
alkaline hot spring
A hot spring whose water has an alkaline pH.
ENVO
ENVO:00002119
A hot spring whose water has an alkaline pH.
MA:ma
acid hot spring
A hot spring whose water has an acidic pH.
ENVO
ENVO:00002120
acidic hot spring
A hot spring whose water has an acidic pH.
MA:ma
alkaline salt lake
ENVO
ENVO:00002121
soda lake
arsenic-rich mud
ENVO
ENVO:00002122
bioreactor
ENVO
ENVO:00002123
EcoLexicon:bioreactor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioreactor
anaerobic bioreactor
ENVO
ENVO:00002124
anaerobic dechlorinating bioreactor
A device or system that supports a biologically active environment. A vessel in which is carried out a chemical process which involves organisms or biochemically active substances derived from such organisms. This process can either be aerobic or anaerobic.
ENVO
ENVO:00002125
A device or system that supports a biologically active environment. A vessel in which is carried out a chemical process which involves organisms or biochemically active substances derived from such organisms. This process can either be aerobic or anaerobic.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioreactor
aerobic bioreactor
ENVO
ENVO:00002126
stream sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002127
Revise adjacent to. Consider sampled stream sediment. Dry stream sediment.
mesophilic sulfur spring
ENVO
ENVO:00002128
anaerobic sludge
ENVO
ENVO:00002129
hypolimnion
ENVO
ENVO:00002130
EcoLexicon:hypolimnion
The dense, bottom layer of water in a thermally-stratified lake. It is the layer that lies below the thermocline.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypolimnion
The dense, bottom layer of water in a thermally-stratified lake. It is the layer that lies below the thermocline.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypolimnion
epilimnion
ENVO
ENVO:00002131
EcoLexicon:epilimnion_
The top-most layer in a thermally stratified lake, occurring above the deeper hypolimnion. It is warmer and typically has a higher pH and dissolved oxygen concentration than the hypolimnion.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epilimnion
The top-most layer in a thermally stratified lake, occurring above the deeper hypolimnion. It is warmer and typically has a higher pH and dissolved oxygen concentration than the hypolimnion.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epilimnion
metalimnion
ENVO
ENVO:00002132
Especially used in connection with lakes.
The layer within a body of water or air where the temperature changes rapidly with depth.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalimnion
The layer within a body of water or air where the temperature changes rapidly with depth.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalimnion
anaerobic mud
ENVO
ENVO:00002133
anoxic mud
anaerobic stream sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002134
treated wood
ENVO
ENVO:00002135
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treated_wood
arsenate treated wood
ENVO
ENVO:00002136
brackish estuary
ENVO
ENVO:00002137
beach sand
ENVO
ENVO:00002138
pebble
A clastic rock with a particle size of 4 to 64 millimeters based on the Krumbein phi scale of sedimentology.
ENVO
ENVO:00002139
EcoLexicon:pebble
SWEETRealm:Pebble
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pebble
A clastic rock with a particle size of 4 to 64 millimeters based on the Krumbein phi scale of sedimentology.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pebble
cobble
A rock or rock fragment with a particle size between 64 and 256 mm.
ENVO
ENVO:00002140
EcoLexicon:cobble
SWEETRealm:Cobble
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobble
A rock or rock fragment with a particle size between 64 and 256 mm.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobble
leachate
ENVO
ENVO:00002141
The liquid produced when water percolates through any permeable material. It can contain either dissolved or suspended material, or usually both.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leachate
The liquid produced when water percolates through any permeable material. It can contain either dissolved or suspended material, or usually both.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leachate
borax leachate
ENVO
ENVO:00002142
calcite hot spring
ENVO
ENVO:00002143
cave wall
ENVO
ENVO:00002144
chromate contaminated soil
ENVO
ENVO:00002145
xylene contaminated soil
ENVO
ENVO:00002146
coal mine lake sediment
Coal mine lake sediment is lake sediment which covers the bottom of a coal mine lake.
ENVO
ENVO:00002147
coarse beach sand
ENVO
ENVO:00002148
sea water
ENVO
ENVO:00002149
EcoLexicon:sea_water
LTER:701
SWEETRealm:SeaWater
This definition refers to water that is actually in a sea or ocean.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_water
seawater
ocean water
coastal sea water
Coastal sea water is sea water that is adjacent to a coast.
ENVO
ENVO:00002150
The limits of what qualifies as "adjacent to" vary greatly. This should be defined on a data level and is left intentionally fuzzy here. The label is "coastal sea water" rather than "coastal water" as some large lakes are often said to have coasts.
coastal ocean water
coastal oceanic water
coastal seawater
coastal water
ocean water
ENVO
ENVO:00002151
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_water
true
biofilter
ENVO
ENVO:00002152
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofilter
compost biofilter
ENVO
ENVO:00002153
radioactive sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002154
high-level radioactive sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002155
Superfund site
A highly contaminated site designated by the United States of America's Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act.
ENVO
ENVO:00002156
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superfund_Site
A highly contaminated site designated by the United States of America's Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superfund_site
stromatolite mat
ENVO
ENVO:00002157
ditch water
ENVO
ENVO:00002158
drilling bore water
ENVO
ENVO:00002159
estuarine mud
ENVO
ENVO:00002160
obsolete fermented agave juice
ENVO
ENVO:00002161
true
obsolete fermenting sugar cane juice
ENVO
ENVO:00002162
true
obsolete fermenting Elaeis Palm sap
ENVO
ENVO:00002163
true
fossil
ENVO
ENVO:00002164
SWEETRealm:Fossil
The mineralized or otherwise preserved remains or traces (such as footprints) of animals, plants, and other organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil
The mineralized or otherwise preserved remains or traces (such as footprints) of animals, plants, and other organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil
obsolete meat food product
ENVO
ENVO:00002165
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meat
true
obsolete sausage
ENVO
ENVO:00002166
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sausage
true
platinum mine
ENVO
ENVO:00002167
gold mine
ENVO
ENVO:00002168
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_mine
coal mine
ENVO
ENVO:00002169
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_mine
compost
ENVO
ENVO:00002170
The aerobically decomposed remnants of organic materials.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compost
The aerobically decomposed remnants of organic materials.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compost
hay compost
ENVO
ENVO:00002171
obsolete liver paste
ENVO
ENVO:00002172
true
hospital
ENVO
ENVO:00002173
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital
A hospital is a building in which health care services are provided by specialized staff and equipment.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital
A hospital is a building in which health care services are provided by specialized staff and equipment.
obsolete hot dog
ENVO
ENVO:00002174
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_dog
true
obsolete processed meat product
ENVO
ENVO:00002175
prepared meat product
true
contaminated sludge
ENVO
ENVO:00002176
1,4-dioxane contaminated sludge
ENVO
ENVO:00002177
iron-reducing zone of petroleum contaminated sediment
A zone within a portion of petroleum contaminated sediment within which iron-reducing processes occur.
ENVO
ENVO:00002178
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
intertidal sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002179
naphthalene contaminated sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002180
neutral hot spring
A hot spring whose water has a neutral pH.
ENVO
ENVO:00002181
A hot spring whose water has a neutral pH.
MA:ma
nitrobenzene contaminated sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002182
oil tank
ENVO
ENVO:00002183
A manufactured container within which oil or other petrochemical products are stored and which these products are usually transported to end users or further storage facilities.
Consider using http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 as a super-class
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_terminal
A manufactured container within which oil or other petrochemical products are stored and which these products are usually transported to end users or further storage facilities.
underground physiographic feature
ENVO
ENVO:00002184
oil reservoir
ENVO
ENVO:00002185
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_reservoir
contaminated water
ENVO
ENVO:00002186
EcoLexicon:water_pollution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contaminated_water
polluted water
obsolete milk formula
ENVO
ENVO:00002187
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_formula
true
obsolete powdered milk formula
ENVO
ENVO:00002188
true
obsolete cheese product
ENVO
ENVO:00002189
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheese
true
obsolete yogurt
ENVO
ENVO:00002190
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogurt
true
yoghourt
yoghurt
yougert
animal litter
ENVO
ENVO:00002191
Straw or other material strewn in an animal's enclosure (e.g. a stable) for it to sleep on and to absorb its faeces and urine.
Straw or other material strewn in an animal's enclosure (e.g. a stable) for it to sleep on and to absorb its faeces and urine.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litter_%28disambiguation%29
poultry litter
ENVO
ENVO:00002192
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poultry_litter
pulp-bleaching waste water
ENVO
ENVO:00002193
oil field production water
ENVO
ENVO:00002194
pyritic acid mine drainage
ENVO
ENVO:00002195
aquarium
ENVO
ENVO:00002196
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquarium
An aquarium is a vivarium which simulates the submerged portions of an aquatic environment
An aquarium is a vivarium which simulates the submerged portions of an aquatic environment
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivarium
saline water aquarium
ENVO
ENVO:00002197
salt water aquarium
A saline water aquarium is an aquarium which contains saline water as its primary ecological medium.
fresh water aquarium
ENVO
ENVO:00002198
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresh_water_aquarium
A fresh water aquarium is an aquarium which contains fresh water as its primary ecological medium.
sandy beach
ENVO
ENVO:00002199
sea ice
ENVO
ENVO:00002200
SWEETRealm:SeaIce
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_ice
A frozen portion of sea water.
cis-dichloroethane contaminated sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002201
organically contaminated sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002202
inorganically contaminated sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002203
anthropogenic contamination feature
ENVO
ENVO:00002204
unexploded-ordnance dump
ENVO
ENVO:00002205
coal mine waste material
ENVO
ENVO:00002206
coal refuse
coal mine waste
self-heating coal mine waste material
ENVO
ENVO:00002207
self-heating coal mine waste
saline lake sediment
ENVO
ENVO:00002209
Saline lake sediment is sediment which covers the bottom of a saline lake.
soda lake sediment
sulfide-oxidizing bioreactor
ENVO
ENVO:00002210
thermophilic anaerobic methanogenic reactor
ENVO
ENVO:00002211
thermophilic granular sludge
ENVO
ENVO:00002212
anaerobic sludge blanket reactor
ENVO
ENVO:00002213
power plant
ENVO
ENVO:00002214
SWEETRealm:PowerPlant
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_plant
generating station
power station
A power plant is a building which contains one or more generators which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the relative motion between a magnetic field and a conductor. The energy source harnessed to turn the generator varies widely.
powerhouse
generating plant
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_station
A power plant is a building which contains one or more generators which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the relative motion between a magnetic field and a conductor. The energy source harnessed to turn the generator varies widely.
geothermal power plant
ENVO
ENVO:00002215
SWEETRealm:GeothermalPowerPlant
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_power_plant
A geothermal power plant is a power plant which uses heat generated by the decay of radioactive isotopes in the Earth's mantle and crust as well as primordial heat left over from the formation of the Earth to drive its generators.
A geothermal power plant is a power plant which uses heat generated by the decay of radioactive isotopes in the Earth's mantle and crust as well as primordial heat left over from the formation of the Earth to drive its generators.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth's_internal_heat_budget
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_energy
obsolete plant food product
ENVO
ENVO:00002216
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable
true
Currently, this is limited to the Viridiplantae. This may be changed.
obsolete cabbage product
ENVO
ENVO:00002217
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabbage
true
obsolete commercial yogurt
ENVO
ENVO:00002218
true
obsolete cheese starter culture
ENVO
ENVO:00002219
true
cheese spoilage
ENVO
ENVO:00002220
true
shop
ENVO
ENVO:00002221
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shop
food shop
ENVO
ENVO:00002222
oligotrophic water
ENVO
ENVO:00002223
Water with a very low nutrient level.
MA:ma
Water with a very low nutrient level.
eutrophic water
ENVO
ENVO:00002224
Water with a high nutrient level.
MA:ma
Water with a high nutrient level.
mesotrophic water
ENVO
ENVO:00002225
Water with a nutrient level intermediate between eutrophic and oligotrophic.
MA:ma
Water with a nutrient level intermediate between eutrophic and oligotrophic.
borehole
ENVO
ENVO:00002226
SWEETRealm:Borehole
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borehole
saline water habitat
A habitat that is in or on a body of water containing medium to high concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids (>=0.5 grams dissolved salts per litre).
ENVO
ENVO:00002227
salt water habitat
true
A habitat that is in or on a body of water containing medium to high concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids (>=0.5 grams dissolved salts per litre).
NM:nm
pond water
ENVO
ENVO:00002228
arenosol
Arenosols are sandy soils, including both soils developed in residual sands after in situ weathering of usually quartz-rich sediments or rock, and soils developed in recently deposited sands such as dunes in deserts and beach lands.
ENVO
ENVO:00002229
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenosol
psamment
sandy soil
Arenosols are sandy soils, including both soils developed in residual sands after in situ weathering of usually quartz-rich sediments or rock, and soils developed in recently deposited sands such as dunes in deserts and beach lands.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
ORCID:0000-0001-8743-9574
sandy soil
anthrosol
Anthrosols comprise soils that have been modified profoundly through human activities, such as addition of organic materials or household wastes, irrigation and cultivation.
ENVO
ENVO:00002230
Anthrosols comprise soils that have been modified profoundly through human activities, such as addition of organic materials or household wastes, irrigation and cultivation.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
alisol
Alisols are soils that have a higher clay content in the subsoil than in the topsoil as a result of pedogenetic processes (especially clay migration) leading to an argic subsoil horizon. Alisols have a low base saturation at certain depths and high-activity clays throughout the argic horizon. They lack the albeluvic tonguing as in Albeluvisols. They occur predominantly in humid tropical, humid subtropical and warm temperate regions.
ENVO
ENVO:00002231
Alisols are soils that have a higher clay content in the subsoil than in the topsoil as a result of pedogenetic processes (especially clay migration) leading to an argic subsoil horizon. Alisols have a low base saturation at certain depths and high-activity clays throughout the argic horizon. They lack the albeluvic tonguing as in Albeluvisols. They occur predominantly in humid tropical, humid subtropical and warm temperate regions.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
andosol
Andosols are soils that develop in volcanic ejecta or glasses under almost any climate (except under hyperarid climate conditions). However, Andosols may also develop in other silicate-rich materials under acid weathering in humid and perhumid climates.
ENVO
ENVO:00002232
Andosols are soils that develop in volcanic ejecta or glasses under almost any climate (except under hyperarid climate conditions). However, Andosols may also develop in other silicate-rich materials under acid weathering in humid and perhumid climates.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
albeluvisol
Albeluvisols are soils that have, beginning within 1 m of the soil surface, a clay illuviation horizon with an irregular or broken upper boundary resulting in tonguing of bleached soil material into the illuviation horizon.
ENVO
ENVO:00002233
Albeluvisols are soils that have, beginning within 1 m of the soil surface, a clay illuviation horizon with an irregular or broken upper boundary resulting in tonguing of bleached soil material into the illuviation horizon.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
acrisol
Acrisols are soils that have a higher clay content in the subsoil than in the topsoil as a result of pedogenetic processes (especially clay migration) leading to an argic subsoil horizon. Acrisols have in certain depths a low base saturation and low-activity clays.
ENVO
ENVO:00002234
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrisol
Acrisols are soils that have a higher clay content in the subsoil than in the topsoil as a result of pedogenetic processes (especially clay migration) leading to an argic subsoil horizon. Acrisols have in certain depths a low base saturation and low-activity clays.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
cambisol
Cambisols combine soils with at least an incipient subsurface soil formation. Transformation of parent material is evident from structure formation and mostly brownish discoloration, increasing clay percentage, and/or carbonate removal.
ENVO
ENVO:00002235
Cambisols combine soils with at least an incipient subsurface soil formation. Transformation of parent material is evident from structure formation and mostly brownish discoloration, increasing clay percentage, and/or carbonate removal.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
cryosol
Cryosols comprise mineral soils formed in a permafrost environment. Where water is present, it occurs primarily in the form of ice. Cryogenic processes are the dominant soil-forming processes.
ENVO
ENVO:00002236
gelisol
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryosol
Cryosols comprise mineral soils formed in a permafrost environment. Where water is present, it occurs primarily in the form of ice. Cryogenic processes are the dominant soil-forming processes.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
chernozem
Chernozems are soils with a thick black surface layer that is rich in organic matter.
ENVO
ENVO:00002237
black earth
boroll
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernozem
Chernozems are soils with a thick black surface layer that is rich in organic matter.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
durisol
Durisols are associated mainly with old surfaces in arid and semi-arid environments and accommodate very shallow to moderately deep, moderately well- to well-drained soils that contain cemented secondary silica (SiO2) within 100 cm of the soil surface.
ENVO
ENVO:00002238
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durisol
Durisols are associated mainly with old surfaces in arid and semi-arid environments and accommodate very shallow to moderately deep, moderately well- to well-drained soils that contain cemented secondary silica (SiO2) within 100 cm of the soil surface.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
calcisol
Calcisols are soils in which there is substantial secondary accumulation of lime. Calcisols are common in highly calcareous parent materials and widespread in arid and semi-arid environments.
ENVO
ENVO:00002239
Calcisols are soils in which there is substantial secondary accumulation of lime. Calcisols are common in highly calcareous parent materials and widespread in arid and semi-arid environments.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
kastanozem
ENVO
ENVO:00002240
Kastanozems are dry grassland soils, among them the zonal soils of the short-grass steppe belt, south of the Eurasian tall-grass steppe belt with Chernozems. Kastanozems have a similar profile to that of Chernozems but the humus-rich surface horizon is thinner and not as dark as that of the Chernozems and they show more prominent accumulation of secondary carbonates.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Kastanozems are dry grassland soils, among them the zonal soils of the short-grass steppe belt, south of the Eurasian tall-grass steppe belt with Chernozems. Kastanozems have a similar profile to that of Chernozems but the humus-rich surface horizon is thinner and not as dark as that of the Chernozems and they show more prominent accumulation of secondary carbonates.
leptosol
ENVO
ENVO:00002241
Leptosols are very shallow soils over continuous rock and soils that are extremely gravelly and/or stony. Leptosols are azonal soils and particularly common in mountainous regions.
gravelly soil
stony soil
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Leptosols are very shallow soils over continuous rock and soils that are extremely gravelly and/or stony. Leptosols are azonal soils and particularly common in mountainous regions.
lixisol
ENVO
ENVO:00002242
Lixisols are soils that have a higher clay content in the subsoil than in the topsoil as a result of pedogenetic processes (especially clay migration) leading to an argic subsoil horizon. Lixisols have a high base saturation and low-activity clays at certain depths.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lixisol
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Lixisols are soils that have a higher clay content in the subsoil than in the topsoil as a result of pedogenetic processes (especially clay migration) leading to an argic subsoil horizon. Lixisols have a high base saturation and low-activity clays at certain depths.
histosol
ENVO
ENVO:00002243
Histosols comprise soils formed in organic material. These vary from soils developed in predominantly moss peat in boreal, arctic and subarctic regions, via moss peat, reeds/ sedge peat (fen) and forest peat in temperate regions to mangrove peat and swamp forest peat in the humid tropics. Histosols are found at all altitudes, but the vast majority occurs in lowlands.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histosol
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Histosols comprise soils formed in organic material. These vary from soils developed in predominantly moss peat in boreal, arctic and subarctic regions, via moss peat, reeds/ sedge peat (fen) and forest peat in temperate regions to mangrove peat and swamp forest peat in the humid tropics. Histosols are found at all altitudes, but the vast majority occurs in lowlands.
gleysol
ENVO
ENVO:00002244
Gleysols are wetland soils that, unless drained, are saturated with groundwater for long enough periods to develop a characteristic gleyic colour pattern. This pattern is essentially made up of reddish, brownish or yellowish colours at ped surfaces and/or in the upper soil layer or layers, in combination with greyish/bluish colours inside the peds and/or deeper in the soil.
gley soil
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleysol
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Gleysols are wetland soils that, unless drained, are saturated with groundwater for long enough periods to develop a characteristic gleyic colour pattern. This pattern is essentially made up of reddish, brownish or yellowish colours at ped surfaces and/or in the upper soil layer or layers, in combination with greyish/bluish colours inside the peds and/or deeper in the soil.
gypsisol
ENVO
ENVO:00002245
Gypsisols are soils with substantial secondary accumulation of gypsum (calcium sulfate). These soils are found in the driest parts of the arid climate zone.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gypsisol
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Gypsisols are soils with substantial secondary accumulation of gypsum (calcium sulfate). These soils are found in the driest parts of the arid climate zone.
ferralsol
ENVO
ENVO:00002246
Ferralsols represent the classical, deeply weathered, red or yellow soils of the humid tropics. These soils have diffuse horizon boundaries, a clay assemblage dominated by low-activity clays (mainly kaolinite) and a high content of sesquioxides.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferralsol
oxisol
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Ferralsols represent the classical, deeply weathered, red or yellow soils of the humid tropics. These soils have diffuse horizon boundaries, a clay assemblage dominated by low-activity clays (mainly kaolinite) and a high content of sesquioxides.
nitisol
ENVO
ENVO:00002247
Nitisols are deep, well-drained, red, tropical soils with diffuse horizon boundaries and a subsurface horizon with more than 30 percent clay and moderate to strong angular blocky structure elements that easily fall apart into characteristic shiny, polyhedric (nutty) elements. Weathering is relatively advanced but Nitisols are far more productive than most other red, tropical soils.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Nitisols are deep, well-drained, red, tropical soils with diffuse horizon boundaries and a subsurface horizon with more than 30 percent clay and moderate to strong angular blocky structure elements that easily fall apart into characteristic shiny, polyhedric (nutty) elements. Weathering is relatively advanced but Nitisols are far more productive than most other red, tropical soils.
luvisol
ENVO
ENVO:00002248
Luvisols are soils that have a higher clay content in the subsoil than in the topsoil as a result of pedogenetic processes (especially clay migration) leading to an argic subsoil horizon. Luvisols have high-activity clays throughout the argic horizon and a high base saturation at certain depths.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Luvisols are soils that have a higher clay content in the subsoil than in the topsoil as a result of pedogenetic processes (especially clay migration) leading to an argic subsoil horizon. Luvisols have high-activity clays throughout the argic horizon and a high base saturation at certain depths.
phaeozem
ENVO
ENVO:00002249
Phaeozems accommodate soils of relatively wet grassland and forest regions in moderately continental climates. Phaeozems are much like Chernozems and Kastanozems but are leached more intensively. Consequently, they have dark, humus rich surface horizons that, in comparison with Chernozems and Kastanozems, are less rich in bases. Phaeozems may or may not have secondary carbonates but have a high base saturation in the upper metre of the soil.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Phaeozems accommodate soils of relatively wet grassland and forest regions in moderately continental climates. Phaeozems are much like Chernozems and Kastanozems but are leached more intensively. Consequently, they have dark, humus rich surface horizons that, in comparison with Chernozems and Kastanozems, are less rich in bases. Phaeozems may or may not have secondary carbonates but have a high base saturation in the upper metre of the soil.
plinthosol
ENVO
ENVO:00002250
Plinthosols are soils with plinthite, petroplinthite or pisoliths. Plinthite is an Fe-rich (in some cases also Mn-rich), humus-poor mixture of kaolinitic clay (and other products of strong weathering such as gibbsite) with quartz and other constituents that changes irreversibly to a layer with hard nodules, a hardpan or irregular aggregates on exposure to repeated wetting and drying. Petroplinthite is a continuous, fractured or broken sheet of connected, strongly cemented to indurated nodules or mottles. Pisoliths are discrete strongly cemented to indurated nodules. Both petroplinthite and pisoliths develop from plinthite by hardening.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Plinthosols are soils with plinthite, petroplinthite or pisoliths. Plinthite is an Fe-rich (in some cases also Mn-rich), humus-poor mixture of kaolinitic clay (and other products of strong weathering such as gibbsite) with quartz and other constituents that changes irreversibly to a layer with hard nodules, a hardpan or irregular aggregates on exposure to repeated wetting and drying. Petroplinthite is a continuous, fractured or broken sheet of connected, strongly cemented to indurated nodules or mottles. Pisoliths are discrete strongly cemented to indurated nodules. Both petroplinthite and pisoliths develop from plinthite by hardening.
planosol
ENVO
ENVO:00002251
Planosols are soils with a light-coloured, surface horizon that shows signs of periodic water stagnation and abruptly overlies a dense, slowly permeable subsoil with significantly more clay than the surface horizon.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Planosols are soils with a light-coloured, surface horizon that shows signs of periodic water stagnation and abruptly overlies a dense, slowly permeable subsoil with significantly more clay than the surface horizon.
solonchak
ENVO
ENVO:00002252
Solonchaks are soils that have a high concentration of soluble salts at some time in the year. Solonchaks are largely confined to the arid and semi-arid climate zones and to coastal regions in all climates.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solonchak
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Solonchaks are soils that have a high concentration of soluble salts at some time in the year. Solonchaks are largely confined to the arid and semi-arid climate zones and to coastal regions in all climates.
umbrisol
ENVO
ENVO:00002253
Umbrisols are soils in which organic matter has accumulated within the mineral surface soil (in most cases with low base saturation) to the extent that it significantly affects the behaviour and utilization of the soil.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbrisol
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Umbrisols are soils in which organic matter has accumulated within the mineral surface soil (in most cases with low base saturation) to the extent that it significantly affects the behaviour and utilization of the soil.
vertisol
A soil in which there is a high content of expansive clay known as montmorillonite that forms deep cracks in drier seasons or years. Alternate shrinking and swelling causes self-mulching, where the soil material consistently mixes itself, causing vertisols to have an extremely deep A horizon and no B horizon.
ENVO
ENVO:00002254
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertisol
A soil in which there is a high content of expansive clay known as montmorillonite that forms deep cracks in drier seasons or years. Alternate shrinking and swelling causes self-mulching, where the soil material consistently mixes itself, causing vertisols to have an extremely deep A horizon and no B horizon.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertisol
solonetz
ENVO
ENVO:00002255
Solonetz are soils with a dense, strongly structured, clayey subsurface horizon that has a high proportion of adsorbed Na and/or Mg ions. Solonetz that contain free soda (Na2CO3) are strongly alkaline (field pH > 8.5).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solonetz
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Solonetz are soils with a dense, strongly structured, clayey subsurface horizon that has a high proportion of adsorbed Na and/or Mg ions. Solonetz that contain free soda (Na2CO3) are strongly alkaline (field pH > 8.5).
regosol
ENVO
ENVO:00002256
Regosols form a taxonomic remnant group containing all soils that could not be accommodated in any of the other RSGs. In practice, Regosols are very weakly developed mineral soils in unconsolidated materials that do not have a mollic or umbric horizon, are not very shallow or very rich in gravels (Leptosols), sandy (Arenosols) or with fluvic materials (Fluvisols). Regosols are extensive in eroding lands, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas and in mountainous terrain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regosol
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Regosols form a taxonomic remnant group containing all soils that could not be accommodated in any of the other RSGs. In practice, Regosols are very weakly developed mineral soils in unconsolidated materials that do not have a mollic or umbric horizon, are not very shallow or very rich in gravels (Leptosols), sandy (Arenosols) or with fluvic materials (Fluvisols). Regosols are extensive in eroding lands, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas and in mountainous terrain.
podzol
ENVO
ENVO:00002257
Podzols are soils with a typically ash-grey upper subsurface horizon, bleached by loss of organic matter and iron oxides, on top of a dark accumulation horizon with brown, reddish or black illuviated humus and/or reddish Fe compounds. Podzols occur in humid areas in the boreal and temperate zones and locally also in the tropics.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podzol
podosolic soil
podsol
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Podzols are soils with a typically ash-grey upper subsurface horizon, bleached by loss of organic matter and iron oxides, on top of a dark accumulation horizon with brown, reddish or black illuviated humus and/or reddish Fe compounds. Podzols occur in humid areas in the boreal and temperate zones and locally also in the tropics.
loam
A soil composed of sand, silt, and clay in relatively even concentration (about 40-40-20% concentration respectively).
ENVO
ENVO:00002258
EcoLexicon:loam
SWEETRealm:Loam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loam
A soil composed of sand, silt, and clay in relatively even concentration (about 40-40-20% concentration respectively).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loam
agricultural soil
ENVO
ENVO:00002259
dune soil
ENVO
ENVO:00002260
forest soil
ENVO
ENVO:00002261
clay soil
ENVO
ENVO:00002262
garden soil
ENVO
ENVO:00002263
waste material
ENVO
ENVO:00002264
EcoLexicon:waste
SWEETRealm:Waste
This seems more like a role than a material. Anything can be waste. Thus, a "waste" role or disposition will be created and this class can then be populated by inference: any environmental material which has [role,disposition] waste will be considered a waste material.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste
A material which is not the desired output of a process and which is typically the input of a process which removes it from its producer (e.g. a disposal process).
obsolete agricultural waste
ENVO
ENVO:00002265
ENVO:01000371
Wastewater produced in the course of agricultural activities
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_waste
true
Wastewater produced in the course of agricultural activities
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_wastewater_treatment
chicken breeding waste material
ENVO
ENVO:00002266
chicken yard waste
chicken breeding waste
industrial waste material
ENVO
ENVO:00002267
Industrial wastes are liquid, solid and gaseous wastes originating from the manufacture of specific products.
industrial waste
This will become a defined class, with subclasses added through inference based on material having a 'waste role' and being associated with industrial entities.
Industrial wastes are liquid, solid and gaseous wastes originating from the manufacture of specific products.
Glossary of Environment Statistics, Studies in Methods, Series F, No. 67, United Nations, New York, 1997.
http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=1340
sphagnum bog
A peatland dominated by species of the Bryophyte Sphagnum.
ENVO
ENVO:00002268
A peatland dominated by species of the Bryophyte Sphagnum.
MA:ma
thermocline
A layer within a fluid where the temperature changes rapidly with depth.
ENVO
ENVO:00002269
EcoLexicon:thermocline
SWEETRealm:Thermocline
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermocline
A layer within a fluid where the temperature changes rapidly with depth.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermocline
chemocline
A layer within a fluid where the chemical composition changes rapidly with depth.
ENVO
ENVO:00002270
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemocline
A layer within a fluid where the chemical composition changes rapidly with depth.
MA:ma
nuclear power plant
ENVO
ENVO:00002271
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_plant
A nuclear power plant is a power plant which uses heat generated by a radioactive decay in a nuclear reactor to convert water into steam in order to drive turbines in electrical generators through pressure.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_plant
A nuclear power plant is a power plant which uses heat generated by a radioactive decay in a nuclear reactor to convert water into steam in order to drive turbines in electrical generators through pressure.
waste treatment plant
ENVO
ENVO:00002272
WWTP
fluvisol
ENVO
ENVO:00002273
Fluvisols accommodate genetically young, azonal soils in alluvial deposits.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluvisols
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Fluvisols accommodate genetically young, azonal soils in alluvial deposits.
stagnosol
ENVO
ENVO:00002274
Stagnosols are soils with a perched water table showing redoximorphic features caused by surface water. Stagnosols are periodically wet and mottled in the topsoil and subsoil, with or without concretions and/or bleaching.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Stagnosols are soils with a perched water table showing redoximorphic features caused by surface water. Stagnosols are periodically wet and mottled in the topsoil and subsoil, with or without concretions and/or bleaching.
technosol
ENVO
ENVO:00002275
Technosols are soils whose properties and pedogenesis are dominated by their technical origin. They contain a significant amount of artefacts (something in the soil recognizably made or extracted from the earth by humans), or are sealed by technic hard rock (material created by humans, having properties unlike natural rock). They include soils from wastes (landfills, sludge, cinders, mine spoils and ashes), pavements with their underlying unconsolidated materials, soils with geomembranes and constructed soils in human-made materials.
FAO:http://fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/doc/wrb2006final.pdf
Technosols are soils whose properties and pedogenesis are dominated by their technical origin. They contain a significant amount of artefacts (something in the soil recognizably made or extracted from the earth by humans), or are sealed by technic hard rock (material created by humans, having properties unlike natural rock). They include soils from wastes (landfills, sludge, cinders, mine spoils and ashes), pavements with their underlying unconsolidated materials, soils with geomembranes and constructed soils in human-made materials.
animal waste material
ENVO
ENVO:00002276
SWEETRealm:AnimalWaste
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_waste
This will become a defined class, with subclasses added through inference based on material having a 'waste role' and being associated with animal metabolism.
animal waste
back-arc basin
A depression in the sea floor that results from the collision of continental plates; the weight of the sinking plate causes the overlying plate to stretch and thin, causing a basin in the overlying plate. Sometimes, the Earth's crust in these basins stretches so much it cracks, allowing magma through from the mantle beneath. Hence, basins often contain active volcanoes and hydrothermal vents.
ENVO
ENVO:00002277
EcoLexicon:basin
SWEETRealm:BackArcBasin
SWEETRealm:Basin
backarc basin
basin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back-arc_basin
A depression in the sea floor that results from the collision of continental plates; the weight of the sinking plate causes the overlying plate to stretch and thin, causing a basin in the overlying plate. Sometimes, the Earth's crust in these basins stretches so much it cracks, allowing magma through from the mantle beneath. Hence, basins often contain active volcanoes and hydrothermal vents.
webpage:http://www.venturedeepocean.org/vents/stretching.html
environmental feature
A material entity determines an environmental system when its removal would cause the collapse of that system. For example, a seamount determines a seamount environment, acting as its 'hub'. This class is currently being aligned to the Basic Formal Ontology. Following this alignment, its definition and the definitions of its subclasses will be revised.
A material entity which determines an environmental system.
ENVO
ENVO:00002297
A material entity which determines an environmental system.
DOI:10.1186/2041-1480-4-43
NM:nm
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
ocean basin
A structural basin that is below sea level.
ENVO
ENVO:00002450
EcoLexicon:ocean_basin
This class is defined in its geological sense:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Hydrologically, an oceanic basin may be anywhere on Earth that is covered by seawater, but geologically ocean basins are large geologic basins that are below sea level. Geologically, there are other undersea geomorphological features such as the continental shelves, the deep ocean trenches, and the undersea mountain ranges (for example, the mid-Atlantic ridge) which are not considered to be part of the ocean basins; while hydrologically, oceanic basins include the flanking continental shelves and shallow, epeiric seas.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_basin
A structural basin that is below sea level.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_basin
hay
ENVO
ENVO:00002869
Hay is grass, legumes or other herbaceous plants that have been cut, dried, and stored for use as animal fodder, particularly for grazing livestock such as cattle, horses, goats, and sheep.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hay
Hay is grass, legumes or other herbaceous plants that have been cut, dried, and stored for use as animal fodder, particularly for grazing livestock such as cattle, horses, goats, and sheep.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hay
adobe
A natural building material mode from sand, clay, water, and some kind of fibrous or organic material (sticks, straw, and/or manure).
ENVO
ENVO:00002870
A natural building material mode from sand, clay, water, and some kind of fibrous or organic material (sticks, straw, and/or manure).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe
alluvial soil
ENVO
ENVO:00002871
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_soil
bagasse
ENVO
ENVO:00002872
The biomass remaining after sugarcane stalks are crushed to extract their juice.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagasse
sugarcane bagasse
The biomass remaining after sugarcane stalks are crushed to extract their juice.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagasse
organic waste material
ENVO
ENVO:00002873
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_waste
This should probably be merged with biological waste material.
organic waste
air conditioning unit
ENVO
ENVO:00002874
oil contaminated soil
ENVO
ENVO:00002875
warm seep
ENVO
ENVO:00002926
clay
A group of hydrous aluminium phyllosilicate (phyllosilicates being a subgroup of silicate minerals) minerals (see clay minerals), that are typically less than 2 micrometres in diameter. Clay consists of a variety of phyllosilicate minerals rich in silicon and aluminium oxides and hydroxides which include variable amounts of structural water.
ENVO
ENVO:00002982
EcoLexicon:clay
SWEETRealm:Clay
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay
A group of hydrous aluminium phyllosilicate (phyllosilicates being a subgroup of silicate minerals) minerals (see clay minerals), that are typically less than 2 micrometres in diameter. Clay consists of a variety of phyllosilicate minerals rich in silicon and aluminium oxides and hydroxides which include variable amounts of structural water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay
fuel oil
ENVO
ENVO:00002983
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_oil
petroleum
ENVO
ENVO:00002984
a naturally occurring flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface.
crude oil
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum
a naturally occurring flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum
oil
A viscous liquid state at ambient temperatures or slightly warmer, and is both hydrophobic and lipophilic.
ENVO
ENVO:00002985
EcoLexicon:oil
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil
A viscous liquid state at ambient temperatures or slightly warmer, and is both hydrophobic and lipophilic.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil
Udvardy biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000446
ENVO:00002986
true
Evergreen sclerophyllous forests, scrub, or woodlands
ENVO
ENVO:00002987
ENVO:01000196
ENVO:01000215
ENVO:01000216
ENVO:01000221
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evergreen_sclerophyllous_forests,_scrub,_or_woodlands
true
Temperate grasslands
ENVO
ENVO:00002988
ENVO:01000193
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_grasslands
true
Temperate broad-leaf forests or woodlands and subpolar deciduous thickets
ENVO
ENVO:00002989
ENVO:01000202
ENVO:01000221
true
Tropical dry or deciduous forests (including Monsoon forests) or woodlands
ENVO
ENVO:00002990
ENVO:01000227
true
Subtropical and temperate rainforests or woodlands
ENVO
ENVO:00002991
ENVO:01000202
ENVO:01000221
ENVO:01000222
ENVO:01000226
true
Temperate needle-leaf forests or woodlands
ENVO
ENVO:00002992
ENVO:01000211
ENVO:01000221
true
Tropical humid forests
ENVO
ENVO:00002993
ENVO:01000228
true
Mixed island systems
ENVO
ENVO:00002994
true
Tundra communities and barren Arctic deserts
ENVO
ENVO:00002995
ENVO:01000180
true
Mixed mountain and highland systems with complex zonation
ENVO
ENVO:00002996
true
Cold-winter (continental) deserts and semideserts
ENVO
ENVO:00002997
ENVO:01000182
ENVO:01000186
true
Warm deserts and semideserts
ENVO
ENVO:00002998
ENVO:01000182
ENVO:01000183
ENVO:01000184
ENVO:01000218
true
Bailey biome
ENVO
ENVO:00000446
ENVO:00002999
true
Polar Domain (100)
ENVO
ENVO:00003000
ENVO:01000186
true
Humid Temperate Domain (200)
ENVO
ENVO:00003001
true
Dry Domain (300)
ENVO
ENVO:00003002
ENVO:01000179
true
Humid Tropical Domain (400)
ENVO
ENVO:00003003
ENVO:01000228
true
Tundra Divsion (120)
ENVO
ENVO:00003004
ENVO:01000180
true
Subarctic Division - Mountain Provinces (M130)
ENVO
ENVO:00003005
true
Subarctic Division (130)
ENVO
ENVO:00003006
ENVO:01000180
true
Tundra Division - Mountain Provinces (M120)
ENVO
ENVO:00003007
ENVO:01000180
true
Hot Continental Division (220)
ENVO
ENVO:00003008
true
Subtropical Division (230)
ENVO
ENVO:00003009
ENVO:01000184
ENVO:01000187
ENVO:01000191
ENVO:01000201
ENVO:01000209
ENVO:01000213
ENVO:01000222
true
Warm Continental Division (210)
ENVO
ENVO:00003010
true
Warm Continental Division - Mountain Provinces (M210)
ENVO
ENVO:00003011
true
Subtropical Division - Mountain Provinces (M230)
ENVO
ENVO:00003012
true
Hot Continental Division - Mountain Provinces (M220)
ENVO
ENVO:00003013
true
Marine Division (240)
ENVO
ENVO:00003014
true
Marine Division - Mountain Provinces (M240)
ENVO
ENVO:00003015
true
Prairie Division (250)
ENVO
ENVO:00003016
ENVO:01000189
ENVO:01000193
ENVO:01000215
true
Mediterranean Division (260)
ENVO
ENVO:00003017
ENVO:01000199
ENVO:01000208
ENVO:01000217
ENVO:01000224
ENVO:01000229
true
Mediterranean Division - Mountain Provinces (M260)
ENVO
ENVO:00003018
true
Tropical/Subtropical Desert Division (320)
ENVO
ENVO:00003019
ENVO:01000183
ENVO:01000184
true
Rainforest Division (420)
ENVO
ENVO:00003020
ENVO:01000228
true
Temperate Desert Division (340)
ENVO
ENVO:00003021
ENVO:01000182
true
Temperate Desert Division - Mountain Provinces (M340)
ENVO
ENVO:00003022
true
Temperate Steppe Division (330)
ENVO
ENVO:00003023
ENVO:01000189
ENVO:01000193
ENVO:01000215
true
Temperate Steppe Division - Mountain Provinces (M330)
ENVO
ENVO:00003024
true
Tropical/Subtropical Steppe Division - Mountain Provinces (M310)
ENVO
ENVO:00003025
true
Tropical/Subtropical Steppe Division (310)
ENVO
ENVO:00003026
ENVO:01000187
ENVO:01000188
ENVO:01000191
ENVO:01000192
ENVO:01000213
ENVO:01000214
ENVO:01000218
true
Rainforest Division - Mountain Provinces (M420)
ENVO
ENVO:00003027
ENVO:01000228
true
Savanna Division (410)
ENVO
ENVO:00003028
ENVO:01000178
true
Savanna Division - Mountain Provinces (M410)
ENVO
ENVO:00003029
ENVO:01000223
true
silage
A fermented, high-moisture forage that can be fed to ruminants.
ENVO
ENVO:00003030
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silage
A fermented, high-moisture forage that can be fed to ruminants.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silage
animal manure
ENVO
ENVO:00003031
This is interesting in that the "role" aspect of "waste" is (or can be) replaced by another role "fertilizer". Thus, the positioning of "manure" under waste may not be totally correct.
fresh animal manure
ENVO
ENVO:00003032
mushroom compost
ENVO
ENVO:00003033
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom_compost
obsolete wort
ENVO
ENVO:00003037
true
obsolete beer wort
ENVO
ENVO:00003038
true
obsolete acifified beer wort
ENVO
ENVO:00003039
true
animal house
ENVO
ENVO:00003040
While humans are animals, this class does not refer to human houses.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_house
cow shed
ENVO
ENVO:00003041
piggery
ENVO
ENVO:00003042
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piggery
sewage plant
ENVO
ENVO:00003043
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage_plant
brine
ENVO
ENVO:00003044
EcoLexicon:brine
SWEETRealm:Brine
Water saturated or nearly saturated with salt (NaCl). It is used (now less popular than historically) to preserve vegetables, fish, and meat.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brine
Water saturated or nearly saturated with salt (NaCl). It is used (now less popular than historically) to preserve vegetables, fish, and meat.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brine
bacon curing brine
ENVO
ENVO:00003045
obsolete Bleu de Bresse
Bresse Blue
ENVO
ENVO:00003046
true
obsolete butter
ENVO
ENVO:00003047
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butter
true
obsolete pickled cabbage
ENVO
ENVO:00003048
true
obsolete Camembert
ENVO
ENVO:00003049
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camembert
true
obsolete cane sugar
ENVO
ENVO:00003050
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cane_sugar
true
obsolete Cheddar cheese
ENVO
ENVO:00003051
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheddar
true
obsolete Brie
ENVO
ENVO:00003052
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brie
true
obsolete Gouda
ENVO
ENVO:00003053
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gouda
true
obsolete halloumi
ENVO
ENVO:00003054
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halloumi
true
obsolete Gorgonzola
ENVO
ENVO:00003055
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorgonzola
true
obsolete Swiss cheese
ENVO
ENVO:00003056
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss
true
obsolete Emmenthal
ENVO
ENVO:00003057
true
obsolete Harzer
ENVO
ENVO:00003058
Harzerkaese
true
obsolete New Zealand Cheddar
ENVO
ENVO:00003059
true
obsolete Pont l'Eveque
ENVO
ENVO:00003060
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pont_l'Eveque
true
obsolete Vacherin Mont d'Or
ENVO
ENVO:00003061
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacherin_Mont_d'Or
true
obsolete pork
ENVO
ENVO:00003062
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pork
true
obsolete cured meat
ENVO
ENVO:00003063
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cured_meat
true
drinking water
ENVO
ENVO:00003064
EcoLexicon:drinking_water
SWEETRealm:DrinkingWater
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_water
Drinking water is water which may be consumed by humans with no adverse effects on their health.
potable water
distilled water
ENVO
ENVO:00003065
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distilled_water
obsolete chicken meat product
ENVO
ENVO:00003066
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken
true
obsolete beef
ENVO
ENVO:00003067
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beef
true
obsolete bovine milk
ENVO
ENVO:00003068
true
obsolete ovine milk
ENVO
ENVO:00003069
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheep_milk
sheep milk
true
obsolete caprine milk
ENVO
ENVO:00003070
true
grass silage
ENVO
ENVO:00003071
obsolete ice cream
ENVO
ENVO:00003072
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_cream
ice-cream
true
obsolete seafood product
ENVO
ENVO:00003073
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seafood
true
manufactured product
ENVO
ENVO:00003074
Manufactured goods are goods that have been processed in any way. As such, they are the opposite of raw materials, but include intermediate goods as well as final goods.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufactured_product
Manufactured goods are goods that have been processed in any way. As such, they are the opposite of raw materials, but include intermediate goods as well as final goods.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufactured_product
anthropogenic abiotic mesoscopic feature
ENVO
ENVO:00003075
glue
ENVO
ENVO:00003076
Glue is any substance applied to the surfaces of materials that binds them together and resists separation.
This sounds more like a role than a material, per se.
adhesive
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glue
mucilage
paste
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This sounds more like a role than a material, per se.
Glue is any substance applied to the surfaces of materials that binds them together and resists separation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glue
obsolete jeotgal
ENVO
ENVO:00003077
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeotgal
true
obsolete Meshanger cheese
ENVO
ENVO:00003078
true
obsolete pork chop
ENVO
ENVO:00003079
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pork_chop
true
salad
ENVO
ENVO:00003080
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salad
true
metal contaminated soil
ENVO
ENVO:00003081
enriched soil
A portion of enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of some material entity.
ENVO
ENVO:00003082
This could be demoted to an inferred class if issues with double inheritance arise.
sarcosine enriched soil
A portion of sarcosine enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of sarcosine.
ENVO
ENVO:00003083
trimethylamine enriched soil
A portion of trimethylamine enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of trimethylamine.
ENVO
ENVO:00003084
skatole enriched soil
A portion of skatole enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of skatole.
ENVO
ENVO:00003085
ethanol enriched soil
A portion of ethanol enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of ethanol.
ENVO
ENVO:00003086
acetamide enriched soil
A portion of acetamide enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of acetamide.
ENVO
ENVO:00003087
pantothenate enriched soil
A portion of pantothenate enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of pantothenate.
ENVO
ENVO:00003088
testosterone enriched soil
A portion of testosterone enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of testosterone.
ENVO
ENVO:00003089
kynurenate enriched soil
A portion of kynurenate enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of kynurenate.
ENVO
ENVO:00003090
threonine enriched soil
A portion of threonine enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of threonine.
ENVO
ENVO:00003091
salicylate enriched soil
A portion of salicylate enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of salicylate.
ENVO
ENVO:00003092
poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate enriched soil
A portion of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate.
ENVO
ENVO:00003093
L-(+)-tartrate enriched soil
A portion of L-(+)-tartrate enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of L-(+)-tartrate.
ENVO
ENVO:00003094
quinate enriched soil
A portion of quinate enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of quinate.
ENVO
ENVO:00003095
tap water
ENVO
ENVO:00003096
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tap_water
bore hole water
ENVO
ENVO:00003097
tannery
ENVO
ENVO:00003323
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tannery
A tannery is a building in which the skins of animals are treated with chemicals to alter the structure of their constituent proteins, creating leather.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tannery
A tannery is a building in which the skins of animals are treated with chemicals to alter the structure of their constituent proteins, creating leather.
obsolete tempeh
ENVO
ENVO:00003779
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempeh
true
horse manure
ENVO
ENVO:00003859
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_manure
pig manure
ENVO
ENVO:00003860
industrial building
ENVO
ENVO:00003861
An industrial building is a building within which goods are produced and, optionally, stored or within which services are rendered.
It's possible that this will become an inferred class in the future. The United Nations' International Standard Industrial Classification should be referred to when expanding this branch. ISIC can also be used to identify processes. See http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/registry/regcst.asp?Cl=27&Lg=1.
An industrial building is a building within which goods are produced and, optionally, stored or within which services are rendered.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industry
dairy
ENVO
ENVO:00003862
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy
'Terminology differs between countries. For example, in the United States, the entire dairy farm is commonly called a "dairy." The building or farm area where milk is harvested from the cow is often called a "milking parlor" or "parlor." The farm area where milk is stored in bulk tanks is known as the farm's "milk house." Milk is then hauled (usually by truck) to a "dairy plant," also referred to as a "dairy", where raw milk is further processed and prepared for commercial sale of dairy products. In New Zealand, farm areas for milk harvesting are also called "milking parlours", and are historically known as "milking sheds."' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy
A dairy is a building in which animal milk is harvested and, optionally, processed for human consumption.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy
A dairy is a building in which animal milk is harvested and, optionally, processed for human consumption.
food processing building
ENVO
ENVO:00003863
Needs a better definition. Related to the complexity of "food" in general, which needs its own ontology.
A food processing building is a building in which materials that contain or consist of essential body nutrients - such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals - and may be ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life are converted alternative forms.
bakery
ENVO
ENVO:00003864
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakery
A bakery is a building in which raw flour-based food is baked in an oven to produce food products such as bread, cakes, pastries, and pies. These products are often sold from the bakery itself.
bakeshop
A bakery is a food processing building and a 'food shop' at the same time. This needs to be resolved.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakery
A bakery is a building in which raw flour-based food is baked in an oven to produce food products such as bread, cakes, pastries, and pies. These products are often sold from the bakery itself.
straw
An agricultural byproduct, the dry stalk of a cereal plant, after the nutrient grain or seed has been removed.
ENVO
ENVO:00003869
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straw
An agricultural byproduct, the dry stalk of a cereal plant, after the nutrient grain or seed has been removed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straw
rice straw
ENVO
ENVO:00003870
obsolete fermented rice beverage
ENVO
ENVO:00003871
true
obsolete amasake
ENVO
ENVO:00003872
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amasake
true
obsolete fermented dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:00003873
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermented_dairy_product
true
obsolete fermented fish product
ENVO
ENVO:00003874
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermented_fish
true
obsolete sea water fish product
ENVO
ENVO:00003875
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish
true
obsolete flour
ENVO
ENVO:00003876
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flour
true
obsolete plant fruit food product
ENVO
ENVO:00003877
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit
true
obsolete fruit extract product
ENVO
ENVO:00003878
true
obsolete apple juice
ENVO
ENVO:00003879
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_juice
true
obsolete awamori
ENVO
ENVO:00003880
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awamori
true
obsolete bacon
ENVO
ENVO:00003881
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacon
true
obsolete fermented millet food product
ENVO
ENVO:00003882
true
obsolete millet beer
ENVO
ENVO:00003883
bantu beer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millet_beer
true
farmyard manure
ENVO
ENVO:00003884
brewery
A brewery is a building in which alcoholic beverages are produced by brewing, that is, steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast. At times, the products are also sold from the brewery.
ENVO
ENVO:00003885
A brewery is a building in which alcoholic beverages are produced by brewing, that is, steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast. At times, the products are also sold from the brewery.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewery
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewing
obsolete bottled beer
ENVO
ENVO:00003886
true
obsolete blue cheese
ENVO
ENVO:00003887
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_cheese
true
obsolete bottled fruit product
ENVO
ENVO:00003888
true
obsolete buttermilk
ENVO
ENVO:00003889
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buttermilk
true
obsolete canned fruit product
ENVO
ENVO:00003890
true
obsolete fermented fruit product
ENVO
ENVO:00003891
true
cosmetic product
ENVO
ENVO:00003893
face cream product
ENVO
ENVO:00003894
paper product
ENVO
ENVO:00003895
currency note
ENVO
ENVO:00003896
obsolete miso
ENVO
ENVO:00003898
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miso
true
obsolete must
ENVO
ENVO:00003899
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Must
true
rye grass silage
ENVO
ENVO:00003900
aviation fuel
ENVO
ENVO:00003903
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_fuel
jet fuel
obsolete yeast cake
ENVO
ENVO:00003904
true
obsolete vinegar
ENVO
ENVO:00003905
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinegar
true
obsolete malt vinegar
ENVO
ENVO:00003906
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malt_vinegar
true
obsolete nonfat dry milk
ENVO
ENVO:00003907
true
poultry deep litter
ENVO
ENVO:00003908
sake brewery
ENVO
ENVO:00003911
A sake brewery is a brewery which produces rice wine by fermenting rice which has been polished to remove the bran.
A sake brewery is a brewery which produces rice wine by fermenting rice which has been polished to remove the bran.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sake
obsolete sake
ENVO
ENVO:00003912
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sake
true
obsolete salt pork
ENVO
ENVO:00003913
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_pork
true
chalk soil
ENVO
ENVO:00003914
obsolete fermented soybean product
ENVO
ENVO:00003915
true
research station
A building or collection of co-located buildings constructed for the purpose of undertaking scientific research.
ENVO
ENVO:00003919
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_station
A building or collection of co-located buildings constructed for the purpose of undertaking scientific research.
MA:ma
stable manure
ENVO
ENVO:00003927
obsolete pickled food product
ENVO
ENVO:00003928
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickle
true
obsolete tape kefan
ENVO
ENVO:00003929
true
scum
A layer of impurities that accumulates at the surface of a liquid (especially water or molten metal).
ENVO
ENVO:00003930
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scum
A layer of impurities that accumulates at the surface of a liquid (especially water or molten metal).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scum
warehouse
ENVO
ENVO:00003963
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warehouse
A warehouse is a building which is used for the storage of goods.
A warehouse is a building which is used for the storage of goods.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warehouse
tobacco warehouse
ENVO
ENVO:00003964
A tobacco warehouse is a warehouse used to store cured leaves of plants from the genus Nicotiana, primarily N. tabacum and N. rustica.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco
A tobacco warehouse is a warehouse used to store cured leaves of plants from the genus Nicotiana, primarily N. tabacum and N. rustica.
anaerobic digester sludge
ENVO
ENVO:00003965
obsolete Bondon cheese
ENVO
ENVO:00003966
true
creamery
ENVO
ENVO:00003967
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creamery
A creamery is a part of a dairy where cream is separated from whole milk.
air filter
An air filter is a device that removes some substance from air.
ENVO
ENVO:00003968
This is a general definition derived from the definitions for particulate, chemical, and other air filters. Subclasses should be created if needed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_filter
An air filter is a device that removes some substance from air.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_filter
obsolete bitter cheese
ENVO
ENVO:00003969
true
obsolete sugar
ENVO
ENVO:00003970
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar
true
obsolete brown sugar
ENVO
ENVO:00003971
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_sugar
true
obsolete evaporated milk product
ENVO
ENVO:00003972
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporated_milk
true
obsolete kefir
ENVO
ENVO:00003973
true
obsolete vegetable oil
ENVO
ENVO:00003975
ENVO:0010145
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_oil
true
obsolete linseed oil
ENVO
ENVO:00003976
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linseed_oil
true
obsolete maize flour
ENVO
ENVO:00003977
true
potato silage
ENVO
ENVO:00003978
obsolete sour milk
ENVO
ENVO:00003979
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sour_milk
true
obsolete dried milk product
ENVO
ENVO:00003980
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dried_milk
true
travertine
A natural chemical precipitate of carbonate minerals; typically aragonite, but often recrystallized to or primarily calcite; which is deposited from the water of mineral springs (especially hot springs) or streams saturated with calcium carbonate.
ENVO
ENVO:00003982
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travertine
A natural chemical precipitate of carbonate minerals; typically aragonite, but often recrystallized to or primarily calcite; which is deposited from the water of mineral springs (especially hot springs) or streams saturated with calcium carbonate.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travertine
sawmill
ENVO
ENVO:00004638
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawmill
karst field
A large flat plain in karst territory with areas usually 5 to 400 sqaure kilometres.
ENVO
ENVO:00004683
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karst_field
karst polje
A large flat plain in karst territory with areas usually 5 to 400 sqaure kilometres.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karst_field
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polje
karst polje
foam
ENVO
ENVO:00005738
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foam
This is a state more than a material.
sea foam
ENVO
ENVO:00005739
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_foam
paddy field soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005740
rice paddy soil
alpine soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005741
arable soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005742
roadside soil
A portion of soil that is part of a roadside area.
ENVO
ENVO:00005743
allotment garden soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005744
allotment garden
ENVO
ENVO:00005745
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allotment_garden
savanna soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005746
compost soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005747
dry soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005748
farm soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005749
grassland soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005750
jungle soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005751
sawah soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005752
urea enriched soil
A portion of urea enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of urea.
ENVO
ENVO:00005753
fertilized soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005754
field soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005755
lawn soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005756
bacteria enriched soil
A portion of bacteria enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated bacterial abundance.
ENVO
ENVO:00005757
alluvial swamp soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005758
alluvial paddy field soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005759
burned soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005760
burnt soil
meadow soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005761
chloropicrin enriched soil
A portion of chloropicrin enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of chloropicrin.
ENVO
ENVO:00005762
humus-rich acidic ash soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005763
pond soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005764
frozen compost soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005765
limed soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005766
manured soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005767
orchid soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005768
mountain forest soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005769
beech forest soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005770
muddy soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005771
orchard soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005772
pasture soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005773
peat soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005774
EcoLexicon:peat
SWEETRealm:Peat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peat_soil
peat
ENVO:cjm
peat
salt contaminated soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005775
salty soil
peaty paddy field soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005776
steppe soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005777
tropical soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005778
vegetable garden soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005779
greenhouse soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005780
heat stressed soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005781
ornithogenic soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005782
leafy wood soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005783
spruce forest soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005784
volcanic soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005785
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_soil
upland soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005786
eucalyptus forest soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005787
rubber plantation soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005788
bluegrass field soil
Bluegrass field soil is a soil which is found in a field of Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis).
ENVO
ENVO:00005789
red soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005790
sterile water
ENVO
ENVO:00005791
Sterile water is water which does not contain lliving organisms.
underground water
ENVO
ENVO:00005792
SWEETRealm:UndergroundWater
subterranean water
muddy water
ENVO
ENVO:00005793
water scum
ENVO
ENVO:00005794
marine mud
ENVO
ENVO:00005795
marine sludge
ENVO
ENVO:00005796
lake bottom mud
ENVO
ENVO:00005797
acid dune sand
ENVO
ENVO:00005798
rocky sand
ENVO
ENVO:00005799
desert sand
ENVO
ENVO:00005800
rhizosphere
ENVO
ENVO:00005801
LTER:472
The narrow region of soil that is directly influenced by root secretions and associated soil microorganisms.
The narrow region of soil that is directly influenced by root secretions and associated soil microorganisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizosphere_%28ecology%29
bulk soil
ENVO
ENVO:00005802
Soil that is not penetrated by the root systems of plants.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulk_soil
Soil that is not penetrated by the root systems of plants.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulk_soil
animal habitation
ENVO
ENVO:00005803
The dwelling of an animal or group of similar animals.
den
nest
MA:ma
The dwelling of an animal or group of similar animals.
nest of ant
A pile of earth, sand, pine needles, or clay or a composite of these and other materials that build up at the entrances of the subterranean dwellings of ant colonies as they are excavated. A colony is built and maintained by legions of worker ants, who carry tiny bits of dirt and pebbles in their mandibles and deposit them near the exit of the colony. They normally deposit the dirt or vegetation at the top of the hill to prevent it from sliding back into the colony, but in some species they actively sculpt the materials into specific shapes, and may create nest chambers within the mound.
ENVO
ENVO:00005804
ant hill
ant's nest
A pile of earth, sand, pine needles, or clay or a composite of these and other materials that build up at the entrances of the subterranean dwellings of ant colonies as they are excavated. A colony is built and maintained by legions of worker ants, who carry tiny bits of dirt and pebbles in their mandibles and deposit them near the exit of the colony. They normally deposit the dirt or vegetation at the top of the hill to prevent it from sliding back into the colony, but in some species they actively sculpt the materials into specific shapes, and may create nest chambers within the mound.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant_colony#Ant-hills
nest of bird
A bird nest is the spot in which a bird lays and incubates its eggs and raises its young.
ENVO
ENVO:00005805
bird nest
bird's nest
eyrie
A bird nest is the spot in which a bird lays and incubates its eggs and raises its young.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_nest
Tropical and subtropical coniferous forest biome
ENVO
ENVO:00005806
ENVO:01000209
ENVO:01000210
true
animal-associated habitat
A habitat that is in or on a living animal. Here "animal" denotes an individual of a species that is a sub-taxon of NCBITaxon:33208.
ENVO
ENVO:00006776
metazoan-associated habitat
true
A habitat that is in or on a living animal. Here "animal" denotes an individual of a species that is a sub-taxon of NCBITaxon:33208.
PATOC:cjm
plant-associated habitat
A habitat that is in or on a living plant. Here "plant" denotes an individual of a species that is a sub-taxon of NCBITaxon:33090 (viridiplantae).
ENVO
ENVO:00009001
true
A habitat that is in or on a living plant. Here "plant" denotes an individual of a species that is a sub-taxon of NCBITaxon:33090 (viridiplantae).
PATOC:cjm
mammalia-associated habitat
A habitat that is in or on a living mammal. Here "mammal" denotes an individual of a species that is a sub-taxon of NCBITaxon:40674.
ENVO
ENVO:00009002
true
A habitat that is in or on a living mammal. Here "mammal" denotes an individual of a species that is a sub-taxon of NCBITaxon:40674.
PATOC:cjm
human-associated habitat
A habitat that is in or on a living animal. Here "animal" denotes an individual of a species that is a sub-taxon of NCBITaxon:9606.
ENVO
ENVO:00009003
Used for armpits and other nasty places.
true
A habitat that is in or on a living animal. Here "animal" denotes an individual of a species that is a sub-taxon of NCBITaxon:9606.
PATOC:cjm
insecta-associated habitat
A habitat that is in or on a living insect. Here "insect" denotes an individual of a species that is a sub-taxon of NCBITaxon:50557.
ENVO
ENVO:00009004
true
A habitat that is in or on a living insect. Here "insect" denotes an individual of a species that is a sub-taxon of NCBITaxon:50557.
PATOC:cjm
ice rise
An ice rise is an elevation which is part of an ice shelf, typically dome shared, and formed by the ice shelf overriding an obstruction in the seabed. An ice rise may be adjacent only to an ice shelf, or to an ice shelf and a sea. For some features, properly ice rises, the term island has become established through usage.
ENVO
ENVO:00009686
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_rise
An ice rise is an elevation which is part of an ice shelf, typically dome shared, and formed by the ice shelf overriding an obstruction in the seabed. An ice rise may be adjacent only to an ice shelf, or to an ice shelf and a sea. For some features, properly ice rises, the term island has become established through usage.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_rise
web:http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/apc/genericterms.html
ice piedmont
A glacier covering a coastal strip of low-lying land backed by mountains, and sloping gently seaward over a distance up to 30km or more to terminate in ice cliffs or to merge with an ice shelf.
ENVO
ENVO:00009725
A glacier covering a coastal strip of low-lying land backed by mountains, and sloping gently seaward over a distance up to 30km or more to terminate in ice cliffs or to merge with an ice shelf.
web:http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/apc/genericterms.html
strand crack
ENVO
ENVO:00009726
Fissure at the junction between an inland ice sheet, ice piedmont or ice rise and an ice shelf, the latter being subject to the rise and fall of the tide.
Fissure at the junction between an inland ice sheet, ice piedmont or ice rise and an ice shelf, the latter being subject to the rise and fall of the tide.
web:http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/apc/genericterms.html
fomite
A fomite is any inanimate object or substance capable of carrying infectious organisms (such as germs or parasites) and hence transferring them from one individual to another. A fomite can be anything such as a cloth or mop heads so when cleaning this is important to remember that this could aid when spreading pathogenic organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:00010358
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fomite
A fomite is any inanimate object or substance capable of carrying infectious organisms (such as germs or parasites) and hence transferring them from one individual to another. A fomite can be anything such as a cloth or mop heads so when cleaning this is important to remember that this could aid when spreading pathogenic organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fomite
midden
A dump for domestic waste. A term used to describe any kind of feature containing waste products relating to day-to-day human life.
ENVO
ENVO:00010442
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midden
A dump for domestic waste. A term used to describe any kind of feature containing waste products relating to day-to-day human life.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midden
environmental material
A portion of environmental material is a fiat object which forms the medium or part of the medium of an environmental system.
ENVO
ENVO:00010483
Everything under this parent must be a mass noun. All subclasses are to be understood as being composed primarily of the named entity, rather than restricted to that entity. For example, "ENVO:water" is to be understood as "environmental material composed primarly of some CHEBI:water". This class is currently being aligned to the Basic Formal Ontology. Following this alignment, its definition and the definitions of its subclasses will be revised.
portion of environmental material
A portion of environmental material is a fiat object which forms the medium or part of the medium of an environmental system.
DOI:10.1186/2041-1480-4-43
MA:ma
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
URL:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/niches.html
surface layer
A surface layer is the uppermost layer of some material entity.
ENVO
ENVO:00010504
EcoLexicon:surface
SWEETRealm:Surface
This class is distinct from a geometric surface, which is two-dimensional. The idea of "uppermost" may be problematic. Further, the definition of layer (the superclass of surface in rev 133) references surface. This may be another issue. Perhaps this can be made into an inferred class using 'bounding layer of' some material entity, note that 'bounding layer' implies containment, which may not be valid here.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface
A surface layer is the uppermost layer of some material entity.
URL:http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/surface
aerosol
Airborne solid particles (also called dust or particulate matter (PM)) or liquid droplets.
ENVO
ENVO:00010505
EcoLexicon:aerosol
SWEETRealm:Aerosol
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerosol
Should connect to PATO as "quality of an aerosol"
Airborne solid particles (also called dust or particulate matter (PM)) or liquid droplets.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerosol
emulsion
A mixture of two immiscible (unblendable) substances. One substance (the dispersed phase) is dispersed in the other (the continuous phase).
ENVO
ENVO:00010506
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emulsion
A mixture of two immiscible (unblendable) substances. One substance (the dispersed phase) is dispersed in the other (the continuous phase).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emulsion
medical instrument
ENVO
ENVO:00010621
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_instrument
vivarium
ENVO
ENVO:00010622
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivarium
A vivarium is an enclosure for keeping and raising organisms for observation or research. Often, a portion of the ecosystem for a particular species is simulated on a smaller scale, with controls for environmental conditions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivarium
A vivarium is an enclosure for keeping and raising organisms for observation or research. Often, a portion of the ecosystem for a particular species is simulated on a smaller scale, with controls for environmental conditions.
dolomite
A sedimentary carbonate rock and a mineral, both composed of calcium magnesium carbonate CaMg(CO3)2 found in crystals.
ENVO
ENVO:00010623
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolomite
A sedimentary carbonate rock and a mineral, both composed of calcium magnesium carbonate CaMg(CO3)2 found in crystals.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolomite
botanical garden
A place where a wide variety of plants primarily categorized and documented for scientific purposes.
ENVO
ENVO:00010624
botanic garden
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botanical_garden
A place where a wide variety of plants primarily categorized and documented for scientific purposes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botanical_garden
zoological garden
A facility in which animals are confined within enclosures and displayed to the public, and in which they may also be bred.
ENVO
ENVO:00010625
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoological_garden
zoo
zoological park
A facility in which animals are confined within enclosures and displayed to the public, and in which they may also be bred.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoo
ocean time series station
A research facility consisting of instruments that measure the properties of the oceans over time. Usually of at least approximately fixed location.
ENVO
ENVO:00011764
A research facility consisting of instruments that measure the properties of the oceans over time. Usually of at least approximately fixed location.
MA:ma
aquifer
An underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock or unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, silt, or clay) from which groundwater can be usefully extracted using a water well.
ENVO
ENVO:00012408
EcoLexicon:aquifer
SWEETRealm:Aquifer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquifer
An underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock or unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, silt, or clay) from which groundwater can be usefully extracted using a water well.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquifer
karst cave
ENVO
ENVO:00012411
obsolete animal food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010000
true
anthropogenic environmental material
Anthropogenic material in or on which organisms may live.
ENVO
ENVO:0010001
Anthropogenic material in or on which organisms may live.
MA:ma
obsolete cereal food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010002
true
agricultural environmental material
ENVO
ENVO:0010003
This is quite odd and it probably should be obsoleted. Any material that is a participant in an agricultural process can be seen as an agricultural material.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This is quite odd and it probably should be obsoleted. Any material that is a participant in an agricultural process can be seen as an agricultural material.
beverage product
A liquid which is specifically prepared for human consumption.
ENVO
ENVO:0010004
true
A liquid which is specifically prepared for human consumption.
web:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beverage
obsolete fermented beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010005
alcoholic beverage
true
obsolete fermented grape beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010006
true
obsolete fermented Elaeis Palm beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010007
true
obsolete fermented sugar cane beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010008
true
obsolete fermented apple beverage
ENVO
ENVO:00003892
ENVO:0010009
fermented apple
true
obsolete apple beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010010
true
obsolete orange fruit beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010011
true
obsolete grape beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010012
true
obsolete fermented cereal beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010013
true
obsolete fermented agave beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010014
true
fermented soya product
ENVO
ENVO:0010015
true
obsolete sea water fish egg product
ENVO
ENVO:0010016
true
obsolete avian egg product
ENVO
ENVO:0010017
true
obsolete camelid dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010018
true
obsolete bovine dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010019
true
obsolete buffalo dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010020
true
obsolete caprine dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010021
true
obsolete donkey dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010022
true
obsolete equine dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010023
true
obsolete ovine dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010024
true
obsolete yak dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010025
true
obsolete zebra dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010026
true
obsolete reindeer dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010027
true
obsolete water buffalo dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010028
true
obsolete horse dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010029
true
obsolete domestic cattle dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010030
true
obsolete cervid dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:0010031
true
obsolete camelid milk
ENVO
ENVO:0010032
true
obsolete equine milk
ENVO
ENVO:0010033
true
obsolete cervid milk
ENVO
ENVO:0010034
true
obsolete cow's milk
ENVO
ENVO:0010035
true
obsolete caprine cheese product
ENVO
ENVO:0010036
true
obsolete ovine cheese product
ENVO
ENVO:0010037
true
obsolete bovine cheese product
ENVO
ENVO:0010038
true
obsolete cow's milk cheese
ENVO
ENVO:0010039
true
obsolete Limburger
ENVO
ENVO:0010040
true
obsolete goat's milk cheese
ENVO
ENVO:0010041
true
obsolete sheep's milk cheese
ENVO
ENVO:0010042
true
obsolete poultry meat product
ENVO
ENVO:0010043
true
obsolete porcine meat product
ENVO
ENVO:0010044
true
obsolete condiment
ENVO
ENVO:0010045
true
obsolete bovine meat product
ENVO
ENVO:0010046
true
obsolete distilled fermented grain beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010047
true
obsolete distilled fermented beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010048
true
obsolete soya food product
2010-02-25T08:45:50Z
ENVO
ENVO:0010049
michaelashburner
true
obsolete tea-based beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010050
true
obsolete coffee-based beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010051
true
obsolete fruit juice beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010052
true
obsolete wheat product
ENVO
ENVO:0010053
true
obsolete maize product
ENVO
ENVO:0010054
true
obsolete fungal product
ENVO
ENVO:0010055
true
obsolete yeast product
ENVO
ENVO:0010056
true
obsolete microbial food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010057
true
obsolete solanaceous root product
ENVO
ENVO:0010058
true
obsolete plant root food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010059
true
obsolete potato product
ENVO
ENVO:0010060
true
obsolete confectionery product
ENVO
ENVO:0010061
true
obsolete cucurbit fruit product
ENVO
ENVO:0010062
true
obsolete citrus fruit product
ENVO
ENVO:0010063
true
obsolete melon fruit product
ENVO
ENVO:0010064
true
obsolete Cucumis melo fruit
ENVO
ENVO:0010065
true
obsolete Citrullus lanatus fruit
ENVO
ENVO:0010066
true
obsolete watermelon
ENVO
ENVO:0010067
true
obsolete citrus fruit beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010068
true
obsolete pomaceous fruit beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010069
true
obsolete pomaceous fruit product
ENVO
ENVO:0010070
true
obsolete fermented pomaceous fruit beverage
ENVO
ENVO:0010071
true
obsolete pomaceous fruit extract
ENVO
ENVO:0010072
true
obsolete citrus fruit extract
ENVO
ENVO:0010073
true
obsolete grape extract
ENVO
ENVO:0010074
true
obsolete solanaceous fruit product
ENVO
ENVO:0010075
true
obsolete tomato product
ENVO
ENVO:0010076
true
obsolete solanaceous food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010077
true
obsolete plant inflorescence food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010078
true
obsolete amaranthaceous food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010079
true
obsolete leguminous food product
Definitions and types from http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/faoinfo/economic/faodef/fdef04e.htm.
ENVO
ENVO:0010080
pulse
true
obsolete cruciferous food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010081
true
obsolete grape fruit product
ENVO
ENVO:0010082
true
obsolete cruciferous inflorescence food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010083
true
obsolete nut food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010084
true
obsolete plant seed food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010085
true
obsolete plant lipid food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010086
true
obsolete plant stem food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010087
true
obsolete invertebrate food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010088
true
obsolete insect food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010089
true
obsolete honey product
ENVO
ENVO:0010090
true
obsolete amaranthaceous inflorescence food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010091
true
obsolete processed food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010092
true
obsolete cooked food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010093
true
obsolete pickled cruciferous food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010094
true
obsolete bread
ENVO
ENVO:0010095
true
obsolete algal food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010096
true
obsolete rice product
ENVO
ENVO:0010097
true
obsolete buckewheat product
ENVO
ENVO:0010098
true
obsolete sorghum product
ENVO
ENVO:0010099
true
obsolete milet product
ENVO
ENVO:0010100
true
obsolete oats product
ENVO
ENVO:0010101
true
obsolete rye product
ENVO
ENVO:0010102
true
obsolete barley product
ENVO
ENVO:0010103
true
obsolete quinoa product
ENVO
ENVO:0010104
true
obsolete fonio product
ENVO
ENVO:0010105
true
obsolete dry peas product
ENVO
ENVO:0010106
true
obsolete lentil product
ENVO
ENVO:0010107
true
obsolete pigeon pea product
ENVO
ENVO:0010108
true
obsolete bambara groundnut product
ENVO
ENVO:0010109
true
obsolete dry broad beans product
ENVO
ENVO:0010110
true
obsolete chickpea product
ENVO
ENVO:0010111
true
obsolete cowpea product
ENVO
ENVO:0010112
true
obsolete dry beans product
ENVO
ENVO:0010113
true
obsolete winged bean product
ENVO
ENVO:0010114
true
obsolete vetch seed product
ENVO
ENVO:0010115
true
obsolete yam bean product
ENVO
ENVO:0010116
true
obsolete velvet bean product
ENVO
ENVO:0010117
true
obsolete lupin seed product
ENVO
ENVO:0010118
true
obsolete jack bean product
ENVO
ENVO:0010119
true
obsolete hyacinth bean product
ENVO
ENVO:0010120
true
obsolete pulse
ENVO
ENVO:0010121
true
This has to be reconciled with "legume". Seems to be a subclass.
According to the FAO: 'The term "pulses" is limited to crops harvested solely for dry grain, thereby excludingcrops harvested green for food (green peas, green beans, etc.) which are classified as vegetable crops. Also excluded are those crops used mainly for oil extraction (e.g.soybeand and groundnuts) and leguminous crops (e.g. seeds of clover and alfalfa) that are used exclusively for sowing purposes.'
http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/faoinfo/economic/faodef/fdef04e.htm#4.02
According to the FAO: 'The term "pulses" is limited to crops harvested solely for dry grain, thereby excludingcrops harvested green for food (green peas, green beans, etc.) which are classified as vegetable crops. Also excluded are those crops used mainly for oil extraction (e.g.soybeand and groundnuts) and leguminous crops (e.g. seeds of clover and alfalfa) that are used exclusively for sowing purposes.'
obsolete wheat flour
ENVO
ENVO:0010122
true
obsolete pasta
ENVO
ENVO:0010123
true
obsolete pastry
ENVO
ENVO:0010124
true
obsolete baked food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010125
true
obsolete candy
ENVO
ENVO:0010126
true
obsolete cacao food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010127
true
obsolete cream
ENVO
ENVO:0010128
true
obsolete milk
ENVO
ENVO:0010129
true
obsolete bee food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010130
true
obsolete cooked smoked sausage
ENVO
ENVO:0010131
true
obsolete smoked sausage
ENVO
ENVO:0010132
true
obsolete fresh smoked sausage
ENVO
ENVO:0010133
true
obsolete fresh sausage
ENVO
ENVO:0010134
true
obsolete dry sausage
ENVO
ENVO:0010135
true
obsolete cooked sausage
ENVO
ENVO:0010136
true
obsolete smoked meat
ENVO
ENVO:0010137
true
obsolete fruit preserve
ENVO
ENVO:0010138
true
obsolete jam
ENVO
ENVO:0010139
true
obsolete rennet product
ENVO
ENVO:0010140
true
obsolete processed cheese product
ENVO
ENVO:0010141
true
obsolete mustard
ENVO
ENVO:0010142
true
obsolete creamy salad dressing
ENVO
ENVO:0010143
true
obsolete vinaigrette
ENVO
ENVO:0010144
true
obsolete nut oil
ENVO
ENVO:0010146
true
obsolete mayonnaise
ENVO
ENVO:0010147
true
obsolete soy sauce
ENVO
ENVO:00003916
ENVO:0010148
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soy_sauce
true
obsolete fresh sea water fish
ENVO
ENVO:0010149
true
obsolete natural rennet
ENVO
ENVO:0010150
true
obsolete microbial rennet
ENVO
ENVO:0010151
true
obsolete vegetable rennet
ENVO
ENVO:0010152
true
obsolete genetically engineered rennet
ENVO
ENVO:0010153
true
obsolete processed pork
ENVO
ENVO:0010154
true
obsolete spice product
ENVO
ENVO:0010155
true
obsolete animal lipid food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010156
true
obsolete coffee
ENVO
ENVO:0010157
true
obsolete tea
ENVO
ENVO:0010158
true
obsolete hot chocolate
ENVO
ENVO:0010159
true
obsolete mate
ENVO
ENVO:0010160
EcoLexicon:mating
true
naturally occuring environmental material
ENVO
ENVO:0010161
ENVO:01000155
true
dry stream valley
ENVO
ENVO:0010162
Requires some relation like "formed by" erosion process with participant stream.
dry river valley
ENVO
ENVO:0010163
Requires some relation like "formed by" erosion process with participant river.
obsolete fish food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010164
true
obsolete freshwater fish product
ENVO
ENVO:0010165
true
obsolete fish egg product
ENVO
ENVO:0010166
true
obsolete avian food product
ENVO
ENVO:0010167
true
obsolete animal derived beverage
2010-02-25T08:36:43Z
ENVO
ENVO:0010168
michaelashburner
true
obsolete plant derived beverage
2010-02-25T08:37:10Z
ENVO
ENVO:0010169
michaelashburner
true
obsolete fermented plant derived beverage
2010-02-25T08:37:36Z
ENVO
ENVO:0010170
michaelashburner
true
obsolete non-fermented plant derived beverage
2010-02-25T08:38:17Z
ENVO
ENVO:0010171
michaelashburner
true
humus
ENVO
ENVO:01000000
EcoLexicon:humus
Organic matter in soil which has reached a point of stability, where it will break down no further and might, if conditions do not change, remain essentially as it is for centuries, or millennia.
SWEETRealm:Humus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humus
Organic matter in soil which has reached a point of stability, where it will break down no further and might, if conditions do not change, remain essentially as it is for centuries, or millennia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humus
mud
A liquid or semi-liquid mixture of water and some combination of soil, silt, and clay.
ENVO
ENVO:01000001
EcoLexicon:mud
LTER:356
SWEETRealm:Mud
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mud
A liquid or semi-liquid mixture of water and some combination of soil, silt, and clay.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mud
water well
ENVO
ENVO:01000002
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_well
oil well
ENVO
ENVO:01000003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_well
concentration basin mediterranean sea biome
2010-03-19T09:32:59Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000004
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The concentration basin mediterranean sea biome comprises expressions of the mediterranean sea biome that have higher salinity than bordering oceans due to evaporation. Water exchange consists of inflow of the fresher oceanic water in the upper layer and outflow of the saltier mediterranean water in the lower layer of the connecting channel.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The concentration basin mediterranean sea biome comprises expressions of the mediterranean sea biome that have higher salinity than bordering oceans due to evaporation. Water exchange consists of inflow of the fresher oceanic water in the upper layer and outflow of the saltier mediterranean water in the lower layer of the connecting channel.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediterranean_sea
upwelling
ENVO
ENVO:01000005
ENVO:01000063
EcoLexicon:upwell
EcoLexicon:upwelling
MERGED DEFINITION:
TARGET DEFINITION: An oceanographic feature that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water towards the ocean surface, replacing the warmer, usually nutrient-deplete surface water.
--------------------
SOURCE DEFINITION: A marine upwelling is a net flow of marine water to the surface of the water column from deeper regions. This is often a result of surface water displacement off continental coasts by wind action. Localised upwellings may also occur along divergent fronts around eddies and along some of the major oceanographic features. Deeper waters often have higher nutrient content; consequently blooms of primary producers, such as planktonic algae, are generally observed around upwelling zones.
SWEETRealm:Upwelling
This term is specific to marine upwellings.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upwelling
marine upwelling
MERGED DEFINITION:
TARGET DEFINITION: An oceanographic feature that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water towards the ocean surface, replacing the warmer, usually nutrient-deplete surface water.
--------------------
SOURCE DEFINITION: A marine upwelling is a net flow of marine water to the surface of the water column from deeper regions. This is often a result of surface water displacement off continental coasts by wind action. Localised upwellings may also occur along divergent fronts around eddies and along some of the major oceanographic features. Deeper waters often have higher nutrient content; consequently blooms of primary producers, such as planktonic algae, are generally observed around upwelling zones.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upwelling
coastal upwelling
An upwelling that is near a coast.
ENVO
ENVO:01000006
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_upwelling
An upwelling that is near a coast.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
microbial feature
ENVO
ENVO:01000007
microbial mat
A multi-layered sheet of micro-organisms, mainly bacteria and archaea. Microbial mats grow at interfaces between different types of material, mostly on submerged or moist surfaces but a few survive in deserts.
ENVO
ENVO:01000008
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_mat
A multi-layered sheet of micro-organisms, mainly bacteria and archaea. Microbial mats grow at interfaces between different types of material, mostly on submerged or moist surfaces but a few survive in deserts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_mat
biotic mesoscopic physical object
ENVO
ENVO:01000009
organic material feature
abiotic mesoscopic physical object
ENVO
ENVO:01000010
obsolete dairy product
ENVO
ENVO:01000011
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy_product
true
obsolete milk product
ENVO
ENVO:01000012
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk
true
obsolete fermented food product
ENVO
ENVO:01000013
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermented_food
true
obsolete wine
ENVO
ENVO:01000014
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine
true
obsolete beer
ENVO
ENVO:01000015
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer
true
silt
ENVO
ENVO:01000016
EcoLexicon:silt
SWEETRealm:Silt
Silt is granular material of a size somewhere between sand and clay whose mineral origin is quartz and feldspar.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ In the Udden-Wentworth scale (due to Krumbein), silt particles range between 0.0039 to 0.0625 mm, larger than clay but smaller than sand particles. ISO 14688 grades silts between 0.002 mm and 0.063 mm. In actuality, silt is chemically distinct from clay, and unlike clay, grains of silt are approximately the same size in all dimensions; furthermore, their size ranges overlap. Clays are formed from thin plate-shaped particles held together by electrostatic forces, so present a cohesion. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Texture Classification system, the sand-silt distinction is made at the 0.05 mm particle size. The USDA system has been adopted by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). In the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) and the AASHTO Soil Classification system, the sand-silt distinction is made at the 0.075 mm particle size (i.e., material passing the #200 sieve). Silts and clays are distinguished mechanically by their plasticity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silt
Silt is granular material of a size somewhere between sand and clay whose mineral origin is quartz and feldspar.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silt
sand
A naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.
ENVO
ENVO:01000017
EcoLexicon:sand
LTER:484
SWEETRealm:Sand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand
A naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand
gravel
ENVO
ENVO:01000018
EcoLexicon:gravel
Gravel is an environmental material which is composed of pieces of rock that are at least two millimeters (2mm) in its largest dimension and no more than 75 millimeters.
SWEETRealm:Gravel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravel
The logical def is a little off here - it should really suggest that a gravel is composed of many "pieces" of gravel.
Gravel is an environmental material which is composed of pieces of rock that are at least two millimeters (2mm) in its largest dimension and no more than 75 millimeters.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravel
cave floor
ENVO
ENVO:01000019
surface layer with role "walking substrate" or similar. Indicate it is some sort of "bottom"
estuarine biome
2010-03-15T11:17:06Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000020
Expressions of the estuarine biome occur at wide lower courses of a rivers where they flow into a sea. Estuaries experience tidal flows and their water is a changing mixture of fresh and salt.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SPIRE:Estuarine
Expressions of the estuarine biome occur at wide lower courses of a rivers where they flow into a sea. Estuaries experience tidal flows and their water is a changing mixture of fresh and salt.
ISBN-10:0618455043
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
mangrove biome
2010-03-15T11:17:06Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000021
ENVO:01000181
Expressions of the mangrove biome are typically found in tropical and sub-tropical tidal areas, in depositional coastal environments where fine sediments (often with high organic content) collect in areas protected from high energy wave action. A variety of characteristic trees and shrubs occur here and are able to withstand a high degree of salinity as well as regions of anoxia and frequent tidal inundation. These areas include estuaries and marine shorelines.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
true
Expressions of the mangrove biome are typically found in tropical and sub-tropical tidal areas, in depositional coastal environments where fine sediments (often with high organic content) collect in areas protected from high energy wave action. A variety of characteristic trees and shrubs occur here and are able to withstand a high degree of salinity as well as regions of anoxia and frequent tidal inundation. These areas include estuaries and marine shorelines.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove
marine salt marsh biome
2010-03-15T11:17:06Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000022
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine salt marsh biome comprises marshes that are transitional intertidals between land and salty or brackish marine water (e.g.: sloughs, bays, estuaries). It is dominated by halophytic (salt tolerant) herbaceous plants. The daily tidal surges bring in nutrients, which tend to settle in roots of the plants within the salt marsh. The natural chemical activity of salty (or brackish) water and the tendency of algae to bloom in the shallow unshaded water also allow for great biodiversity.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine salt marsh biome comprises marshes that are transitional intertidals between land and salty or brackish marine water (e.g.: sloughs, bays, estuaries). It is dominated by halophytic (salt tolerant) herbaceous plants. The daily tidal surges bring in nutrients, which tend to settle in roots of the plants within the salt marsh. The natural chemical activity of salty (or brackish) water and the tendency of algae to bloom in the shallow unshaded water also allow for great biodiversity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_marsh
marine pelagic biome
2010-03-15T11:17:06Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000023
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine pelagic biome (pelagic meaning open sea) is that of the marine water column, from the surface to the greatest depths.
ISBN:0750633840
The marine pelagic biome (pelagic meaning open sea) is that of the marine water column, from the surface to the greatest depths.
marine benthic biome
2010-03-15T11:17:06Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000024
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SPIRE:Benthic
The marine benthic biome (benthic meaning 'bottom') encompasses the seafloor and includes such areas as shores, littoral or intertidal areas, marine coral reefs, and the deep seabed.
ISBN:0750633840
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine benthic biome (benthic meaning 'bottom') encompasses the seafloor and includes such areas as shores, littoral or intertidal areas, marine coral reefs, and the deep seabed.
marine neritic benthic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:18:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000025
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine neritic zone biome comprises sea floor from the high tide mark to a continental shelf break. This zone generally extends to 200 m below average sea level.
ISBN:044482619X
ISBN:0750633840
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine neritic zone biome comprises sea floor from the high tide mark to a continental shelf break. This zone generally extends to 200 m below average sea level.
marine bathyal zone biome
2010-03-15T11:18:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000026
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The mariine bathyal zone biome comprises regions of the marine benthic biome between approximately 200 m and 3000 m depth. This zone generally coincides with the continental slope.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The mariine bathyal zone biome comprises regions of the marine benthic biome between approximately 200 m and 3000 m depth. This zone generally coincides with the continental slope.
marine abyssal zone biome
2010-03-15T11:18:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000027
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine abyssal zone biome comprises regions of the marine benthic biome between approximately 2500 m and 6000 m depth. This zone generally coincides with the continental rise and the abyssal plain.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine abyssal zone biome comprises regions of the marine benthic biome between approximately 2500 m and 6000 m depth. This zone generally coincides with the continental rise and the abyssal plain.
marine hadal zone biome
2010-03-15T11:18:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000028
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine hadal zone biome describes sea floor deeper than 6000 m such as that of the oceanic trenches.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine hadal zone biome describes sea floor deeper than 6000 m such as that of the oceanic trenches.
marine reef biome
2010-03-15T11:18:40Z
A biome expressed by strips or ridges of rocks, sand, or coral that rises to or near the surface of a body of marine water.
ENVO
ENVO:01000029
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A biome expressed by strips or ridges of rocks, sand, or coral that rises to or near the surface of a body of marine water.
ISBN-10:0618455043
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine hydrothermal vent biome
2010-03-15T11:18:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000030
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine hydrothermal vent biome comprises regions of the marine benthic biome where heat generated due to tectonic activity, either at divergent plate boundaries or convergent ocean plates where back-arc spreading occurs, is released or 'vented' to the surface. The resultant high temperature water jets are laden with dissolved metals and minerals.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine hydrothermal vent biome comprises regions of the marine benthic biome where heat generated due to tectonic activity, either at divergent plate boundaries or convergent ocean plates where back-arc spreading occurs, is released or 'vented' to the surface. The resultant high temperature water jets are laden with dissolved metals and minerals.
marine feature
2010-03-16T12:04:50Z
A prominent or distinctive aspect, quality, or characteristic of a marine biome.
ENVO
ENVO:00001999
ENVO:01000031
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
true
A prominent or distinctive aspect, quality, or characteristic of a marine biome.
ISBN-10:0618455043
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
neritic pelagic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:19:19Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000032
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The neritic epipelagic zone biome comprises the marine water column above a continental shelf.
ISBN:044482619X
ISBN:0750633840
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The neritic epipelagic zone biome comprises the marine water column above a continental shelf.
oceanic pelagic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:19:19Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000033
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The oceanic epipelagic zone biome comprises the marine water column offshore, beyond a continental shelf.
ISBN:044482619X
ISBN:0750633840
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The oceanic epipelagic zone biome comprises the marine water column offshore, beyond a continental shelf.
oceanic sea surface microlayer biome
2010-03-15T11:21:03Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000034
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The oceanic sea surface microlayer (SML) biome comprises the top 1000 micrometers of the marine surface waters occurring offshore, away from a continental shelf. It is the boundary layer where all exchange occurs between the atmosphere and the ocean. The chemical, physical, and biological properties of the SML differ greatly from the sub-surface water just a few centimeters beneath.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The oceanic sea surface microlayer (SML) biome comprises the top 1000 micrometers of the marine surface waters occurring offshore, away from a continental shelf. It is the boundary layer where all exchange occurs between the atmosphere and the ocean. The chemical, physical, and biological properties of the SML differ greatly from the sub-surface water just a few centimeters beneath.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_surface_microlayer
oceanic epipelagic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:21:03Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000035
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The oceanic epipelagic zone biome comprises regions of the marine water column that occur offshore, beyond a continental shelf. This biome extends from the surface of the ocean to a depth of ca. 200-250m. Throughout the zone the light field tends to be asymmetrical vertically, so that the direction and elevation of the sun can still be detected. The oceanic epipelagic zone biome encompasses the euphotic zone and, where and when it occurs, the seasonal thermocline.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The oceanic epipelagic zone biome comprises regions of the marine water column that occur offshore, beyond a continental shelf. This biome extends from the surface of the ocean to a depth of ca. 200-250m. Throughout the zone the light field tends to be asymmetrical vertically, so that the direction and elevation of the sun can still be detected. The oceanic epipelagic zone biome encompasses the euphotic zone and, where and when it occurs, the seasonal thermocline.
oceanic mesopelagic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:21:03Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000036
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The oceanic mesopelagic zone biome comprises regions of the marine water column that occur offshore, beyond a continental shelf. This biome extends through the water column from approximately 200-1000 m depth - the maximal depth of light penetration in all but the clearest oligotrophic ocean regions. In comparison to the epipelagic zone, dominant forms of pelagic organisms do not change very much; however, there are marked changes in species composition and the proportion of smaller-sized individuals decreases.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The oceanic mesopelagic zone biome comprises regions of the marine water column that occur offshore, beyond a continental shelf. This biome extends through the water column from approximately 200-1000 m depth - the maximal depth of light penetration in all but the clearest oligotrophic ocean regions. In comparison to the epipelagic zone, dominant forms of pelagic organisms do not change very much; however, there are marked changes in species composition and the proportion of smaller-sized individuals decreases.
oceanic bathypelagic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:21:03Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000037
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The bathypelagic zone biome comprises the marine water column below approximately 1000 m water depth - the maximum depth to which detectable daylight penetrates in all but the clearest oligotrophic waters - and extends to about 2500 - 2700 m water depth. In the temperate Atlantic, the beginning of the bathypelagic zone biome approximates to the deep oxygen minimum and the base of the permanent thermocline.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The bathypelagic zone biome comprises the marine water column below approximately 1000 m water depth - the maximum depth to which detectable daylight penetrates in all but the clearest oligotrophic waters - and extends to about 2500 - 2700 m water depth. In the temperate Atlantic, the beginning of the bathypelagic zone biome approximates to the deep oxygen minimum and the base of the permanent thermocline.
oceanic abyssopelagic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:21:03Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000038
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The abyssopelagic zone biome comprises the marine water column below the bathypelagic zone biome at approximately 2500 -2700 m and extends either to the hadal pelagic zone biome (at approximately 6000 m) or to the benthopelagic zone biome within ca. 100 m of the seafloor. The depth of 2700 m may be critical for physiological reasons as the change in hydrostatic pressure across this depth may preclude organism migration.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The abyssopelagic zone biome comprises the marine water column below the bathypelagic zone biome at approximately 2500 -2700 m and extends either to the hadal pelagic zone biome (at approximately 6000 m) or to the benthopelagic zone biome within ca. 100 m of the seafloor. The depth of 2700 m may be critical for physiological reasons as the change in hydrostatic pressure across this depth may preclude organism migration.
oceanic hadal pelagic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:21:03Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000039
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The oceanic hadal pelagic zone biome comprises the water column in oceanic trenches occurring at depths between 6000m and 10,000m.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The oceanic hadal pelagic zone biome comprises the water column in oceanic trenches occurring at depths between 6000m and 10,000m.
oceanic benthopelagic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:21:03Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000040
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The benthopelagic zone biome comprises regions of the marine water column which usually coincide with the benthic boundary layer (BBL) - the layer of isothermal and isohaline water contiguous to the sea floor. A general reversal in the declining gradient of pelagic biomass may be observed here, perhaps explained by viable nutrition on the sea floor being resuspended by bottom currents. This zone typically extends 100 m above the seafloor, but may reach upto1000 m during benthic storms.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The benthopelagic zone biome comprises regions of the marine water column which usually coincide with the benthic boundary layer (BBL) - the layer of isothermal and isohaline water contiguous to the sea floor. A general reversal in the declining gradient of pelagic biomass may be observed here, perhaps explained by viable nutrition on the sea floor being resuspended by bottom currents. This zone typically extends 100 m above the seafloor, but may reach upto1000 m during benthic storms.
neritic sea surface microlayer biome
2010-03-15T11:22:09Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000041
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The neritic sea surface microlayer (SML) biome comprises the top 1000 micrometers of marine surface waters occurring above a continental shelf. It is the boundary layer where all exchange occurs between the atmosphere and the ocean. The chemical, physical, and biological properties of the SML differ greatly from the sub-surface water just a few centimeters beneath.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The neritic sea surface microlayer (SML) biome comprises the top 1000 micrometers of marine surface waters occurring above a continental shelf. It is the boundary layer where all exchange occurs between the atmosphere and the ocean. The chemical, physical, and biological properties of the SML differ greatly from the sub-surface water just a few centimeters beneath.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_surface_microlayer
neritic epipelagic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:22:09Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000042
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The neritic epipelagic zone biome comprises the marine water column that occurs above a continental shelf and extends from the surface of the ocean to a depth of ca. 200-250m. Throughout the zone the light field tends to be asymmetrical vertically, so that the direction and elevation of the sun can still be detected. The epipelagic zone encompasses the euphotic zone and, where and when it occurs, the seasonal thermocline.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The neritic epipelagic zone biome comprises the marine water column that occurs above a continental shelf and extends from the surface of the ocean to a depth of ca. 200-250m. Throughout the zone the light field tends to be asymmetrical vertically, so that the direction and elevation of the sun can still be detected. The epipelagic zone encompasses the euphotic zone and, where and when it occurs, the seasonal thermocline.
neritic mesopelagic zone biome
2010-03-15T11:22:09Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000043
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The neritic mesopelagic zone biome comprises the marine column that occurs above a continental shelf and extends from approximately 200 to 1000 m depth - the maximal depth of light penetration in all but the clearest oligotrophic ocean regions. In comparison to the epipelagic zone, dominant forms of pelagic organisms do not change very much; however, there are marked changes in species composition and the proportion of smaller-sized individuals decreases.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The neritic mesopelagic zone biome comprises the marine column that occurs above a continental shelf and extends from approximately 200 to 1000 m depth - the maximal depth of light penetration in all but the clearest oligotrophic ocean regions. In comparison to the epipelagic zone, dominant forms of pelagic organisms do not change very much; however, there are marked changes in species composition and the proportion of smaller-sized individuals decreases.
marine pelagic feature
2010-03-16T12:10:50Z
A prominent or distinctive aspect, quality, or characteristic of environments occurring within the marine water column.
ENVO
ENVO:01000044
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A prominent or distinctive aspect, quality, or characteristic of environments occurring within the marine water column.
ISBN-10:0618455043
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
epeiric sea biome
2010-03-15T11:23:23Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000045
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The epeiric sea (also known as an epicontinental sea) biome comprises a shallow seas that extend over part of a continent. Epeiric seas are usually associated with the marine transgressions of the geologic past, which have variously been due to either global eustatic sea level changes, local tectonic deformation, or both, and are occasionally semi-cyclic.
epicontinental sea biome
epicontinental sea biome
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epeiric_sea
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The epeiric sea (also known as an epicontinental sea) biome comprises a shallow seas that extend over part of a continent. Epeiric seas are usually associated with the marine transgressions of the geologic past, which have variously been due to either global eustatic sea level changes, local tectonic deformation, or both, and are occasionally semi-cyclic.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epeiric_sea
marginal sea biome
2010-03-15T11:23:23Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000046
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marginal sea biome comprises parts of an ocean partially enclosed by land such as islands, archipelagos, or peninsulas. Unlike mediterranean seas, marginal seas have ocean currents caused by ocean winds. Many marginal seas are enclosed by island arcs that were formed from the subduction of one oceanic plate beneath another.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marginal sea biome comprises parts of an ocean partially enclosed by land such as islands, archipelagos, or peninsulas. Unlike mediterranean seas, marginal seas have ocean currents caused by ocean winds. Many marginal seas are enclosed by island arcs that were formed from the subduction of one oceanic plate beneath another.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal_sea
mediterranean sea biome
2010-03-15T11:23:23Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000047
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The mediterranean sea biome comprises mostly enclosed seas that have limited exchange of deep water with outer oceans and where the water circulation is dominated by salinity and temperature differences rather than winds.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The mediterranean sea biome comprises mostly enclosed seas that have limited exchange of deep water with outer oceans and where the water circulation is dominated by salinity and temperature differences rather than winds.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediterranean_sea
ocean biome
2010-03-15T11:23:23Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000048
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The ocean biome comprises major bodies of saline water, principal components of the hydrosphere. Approximately 71% of the Earth's surface is covered by ocean, a continuous body of water that is customarily divided into several principal oceans and smaller seas. More than half of this area is over 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) deep. Average oceanic salinity is around 35 parts per thousand (ppt) (3.5%), and nearly all seawater has a salinity in the range of 30 to 38 ppt.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The ocean biome comprises major bodies of saline water, principal components of the hydrosphere. Approximately 71% of the Earth's surface is covered by ocean, a continuous body of water that is customarily divided into several principal oceans and smaller seas. More than half of this area is over 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) deep. Average oceanic salinity is around 35 parts per thousand (ppt) (3.5%), and nearly all seawater has a salinity in the range of 30 to 38 ppt.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean
marine coral reef biome
2010-03-15T11:27:06Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000049
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine coral reef biome comprises constructional wave-resistant entities which are primarily built by corals and are often cemented together. The growth of these structures is aided by zooxanthellae, algae that are symbiotic with the reef-building corals.
ISBN:0750633840
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine coral reef biome comprises constructional wave-resistant entities which are primarily built by corals and are often cemented together. The growth of these structures is aided by zooxanthellae, algae that are symbiotic with the reef-building corals.
marine subtidal rocky reef biome
2010-03-15T11:27:06Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000050
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine rocky subtidal reef biome comprises regions of the marine reef biome composed mainly of rock and which harbour abundant communities of algae and invertebrates. These reefs are often very patchy, with alterations of rocks dominated by rich invertebrate assemblages and turf-forming calcareous red algae.
ISBN:0750633840
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine rocky subtidal reef biome comprises regions of the marine reef biome composed mainly of rock and which harbour abundant communities of algae and invertebrates. These reefs are often very patchy, with alterations of rocks dominated by rich invertebrate assemblages and turf-forming calcareous red algae.
marine black smoker biome
2010-03-15T11:29:37Z
A marine black smoker biome comprises regions of the marine hydrothermal vent biome characterised by a black vent plume. This black plume is a consequence of dissolved metals and minerals forming complexes with sulphide and indicates polymetallic sulphide mineral deposits beneath the surface.
ENVO
ENVO:01000051
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine black smoker biome comprises regions of the marine hydrothermal vent biome characterised by a black vent plume. This black plume is a consequence of dissolved metals and minerals forming complexes with sulphide and indicates polymetallic sulphide mineral deposits beneath the surface.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine white smoker biome
2010-03-15T11:29:37Z
A marine white smoker biome comprises regions of the marine hydrothermal vent biome characterised by lightly hued plumes, typically containing barium, calcium, and silicon. These vents tend to have lower temperature plumes when compared to black smoker environments.
ENVO
ENVO:01000052
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine white smoker biome comprises regions of the marine hydrothermal vent biome characterised by lightly hued plumes, typically containing barium, calcium, and silicon. These vents tend to have lower temperature plumes when compared to black smoker environments.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_vent
marine ultramafic hydrothermal vent biome
2010-03-15T11:29:37Z
A marine ultramafic hydrothermal vent biome comprises regions of themarine hydrothermal vent biome hosted on ultramafic (also referred to as ultrabasic) rocks. Ultramafic rocks are igneous and meta-igneous rocks with very low silica content (less than 45%), generally >18% MgO, high FeO, low potassium, and are composed of usually greater than 90% mafic minerals (dark colored, high magnesium and iron content). The Earth's mantle is composed of ultramafic rocks.
ENVO
ENVO:01000053
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine ultramafic hydrothermal vent biome comprises regions of themarine hydrothermal vent biome hosted on ultramafic (also referred to as ultrabasic) rocks. Ultramafic rocks are igneous and meta-igneous rocks with very low silica content (less than 45%), generally >18% MgO, high FeO, low potassium, and are composed of usually greater than 90% mafic minerals (dark colored, high magnesium and iron content). The Earth's mantle is composed of ultramafic rocks.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultramafic
marine basaltic hydrothermal vent biome
2010-03-15T11:29:37Z
A marine basaltic hydrothermal vent biome comprises regions of the marine hydrothermal vent biome hosted on basaltic rocks. Basalt generally has a composition of 45 to 55 wt % SiO2, 2 to 6 wt % total alkalis, 0.5 to 2.0 wt % TiO2, 5 to 14 wt % FeO and 14 wt % or more Al2O3. Contents of CaO are commonly near 10 wt %, those of MgO commonly in the range 5 to 12 wt %.
ENVO
ENVO:01000054
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine basaltic hydrothermal vent biome comprises regions of the marine hydrothermal vent biome hosted on basaltic rocks. Basalt generally has a composition of 45 to 55 wt % SiO2, 2 to 6 wt % total alkalis, 0.5 to 2.0 wt % TiO2, 5 to 14 wt % FeO and 14 wt % or more Al2O3. Contents of CaO are commonly near 10 wt %, those of MgO commonly in the range 5 to 12 wt %.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt
marine bulk water
2010-03-16T12:12:30Z
ENVO
ENVO:00002149
ENVO:01000055
ENVO:01000061
ENVO:01000295
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
true
estuarine bulk water
2010-03-16T12:12:30Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000056
ENVO:01000301
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
true
marine algal bloom
2010-03-16T12:12:30Z
A marine algal bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in a marine system. Typically, only one or a small number of phytoplankton species are involved. Although there is no officially recognized threshold level, algae can be considered to be blooming at concentrations of hundreds to thousands of cells per milliliter, depending on the severity.
ENVO
ENVO:01000057
EcoLexicon:red_tide
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
red tide
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_tide
red tide
A marine algal bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in a marine system. Typically, only one or a small number of phytoplankton species are involved. Although there is no officially recognized threshold level, algae can be considered to be blooming at concentrations of hundreds to thousands of cells per milliliter, depending on the severity.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algal_bloom
kelp forest
2010-03-16T12:12:30Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000058
Kelp forests and beds may extend many meters above the sea floor, thus should not be considered a type of "bed".
Kelp forests are underwater areas with a high density of kelp. They are recognized as one of the most productive and dynamic ecosystems on Earth. Smaller areas of anchored kelp are called kelp beds.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
kelp bed
Kelp forests are underwater areas with a high density of kelp. They are recognized as one of the most productive and dynamic ecosystems on Earth. Smaller areas of anchored kelp are called kelp beds.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelp_Forest
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelp_forest
kelp bed
sea grass bed
2010-03-16T12:12:30Z
A bed of a marine, saline water body which is covered by one or more speices of seagrass typically belonging to the families Posidoniaceae, Zosteraceae, Hydrocharitaceae, or Cymodoceaceae.
ENVO
ENVO:01000059
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
"Seagrass beds are highly diverse and productive ecosystems, and can harbor hundreds of associated species from all phyla, for example juvenile and adult fish, epiphytic and free-living macroalgae and microalgae, mollusks, bristle worms, and nematodes. Few species were originally considered to feed directly on seagrass leaves (partly because of their low nutritional content), but scientific reviews and improved working methods have shown that seagrass herbivory is a highly important link in the food chain, with hundreds of species feeding on seagrasses worldwide, including green turtles, dugongs, manatees, fish, geese, swans, sea urchins and crabs." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seagrass 2016-01-18
seagrass bed
seagrass meadow
A bed of a marine, saline water body which is covered by one or more speices of seagrass typically belonging to the families Posidoniaceae, Zosteraceae, Hydrocharitaceae, or Cymodoceaceae.
ISBN:0195141725
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seagrass
particulate matter
Subclasses should be assigned by inference.
Particulate material is an environmental material which is composed of microscopic portions of solid or liquid material suspended in another environmental material.
marine wind mixed layer
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000061
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The upper part of the marine water column with generally uniform properties resulting from wind-driven mixing.
epipelagic mixed layer
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The upper part of the marine water column with generally uniform properties resulting from wind-driven mixing.
marine benthic storm
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
Benthic storms are strong benthic (near bottom) currents transporting sediment, created by the input of energy (largely kinetic) to the seabed. In regions with high mesoscale eddy activity, benthic storms are frequent and can create isohaline and isothermal conditions extending as much as 1000m above the seafloor.
ENVO
ENVO:01000062
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Benthic storms are strong benthic (near bottom) currents transporting sediment, created by the input of energy (largely kinetic) to the seabed. In regions with high mesoscale eddy activity, benthic storms are frequent and can create isohaline and isothermal conditions extending as much as 1000m above the seafloor.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
planktonic material
See Issue #251. Awaiting class creation in PCO to attempt logical definitions.
A portion of planktonic material is a portion of environmental material primarily composed of plankton.
marine downwelling
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
A marine downwelling describes a net current of marine surface water towards deeper regions of the water column. Marine downwellings are usually caused by differences in the density (and hence, temperature and salinity) of seawater.
ENVO
ENVO:01000064
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine downwelling describes a net current of marine surface water towards deeper regions of the water column. Marine downwellings are usually caused by differences in the density (and hence, temperature and salinity) of seawater.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine oxygen minimum zone
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000065
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine anoxic zone
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000066
Marine anoxic zones are areas of marine water that are depleted of dissolved oxygen. This condition is generally found in areas that have restricted water exchange. In most cases, oxygen is prevented from reaching the deeper levels by a physical barrier (sill) as well as by a pronounced density stratification. Anoxic conditions will occur if the rate of oxidation of organic matter by bacteria is greater than the supply of dissolved oxygen.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SWEETRealm:DeadZone
dead zone
Marine anoxic zones are areas of marine water that are depleted of dissolved oxygen. This condition is generally found in areas that have restricted water exchange. In most cases, oxygen is prevented from reaching the deeper levels by a physical barrier (sill) as well as by a pronounced density stratification. Anoxic conditions will occur if the rate of oxidation of organic matter by bacteria is greater than the supply of dissolved oxygen.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anoxic_waters
marine current
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
A marine current is a continuous, directed movement of marine water generated by the forces acting upon this mean flow, such as breaking waves, wind, Coriolis force, temperature and salinity differences and tides caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun. Depth contours, shoreline configurations and interaction with other currents influence a current's direction and strength.
ENVO
ENVO:01000067
EcoLexicon:marine_current
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine current is a continuous, directed movement of marine water generated by the forces acting upon this mean flow, such as breaking waves, wind, Coriolis force, temperature and salinity differences and tides caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun. Depth contours, shoreline configurations and interaction with other currents influence a current's direction and strength.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_current
marine streamer
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000068
Marine streamers are tongues of cold water that extend > 100 km offshore from upwelling regions. Enhanced primary productivity may occur in these waters as they are typically more nutrient rich than marine surface waters.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
ISBN:044482619X
Marine streamers are tongues of cold water that extend > 100 km offshore from upwelling regions. Enhanced primary productivity may occur in these waters as they are typically more nutrient rich than marine surface waters.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
mesoscale marine eddy
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000069
Mesoscale marine eddies are characterized by currents which flow in a roughly circular motion around the center of the eddy. The sense of rotation of these currents may either be cyclonic or anticyclonic. Ocean eddies are also usually made of water masses that are different to those outside of the eddy. Marine mesoscale eddies are between about 10 and 500 km in diameter, and persist for periods of days to months. They may be formed when an ocean current develops an instability. This instability grows, causing the current to meander, and eventually an eddy is pinched off from the meander.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
ISBN:044482619X
Mesoscale marine eddies are characterized by currents which flow in a roughly circular motion around the center of the eddy. The sense of rotation of these currents may either be cyclonic or anticyclonic. Ocean eddies are also usually made of water masses that are different to those outside of the eddy. Marine mesoscale eddies are between about 10 and 500 km in diameter, and persist for periods of days to months. They may be formed when an ocean current develops an instability. This instability grows, causing the current to meander, and eventually an eddy is pinched off from the meander.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_(fluid_dynamics)
terrigenous sediment
2010-03-17T01:14:02Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000070
EcoLexicon:terrigenous_sediment
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SWEETRealm:TerrigenousSediment
Sediment comprised of weathered continental rocks, wind blown dust, volcanic ash or other terrestrial material.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment comprised of weathered continental rocks, wind blown dust, volcanic ash or other terrestrial material.
oceanic front
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
An oceanic front is a narrow zone of enhanced horizontal gradients of water properties (temperature, salinity, nutrients, etc.) that separates broader areas with different water masses or different vertical structure (stratification).
ENVO
ENVO:01000071
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An oceanic front is a narrow zone of enhanced horizontal gradients of water properties (temperature, salinity, nutrients, etc.) that separates broader areas with different water masses or different vertical structure (stratification).
DOI:10.1016/j.pocean.2009.04.015
ISBN10::0717259463
marine Taylor column
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
A marine Taylor column is a Taylor column that is formed in a marine body of water. Currents flowing over shoaling topography such as seamounts are accelerated and destabilised, resulting in Taylor columns. Eddies and internal waves are generated downstream of the topological feature and may extend 1000 m or so above them. This may result in a localised increase in primary production where the Taylor column reaches surface waters.
ENVO
ENVO:01000072
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine Taylor column is a Taylor column that is formed in a marine body of water. Currents flowing over shoaling topography such as seamounts are accelerated and destabilised, resulting in Taylor columns. Eddies and internal waves are generated downstream of the topological feature and may extend 1000 m or so above them. This may result in a localised increase in primary production where the Taylor column reaches surface waters.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor_column
marine oligotrophic desert
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
An expanse of marine water characterised by low concentrations of nutrients such as phosphate, nitrate as well as organic matter and, hence, low primary productivity. These regions tend to have high dissolved oxygen levels due to a lack of respiration.
ENVO
ENVO:01000073
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An expanse of marine water characterised by low concentrations of nutrients such as phosphate, nitrate as well as organic matter and, hence, low primary productivity. These regions tend to have high dissolved oxygen levels due to a lack of respiration.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
oceanic gyre
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
A gyre in oceanography is any large system of rotating ocean currents, particularly those involved with large wind movements. Gyres are caused by the Coriolis Effect; planetary vorticity along with horizontal and vertical friction, which determine the circulation patterns from the wind curl (torque).
ENVO
ENVO:01000074
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SWEETRealm:OceanGyre
A gyre in oceanography is any large system of rotating ocean currents, particularly those involved with large wind movements. Gyres are caused by the Coriolis Effect; planetary vorticity along with horizontal and vertical friction, which determine the circulation patterns from the wind curl (torque).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_gyre
marine thermocline
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000075
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine thermocline describes a sharp change in the temperature of seawater (in relation to the temperature gradients of the water mass surrounding it) in the marine water column, which is usually associated with rapid changes in water density and salinity.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine thermocline describes a sharp change in the temperature of seawater (in relation to the temperature gradients of the water mass surrounding it) in the marine water column, which is usually associated with rapid changes in water density and salinity.
marine chemocline
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
A marine chemocline is a marine cline caused by a strong, vertical chemistry gradient within a body of marine water. Chemoclines most commonly occur where local conditions favor the formations of anoxic bottom water.
ENVO
ENVO:01000076
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine chemocline is a marine cline caused by a strong, vertical chemistry gradient within a body of marine water. Chemoclines most commonly occur where local conditions favor the formations of anoxic bottom water.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemocline
marine pycnocline
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000077
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine pycnocline describes a sharp change in the density of seawater (in relation to the gradients of the water mass surrounding it) in the marine water column. Pycnoclines are usually associated with thermo- and haloclines.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine pycnocline describes a sharp change in the density of seawater (in relation to the gradients of the water mass surrounding it) in the marine water column. Pycnoclines are usually associated with thermo- and haloclines.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_layer
marine nutricline
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000078
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine nutricline describes a sharp change in the nutrient content of seawater (in relation to the gradients of the water mass surrounding it) in the marine water column.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine nutricline describes a sharp change in the nutrient content of seawater (in relation to the gradients of the water mass surrounding it) in the marine water column.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_layer
marine lysocline
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000079
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine lysocline denotes the depth in the ocean below which the rate of dissolution of calcite increases dramatically. As water column depth and therefore pressure increases, the corresponding calcite saturation of seawater decreases and the calcite begins dissolve.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine lysocline denotes the depth in the ocean below which the rate of dissolution of calcite increases dramatically. As water column depth and therefore pressure increases, the corresponding calcite saturation of seawater decreases and the calcite begins dissolve.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysocline
pelagic isothermal surface
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
A roughly planar, pelagic region characterised by equal water temperature.
ENVO
ENVO:01000080
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A roughly planar, pelagic region characterised by equal water temperature.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
pelagic isohaline surface
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
A roughly planar, pelagic region characterised by equal salinity.
ENVO
ENVO:01000081
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A roughly planar, pelagic region characterised by equal salinity.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
biogenous sediment
2010-03-17T01:14:02Z
Biogenous sediment is derived from living organisms, typically planktonic organisms possessing shells, frustules or coccoliths.
ENVO
ENVO:01000082
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Biogenous sediment is derived from living organisms, typically planktonic organisms possessing shells, frustules or coccoliths.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
pelagic isopycnal surface
2010-03-16T12:16:11Z
A roughly planar, pelagic region characterised by equal water density.
ENVO
ENVO:01000083
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A roughly planar, pelagic region characterised by equal water density.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
estuarine front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000084
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
plume front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000085
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
coastal buoyancy current front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000086
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
tidal mixing front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000087
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
mid-shelf fronts
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000088
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
shelf-slope/shelf-break front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000089
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
coastal upwelling front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000090
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
topographic upwelling front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000091
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
equatorial upwelling front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000092
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
boundary current front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000093
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
subtropical convergence front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000094
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marginal ice zone front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000095
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
water mass front
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000096
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
surface convergence
2010-03-16T12:23:26Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000097
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
deep ocean current
2010-03-16T12:24:56Z
A marine current that generally occurs below the permanent thermocline (where it occurs) or below 400 m depth and that is driven by density and temperature gradients.
ENVO
ENVO:01000098
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine current that generally occurs below the permanent thermocline (where it occurs) or below 400 m depth and that is driven by density and temperature gradients.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_current
marine surface current
2010-03-16T12:24:56Z
A marine current bordered by the surface of the water column and the permanent thermocline, where it occurs. Surface currents are mostly wind driven and mostly limited to the top 400 m of the water column. Ocean currents are driven by the circulation of wind above surface waters. Frictional stress at the interface between the ocean and the wind causes the water to move in the direction of the wind. Large ocean currents are a response of the atmosphere and ocean to the flow of energy from the tropics to polar regions. In some cases, currents are transient features and affect only a small area. Other ocean currents are essentially permanent and extend over large horizontal distances.
ENVO
ENVO:01000099
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine current bordered by the surface of the water column and the permanent thermocline, where it occurs. Surface currents are mostly wind driven and mostly limited to the top 400 m of the water column. Ocean currents are driven by the circulation of wind above surface waters. Frictional stress at the interface between the ocean and the wind causes the water to move in the direction of the wind. Large ocean currents are a response of the atmosphere and ocean to the flow of energy from the tropics to polar regions. In some cases, currents are transient features and affect only a small area. Other ocean currents are essentially permanent and extend over large horizontal distances.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
URL:http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/8q.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_current
along-front current
2010-03-16T12:26:13Z
A marine surface current that flows along an oceanic front.
ENVO
ENVO:01000100
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine surface current that flows along an oceanic front.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
warm surface current
2010-03-16T12:26:13Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000101
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
cold surface current
2010-03-16T12:26:13Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000102
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
western boundary current
2010-03-16T12:26:13Z
A warm water, narrow marine surface current flowing from the equator to high latitudes at speeds between 40 and 120 kilometers per day. Western boundary currents are the deepest ocean surface flows, usually extending 1000 meters below the ocean surface.
ENVO
ENVO:01000103
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SWEETRealm:WesternBoundaryCurrent
A warm water, narrow marine surface current flowing from the equator to high latitudes at speeds between 40 and 120 kilometers per day. Western boundary currents are the deepest ocean surface flows, usually extending 1000 meters below the ocean surface.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
URL:http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/8q.html
eastern boundary current
2010-03-16T12:26:13Z
A cold water, broad marine surface current flowing from high latitudes to the equator at speeds between 3 and 7 kilometers per day.
ENVO
ENVO:01000104
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SWEETRealm:EasternBoundaryCurrent
A cold water, broad marine surface current flowing from high latitudes to the equator at speeds between 3 and 7 kilometers per day.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
URL:http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/8q.html
marine benthic feature
2010-03-16T12:27:00Z
A prominent or distinctive aspect, quality, or characteristic of environments occurring on or along marine benthic environments.
ENVO
ENVO:01000105
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A prominent or distinctive aspect, quality, or characteristic of environments occurring on or along marine benthic environments.
ISBN-10:0618455043
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
permanent marine thermocline
2010-03-16T02:31:24Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000106
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The permanent marine thermocline describes a marine thermocline found in temperate to tropical latitudes, which marks the transition between warm waters and cold deep waters. The permanent thermocline separates the marine cold-water sphere and the marine warm-water sphere
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The permanent marine thermocline describes a marine thermocline found in temperate to tropical latitudes, which marks the transition between warm waters and cold deep waters. The permanent thermocline separates the marine cold-water sphere and the marine warm-water sphere
seasonal marine thermocline
2010-03-16T02:31:24Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000107
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The seasonal marine thermocline is a marine thermocline, which generally occurs below the marine wind mixed layer.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The seasonal marine thermocline is a marine thermocline, which generally occurs below the marine wind mixed layer.
marine cold-water sphere
2010-03-16T02:39:37Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000108
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine cold-water sphere describes a water mass extending from the polar seas and across low latitudes at depths of ca. 800 to 1000 m, which is separated from the marine warm-water sphere by the permanent marine thermocline
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine cold-water sphere describes a water mass extending from the polar seas and across low latitudes at depths of ca. 800 to 1000 m, which is separated from the marine warm-water sphere by the permanent marine thermocline
marine warm-water sphere
2010-03-16T02:42:39Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000109
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine warm-water sphere describes a water mass extending to depths of ca. 800 to 1000 m in low and middle latitudes. It is separated from the marine cold-water sphere by the permanent marine thermocline
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine warm-water sphere describes a water mass extending to depths of ca. 800 to 1000 m in low and middle latitudes. It is separated from the marine cold-water sphere by the permanent marine thermocline
hydrogenous sediment
2010-03-17T01:14:02Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000110
Hydrogenous sediment is derived from solutes that precipitate out of sea water by a variety of chemical reactions. These are typically less abundant than other sediment types.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SWEETRealm:HydrogenousSediment
Hydrogenous sediment is derived from solutes that precipitate out of sea water by a variety of chemical reactions. These are typically less abundant than other sediment types.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
cosmogenous sediment
2010-03-17T01:14:02Z
Cosmogenous sediment is derived from extraterrestrial dust and debris in the form of meteorites and similar entities.
ENVO
ENVO:01000111
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Cosmogenous sediment is derived from extraterrestrial dust and debris in the form of meteorites and similar entities.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
polymetallic nodule
2010-03-17T01:14:02Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000112
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules, are rock concretions on the sea bottom formed of concentric layers of iron and manganese hydroxides around a core. Nodules vary in size from tiny particles visible only under a microscope to large pellets more than 20 centimetres (8 in) across. However, most nodules are between 5 and 10 cm in diameter.
manganese nodule
Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules, are rock concretions on the sea bottom formed of concentric layers of iron and manganese hydroxides around a core. Nodules vary in size from tiny particles visible only under a microscope to large pellets more than 20 centimetres (8 in) across. However, most nodules are between 5 and 10 cm in diameter.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese_nodule
manganese nodule
suspended sediment
2010-03-17T01:17:02Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000113
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Suspended sediment, or suspended load, is the term for the particles settle slowly enough to be carried in flowing water (such as a stream or coastal area) either without touching the bed or while only intermittently touching it. These particles are generally of the fine sand, silt and clay size, although larger particles may be carried as well depending on the intensity of the flow.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Suspended sediment, or suspended load, is the term for the particles settle slowly enough to be carried in flowing water (such as a stream or coastal area) either without touching the bed or while only intermittently touching it. These particles are generally of the fine sand, silt and clay size, although larger particles may be carried as well depending on the intensity of the flow.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspended_load
boulder sediment
2010-03-17T01:58:08Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000114
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter greater than 256 mm.
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter greater than 256 mm.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size
cobble sediment
2010-03-17T01:58:08Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000115
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 64 and 256 mm.
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 64 and 256 mm.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size
pebble sediment
2010-03-17T01:58:08Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000116
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 4 and 32 mm.
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 4 and 32 mm.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size
granular sediment
2010-03-17T01:58:08Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000117
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 2 and 4 mm.
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 2 and 4 mm.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size
sandy sediment
2010-03-17T01:58:08Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000118
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 62.5 micrometers and 2 mm.
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 62.5 micrometers and 2 mm.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size
silty sediment
2010-03-17T01:58:08Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000119
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 3.9 and 62.5 micrometers.
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 3.9 and 62.5 micrometers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size
clay sediment
2010-03-17T01:58:08Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000120
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 1 and 3.9 micrometers.
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter between 1 and 3.9 micrometers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size
colloidal sediment
2010-03-17T01:58:08Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000121
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter below 1 micrometers.
Sediment characterised by an average particle diameter below 1 micrometers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size
marine hydrothermal vent
2010-03-17T02:13:33Z
A marine hydrothermal vent is a marine benthic feature where heat generated due to tectonic activity, either at divergent plate boundaries or convergent ocean plates where back-arc spreading occurs, is released or 'vented' to the surface. The resultant high temperature water jets are laden with dissolved metals and minerals.
ENVO
ENVO:01000122
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine hydrothermal vent is a marine benthic feature where heat generated due to tectonic activity, either at divergent plate boundaries or convergent ocean plates where back-arc spreading occurs, is released or 'vented' to the surface. The resultant high temperature water jets are laden with dissolved metals and minerals.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine sponge reef biome
2010-03-17T04:43:05Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000123
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine sponge reef biome comprises marine reefs primarily built by marine sponges. The primary frame-building sponges are all members of the order Hexactinosa. They are found only in glacier-scoured troughs of low-angle continental shelf. The seafloor is stable and consists of rock, coarse gravel, and large boulders.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine sponge reef biome comprises marine reefs primarily built by marine sponges. The primary frame-building sponges are all members of the order Hexactinosa. They are found only in glacier-scoured troughs of low-angle continental shelf. The seafloor is stable and consists of rock, coarse gravel, and large boulders.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sponge_reef
marine supra-littoral zone
2010-03-17T09:01:45Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000124
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The supralittoral zone is the area above the spring high tide line that is regularly splashed, but not submerged by ocean water. Seawater penetrates these elevated areas only during storms with high tides.
marine supralittoral zone
splash zone
spray zone
supralittoral zone
supratidal zone
supralittoral zone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
supratidal zone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
splash zone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
The supralittoral zone is the area above the spring high tide line that is regularly splashed, but not submerged by ocean water. Seawater penetrates these elevated areas only during storms with high tides.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
spray zone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
marine littoral zone
2010-03-17T09:01:45Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000125
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine littoral zone is a littoral zone which extends, approximately, from the spray region above the high tide mark to the edge of the coninental shelf.
The marine littoral zone is a littoral zone which extends, approximately, from the spray region above the high tide mark to the edge of the coninental shelf.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
marine sub-littoral zone
2010-03-17T09:01:45Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000126
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine sublittoral zone is part of the marine littoral zone which is permanently covered by seawater. In physical oceanography, the sublittoral zone refers to coastal regions with significant tidal flows and energy dissipation, including non-linear flows, internal waves, river outflows and oceanic fronts. In practice, this typically extends to the edge of the continental shelf, with depths around 200 meters. In marine biology, the sublittoral refers to the areas where sunlight reaches the ocean floor, that is, where the water is never so deep as to take it out of the photic zone.
marine sublittoral zone
sublittoral zone
The marine sublittoral zone is part of the marine littoral zone which is permanently covered by seawater. In physical oceanography, the sublittoral zone refers to coastal regions with significant tidal flows and energy dissipation, including non-linear flows, internal waves, river outflows and oceanic fronts. In practice, this typically extends to the edge of the continental shelf, with depths around 200 meters. In marine biology, the sublittoral refers to the areas where sunlight reaches the ocean floor, that is, where the water is never so deep as to take it out of the photic zone.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
marine cold seep biome
2010-03-19T08:33:56Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000127
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine cold seep biome comprises regions of the marine benthic biome where seepage of methane, hydrogen sulphide, hydrocarbon rich fluids and other fluids occurs.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The marine cold seep biome comprises regions of the marine benthic biome where seepage of methane, hydrogen sulphide, hydrocarbon rich fluids and other fluids occurs.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_seep
dilution basin mediterranean sea biome
2010-03-19T09:32:59Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000128
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The dilution basin mediterranean sea biome comprises expressions of the mediterranean sea biome with lower salinity than the surrounding ocean due to freshwater gains such as rainfall and rivers. Water exchange consists of outflow of the fresher mediterranean water in the upper layer and inflow of the saltier oceanic water in the lower layer of the channel. Renewal of deep water may not be sufficient to supply oxygen to the bottom.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The dilution basin mediterranean sea biome comprises expressions of the mediterranean sea biome with lower salinity than the surrounding ocean due to freshwater gains such as rainfall and rivers. Water exchange consists of outflow of the fresher mediterranean water in the upper layer and inflow of the saltier oceanic water in the lower layer of the channel. Renewal of deep water may not be sufficient to supply oxygen to the bottom.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediterranean_sea
marine hydrothermal vent chimney
2010-03-20T06:23:38Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000129
marine hydrothermal plume
2010-03-20T06:23:38Z
A marine hydrothermal vent plume, part of a marine hydrothermal vent, is a high temperature water jet laden with dissolved metals and minerals that is driven by heat generated due to tectonic activity below the vent.
ENVO
ENVO:01000130
A marine hydrothermal vent plume, part of a marine hydrothermal vent, is a high temperature water jet laden with dissolved metals and minerals that is driven by heat generated due to tectonic activity below the vent.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
mesophilic sediment
2010-03-20T07:15:20Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000131
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by a temperature of 15-45 degrees Celsius and high-to-low oxygenation. Often impacted by hydrothermal fluid flows.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by a temperature of 15-45 degrees Celsius and high-to-low oxygenation. Often impacted by hydrothermal fluid flows.
thermophilic sediment
2010-03-20T07:18:16Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000132
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by a temperature of 45-75 degrees Celsius and low to no oxygen content. Often impacted by hydrothermal fluid flows.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by a temperature of 45-75 degrees Celsius and low to no oxygen content. Often impacted by hydrothermal fluid flows.
hyperthermophilic sediment
2010-03-20T07:18:16Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000133
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by a temperature of 80-125 degrees Celsius and no oxygen content. Often impacted by hydrothermal fluid flows.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment characterised by a temperature of 80-125 degrees Celsius and no oxygen content. Often impacted by hydrothermal fluid flows.
hydrothermal fluid
2010-03-20T08:19:19Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000134
High temperature water ejected from hydrothermal vents and laden with dissolved metals and minerals as a result of percolation through crustal rocks.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
High temperature water ejected from hydrothermal vents and laden with dissolved metals and minerals as a result of percolation through crustal rocks.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
nitrate-reducing sediment
2010-03-20T08:33:33Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000135
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment hosting and characterised by active nitrate reducing microbial communities.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment hosting and characterised by active nitrate reducing microbial communities.
drop stone
2010-03-20T06:25:06Z
An isolated fragment of rock, which fell vertically through the water column into finer-grained water-deposited sedimentary rocks. Drop stones range in size from small pebbles to boulders.
Dropstone
ENVO
ENVO:01000136
An isolated fragment of rock, which fell vertically through the water column into finer-grained water-deposited sedimentary rocks. Drop stones range in size from small pebbles to boulders.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dropstone
Dropstone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dropstone
organic matter fall
2010-03-20T06:25:30Z
An accumulation of organic matter that has fallen to the bottom of a body of water.
ENVO
ENVO:01000137
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An accumulation of organic matter that has fallen to the bottom of a body of water.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
plant matter fall
2010-03-20T06:26:07Z
A accumulation of plant matter that has fallen to the bottom of a body of water.
ENVO
ENVO:01000138
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A accumulation of plant matter that has fallen to the bottom of a body of water.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
animal carcass fall
2010-03-20T06:26:07Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000139
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The carcass of an animal that has fallen to the bottom of a body of water.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The carcass of an animal that has fallen to the bottom of a body of water.
whale fall
2010-03-20T06:26:13Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000140
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Whale fall is the term used for a whale carcass that has fallen to the ocean floor. When a whale dies in shallow water, its carcass is typically devoured by scavengers over a relatively short period of time: within several months. However, in deeper water (depths of 2,000 m/6,600 ft or greater), fewer scavenger species exist, and the carcass can provide sustenance for a complex localized ecosystem over periods of decades.
Whale fall is the term used for a whale carcass that has fallen to the ocean floor. When a whale dies in shallow water, its carcass is typically devoured by scavengers over a relatively short period of time: within several months. However, in deeper water (depths of 2,000 m/6,600 ft or greater), fewer scavenger species exist, and the carcass can provide sustenance for a complex localized ecosystem over periods of decades.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale_fall
seal fall
2010-03-20T06:26:44Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000141
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Seal fall is the term used for a seal carcass that has fallen to the ocean floor.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Seal fall is the term used for a seal carcass that has fallen to the ocean floor.
wood fall
2010-03-20T06:27:01Z
A wood fall describes an accumulation of woody plant material that has fallen to the ocean floor.
ENVO
ENVO:01000142
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A wood fall describes an accumulation of woody plant material that has fallen to the ocean floor.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine reef
2010-03-20T06:43:45Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000143
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine coral reef flat zone
2010-03-20T06:52:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000144
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine coral reef back reef
2010-03-20T06:52:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000145
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine coral reef crest
2010-03-20T06:52:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000146
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine coral reef fore reef
2010-03-20T06:52:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000147
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine coral reef buttress zone
2010-03-20T06:52:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000148
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine coral reef deep fore reef
2010-03-20T06:52:40Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000149
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine subtidal rocky reef
2010-03-20T06:55:18Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000150
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
manganese-reducing sediment
2010-03-20T08:33:33Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000151
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment hosting and characterised by active manganese reducing microbial communities.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment hosting and characterised by active manganese reducing microbial communities.
iron-reducing sediment
2010-03-20T08:33:33Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000152
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment hosting and characterised by active iron reducing microbial communities.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment hosting and characterised by active iron reducing microbial communities.
sulphate-reducing sediment
2010-03-20T08:33:33Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000153
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment hosting and characterised by active sulphate reducing microbial communities.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment hosting and characterised by active sulphate reducing microbial communities.
carbon dioxide-reducing sediment
2010-03-20T08:33:33Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000154
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment hosting and characterised by active carbon dioxide reducing microbial communities.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Sediment hosting and characterised by active carbon dioxide reducing microbial communities.
organic material
2010-03-20T08:40:04Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000155
EcoLexicon:organic_material
Environmental material derived from living organisms.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
biomass
Environmental material derived from living organisms.
ISBN-10:0618455043
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
biofilm material
2010-03-20T08:51:49Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000156
Material derived from a biofilm, an aggregate of microorganisms in which cells adhere to each other and/or to a surface. These adherent cells are frequently embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Biofilm EPS, which is also referred to as slime, is a polymeric conglomeration generally composed of extracellular DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides in various configurations.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Material derived from a biofilm, an aggregate of microorganisms in which cells adhere to each other and/or to a surface. These adherent cells are frequently embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Biofilm EPS, which is also referred to as slime, is a polymeric conglomeration generally composed of extracellular DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides in various configurations.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofilm
microbial mat material
2010-03-20T08:51:49Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000157
Material derived from a microbial mat, a multi-layered sheet of micro-organisms, mainly bacteria and archaea. Microbial mats create a wide range of internal chemical environments.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Material derived from a microbial mat, a multi-layered sheet of micro-organisms, mainly bacteria and archaea. Microbial mats create a wide range of internal chemical environments.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_mat
marine snow
2010-03-20T08:51:49Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000158
EcoLexicon:marine_snow
Marine snow is a continuous shower of mostly organic detritus falling from the upper layers of the water column. Its origin lies in activities within the productive photic zone.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Marine snow is a continuous shower of mostly organic detritus falling from the upper layers of the water column. Its origin lies in activities within the productive photic zone.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_snow
organic feature
2010-03-20T09:00:40Z
A prominent or distinctive aspect, quality, or characteristic pertaining to or derived from living organisms.
ENVO
ENVO:01000159
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A prominent or distinctive aspect, quality, or characteristic pertaining to or derived from living organisms.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marine pockmark
2010-03-20T09:14:38Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000160
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Pockmarks are craters in the seabed resulting from the release of gas or liquid. Generally, they are formed in soft, fine-grained seabed sediments by the escape of fluids (gas or water, but mainly methane) into the water column.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Pockmarks are craters in the seabed resulting from the release of gas or liquid. Generally, they are formed in soft, fine-grained seabed sediments by the escape of fluids (gas or water, but mainly methane) into the water column.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pockmark
marine sponge reef
2010-03-20T09:18:54Z
A marine sponge reef is marine reefs primarily built by marine sponges. The primary frame-building sponges are all members of the order Hexactinosa. They are found only in glacier-scoured troughs of low-angle continental shelf. The seafloor is stable and consists of rock, coarse gravel, and large boulders.
ENVO
ENVO:01000161
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A marine sponge reef is marine reefs primarily built by marine sponges. The primary frame-building sponges are all members of the order Hexactinosa. They are found only in glacier-scoured troughs of low-angle continental shelf. The seafloor is stable and consists of rock, coarse gravel, and large boulders.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sponge_reef
organ
2010-03-20T09:21:27Z
A collection of tissues joined in structural unit to serve a common function.
ENVO
ENVO:01000162
LTER:395
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A collection of tissues joined in structural unit to serve a common function.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ
photophore
2010-03-20T09:23:50Z
A photophore is a light-emitting organ which appears as luminous spots on various marine animals, including fish and cephalopods. The organ can be simple, or as complex as the human eye; equipped with lenses, shutters, color filters and reflectors. The light can be produced from compounds during the digestion of prey, from specialized mitochondrial cells in the organism, called photocytes ("light producing" cells) , or, similarly, associated with symbiotic bacteria in the organism.
ENVO
ENVO:01000163
EcoLexicon:photophore
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A photophore is a light-emitting organ which appears as luminous spots on various marine animals, including fish and cephalopods. The organ can be simple, or as complex as the human eye; equipped with lenses, shutters, color filters and reflectors. The light can be produced from compounds during the digestion of prey, from specialized mitochondrial cells in the organism, called photocytes ("light producing" cells) , or, similarly, associated with symbiotic bacteria in the organism.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photophore
root nodule
2010-03-20T09:23:50Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000164
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Root nodules occur on the roots of plants that associate with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
Root nodules occur on the roots of plants that associate with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_nodule
trophosome
2010-03-20T09:23:50Z
A specialised organ found in deep-sea tube worms populating hydrothermal vent environments that is colonised by chemosynthetic bacteria which supply the host worm with organic compounds. The term may be applied to similar organs in other worms.
ENVO
ENVO:01000165
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A specialised organ found in deep-sea tube worms populating hydrothermal vent environments that is colonised by chemosynthetic bacteria which supply the host worm with organic compounds. The term may be applied to similar organs in other worms.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_tube_worm
mycetome
2010-03-20T09:23:50Z
A specialized organ that is linked to the gut in beetles and host to a symbiotic yeast. The yeast cells assist in the digestion of less nutritious foods, supply needed B-vitamins and sterols, and provide resistance to certain toxins.
ENVO
ENVO:01000166
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A specialized organ that is linked to the gut in beetles and host to a symbiotic yeast. The yeast cells assist in the digestion of less nutritious foods, supply needed B-vitamins and sterols, and provide resistance to certain toxins.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasioderma_serricorne
determinate root nodule
2010-03-20T09:34:55Z
Determinate nodules are root nodules found on tropical (sub)legumes, such as those of the genera Glycine (soybean), Phaseolus (common bean), Lotus, and Vigna. Determinate nodules lose meristematic activity shortly after initiation, thus growth is due to cell expansion resulting in mature nodules which are spherical in shape.
ENVO
ENVO:01000167
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Determinate nodules are root nodules found on tropical (sub)legumes, such as those of the genera Glycine (soybean), Phaseolus (common bean), Lotus, and Vigna. Determinate nodules lose meristematic activity shortly after initiation, thus growth is due to cell expansion resulting in mature nodules which are spherical in shape.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_nodule
indeterminate root nodule
2010-03-20T09:34:55Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000168
Indeterminate nodules are found on temperate legumes like Pisum (pea), Medicago (alfalfa), Trifolium (clover), and Vicia (vetch). They earned the moniker "indeterminate" because they maintain an active apical meristem that produces new cells for growth over the life of the nodule. Because they are actively growing, indeterminate nodules manifest zones which demarcate different stages of development/symbiosis.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Indeterminate nodules are found on temperate legumes like Pisum (pea), Medicago (alfalfa), Trifolium (clover), and Vicia (vetch). They earned the moniker "indeterminate" because they maintain an active apical meristem that produces new cells for growth over the life of the nodule. Because they are actively growing, indeterminate nodules manifest zones which demarcate different stages of development/symbiosis.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_nodule
indeterminate root nodule active meristem
2010-03-20T09:38:56Z
A part of an indeterminate root nodule where new nodule tissue is formed which will later differentiate into the other zones of the nodule.
ENVO
ENVO:01000169
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A part of an indeterminate root nodule where new nodule tissue is formed which will later differentiate into the other zones of the nodule.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_nodule
indeterminate root nodule infection zone
2010-03-20T09:38:56Z
A part of an indeterminate root nodule permeated with infection threads full of bacteria. The plant cells are larger than in the previous zone and cell division is halted.
ENVO
ENVO:01000170
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A part of an indeterminate root nodule permeated with infection threads full of bacteria. The plant cells are larger than in the previous zone and cell division is halted.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_nodule
indeterminate root nodule nitrogen fixation zone
2010-03-20T09:38:56Z
A part of an indeterminate root nodule where each cell contains a large, central vacuole and the cytoplasm is filled with fully differentiated bacteroids which are actively fixing nitrogen. Typically, the plant provides these cells with leghemoglobin, resulting in a distinct pink color.
ENVO
ENVO:01000171
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A part of an indeterminate root nodule where each cell contains a large, central vacuole and the cytoplasm is filled with fully differentiated bacteroids which are actively fixing nitrogen. Typically, the plant provides these cells with leghemoglobin, resulting in a distinct pink color.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_nodule
indeterminate root nodule senescent zone
2010-03-20T09:38:56Z
A part of an indeterminate root nodule where plant cells and their bacteroid contents are being degraded. The breakdown of the heme component of leghemoglobin results in a visible greening at the base of the nodule.
ENVO
ENVO:01000172
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A part of an indeterminate root nodule where plant cells and their bacteroid contents are being degraded. The breakdown of the heme component of leghemoglobin results in a visible greening at the base of the nodule.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_nodule
anoxic water
2010-03-21T06:05:53Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000173
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Water depleted of dissolved oxygen.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Water depleted of dissolved oxygen.
forest biome
2013-04-07T14:26:46Z
A forest biome is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its entire spatial extent, densely packed vegetation which strongly limits light penetration to the forest floor.
ENVO
ENVO:01000174
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
SPIRE:Forest
LTER:212
woodland biome
2013-04-07T14:26:46Z
A woodland biome is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its entire spatial extent, woody plants spaced sufficiently far apart to allow light penetration to support communities of herbaceous plants or shrubs living closer to the woodland floor.
ENVO
ENVO:01000175
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
shrubland biome
2013-04-07T14:26:46Z
A shrubland biome is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its entire spatial extent, dense groups of shrubs.
ENVO
ENVO:01000176
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
grassland biome
2013-04-07T14:26:46Z
A grassland biome is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its entire spatial extent, an unbroken layer of grasses (Gramineae), sedges (Cyperaceae) or rushes (Juncaceae).
ENVO
ENVO:01000177
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SPIRE:Savannah_or_grassland
savanna biome
2013-04-07T14:26:46Z
A savanna biome is a woodland biome which has seasonal water availability and includes, across its entire spatial extent, trees spaced sufficiently far apart to allow an unbroken layer of grass, sedge (Cyperaceae) or rush (Juncaceae) communities to live.
ENVO
ENVO:01000178
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition
SPIRE:Savannah_or_grassland
desert biome
2013-04-07T14:26:46Z
A desert biome is a terrestrial biome which loses more liquid water by evapotranspiration than is supplied by precipitation and includes communities adapted to these conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:01000179
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
SPIRE:Desert_or_dune
wwfBiome
tundra biome
2013-04-07T14:26:46Z
A tundra is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its spatial extent, only low-growing vegetation such as dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens. Tundra biomes rarely have monthly average temperatures above 10 degrees Celsius and have low evapotranspiration ratios.
ENVO
ENVO:01000180
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
SPIRE:Tundra
wwfBiome
mangrove biome
2013-04-07T14:26:46Z
A mangrove biome is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its spatial extent, mangrove plants (Rhizophoraceae). Mangrove plants are able to withstand high levels of salinity as well as regions of anoxia and frequent tidal inundation. Mangrove biomes often occur near tropical and sub-tropical estuaries and depositional marine coastal environments where fine sediments (often with high organic content) collect in areas protected from high energy wave action.
ENVO
ENVO:01000181
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. Depending on whether mangrove trees or shrubs are present, this class could be a child of shrubland biome or woodland biome. Consider creating the appropriate classes.
LTER:322
wwfBiome
A mangrove biome is a terrestrial biome which includes, across its spatial extent, mangrove plants (Rhizophoraceae). Mangrove plants are able to withstand high levels of salinity as well as regions of anoxia and frequent tidal inundation. Mangrove biomes often occur near tropical and sub-tropical estuaries and depositional marine coastal environments where fine sediments (often with high organic content) collect in areas protected from high energy wave action.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove
temperate desert biome
2013-04-07T14:28:08Z
A temperate desert biome is a desert biome which has communities adapted to intermediate insolation, low rainfall, and large temperature variations between winter and summer. Winter temperatures may fall below 0 degrees Celsius. Some precipitation in this biome may fall as snow.
ENVO
ENVO:01000182
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
A temperate desert biome is a desert biome which has communities adapted to intermediate insolation, low rainfall, and large temperature variations between winter and summer. Winter temperatures may fall below 0 degrees Celsius. Some precipitation in this biome may fall as snow.
WWW:http://www.fs.fed.us/land/ecosysmgmt/colorimagemap/images/340.html
tropical desert biome
2013-04-07T14:28:08Z
A tropical desert biome is a desert biome which has communities adapted to temperatures above a monthly average of 18 degrees Celsius, high daily temperature ranges of approximately 20 degrees Celsius, very high insolation due to inhibited cloud formation, and very low precipitation. Tropical desert biomes located near coasts with cold upwellings may have cooler temperatures and reduced insolution due to fog.
ENVO
ENVO:01000183
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
A tropical desert biome is a desert biome which has communities adapted to temperatures above a monthly average of 18 degrees Celsius, high daily temperature ranges of approximately 20 degrees Celsius, very high insolation due to inhibited cloud formation, and very low precipitation. Tropical desert biomes located near coasts with cold upwellings may have cooler temperatures and reduced insolution due to fog.
WWW:http://www.earthonlinemedia.com/ebooks/tpe_3e/title_page.html
subtropical desert biome
2013-04-07T14:28:08Z
A subtropical desert biome is a desert biome which has communities adapted to temperatures above a monthly average of 18 degrees Celsius, high daily temperature ranges of approximately 20 degrees Celsius, high insolation (but lower than that of a tropical desert biome), inhibited cloud formation, and very low precipitation. Subtropical desert biomes located near coasts with cold upwellings may have cooler temperatures and reduced insolution due to fog.
ENVO
ENVO:01000184
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
A subtropical desert biome is a desert biome which has communities adapted to temperatures above a monthly average of 18 degrees Celsius, high daily temperature ranges of approximately 20 degrees Celsius, high insolation (but lower than that of a tropical desert biome), inhibited cloud formation, and very low precipitation. Subtropical desert biomes located near coasts with cold upwellings may have cooler temperatures and reduced insolution due to fog.
WWW:http://www.earthonlinemedia.com/ebooks/tpe_3e/title_page.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropical#Semi-desert.2Fdesert_climate
montane desert biome
2013-04-07T14:28:08Z
A montane desert biome is a desert biome which occurs in regions elevated above sea level and which has community structure determined by elevation-dependent environmental conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:01000185
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
polar desert biome
2013-04-07T14:28:08Z
A polar desert biome is a desert biome which is subject to low levels of insolation, annual precipitation less than 250 millimeters, and a mean temperature less than 10 degrees Celsius during its warmest month. Temperature changes in polar deserts frequently cross the freezing point of water.
ENVO
ENVO:01000186
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
A polar desert biome is a desert biome which is subject to low levels of insolation, annual precipitation less than 250 millimeters, and a mean temperature less than 10 degrees Celsius during its warmest month. Temperature changes in polar deserts frequently cross the freezing point of water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_desert
subtropical savanna biome
2013-04-07T14:28:51Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000187
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
tropical savanna biome
2013-04-07T14:28:51Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000188
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
temperate savanna biome
2013-04-07T14:28:51Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000189
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
prairie biome
flooded savanna biome
2013-04-07T14:28:51Z
A flooded savanna biome is a savanna biome which has very wet to saturated soil moisture content.
ENVO
ENVO:01000190
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
marsh
swamp
wwfBiome
A flooded savanna biome is a savanna biome which has very wet to saturated soil moisture content.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flooded_grasslands_and_savannas
subtropical grassland biome
2013-04-07T14:29:48Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000191
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
tropical grassland biome
2013-04-07T14:29:48Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000192
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
temperate grassland biome
2013-04-07T14:29:48Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000193
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
prairie biome
montane grassland biome
2013-04-07T14:29:48Z
A montane grassland biome is a grassland biome which occurs in regions elevated above sea level and which has community structure determined by elevation-dependent environmental conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:01000194
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
wwfBiome
flooded grassland biome
2013-04-07T14:29:48Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000195
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
wwfBiome
coniferous forest biome
2013-04-07T14:31:01Z
A coniferous forest biome is a forest biome which contains densely packed populations or communities of coniferous trees, strongly limiting light penetration to the forest floor.
ENVO
ENVO:01000196
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
broadleaf forest biome
2013-04-07T14:31:01Z
A broadleaf forest biome is a forest biome which contains densely packed populations or communities of broadleaf trees, strongly limiting light penetration to the forest floor.
ENVO
ENVO:01000197
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
mixed forest biome
2013-04-07T14:31:01Z
A mixed forest biome is a forest biome which contains densely packed populations or communities of broadleaf and coniferous trees, strongly limiting light penetration to the forest floor.
ENVO
ENVO:01000198
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
mediterranean forest biome
2013-04-07T14:31:01Z
A mediterranean forest biome is a forest biome which includes communities adapted to hot to warm, dry summers, mild to cold, rainy winters, and the influence of large, usually marine, bodies of water.
ENVO
ENVO:01000199
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
tropical broadleaf forest biome
2013-04-07T14:32:28Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000200
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
subtropical broadleaf forest biome
2013-04-07T14:32:28Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000201
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
temperate broadleaf forest biome
2013-04-07T14:32:28Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000202
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
environmental condition
2013-04-07T14:35:18Z
An environmental condition is a range of a determinate quality or combination of qualities that are present in an environmental system.
ENVO
ENVO:01000203
Experimental class created in EnvO. A condition defines a restricted range of a given quality or combination of qualities. If an environment class, E, has_condition C, then all qualities listed in C are restricted to the ranges defined in C in E. This is not intended as a logical conditional.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An environmental condition is a range of a determinate quality or combination of qualities that are present in an environmental system.
DOI:10.1186/2041-1480-4-43
tropical
2013-04-07T14:36:47Z
A tropical condition is an environmental condition in which an environmental system receives high yearly solar irradiance per unit area and, on Earth, the Sun reaches a subsolar point at least once during the solar year. This results in a hot and moist year-round climate at low elevations, which have a monthly average temperature above 18 degrees Celsius.
ENVO
ENVO:01000204
EcoLexicon:the_tropics
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SPIRE:Tropical
A tropical condition is an environmental condition in which an environmental system receives high yearly solar irradiance per unit area and, on Earth, the Sun reaches a subsolar point at least once during the solar year. This results in a hot and moist year-round climate at low elevations, which have a monthly average temperature above 18 degrees Celsius.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical
subtropical
2013-04-07T14:36:47Z
A subtropical condition is an environmental condition in which an envrionmental system receives more solar irradiance than those with temperate conditions, but less than those with tropical conditions. At low elevations, this typically results in eight months of the year having average temperatures greater than or equal to 10 degrees Celsius with the coldest monthly temperature averaging between 2 and 13 degrees Celsius.
As with most other climatic zones and conditions, multiple classification schemes have somehat different definitions and criteria. To quote from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ "Several methods have been used to define the subtropical climate. In the Trewartha climate classification, a subtropical region should have at least eight months with a mean temperature of 10 °C (50.0 °F) or above. German climatologists Carl Troll and Karlheinz Paffen defined Warm temperate zones as plain and hilly lands having an average temperature of the coldest month between 2 °C (35.6 °F) and 13 °C (55.4 °F) in the Northern Hemisphere and between 6 °C (42.8 °F) and 13 °C (55.4 °F) in the Southern Hemisphere, excluding oceanic and continental climates. According to the Troll-Paffen climate classification, there generally exists one large subtropical zone named the warm-temperate subtropical zone,[4] which is subdivided into seven smaller areas.[5]
According to the E. Neef climate classification, the subtropical zone is divided into two parts: Rainy winters of the west sides and Eastern subtropical climate.[6] According to the Wilhelm Lauer & Peter Frankenberg climate classification, the subtropical zone is divided into three parts: high-continental, continental, and maritime.[7] According to the Siegmund/Frankenberg climate classification, subtropical is one of six climate zones in the world.[8]"
ENVO
ENVO:01000205
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
temperate
2013-04-07T14:36:47Z
A temperate condition is an environmental condition in which an environmental system receives less solar irradiance than those with subpolar conditions, but greater than those with subtropical conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:01000206
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SPIRE:Temperate
This class' definition is less satisfactory than the other latitudinal conditoins.
tepid
A temperate condition is an environmental condition in which an environmental system receives less solar irradiance than those with subpolar conditions, but greater than those with subtropical conditions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_climate
tepid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_climate
mediterranean
2013-04-07T14:36:47Z
A mediterranean condition is a subtropical condition in which hot dry summers and winters with moderate to high rainfall.
ENVO
ENVO:01000207
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
These regions are under the constant influence of the subtropical ridge.
A mediterranean condition is a subtropical condition in which hot dry summers and winters with moderate to high rainfall.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropics
mediterranean woodland biome
2013-04-07T15:01:04Z
A mediterranean woodland biome is a subtropical woodland biome which includes communities adapted to hot to warm, dry summers, mild to cold, rainy winters, and the influence of large, usually marine, bodies of water.
ENVO
ENVO:01000208
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
subtropical coniferous forest biome
2013-04-07T14:39:14Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000209
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
tropical coniferous forest biome
2013-04-07T14:39:14Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000210
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
temperate coniferous forest biome
2013-04-07T14:39:14Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000211
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
temperate mixed forest biome
2013-04-07T14:39:30Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000212
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
wwfBiome
subtropical shrubland biome
2013-04-07T14:40:32Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000213
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
tropical shrubland biome
2013-04-07T14:40:32Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000214
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
temperate shrubland biome
2013-04-07T14:40:32Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000215
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
prairie biome
montane shrubland biome
2013-04-07T14:40:32Z
A montane shrubland biome is a shrubland biome which occurs in regions elevated above sea level and which has community structure determined by elevation-dependent environmental conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:01000216
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
wwfBiome
mediterranean shrubland biome
2013-04-07T14:40:32Z
A mediterranean shrubland biome is a subtropical shrubland biome which includes communities adapted to hot to warm, dry summers, mild to cold, rainy winters, and the influence of large, usually marine, bodies of water.
ENVO
ENVO:01000217
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
xeric shrubland biome
2013-04-07T14:40:32Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000218
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
wwfBiome
anthropogenic terrestrial biome
2013-04-07T14:45:22Z
An anthropogenic terrestrial biome is a terrestrial biome which has community structures determined by human activity.
ENVO
ENVO:01000219
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
human biome
anthrome
An anthropogenic terrestrial biome is a terrestrial biome which has community structures determined by human activity.
http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/150128/
tropical woodland biome
2013-04-07T15:01:04Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000220
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
temperate woodland biome
2013-04-07T15:01:04Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000221
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
subtropical woodland biome
2013-04-07T15:01:04Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000222
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
montane savanna biome
2013-04-07T16:50:01Z
A montane savanna biome is a savanna biome which occurs in regions elevated above sea level and which has community structure determined by elevation-dependent environmental conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:01000223
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
mediterranean grassland biome
2013-04-19T11:42:48Z
A mediterranean grassland biome is a subtropical grassland biome which includes communities adapted to hot to warm, dry summers, mild to cold, rainy winters, and the influence of large, usually marine, bodies of water.
ENVO
ENVO:01000224
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. The semantics and definitions of "mediterranean", "subtropical", "tropical", "temperate", "polar", and similar climate types may be transferred to an "environmental condition" class once the semantics of this class have been established.
subtropical dry broadleaf forest biome
2013-04-24T12:04:53Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000225
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
wwfBiome
subtropical moist broadleaf forest biome
2013-04-24T12:04:53Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000226
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
wwfBiome
tropical dry broadleaf forest biome
2013-04-24T12:05:25Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000227
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
wwfBiome
tropical moist broadleaf forest biome
2013-04-24T12:05:25Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000228
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SPIRE:Rainforest
rainforest biome
wwfBiome
mediterranean savanna biome
2013-04-24T12:20:42Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000229
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
wwfBiome
arid
2013-04-24T13:28:18Z
An arid condition is an environmental condition in which annual precipitation is less than half of annual potential evapotranspiration.
ENVO
ENVO:01000230
EcoLexicon:aridity
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
lava
2013-05-05T16:52:47Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000231
EcoLexicon:lava
Lava is magma which has extruded beyond a planetary crust.
PLB
SWEETRealm:Lava
Some use 'lava' to refer to rock that is formed when lava cools. This is not the intended meaning of this class. See 'igneous rock' or similar.
Lava is magma which has extruded beyond a planetary crust.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava
felsic lava
2013-05-05T16:56:29Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000232
Felsic lava is lava which is high in silica (> 69 percent by weight), aluminium, potassium, sodium, and calcium, forming a polymerized liquid rich in feldspar and quartz. Felsic lava has a higher viscosity than other magma types. Felsic magmas can erupt at temperatures as low as 650 to 750 °C. Unusually hot (>950 °C) rhyolite lavas, however, may flow for distances of many tens of kilometres
PLB
silicic lava
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava
silicic lava
Felsic lava is lava which is high in silica (> 69 percent by weight), aluminium, potassium, sodium, and calcium, forming a polymerized liquid rich in feldspar and quartz. Felsic lava has a higher viscosity than other magma types. Felsic magmas can erupt at temperatures as low as 650 to 750 °C. Unusually hot (>950 °C) rhyolite lavas, however, may flow for distances of many tens of kilometres
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rock
intermediate lava
2013-05-05T16:56:29Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000233
Intermediate lava is lava which, relative to felsic lava, is lower in aluminium and silica (between 52 and 63 percent by weight), and usually somewhat richer in magnesium and iron. The temperature of intermediate lava ranges from 750 to 950 degrees Celsius, destroying polymerized bonds and promoting more fluid behaviour relative to felsic lavas and also a greater tendency to form phenocrysts. Higher iron and magnesium tends to manifest as a darker groundmass, and also occasionally amphibole or pyroxene phenocrysts.
PLB
andesitic lava
Intermediate lava is lava which, relative to felsic lava, is lower in aluminium and silica (between 52 and 63 percent by weight), and usually somewhat richer in magnesium and iron. The temperature of intermediate lava ranges from 750 to 950 degrees Celsius, destroying polymerized bonds and promoting more fluid behaviour relative to felsic lavas and also a greater tendency to form phenocrysts. Higher iron and magnesium tends to manifest as a darker groundmass, and also occasionally amphibole or pyroxene phenocrysts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediate_composition
andesitic lava
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava
mafic lava
2013-05-05T16:56:29Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000234
Mafic lava is lava which, relative to other lava types other than ultramafic lava, has a high ferromagnesian content and low aluminium and silica content, with silca making up between 45 and 52 percent of its weight. Mafic lava generally erupts at temperatures in excess of 950 degrees Celsius. The high temperature and low polymerisation in mafic lava favors low viscosity and chemical diffusion, promoting the formation of large, well-formed phenocrysts.
PLB
basaltic lava
Mafic lava is lava which, relative to other lava types other than ultramafic lava, has a high ferromagnesian content and low aluminium and silica content, with silca making up between 45 and 52 percent of its weight. Mafic lava generally erupts at temperatures in excess of 950 degrees Celsius. The high temperature and low polymerisation in mafic lava favors low viscosity and chemical diffusion, promoting the formation of large, well-formed phenocrysts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava
basaltic lava
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava
ultramafic lava
2013-05-05T16:56:29Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000235
PLB
Ultramafic lava is lava which, relative to other lava types, has very high magnesium oxide content and less than 45 percent silica by weight is thought to have erupted at temperatures of 1600 degrees Celsius. Due to its high temperature and composition, the viscosity of ultramafic lava is very low.
Ultramafic lava is lava which, relative to other lava types, has very high magnesium oxide content and less than 45 percent silica by weight is thought to have erupted at temperatures of 1600 degrees Celsius. Due to its high temperature and composition, the viscosity of ultramafic lava is very low.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rock
basalt
2013-05-05T17:07:15Z
Basalt is a volcanic rock which is formed by the rapid cooling of basaltic lava.
ENVO
ENVO:01000236
EcoLexicon:basalt
PLB
SWEETRealm:Basalt
Basalt is a volcanic rock which is formed by the rapid cooling of basaltic lava.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt
coastal scrubland
2013-05-06T09:47:07Z
A coastal scrubland is a scrubland which is part of a coast.
ENVO
ENVO:01000237
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
coastal chaparral
coastal chaparral
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_chaparral_and_woodlands
A coastal scrubland is a scrubland which is part of a coast.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_coastal_sage_and_chaparral_ecoregion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_sage_scrub
polar
2013-05-08T07:49:36Z
A polar condition is an environmental condition in which an environmental system receives low, yearly solar irradiance per unit area, resulting in colder climatic conditions. On Earth, polar conditions are such that every month has average temperature lower than 10 degrees Celsius.
ENVO
ENVO:01000238
Note that this class refers to a climatic rather than a positional condition.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SPIRE:Polar
SWEETRealm:Polarization
frigid
A polar condition is an environmental condition in which an environmental system receives low, yearly solar irradiance per unit area, resulting in colder climatic conditions. On Earth, polar conditions are such that every month has average temperature lower than 10 degrees Celsius.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_climate
frigid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_climate
oak woodland
2013-06-04T22:33:52Z
An oak woodland is a woodland which has a tree community primarily composed of oak trees.
ENVO
ENVO:01000239
PLB
An oak woodland is a woodland which has a tree community primarily composed of oak trees.
ORCID:0000-0001-8743-9574
conifer woodland
2013-06-06T14:39:17Z
A conifer woodland is a woodland which has a tree community primarily composed of coniferous trees, from the Division Pinophyta, also known as Coniferophyta or Coniferae.
ENVO
ENVO:01000240
PLB
A conifer woodland is a woodland which has a tree community primarily composed of coniferous trees, from the Division Pinophyta, also known as Coniferophyta or Coniferae.
ORCID:0000-0001-8743-9574
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conifer
juniper woodland
2013-06-06T14:44:52Z
A juniper woodland is a woodland which has a tree community primarily composed of trees of the genus Juniperus.
ENVO
ENVO:01000241
PLB
A juniper woodland is a woodland which has a tree community primarily composed of trees of the genus Juniperus.
ORCID:0000-0001-8743-9574
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juniper
desert scrubland
2013-06-06T15:02:30Z
A scrubland which is located in a desert.
ENVO
ENVO:01000242
PLB
desert scrub
A scrubland which is located in a desert.
ORCID:0000-0001-8743-9574
ORCID:0000-0001-8743-9574
desert scrub
boulder
2013-06-06T15:10:50Z
A piece of rock with a grain size above 300 millimetres in diameter. Smaller boulders are, at times, referred to as rocks or stones.
ENVO
ENVO:01000243
EcoLexicon:boulder
PLB
SWEETRealm:Boulder
A piece of rock with a grain size above 300 millimetres in diameter. Smaller boulders are, at times, referred to as rocks or stones.
ORCID:0000-0001-8743-9574
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boulder
pinyon juniper woodland
2013-06-06T15:22:52Z
A pinyon juniper woodland is a conifer woodland which has a tree community primarily composed of trees of the subsection Cembroides of the genus Pinus and the genus Juniperus.
ENVO
ENVO:01000244
PLB
A pinyon juniper woodland is a conifer woodland which has a tree community primarily composed of trees of the subsection Cembroides of the genus Pinus and the genus Juniperus.
ORCID:0000-0001-8743-9574
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juniper
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyon_pine
cropland biome
2013-06-14T11:45:47Z
A cropland biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which is primarily used for agricultural activity and which contains no village or larger human settlement.
ENVO
ENVO:01000245
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A cropland biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which is primarily used for agricultural activity and which contains no village or larger human settlement.
DOI:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00540.x
DOI:10.1890/070062
village biome
2013-06-14T11:45:47Z
A village biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which contains settlements such as villages, towns, and/or small cities and which is primarily used for agricultural activity.
ENVO
ENVO:01000246
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Villages are also described as agricultural settlements with greater than 100 persons per square kilometre; however, no upper limit is defined.
A village biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which contains settlements such as villages, towns, and/or small cities and which is primarily used for agricultural activity.
DOI:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00540.x
DOI:10.1890/070062
rangeland biome
2013-06-14T11:45:47Z
A rangeland biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which is primarily used for the rearing and grazing of livestock.
ENVO
ENVO:01000247
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A rangeland biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which is primarily used for the rearing and grazing of livestock.
DOI:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00540.x
DOI:10.1890/070062
dense settlement biome
2013-06-14T11:45:47Z
A dense settlement biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which is primarily used for human habitation, recreation, and industry within built structures with little other land use.
ENVO
ENVO:01000248
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A dense settlement biome is an anthropogenic terrestrial biome which is primarily used for human habitation, recreation, and industry within built structures with little other land use.
DOI:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00540.x
DOI:10.1890/070062
urban biome
2013-06-14T11:45:47Z
An urban biome is a dense settlement biome which has been urbanised.
ENVO
ENVO:01000249
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SPIRE:Urban
An urban biome is a dense settlement biome which has been urbanised.
DOI:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00540.x
DOI:10.1890/070062
subpolar coniferous forest biome
2013-09-04T06:41:53Z
A subpolar coniferous forest biome is a coniferous forest biome which includes communities adapted to subpolar conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:01000250
EcoLexicon:taiga
LTER:72
SPIRE:Taiga
boreal forest
taiga
wwfBiome
subpolar
2013-09-04T07:08:34Z
A subpolar condition is an environmental condition in which an environmental system receives low, yearly solar irradiance per unit area and is surrounded by large land masses. This results in very cold winters with temperatures potentially falling to around -40 degrees Celsius and summers which last no more than 3 months of the year with a 24-hour average temperature of at least 10 degrees Celsius.
ENVO
ENVO:01000251
Note that this class refers to a climatic rather than a positional condition.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
boreal
subarctic
subarctic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subarctic_climate
boreal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subarctic_climate
A subpolar condition is an environmental condition in which an environmental system receives low, yearly solar irradiance per unit area and is surrounded by large land masses. This results in very cold winters with temperatures potentially falling to around -40 degrees Celsius and summers which last no more than 3 months of the year with a 24-hour average temperature of at least 10 degrees Celsius.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subarctic_climate
freshwater lake biome
2013-09-19T11:11:01Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000252
freshwater river biome
2013-09-19T11:11:01Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000253
environmental system
2013-09-23T16:04:08Z
A system which has the disposition to environ one or more material entities.
ENVO
ENVO:01000254
EcoLexicon:environment
In ENVO's alignment with the Basic Formal Ontology, this class is being considered as a subclass of a proposed BFO class "system". The relation "environed_by" is also under development. Roughly, a system which includes a material entity (at least partially) within its site and causally influences that entity may be considered to environ it. Following the completion of this alignment, this class' definition and the definitions of its subclasses will be revised.
environment
A system which has the disposition to environ one or more material entities.
DOI:10.1186/2041-1480-4-43
mineral deposit
2013-10-05T12:23:32Z
A mineral deposit is a physiographic feature which has unusually high concentrations of one or more minerals.
ENVO
ENVO:01000255
Note that the definition of the term mineral is debatable; however, a mineral generally must be naturally occuring, stable at room temperature, representable by a chemical formula (unlike rocks, which may include a wide variety of components), are usually formed by geophysical processes (i.e. are abiogenic), and have an ordered atomic arrangement.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
ore deposit
A mineral deposit is a physiographic feature which has unusually high concentrations of one or more minerals.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
URL:http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/383726/mineral-deposit?anchor=ref624175
URL:http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/383726/mineral-deposit?anchor=ref624175
ore deposit
mineral material
2013-10-05T12:37:41Z
A mineral material is an environmental material which is primarily composed of some substance that is naturally occurring, solid and stable at room temperature, representable by a chemical formula, usually abiogenic, and that has an ordered atomic structure.
ENVO
ENVO:01000256
LTER:341
Look for "mineral" in a chemical or geochemical ontology to formalise the composed primarily of link.
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ [A mineral] is different from a rock, which can be an aggregate of minerals or non-minerals and does not have a specific chemical composition. The exact definition of a mineral is under debate, especially with respect to the requirement a valid species be abiogenic, and to a lesser extent with regards to it having an ordered atomic structure.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A mineral material is an environmental material which is primarily composed of some substance that is naturally occurring, solid and stable at room temperature, representable by a chemical formula, usually abiogenic, and that has an ordered atomic structure.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral
white smoker
2013-10-06T19:57:22Z
A hydrothermal vent found on the ocean floor which emits lighter-hued minerals, such as those containing barium, calcium and silicon. These alkaline hydrothermal vents also continuously generate acetyl thioesters, providing both the starting point for more complex organic molecules and the energy needed to produce them.
ENVO
ENVO:01000257
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A hydrothermal vent found on the ocean floor which emits lighter-hued minerals, such as those containing barium, calcium and silicon. These alkaline hydrothermal vents also continuously generate acetyl thioesters, providing both the starting point for more complex organic molecules and the energy needed to produce them.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_vent
cline
2013-10-06T20:10:13Z
A cline is a comparatively thin, typically horizontal layer within a fluid, in which a property of the fluid varies greatly over a relatively short vertical distance.
A similar term exists in linguistics and mathematics. An ecocline, or biological cline, is a related concept; however, may be better placed as a child of a class like "ecotone". Further, some definitions of "layer" require a layer's constiuent materials to have consistent properties, thus "cline" would not qualify as a subclass. The term "gradient" has been proposed as a more suitable superclass. Discussion in Issue #286)
ENVO
ENVO:01000258
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A cline is a comparatively thin, typically horizontal layer within a fluid, in which a property of the fluid varies greatly over a relatively short vertical distance.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cline_(hydrology)
pycnocline
2013-10-06T20:16:10Z
A layer within a fluid where the density gradient changes rapidly with depth.
ENVO
ENVO:01000259
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
stable density gradient
A layer within a fluid where the density gradient changes rapidly with depth.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pycnocline
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pycnocline
stable density gradient
nutricline
2013-10-06T20:16:10Z
A layer within a water body where the nutrient content changes rapidly with depth.
ENVO
ENVO:01000260
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A layer within a water body where the nutrient content changes rapidly with depth.
CMECS:1345
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_layer
lysocline
2013-10-06T20:16:10Z
A layer within a marine water body where the rate of calcite dissolution changes rapidly with depth. The increase in the rate of calcite dissolution with depth is largely due to the concomitant fall in calcite saturation.
ENVO
ENVO:01000261
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A layer within a marine water body where the rate of calcite dissolution changes rapidly with depth. The increase in the rate of calcite dissolution with depth is largely due to the concomitant fall in calcite saturation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysocline
seep
2013-10-06T21:13:21Z
A seep is a spring in which water has filtered through permeable earth to the surface.
ENVO
ENVO:01000262
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A seep is a spring in which water has filtered through permeable earth to the surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_(hydrology)
cold seep
2013-10-06T21:16:39Z
ENVO
ENVO:00000425
ENVO:01000263
MERGED DEFINITION:
TARGET DEFINITION: A cold seep is a seep in which methane and other hydrocarbon-rich fluids rise to the sea floor.
--------------------
SOURCE DEFINITION: An area of the ocean floor where hydrogen sulfide, methane and other hydrocarbon-rich fluid seepage occurs. Cold seeps are distinct from hydrothermal vents: the former's emissions are of the same temperature as the surrounding seawater, whereas the latter's emissions are super-heated.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
hydrocarbon seep
methane seep
MERGED DEFINITION:
TARGET DEFINITION: A cold seep is a seep in which methane and other hydrocarbon-rich fluids rise to the sea floor.
--------------------
SOURCE DEFINITION: An area of the ocean floor where hydrogen sulfide, methane and other hydrocarbon-rich fluid seepage occurs. Cold seeps are distinct from hydrothermal vents: the former's emissions are of the same temperature as the surrounding seawater, whereas the latter's emissions are super-heated.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_seep
obsolete vapour
2013-10-10T07:55:56Z
A vapour is an environmental material in the gas phase at a temperature lower than its critical point.
ENVO
ENVO:01000264
true
vapor
Obsoleted. Not really a material. Use PATO's "quality of a gas" on a material to express vapour forms.
A vapour is an environmental material in the gas phase at a temperature lower than its critical point.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor
hydrothermal seep
2013-10-06T21:19:00Z
A hydrothermal seep is a seep in which diffuse flow of geothermally heated fluids with high methane concentrations. This seep has been proposed as an intermediate between cold seeps and hydrothermal vents.
ENVO
ENVO:01000265
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
hot seep
A hydrothermal seep is a seep in which diffuse flow of geothermally heated fluids with high methane concentrations. This seep has been proposed as an intermediate between cold seeps and hydrothermal vents.
DOI:10.1098/rspb.2012.0205
water vapour
2013-10-10T07:58:18Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000266
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Perhaps a better relation between water vapour and water can be found in or added to RO?
Water vapour is a vapour which is the gas phase of water.
aqueous vapor
aqueous vapour
water vapor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor
water vapor
aqueous vapour
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor
aqueous vapor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor
Water vapour is a vapour which is the gas phase of water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor
atmosphere
2013-10-10T08:14:50Z
An atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding a material body of sufficient mass that is held in place by the gravity of the body.
ENVO
ENVO:01000267
LTER:48
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding a material body of sufficient mass that is held in place by the gravity of the body.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_geography
atmospheric water vapour
2013-10-10T08:22:07Z
Atmospheric water vapour is water vapour that is part of an atmosphere.
ENVO
ENVO:01000268
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
atmospheric water vapor
atmospheric water vapor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor
Atmospheric water vapour is water vapour that is part of an atmosphere.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor
siltstone
2013-10-12T14:51:19Z
A sedimentary rock which is composed mainly of silt. This rock has a grainsize in the silt range, finer than sandstone and coarser than claystones.
ENVO
ENVO:01000269
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A sedimentary rock which is composed mainly of silt. This rock has a grainsize in the silt range, finer than sandstone and coarser than claystones.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siltstone
claystone
2013-10-12T14:51:19Z
A clastic sedimentary rock which is composed primarily of clay sized particles.
ENVO
ENVO:01000270
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A clastic sedimentary rock which is composed primarily of clay sized particles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claystone
clastic sedimentary rock
2013-10-12T14:51:19Z
Clastic sedimentary rocks are sedimentary rocks that are composed of silicate minerals and rock fragments that were transported by moving fluids. Clastic rocks are composed largely of quartz, feldspar, rock (lithic) fragments, clay minerals, and mica; numerous other minerals may be present as accessories and may be important locally.
ENVO
ENVO:01000271
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Clastic sedimentary rocks are sedimentary rocks that are composed of silicate minerals and rock fragments that were transported by moving fluids. Clastic rocks are composed largely of quartz, feldspar, rock (lithic) fragments, clay minerals, and mica; numerous other minerals may be present as accessories and may be important locally.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rock#Clastic_sedimentary_rocks
mudstone
2013-10-12T14:51:19Z
A mudstone is a clastic sedimentary rock which contains a mixture of at least one third of silt- and one third of clay-sized particles.
ENVO
ENVO:01000272
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
There is debate on the usage of mudstone and mudrock, and some ambiguity is to be expected. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ The terminology of "mudstone" is not to be confused with the Dunham classification scheme for limestones. In Dunham's classification, a mudstone is any limestone containing less than ten percent carbonate grains. Note, a siliciclastic mudstone does not deal with carbonate grains. Friedman, Sanders, and Kopaska-Merkel (1992) suggest the use of "lime mudstone" to avoid confusion with siliciclastic rocks.
A mudstone is a clastic sedimentary rock which contains a mixture of at least one third of silt- and one third of clay-sized particles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudrock#Nomenclature
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudstone
lime mudstone
2013-10-12T14:51:19Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000273
Lime mudstone is a limestone which is primarily composed of either clay-size or both silt-size and clay-size detrital (transported) carbonate grains.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
calcilutite
cementstone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ The terminology of "mudstone" is not to be confused with the Dunham classification scheme for limestones. In Dunham's classification, a mudstone is any limestone containing less than ten percent carbonate grains. Note, a siliciclastic mudstone does not deal with carbonate grains. Friedman, Sanders, and Kopaska-Merkel (1992) suggest the use of "lime mudstone" to avoid confusion with siliciclastic rocks.
cementstone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcilutite
Lime mudstone is a limestone which is primarily composed of either clay-size or both silt-size and clay-size detrital (transported) carbonate grains.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcilutite
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudstone
calcilutite
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcilutite
slate
2013-10-12T14:51:19Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000274
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Slate is a metamorphic rock which is fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous, Slates are derived from clastic sedimentary rocks.
Slate is a metamorphic rock which is fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous, Slates are derived from clastic sedimentary rocks.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate
structural basin
2013-10-12T16:30:32Z
A structural basin is a geological depression formed by tectonic warping of previously flat lying rock strata.
ENVO
ENVO:01000275
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A structural basin is a geological depression formed by tectonic warping of previously flat lying rock strata.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_basin
ecoregion
2013-10-12T17:21:09Z
A large unit of land or water containing a geographically distinct assemblage of species, natural communities, and environmental conditions.
ENVO
ENVO:01000276
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Unlike biomes, ecoregions are geographically defined entities. ENVO's sister project, GAZ, contains terms for instances of ecoregions (e.g. Beringia lowland tundra). Requests for new terms should be directed to GAZ. ENVO will only contain this top-level class. The class' definition is preliminary and will be aligned to BFO.
A large unit of land or water containing a geographically distinct assemblage of species, natural communities, and environmental conditions.
DOI:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2
URL:http://worldwildlife.org/biomes
water ice
2013-10-13T12:01:28Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000277
Ice is water frozen into a solid state. It can appear transparent or opaque bluish-white color, depending on the presence of impurities or air inclusions. The addition of other materials such as soil may further alter its appearance.
LTER:262
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
ice
Ice is water frozen into a solid state. It can appear transparent or opaque bluish-white color, depending on the presence of impurities or air inclusions. The addition of other materials such as soil may further alter its appearance.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice
ice
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/4131
pingo scar
2013-10-13T12:15:55Z
A depression caused by the collapse of a pingo.
ENVO
ENVO:01000278
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A depression caused by the collapse of a pingo.
DOI:10.1016/0033-5894(76)90039-9
ice lens
2013-10-13T12:20:34Z
A mass which is formed when moisture, diffused within soil or rock, accumulates and freezes in a localized zone, wedging soil or rock apart.
ENVO
ENVO:01000279
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
ice lenses
ice lenses
A mass which is formed when moisture, diffused within soil or rock, accumulates and freezes in a localized zone, wedging soil or rock apart.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_Lens
ecozone
2013-10-13T18:32:46Z
ENVO
ENVO contains this top-level class, but all instances will be in GAZ. The definition is preliminary and will be aligned to BFO.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Ecozones correspond to the floristic kingdoms of botany or zoogeographic regions of zoology. Ecozones are characterized by the evolutionary history of the organisms they contain. They are distinct from biomes, also known as major habitat types, which are divisions of the Earth's surface based on life form, or the adaptation of plants and animals to climatic, soil, and other conditions. Biomes are characterized by similar climax vegetation. Each ecozone may include a number of different biomes. A tropical moist broadleaf forest in Central America, for example, may be similar to one in New Guinea in its vegetation type and structure, climate, soils, etc., but these forests are inhabited by plants and animals with very different evolutionary histories.
ENVO:01000280
Ecozones delineate large areas of the Earth's surface within which organisms have been evolving in relative isolation over long periods of time, separated from one another by geographic features, such as oceans, broad deserts, or high mountain ranges, that constitute barriers to migration.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Ecozones delineate large areas of the Earth's surface within which organisms have been evolving in relative isolation over long periods of time, separated from one another by geographic features, such as oceans, broad deserts, or high mountain ranges, that constitute barriers to migration.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ecozone
layer
2013-10-15T16:42:02Z
A layer is a quantity of some material which has comparable thickness and usually covers some surface.
ENVO
ENVO:01000281
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
A layer is a quantity of some material which has comparable thickness and usually covers some surface.
Wiktionary:layer
sedimentary stratum
2013-10-15T16:49:04Z
A stratum is a layer which is composed of sedimentary rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics that distinguish it from other layers.
ENVO
ENVO:01000282
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition. Concepts such as "characteristic" may be problematic.
stratum
A stratum is a layer which is composed of sedimentary rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics that distinguish it from other layers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratum
lake layer
2013-10-15T16:57:43Z
A layer which is part of a lake.
ENVO
ENVO:01000283
Note that this class does not contain metalimnion as a subclass. The metaliminon is classified as a thermocline.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
amictic lake
2013-10-15T17:08:47Z
A lake which is permanently covered by ice, does not mix, and exhibit inverse cold water stratification whereby water temperature increases with depth below the ice surface.
ENVO
ENVO:01000284
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A lake which is permanently covered by ice, does not mix, and exhibit inverse cold water stratification whereby water temperature increases with depth below the ice surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amictic_lake
holomictic lake
2013-10-15T17:08:47Z
A holomictic lake is a lake which mixes at least once per year. Mixing is caused by a uniform temperature distribution from the upper to lower layers of the lake.
ENVO
ENVO:01000285
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
non-meromictic lake
A holomictic lake is a lake which mixes at least once per year. Mixing is caused by a uniform temperature distribution from the upper to lower layers of the lake.
DOI:10.1139/f83-207
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holomictic
DOI:10.1139/f83-207
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holomictic
non-meromictic lake
dimictic lake
2013-10-15T17:08:47Z
A dimitic lake is a holomictic lake which mixes from top to bottom during two mixing periods each year. Mixing typically occurs during the spring and autumn, when the lake is "isothermal" (i.e., at the same temperature from the top to the bottom). At this time the water throughout the lake is about 4°C, and, in the absence of any temperature or density differences, the lake readily mixes from top to bottom. These lakes are common in regions with temperate climates.
ENVO
ENVO:01000286
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A dimitic lake is a holomictic lake which mixes from top to bottom during two mixing periods each year. Mixing typically occurs during the spring and autumn, when the lake is "isothermal" (i.e., at the same temperature from the top to the bottom). At this time the water throughout the lake is about 4°C, and, in the absence of any temperature or density differences, the lake readily mixes from top to bottom. These lakes are common in regions with temperate climates.
DOI:10.1139/f83-207
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimictic_lake
polymictic lake
2013-10-15T17:08:47Z
A polymictic lake is a holomictic lake which is too shallow to allow thermal stratification and which can mix from top to bottom through the ice-free period of the year.
ENVO
ENVO:01000287
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A polymictic lake is a holomictic lake which is too shallow to allow thermal stratification and which can mix from top to bottom through the ice-free period of the year.
DOI:10.1139/f83-207
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymictic
monomictic lake
2013-10-15T17:08:47Z
A monomictic lake is a holomictic lake which mixes from top to bottom during one mixing period each year.
ENVO
ENVO:01000288
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A monomictic lake is a holomictic lake which mixes from top to bottom during one mixing period each year.
DOI:10.1139/f83-207
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monomictic
cold monomictic lake
2013-10-15T17:23:51Z
A monomictic lake which is covered by ice throughout much of the year and only mixes when its surface ice melts and the lake lacks thermal stratification.
ENVO
ENVO:01000289
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A monomictic lake which is covered by ice throughout much of the year and only mixes when its surface ice melts and the lake lacks thermal stratification.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monomictic
warm monomictic lake
2013-10-15T17:26:42Z
A monomictic lake which does not freeze and is thermally stratified throughout most of the year, only mixing in winter when cooler temperatures ease stratification.
ENVO
ENVO:01000290
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A monomictic lake which does not freeze and is thermally stratified throughout most of the year, only mixing in winter when cooler temperatures ease stratification.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monomictic
cold polymictic lake
2013-10-15T17:31:50Z
A cold polymictic lake is a polymictic lake which is covered by ice in winter.
ENVO
ENVO:01000291
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A cold polymictic lake is a polymictic lake which is covered by ice in winter.
DOI:10.1139/f83-207
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymictic
warm polymictic lake
2013-10-15T17:32:26Z
A warm polymictic lake is a polymictic lake which is not covered by ice at any point during the year.
ENVO
ENVO:01000292
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A warm polymictic lake is a polymictic lake which is not covered by ice at any point during the year.
DOI:10.1139/f83-207
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymictic
ice mass
2013-10-15T19:49:11Z
A mass of ice.
ENVO
ENVO:01000293
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Class should be populated by inference and asserted subclasses redistributed.
crevice
2013-10-16T00:42:47Z
A deep fissure in rock.
ENVO
ENVO:01000294
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
crevice
A deep fissure in rock.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture
USGS:SDTS
crevice
marine layer
2013-10-16T11:55:20Z
A layer that is part of a marine water body.
ENVO
ENVO:01000295
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A layer that is part of a marine water body.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
dry lake bed
2013-10-16T12:12:53Z
A lake bed which is dry. That is, the bed of a dry lake.
ENVO
ENVO:01000296
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
freshwater river
2013-10-16T12:56:48Z
A river where fresh water flows.
ENVO
ENVO:01000297
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Preliminary definition.
A river where fresh water flows.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
continental margin
2013-10-18T00:04:57Z
ENVO
ENVO:01000298
EcoLexicon:continental_margin
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
SWEETRealm:ContinentalMargin
The continental margin is the zone of the ocean floor that separates the thin oceanic crust from thick continental crust. Together, the continental shelf, continental slope, and continental rise are called continental margin. Continental margins constitute about 28% of the oceanic area.
The continental margin is the zone of the ocean floor that separates the thin oceanic crust from thick continental crust. Together, the continental shelf, continental slope, and continental rise are called continental margin. Continental margins constitute about 28% of the oceanic area.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_margin
Taylor column
2013-10-19T11:11:28Z
A Taylor column is a column of deflected fluid flow which is formed in a perturbed, rotating fluid, is parallel to the axis of rotation, and extends above the obstacle perturbing the fluid in a rigid manner.
ENVO
ENVO:01000299
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This is an interesting class. It's not really a column in the sense of a water column, nor is it a current, exactly. It may also occur in any fluid, gaseous or liquid.
A Taylor column is a column of deflected fluid flow which is formed in a perturbed, rotating fluid, is parallel to the axis of rotation, and extends above the obstacle perturbing the fluid in a rigid manner.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor_column
atmospheric Taylor column
2013-10-19T11:12:43Z
An atmospheric Taylor column is a Taylor column that is formed in the atmosphere. Atmospheric Taylor columns often form above islands resulting in vortex streets in the atmosphere.
ENVO
ENVO:01000300
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
vortex street
An atmospheric Taylor column is a Taylor column that is formed in the atmosphere. Atmospheric Taylor columns often form above islands resulting in vortex streets in the atmosphere.
ISBN:044482619X
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor_column
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kármán_vortex_street
vortex street
estuarine water
2013-10-19T11:30:46Z
Brackish water which is part of an estuary.
ENVO
ENVO:01000301
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Brackish water which is part of an estuary.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary
outcrop
2014-04-24T13:12:49Z
A portion of environmental material which protrudes through a surface layer.
ENVO
ENVO:01000302
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This is kept as a general class. One can specify subclasses by identifying the protruding material (e.g. rock outcroup, mineral outcrop, etc ) and the material(s) the protrusion emerges from. Possible logical definition: A portion of ENVO:environmental material which has_quality PATO:"protruding out of" a ENVO:surface layer of an ENVO:environmental material.
endolithic environment
An endolithic environment is an environment that exists within solid rock.
high pressure environment
A high pressure environment is an environment in which all material entities are exposed to a high ratio of force per unit area.
high temperature environment
A high temperature environment is an environment in which material entities are exposed to increased levels of heat radiation or which have molecules or atoms moving randomly with increased levels of average kinietic energy.
freshwater environment
fresh water environment
saline water environment
extraterrestrial environment
This would need an instance of planet (i.e. Earth) to be fully expressed. Note that this is not necessarily outer space, as it can include planetary environments that are not of Earth.
An environmental system which is located beyond the Earth's exosphere and away from the Earth's core.
cold environment
The definition of the deprecated 'cold temperature habitat' class, which this class was derived from, quotes an upper threshold of 15 degrees Celsius for 'coldness'.
A cold environment is an environment in which entities are exposed to low temperatures.
haline environment
A haline environment is an environment in which entities are exposed to high concentrations of salt, typically above 2 molar.
cultivated environment
A cultivated environment is an environment that has been modified by humans by the preparation of the land, usually for the purposes of growing crops.
CROPLAND
ENVO
EcoLexicon:agriculture
FTT:1248
FTT:54
FTT:55
FTT:56
Geonames:V.CULT
LTER:17
SPIRE:Agricultural
SWEETRealm:Range
agricultural region
cropland
cultivated area
cultivated cropland
market garden
range
truck farm
truck garden
ADL:FTT
range
Geonames:feature
cultivated area
CROPLAND
USGS:SDTS
USGS:SDTS
market garden
ADL:FTT
cultivated cropland
USGS:SDTS
truck farm
A cultivated environment is an environment that has been modified by humans by the preparation of the land, usually for the purposes of growing crops.
MA:ma
ADL:FTT
cropland
USGS:SDTS
truck garden
culturing environment
A culturing environment is an environment which is maintained by humans for the purposes of preparing cell, organ, tissue and plant tissue cultures.
ENVO
A culturing environment is an environment which is maintained by humans for the purposes of preparing cell, organ, tissue and plant tissue cultures.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_culture
anthropogenic environment
An anthropogenic environment is an environmental system which is the product of human activity.
Unsatisfactory definition here. Must consider the threshold that makes an environmental system anthropogenic.
high osmolarity environment
A high osmolarity environment is an environment in which entities are exposed to high concentrations of solutes.
acidic environment
An acidic environment is an environment in which material entities are exposed to a low pH.
alkaline environment
An alkaline environment is an environment in which entities are exposed to high pH, typically greater than a pH of 9.
aquatic environment
An aquatic environment is an environment in which most parts are surrounded by water.
extreme high temperature environment
The lower threshold, 80 degrees Celsius, is derived from the definition of the obsolete class "extreme high temperature habitat" which this class replaces.
An extreme high temperature environment is a high temperature environment in which entities are exposed to temperatures above 80 degrees Celsius.
rocky slope
A rocky slope is a slope which has a surface primarily composed of rock.
marine environment
A marine environment and enviroment which is determined by a marine water body.
ENVO
A marine environment and enviroment which is determined by a marine water body.
NM:nm
sea water environment
ocean water environment
brackish water environment
This may refer to environments submerged in brackish water or those that are determined by its presence, such as a brackish water pond environment.
An environment determined by the presence of brackish water.
atmospheric boundary layer
The atmospheric boundary layer is the lowest layer of an atmosphere which is strongly influenced by its contact with a planetary surface with strong vertical mixing and in which physical quantities such as flow velocity, temperature, and moisture display rapid fluctuations (turbulence).
planetary boundary layer
planetary surface
a useful class: this can be used to define sub-terrestrial and sub-marine
A planetary surface is a surface layer where the solid or liquid material of a planet comes into contact with atmosphere or outer space.
aquatic layer
A layer in a water mass, itself composed primarily of water.
This class will eventually be populated by inference, and its asserted subclasses removed.
deep chlorophyll maximum layer
Logical def is incomplete. Need to express the idea of maximum chlorophyll. This could follow a pattern like:
X has_maximum_levels_of Y relative_to Z, i.e. DCM has_maximum_levels_of chlorophyll relative_to subsurface_aquatic_layer
May also be useful to include has_decreased_levels_of light intensity relative_to surface aquatic layer
Further discussion in Issue #126.
A subsurface layer in a water body, typically an ocean or lake, in which chlorophyll concentrations reach their maximum.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
DCM
subsurface chlorophyll maximum layer
The DCM may or may not indicate greater abundance of photosynthetic, chlorophyll-bearing cells, as shade-adapted cells may have a greater chlorophyll to biomass ration than surface variants. Further, some DCMs may be formed by the sinking of cells from surface zones or the subduction of surface waters, rather than through biotic, community-level processess.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_chlorophyll_maximum
A subsurface layer in a water body, typically an ocean or lake, in which chlorophyll concentrations reach their maximum.
The DCM may or may not indicate greater abundance of photosynthetic, chlorophyll-bearing cells, as shade-adapted cells may have a greater chlorophyll to biomass ration than surface variants. Further, some DCMs may be formed by the sinking of cells from surface zones or the subduction of surface waters, rather than through biotic, community-level processess.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_chlorophyll_maximum
strand swamp
A strand swamp is a swamp that forms linear drainage channels on flatlands.
dome swamp
A dome swamp is a swamp which occurs in a depression where deeper waters at the centre of the swamp allow trees to grow taller relative to those in shallower regions of the depression. This creates a dome-like shape.
The logical def should be improved with the idea of a vegetation unit growing in a depression expressed.
cypress dome
cypress dome swamp
A cypress dome swamp is a dome swamp which has a plant community dominated by Cupressaceae, often swamp cypresses. Swamp cypresses typically belong to the genus Taxodium or the species Glyptostrobus pensilis and Actinostrobus pyramidalis.
Requires import of some taxonomy for differentia
cypress strand swamp
A cypress strand swamp is a strand swamp which has a plant community dominated by Cupressaceae, often swamp cypresses. Swamp cypresses typically belong to the genus Taxodium or the species Glyptostrobus pensilis and Actinostrobus pyramidalis.
cypress strand
Requires import of some taxonomy for differentia
cypress swamp
A cypress swamp is a swamp which has a plant community dominated by Cupressaceae, often swamp cypresses. Swamp cypresses typically belong to the genus Taxodium or the species Glyptostrobus pensilis and Actinostrobus pyramidalis.
Requires import of some taxonomy for differentia
gravelly slope
A gravelly slope is a slope which has a surface primarily composed of gravel.
hillside
A hillside is a slope that is part of a hill.
brae
talus slope
A talus slope is a slope which has a surface layer composed of scree.
scree slope
understory
An understory is a layer of plant life which grows below the canopy without penetrating it.
under story
understorey
An understory is a layer of plant life which grows below the canopy without penetrating it.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Understory
shrub layer
A shrub layer is a layer of vegetation in a woodland or forest consisting of low, woody vegetation of shrub form.
A shrub layer is a layer of vegetation in a woodland or forest consisting of low, woody vegetation of shrub form.
http://www.treeterms.co.uk/definitions/shrub-layer
herb and fern layer
A herb and fern layer is a layer of a forest or woodland which is composed of all vascular plant life that are one metre or less in height.
This definition is inclusive of non-herbaceous plants that may be transiently present in the "herb layer". See Gilliam FS (2007) The Ecological Significance of the Herbaceous Layer in Temperate Forest Ecosystems. BioScience. 57(10):845-858. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/B571007) for rationale and a review of definitional and terminological variation.
fern layer
ground cover
ground vegetation
herb layer
herb stratum
herbaceous layer
herbaceous stratum
herbaceous understory
regeneration layer
A herb and fern layer is a layer of a forest or woodland which is composed of all vascular plant life that are one metre or less in height.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/B571007
litter layer
Refers to the ground layer of a forest or woodland where leaf litter or other plant matter accumulates
ground layer
polar biome
A biome which has the environmental condition polar
This class is primarily for inference and, in general, should not be used directly by annotators. If you're an annotator, please consider using a more informative term such as 'tundra biome'.
alpine
An alpine condition is an environmental condition in which the monthly mean temperature is less than 10 degrees Celsius and which occurs at altitudes above the tree line and below the snowline.
LTER:26
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Requested term with preliminary def. See Issue 29 on the envo tracker.
An alpine condition is an environmental condition in which the monthly mean temperature is less than 10 degrees Celsius and which occurs at altitudes above the tree line and below the snowline.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitudinal_zonation
subalpline
A subalpine condition is an environmental condition in which an altitude range falls immediately below the tree line.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Requested in Issue 33 of our tracker. The lower boundry of this condition's range, that is, the lower altitudinal limit of an elevation that is considuered subalpine, is not clear in this definition.
montane
A montane condition is an environmental condition in which an altitude range falls between mid-altitude forests and the tree line.
LTER:350
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The exact level of the tree line varies with local climate, but typically the tree line is found where mean monthly soil temperatures never exceed 10.0 degrees C and the mean annual soil temperatures are around 6.7 degrees C. In the tropics, this region is typified by montane rain forest (above 3,000 ft) while at higher latitudes coniferous forests often dominate.
A montane condition is an environmental condition in which an altitude range falls between mid-altitude forests and the tree line.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitudinal_zonation
The exact level of the tree line varies with local climate, but typically the tree line is found where mean monthly soil temperatures never exceed 10.0 degrees C and the mean annual soil temperatures are around 6.7 degrees C. In the tropics, this region is typified by montane rain forest (above 3,000 ft) while at higher latitudes coniferous forests often dominate.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitudinal_zonation
altitudinal condition
An altitudinal condition is an environmental condition in which ranges of factors such as temperature, humidity, soil composition, solar irradiation, and tree density vary with ranges in altitude.
Depending on the latitude (and, to a lesser extent, other factors), the actual location of the zones where these conditions are in effect will change.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An altitudinal condition is an environmental condition in which ranges of factors such as temperature, humidity, soil composition, solar irradiation, and tree density vary with ranges in altitude.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitudinal_zonation
nival
A nival condition is an environmental condition in which vegetation is extremely limited, soils are silica enriched, and ground cover is dominated by snow and ice at altitudes above the snowline.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A nival condition is an environmental condition in which vegetation is extremely limited, soils are silica enriched, and ground cover is dominated by snow and ice at altitudes above the snowline.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitudinal_zonation
upper montane
An upper montane condition is a montane condition in which an altitude range falls immediately below the tree line.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This definition is somewhat odd in that it doesn't clearly define a lower boundary.
lower montane
A lower montane condition is a montane condition in which an altitude range falls immediately above mid-altitude forests.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This definition does not define an upper boundary.
montane conifer woodland
A montane conifer woodland is a conifer woodland which is located within an altitude range that falls between mid-altitude forests and the tree line.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Requested in Issue 56.
maize field
Requested in Issue 112 as part of the curation of metagenome submissions in the European Nucleotide Archive.
A field used for the cultivation of corn or related crop plants.
root matter
Requested in Issue 115 as part of the annotation of metagenomic submissions present in the European Nucleotide Archive.
An organic material primarily composed of a portion of plant root.
autoclaved sand
Autoclaved sand is sand that has been sterlised by exposure to high pressure saturated steam at at least 121 degrees Celsius.
Requested in Issue 116 as part of the annotation of metagenomic submissions present in the European Nucleotide Archive.
obsolete marine mesoscale eddy
A marine mesoscale eddy is a current of marine water which has a typical horizontal diameter of less than 100 km and persists for approximately one month.
ENVO:01000069
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
true
A marine mesoscale eddy is a current of marine water which has a typical horizontal diameter of less than 100 km and persists for approximately one month.
http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/ocean-mesoscale-eddies
field
An unbroken expanse (as of ice)
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This class was created to accommodate "fields" from agricultural fields to marine mesoscale eddy fields. Thus, it has a very broad definition which makes it less than informative when annotating. Please consider using or requesting an appropriate subclass.
An unbroken expanse (as of ice)
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/field
marine mesoscale eddy field
A mesoscale eddy field is an expanse of marine water which includes coherent vortices, as well as a rich cascade of other structures such as filaments, squirts and spirals and is characterized by temperature and salinity anomalies with associated flow anomalies that are nearly in geostrophic balance. Although only the surface expression of mesoscale eddies is visible in satellite images of sea surface height or temperature, they are in fact three dimensional structures that reach down into the pycnocline.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A mesoscale eddy field is an expanse of marine water which includes coherent vortices, as well as a rich cascade of other structures such as filaments, squirts and spirals and is characterized by temperature and salinity anomalies with associated flow anomalies that are nearly in geostrophic balance. Although only the surface expression of mesoscale eddies is visible in satellite images of sea surface height or temperature, they are in fact three dimensional structures that reach down into the pycnocline.
http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/ocean-mesoscale-eddies
ice cap climatic condition
An ice cap climatic condition is a polar condition in which the montly average temperature does not exceed 0 degrees Celsius.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An ice cap climatic condition is a polar condition in which the montly average temperature does not exceed 0 degrees Celsius.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_climate
vegetation layer
A layer which is determined by a form of vegetation.
Usually found in woodlands and forests.
forest layer
forest stratum
woodland layer
woodland stratum
granite
A portion of granite is a portion of igneous rock which is intrusive, felsic, granular, and phaneritic.
Requested in issue 45. Some relations to PATO and SWEET classes suggested.
A portion of granite is a portion of igneous rock which is intrusive, felsic, granular, and phaneritic.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granite
alkaline water
A portion of alkaline water is a portion of water with a pH greater than 7.
acidic water
A portion of acidic water is a portion of water with a pH less than 7.
limestone cave
A cave formed in limestone, usually by dissolution of limestone by acidic groundwater.
Can be linked to a solutional environmental process and acidic groundwater.
solutional cave
A cave formed by the dissolution of soluble rock or other solid material such as limestone, chalk, dolomite, gypsum, salt or marble.
Can be linked to a solutional environmental process and acidic groundwater.
A cave formed by the dissolution of soluble rock or other solid material such as limestone, chalk, dolomite, gypsum, salt or marble.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave
primary cave
A cave formed at the same time as the surrounding rock.
A cave formed at the same time as the surrounding rock.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave
inflationary cave
A cave that is formed by the action of pressurised lava pushing against surrounding rock and then draining away.
A cave that is formed by the action of pressurised lava pushing against surrounding rock and then draining away.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_cave
erosional cave
A cave formed by erosion caused by flowing streams carrying rocks or sediments.
A cave formed by erosion caused by flowing streams carrying rocks or sediments.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave
glacier cave
A glacier cave is a cave formed within or under a glacier.
A glacier cave is a cave formed within or under a glacier.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave
ice cave
An ice cave is a bedrock cave which contains year-round ice formations.
talus cave
A talus cave is a cave formed by the openings between large boulders which have fallen into a random heap.
A talus cave is a cave formed by the openings between large boulders which have fallen into a random heap.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave
anchialine cave
An anchialine cave is a cave which contains an anchialine pool.
An anchialine cave is a cave which contains an anchialine pool.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave
anchialine pool
An anchialine pool is a landlocked water body with a subterranean connection to the ocean and which has fresh water towards its surface with saline water in its deeper layers.
anchialine pond
An anchialine pool is a landlocked water body with a subterranean connection to the ocean and which has fresh water towards its surface with saline water in its deeper layers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchialine_pool
vadose cave
A cave that is part of a vadose zone.
A cave that is part of a vadose zone.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mordloch
tundra climatic condition
An tundra climatic condition is a polar condition in which at least one month's average temperature exceeds 0 degrees Celsius.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An tundra climatic condition is a polar condition in which at least one month's average temperature exceeds 0 degrees Celsius.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_climate
agricultural waste material
Agricultural waste is waste produced as a result of various agricultural operations. It includes manure and other wastes from farms, poultry houses and slaughterhouses; harvest waste; fertilizer run- off from fields; pesticides that enter into water, air or soils; and salt and silt drained from fields.
As with other wastes, this is more a role than a material in itself. This should be revised.
agricultural waste
Agricultural waste is waste produced as a result of various agricultural operations. It includes manure and other wastes from farms, poultry houses and slaughterhouses; harvest waste; fertilizer run- off from fields; pesticides that enter into water, air or soils; and salt and silt drained from fields.
Glossary of Environment Statistics, Studies in Methods, Series F, No. 67, United Nations, New York, 1997.
http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=77
household waste material
Household waste refers to waste material usually generated in the residential environment. Waste with similar characteristics may be generated in other economic activities and can thus be treated and disposed of together with household waste.
household waste
This will become a defined class, with subclasses added through inference based on material having a 'waste role' and being associated with domestic entities.
Household waste refers to waste material usually generated in the residential environment. Waste with similar characteristics may be generated in other economic activities and can thus be treated and disposed of together with household waste.
Glossary of Environment Statistics, Studies in Methods, Series F, No. 67, United Nations, New York, 1997.
http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=1261
biological waste material
Biological waste is waste containing mostly natural organic materials (remains of plants, animal excrement, biological sludge from waste-water treatment plants and so forth).
This will become a defined class, with subclasses added through inference based on material having a 'waste role' and being composed primarily of some organic or biological matter.
biological waste
Biological waste is waste containing mostly natural organic materials (remains of plants, animal excrement, biological sludge from waste-water treatment plants and so forth).
Glossary of Environment Statistics, Studies in Methods, Series F, No. 67, United Nations, New York, 1997.
http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=3097
dry woodland
A dry woodland is a woodland which occurs in areas of rain shadow in a tropical marine climate, receives very little rainfall, typically has rapidly draining soils and trees which have adaptations to dry climates such as thick bark, small leaves, and the disposition to shed their leaves.
xerophytic ecosystem
A dry woodland is a woodland which occurs in areas of rain shadow in a tropical marine climate, receives very little rainfall, typically has rapidly draining soils and trees which have adaptations to dry climates such as thick bark, small leaves, and the disposition to shed their leaves.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_marine_climate
tropical marine condition
A tropical marine condition is a tropical condition in which the ocean strongly influences the climate and a wet and dry season occur.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A tropical marine condition is a tropical condition in which the ocean strongly influences the climate and a wet and dry season occur.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_marine_climate
tropical marine semi-evergreen forest
A semi-evergreen forest is a forest which undergoes a long dry season and, as a consequence, has a two-storey layer structure, a dry canopy, a leaf litter layer that only decays during moist periods trees with very small leaves or which shed their leaves to conserve water and which flower during the dry season and grow during the wet season.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
mesophytic ecosystem
semi-evergreen forest
A semi-evergreen forest is a forest which undergoes a long dry season and, as a consequence, has a two-storey layer structure, a dry canopy, a leaf litter layer that only decays during moist periods trees with very small leaves or which shed their leaves to conserve water and which flower during the dry season and grow during the wet season.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_marine_climate
mesophytic ecosystem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_marine_climate
humid subtropical
A humid subtropical condition is a subtropical condition in which an environmental system has hot, humid summers, warm to cool dry winters, and average annual precipitation either evenly distributed throughout the year or marked by a dry season or drying trend during winter
In cases where rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year, this condition falls into the Cfa category of the Köppen climate classification. In cases marked by a dry season or drying trend during winter, this condition falls into the Cwa category of the Köppen climate classification. Environmental systems with this condition usually occur on the eastern side of continents.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A humid subtropical condition is a subtropical condition in which an environmental system has hot, humid summers, warm to cool dry winters, and average annual precipitation either evenly distributed throughout the year or marked by a dry season or drying trend during winter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropics
In cases where rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year, this condition falls into the Cfa category of the Köppen climate classification. In cases marked by a dry season or drying trend during winter, this condition falls into the Cwa category of the Köppen climate classification. Environmental systems with this condition usually occur on the eastern side of continents.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropics
arid subtropical
An arid subtropical condition is a subtropical condition in which an environmental system has an annual average temperature near 18.2 degrees Celsius with their coldest month averaging between 2 and 13 degrees Celsius, the absence of regular rainfall, and high humidity.
Mild variants are generally located in areas adjacent to powerful cold ocean currents.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
desert climate
semi-arid climate
semi-desert climate
semi-arid climate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropics
An arid subtropical condition is a subtropical condition in which an environmental system has an annual average temperature near 18.2 degrees Celsius with their coldest month averaging between 2 and 13 degrees Celsius, the absence of regular rainfall, and high humidity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropics
Mild variants are generally located in areas adjacent to powerful cold ocean currents.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropics
semi-desert climate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropics
desert climate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropics
highland subtropical
A highland subtropical condition is a subtropical condition in which increased elevation results in mild summers, cooler winters, and, in some instances, snowfall associated with montly temperature averages below 22 but above -3 degrees Celsius.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This is an interesting overlap of a latitudinal and altitudinal condition. Some link between this condition and the altitudinal conditions should be considered. This condition corresponds to the Cfb and Cwb categories of Köppen climate classification.
A highland subtropical condition is a subtropical condition in which increased elevation results in mild summers, cooler winters, and, in some instances, snowfall associated with montly temperature averages below 22 but above -3 degrees Celsius.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropics
oceanic temperate
An oceanic temperate condition is a temperate condition which is strongly influenced by oceans and oceanic winds. Summers are cool and winters are cool, but not cold, and there is little frozen precipitation at lower elevations.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This condition is typically present on the western coasts of large continental landmasses.
An oceanic temperate condition is a temperate condition which is strongly influenced by oceans and oceanic winds. Summers are cool and winters are cool, but not cold, and there is little frozen precipitation at lower elevations.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_zone
continental temperate
A continental temperate condition is a temperate condition which is influenced by large land masses. Summers are warm to hot and winters are often long, cold, and snowy.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A continental temperate condition is a temperate condition which is influenced by large land masses. Summers are warm to hot and winters are often long, cold, and snowy.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_zone
cold desert
A cold desert is a desert which has hot summers and cold, dry winters with temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius
This variant of the desert climate is somewhat rare outside of Asia. A cold desert climate is typically found in temperate zones, almost always in the rain shadow of high mountains which restrict precipitation from the westerly winds, or in the case of Central Asia, from the monsoon. The Gobi desert in Mongolia is a classic example of a region with a cold desert climate. Though hot in summer, it shares the very cold winters of the rest of Central Asia. The Kyzyl Kum and Taklamakan deserts of Central Asia and the drier portions of the Great Basin Desert of the western United States are other major examples of BWk climates. The Ladakh region, lying in the Great Himalayas in India also has a cold desert climate.
A cold desert is a desert which has hot summers and cold, dry winters with temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert_climate#Cold_desert_climates
temperate evergreen needleleaf forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
coniferous forest
tropical lowland evergreen broadleaf rain forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
ran forest
ran forest
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/6949
temperate deciduous broadleaf forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
temperate deciduous needleleaf forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
coniferous forest
tropical deciduous broadleaf forest
This class corresponds to the "Tropical Deciduous / semi-deciduous broadleaf forest" category of the updated Global Forest Map classification (GFM 2000). To reconstruct the original class, an aggregate class with this and the "tropical semi-deciduous broadleaf forest" class can be made.
rain forest
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/6949
rain forest
tropical semi-deciduous broadleaf forest
This class corresponds to the "Tropical Deciduous / semi-deciduous broadleaf forest" category of the updated Global Forest Map classification (GFM 2000). To reconstruct the original class, an aggregate class with this and the "tropical deciduous broadleaf forest" class can be made.
rain forest
rain forest
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/6949
temperate mixed broadleaf forest
This class corresponds to the "Temperate Mixed broadleaf / needleleaf forest" category of the updated Global Forest Map classification (GFM 2000). To reconstruct the original class, an aggregate class with this and the "temperate mixed needleleaf forest" class can be made.
temperate mixed needleleaf forest
This class corresponds to the "Temperate Mixed broadleaf / needleleaf forest" category of the updated Global Forest Map classification (GFM 2000). To reconstruct the original class, an aggregate class with this and the "temperate mixed broadleaf forest" class can be made.
coniferous forest
tropical semi-evergreen moist broadleaf forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
rain forest
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/6949
rain forest
tropical upper montane forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
tropical lower montane forest
tropical freshwater swamp forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
temperate sclerophyllous dry forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
tropical sclerophyllous dry forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
temperate broadleaf evergreen forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
temperate freshwater swamp forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000). It is currently unclear how to relate forests and swamps.
tropical needleleaf forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
coniferous forest
tropical thorn forest
This class is one of the forest types as identified by the updated Global Forest Map (GFM 2000).
tropical mixed needleleaf forest
This class corresponds to the "Tropical Mixed needleleaf / broadleaf forest" category of the updated Global Forest Map classification (GFM 2000). To reconstruct the original class, an aggregate class with this and the "tropical mixed broadleaf forest" class can be made.
coniferous forest
tropical mixed broadleaf forest
This class corresponds to the "Tropical Mixed needleleaf / broadleaf forest" category of the updated Global Forest Map classification (GFM 2000). To reconstruct the original class, an aggregate class with this and the "tropical mixed needleleaf forest" class can be made.
tropical mangrove
This class corresponds to the "Tropical Mixed needleleaf / broadleaf forest" category of the updated Global Forest Map classification (GFM 2000). To reconstruct the original class, an aggregate class with this and the "tropical mixed needleleaf forest" class can be made.
The relationship between this "forest" class and the mangrove swamp must be clarified.
tropical mangrove forest
plastic
A (portion of) plastic is an (portion of) anthropogenic environmental material including any of numerous organic synthetic or processed materials which are primarily composed of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers of high molecular weight.
URL:http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5998
URL:http://eurovoc.europa.eu/1837
A (portion of) plastic is an (portion of) anthropogenic environmental material including any of numerous organic synthetic or processed materials which are primarily composed of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers of high molecular weight.
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plastic
respirable suspended particulate matter
A portion of respirable suspended particulate matter is a form of particulate matter composed primarily of solid particles each with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less.
PM10
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particulates
A portion of respirable suspended particulate matter is a form of particulate matter composed primarily of solid particles each with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less.
snow
Snow is an environmental material which is primarily composed of flakes of crystalline water ice.
snow
snow
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/7769
Snow is an environmental material which is primarily composed of flakes of crystalline water ice.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow
littoral zone
The littoral zone is the part of a sea, lake, or river that is close to the shore. The adjacency of water has many consequences including the generation of microclimates and impacts on the biology.
This class is intended to capture littoral zones that are associated with marine, freshwater, and any other aquatic environments. Note that there is no single definition of the extent of the "littoral zone", associated with any water body. Here, we use definitions that will be more familiar to marine biologists rather than military organisations, although the latter can be added on request.
The littoral zone is the part of a sea, lake, or river that is close to the shore. The adjacency of water has many consequences including the generation of microclimates and impacts on the biology.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
environmental zone
An environmental zone is an environmental feature whose extent is determined by the presence or influence of one or more material entities or processes. An environmental zone may, itself, assume the role of an environmental feature.
For example, a intertidal zone is that part of a coast which is exposed to air and water due to tidal processes. It determines the intertidal zone environment. This class is experimental and not suitable for annotation! "Zone" is likely to become some form of BFO:site. It is intended to capture entities from both physiography and human geography.
environmental area
freshwater littoral zone
A freshwater littoral zone is a littoral zone which extends offshore from the shore of a freshwater body of water to the limit of occupancy of rooted plants.
The littoral zone may form a narrow or broad fringing wetland, with extensive areas of aquatic plants sorted by their tolerance to different water depths. Typically, four zones are recognized, from higher to lower on the shore: wooded wetland, wet meadow, marsh and aquatic vegetation. Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Chapter 2.
fringing wetland
The littoral zone may form a narrow or broad fringing wetland, with extensive areas of aquatic plants sorted by their tolerance to different water depths. Typically, four zones are recognized, from higher to lower on the shore: wooded wetland, wet meadow, marsh and aquatic vegetation. Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Chapter 2.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
A freshwater littoral zone is a littoral zone which extends offshore from the shore of a freshwater body of water to the limit of occupancy of rooted plants.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
URL:http://www.epa.gov/
marine eulittoral zone
The eulittoral zone extends from the spring high tide line, which is rarely inundated, to the spring low tide line, which is rarely not inundated. The wave action and turbulence of recurring tides shapes and reforms cliffs, gaps, and caves, offering a huge range of habitats for sedentary organisms.
foreshore
intertidal zone
mediolittoral zone
midlittoral zone
midlittoral zone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
foreshore
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
mediolittoral zone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
The eulittoral zone extends from the spring high tide line, which is rarely inundated, to the spring low tide line, which is rarely not inundated. The wave action and turbulence of recurring tides shapes and reforms cliffs, gaps, and caves, offering a huge range of habitats for sedentary organisms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
infralittoral zone
A zone which is part of the sublittoral zone and is dominated by algae. This zone usually extends up to five metres below the low water mark.
A zone which is part of the sublittoral zone and is dominated by algae. This zone usually extends up to five metres below the low water mark.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_zone
circalittoral zone
A zone which is part of the sublittoral zone and is dominated by sessile animals such as oysters. This zone usually begins at a depth greater than the infralittoral zone.
old plant
A whole plant which is relatively old
young plant
A whole plant which is relatively young.
fine respirable suspended particulate matter
A portion of fine respirable suspended particulate matter is a form of particulate matter composed primarily of solid particles each with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less.
PM2.5
A portion of fine respirable suspended particulate matter is a form of particulate matter composed primarily of solid particles each with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particulates
ultrafine respirable suspended particulate matter
Regulations do not exist for this size class of ambient air pollution particles, which are far smaller than the regulated PM10 and PM2.5 particle classes and are believed to have several more aggressive health implications than those classes of larger particulates.
A portion of fine respirable suspended particulate matter is a form of particulate matter composed primarily of solid particles each with a diameter of 100 nanometers or less.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particulates
A portion of fine respirable suspended particulate matter is a form of particulate matter composed primarily of solid particles each with a diameter of 100 nanometers or less.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrafine_particle
house
A house is a building that provides a dwelling-place for a living entity.
The provisioning of a dwelling-place can perhaps be modelled as a role.
A house is a building that provides a dwelling-place for a living entity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home
human house
A human house is a house which provides a dwelling-place for humans.
domestic garden
A garden that is associated with a human house. This association is generally one of spatial proximity or parthood.
building part
A building part is a construction which is part of a building.
Not recommended for annotation. This class is likely to be made into an inferred class as its subclasses are distributed among more meaningful superclasses (i.e. ceiling is_a surface layer). See for example, "building floor". The boundaries between building parts may be bona fide or fiat.
indoor kitchen
An indoor kitchen is a room or part of a room primarily used for cooking or food preparation, but which may have other funcitons such as dining, food storage, dishwashing, or laundry.
Not a sublcass of room as this may just be part of some room.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An indoor kitchen is a room or part of a room primarily used for cooking or food preparation, but which may have other funcitons such as dining, food storage, dishwashing, or laundry.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitchen
bathroom
A bathroom is a room which contains a washbasin or other fixture, such as a shower or bath, used for bathing by humans.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
bathing room
toilet
washroom
living room
A living room is a room in a human house which is used for social and domestic leisure activities.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The logical definitions must state which social and leisure activities are included here. Jet-skiing and mass rallies are probably not the range.
living-room
A living room is a room in a human house which is used for social and domestic leisure activities.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living_room
patio
A patio is a paved outdoor area, adjacent to a human house, and used for dining or recreation.
A patio is a paved outdoor area, adjacent to a human house, and used for dining or recreation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio
indoor toilet
An indoor toilet is a room which contains a sanitation fixture used primarily for the disposal of human urine and faeces.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
bathroom
indoor lavatory
lavatory
restroom
toilet
toilet room
An indoor toilet is a room which contains a sanitation fixture used primarily for the disposal of human urine and faeces.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toilet
room
A room is a building part which is separated from other building parts by one or more interior walls and, optionally, outdoor areas by one or more exterior walls.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A room is a building part which is separated from other building parts by one or more interior walls and, optionally, outdoor areas by one or more exterior walls.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Room
carbon nanotube enriched soil
A portion of carbon nanotube enriched soil is a portion of soil with elevated levels of carbon nanotubes.
Logical definition will be created pending import of "carbon nanotube" from CHEBI
rocky shore
A rocky shore is an intertidal area of a seacoast where solid rock is the predominant substrate.
This label is usually used to refer to 'rocky intertidal shores', i.e. a marine environment. Other types of rocky shore should be requested explicitly. Additionally, "rocky" could be a quality, this would link this with rocky deserts etc.
rocky intertidal shore
A rocky shore is an intertidal area of a seacoast where solid rock is the predominant substrate.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocky_shore
burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to create a space suitable for habitation, temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion
Should be better defined logically aggregating 'hole' or 'tunnel' with some sort of relation to 'habitation' etc.
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to create a space suitable for habitation, temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burrow
broadleaf forest
A class created to group GFM 2000 terms by the dominant vegetation type. Definitions pending.
mixed forest
A class created to group GFM 2000 terms by the dominant vegetation type. Definitions pending. The subclasses of this class need to be checked: are they properly placed under other classes or is this corrected and the dominant form of mixed vegetation noted in the label?
swamp forest
A class created to group GFM 2000 terms by the dominant vegetation type. Definitions pending.
needleleaf forest
A class created to group GFM 2000 terms by the dominant vegetation type. Definitions pending.
coniferous forest
sclerophyllous forest
A class created to group GFM 2000 terms by the dominant vegetation type. Definitions pending.
montane forest
A class created to group GFM 2000 terms by the dominant vegetation type. Definitions pending.
waterborne particulate matter
This class should be populated by inference, relying on 'composed primarily of', many 'pieces of solid material' and 'surrounded by' some 'water'.
Waterborne particulate matter is a form of particulate matter in which small, solid portions of solid material are surrounded by water.
lava field
A lava field is an expanse of flat-lying lava flows. Such features are generally composed of highly fluid basalt lava, and can extend for tens or even hundreds of miles across the underlying terrain.
lava area
lava bed
lava plain
A lava field is an expanse of flat-lying lava flows. Such features are generally composed of highly fluid basalt lava, and can extend for tens or even hundreds of miles across the underlying terrain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_field
lava bed
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_field
lava plain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_field
lava flow
A lava flow is a moving outpouring of lava, which is created during a non-explosive effusive eruption.
environmental_hazards
A lava flow is a moving outpouring of lava, which is created during a non-explosive effusive eruption.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava
andesitic volcano
dacitic volcano
andesite
Andesite is an extrusive igneous, volcanic rock, of intermediate composition, with aphanitic to porphyritic texture. In a general sense, it is the intermediate type between basalt and dacite, and ranges from 57 to 63 percent silicon dioxide as illustrated in TAS diagrams. The mineral assemblage is typically dominated by plagioclase plus pyroxene and/or hornblende. Magnetite, zircon, apatite, ilmenite, biotite, and garnet are common accessory minerals. Alkali feldspar may be present in minor amounts.
Andesite is an extrusive igneous, volcanic rock, of intermediate composition, with aphanitic to porphyritic texture. In a general sense, it is the intermediate type between basalt and dacite, and ranges from 57 to 63 percent silicon dioxide as illustrated in TAS diagrams. The mineral assemblage is typically dominated by plagioclase plus pyroxene and/or hornblende. Magnetite, zircon, apatite, ilmenite, biotite, and garnet are common accessory minerals. Alkali feldspar may be present in minor amounts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andesite
dacite
Dacite is an igneous, volcanic rock. It has an aphanitic to porphyritic texture and is intermediate in composition between andesite and rhyolite. Dacite consists mostly of plagioclase feldspar with biotite, hornblende, and pyroxene (augite and/or enstatite). It has quartz as rounded, corroded phenocrysts, or as an element of the ground-mass. The plagioclase ranges from oligoclase to andesine and labradorite. Sanidine occurs, although in small proportions, in some dacites, and when abundant gives rise to rocks that form transitions to the rhyolites.
Dacite is an igneous, volcanic rock. It has an aphanitic to porphyritic texture and is intermediate in composition between andesite and rhyolite. Dacite consists mostly of plagioclase feldspar with biotite, hornblende, and pyroxene (augite and/or enstatite). It has quartz as rounded, corroded phenocrysts, or as an element of the ground-mass. The plagioclase ranges from oligoclase to andesine and labradorite. Sanidine occurs, although in small proportions, in some dacites, and when abundant gives rise to rocks that form transitions to the rhyolites.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/dacite
salt mass
An accumulation of a salt, typically sodium chloride.
dacitic lava
disturbed area
A disturbed area is an environmental zone which includes an ecosystem which was subject to an ecological disturbance. That is, the ecosystem in the area has undergone a pronounced change in response to a change in environmental conditions or other perturbation.
This is often used by plant collectors when early successional species are observed in an area.
A disturbed area is an environmental zone which includes an ecosystem which was subject to an ecological disturbance. That is, the ecosystem in the area has undergone a pronounced change in response to a change in environmental conditions or other perturbation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disturbance_(ecology)
ravine
A ravine is a small, narrow, steep-sided valley that is larger than a gully and smaller than a canyon and that is usually worn by running water.
A ravine is a small, narrow, steep-sided valley that is larger than a gully and smaller than a canyon and that is usually worn by running water.
url:http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ravine
roadside
An environmental zone of varying area which is adjacent to a road.
mixed grassland
A mixed grassland is a grassland which contains a mixture of tall and short grasses.
A mixed grassland is a grassland which contains a mixture of tall and short grasses.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_and_Southern_mixed_grasslands
url:http://worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/na0810
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_mixed_grasslands
wet meadow
A wet meadow is a type of wetland with soils that are saturated with water for part or all of the growing season.
Debate exists whether a wet meadow is a type of marsh or a completely separate type of wetland. Wet prairies and wet savannas are hydrologically similar. Wet meadows may occur because of restricted drainage or the receipt of large amounts of water from rain or melted snow. They may also occur in riparian zones and around the shores of large lakes. Unlike a marsh or swamp, a wet meadow does not have standing water present except for brief to moderate periods during the growing season. Instead, the ground in a wet meadow fluctuates between brief periods of inundation and longer periods of saturation. Wet meadows often have large numbers of wetland plant species, which frequently survive as buried seeds during dry periods, and then regenerate after flooding. Wet meadows therefore do not usually support aquatic life such as fish. They typically have a high diversity of plant species, and may attract large numbers of birds, small mammals and insects including butterflies.
Debate exists whether a wet meadow is a type of marsh or a completely separate type of wetland. Wet prairies and wet savannas are hydrologically similar. Wet meadows may occur because of restricted drainage or the receipt of large amounts of water from rain or melted snow. They may also occur in riparian zones and around the shores of large lakes. Unlike a marsh or swamp, a wet meadow does not have standing water present except for brief to moderate periods during the growing season. Instead, the ground in a wet meadow fluctuates between brief periods of inundation and longer periods of saturation. Wet meadows often have large numbers of wetland plant species, which frequently survive as buried seeds during dry periods, and then regenerate after flooding. Wet meadows therefore do not usually support aquatic life such as fish. They typically have a high diversity of plant species, and may attract large numbers of birds, small mammals and insects including butterflies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet_meadow
A wet meadow is a type of wetland with soils that are saturated with water for part or all of the growing season.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet_meadow
salt glacier
namakier
salt fountain
A mass of salt which has erupted onto a planetary surface, usually through sedimentary rock.
A mass of salt which has erupted onto a planetary surface, usually through sedimentary rock.
Adapted from URL:http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=86861
atmospheric carbon dioxide
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This could also be considered a part of an environmental material like air.
Atmospheric carbon dioxide is an environmental material composed of carbon dioxide in its gaseous form present in the atmosphere.
environmental disposition
A disposition which is realised by an environmental system or system parts thereof.
This class and its subclasses are experimental and are being developed with NCEAS use cases in mind.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
carbon pooling disposition
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The disposition of an environmental system to sequester and store carbon.
carbon dioxide pooling disposition
The disposition of an environment to sequester carbon dioxide, subsequently storing the carbon component thereof.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
material pooling disposition
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The disposition of an environmental system to sequester and store some material entity.
concrete masonry unit
A concrete masonry unit is a large, rectangular masonry unit primarily composed of concrete.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A concrete masonry unit is a large, rectangular masonry unit primarily composed of concrete.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_masonry_unit
masonry unit
A masonry unit is a solid piece of material, usually with a regular shape, used as a component in the construction of buildings. Masonry units are usually composed of brick, stone, marble, granite, travertine, limestone, cast stone, concrete block, glass block, stucco, tile, or cob.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A masonry unit is a solid piece of material, usually with a regular shape, used as a component in the construction of buildings. Masonry units are usually composed of brick, stone, marble, granite, travertine, limestone, cast stone, concrete block, glass block, stucco, tile, or cob.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonry
concrete
Concrete is a composite material composed of an aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement which hardens over time.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Missing the class for "aggregate" - tricky to define what it is, exactly. Again, seems more like some sort of material/disposition hybrid.
Concrete is a composite material composed of an aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement which hardens over time.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete
asphalt concrete
Asphaltic concrete is a concrete which uses refined asphalt as a cement.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
asphaltic concrete
road pavement
Asphaltic concrete is a concrete which uses refined asphalt as a cement.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete
asphalt
Asphalt also known as bitumen is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum.
This class refers to naturally-occuring asphalt or bitumen.
asphaltum
bitumen
crude bitumen
pitch
tar
Asphalt also known as bitumen is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt
refined asphalt
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Refined asphalt is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid with a boiling point above 500 degrees Celsius, obtained from the fractional distillation of crude oil.
refined bitumen
Refined asphalt is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid with a boiling point above 500 degrees Celsius, obtained from the fractional distillation of crude oil.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt
masonry cement
"Cement" refers more to a disposition than a specific material.
Masonry cement is a substance used in construction that has the disposition to set and harden and thus may be used to bind materials together.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
cement
Masonry cement is a substance used in construction that has the disposition to set and harden and thus may be used to bind materials together.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement
hydraulic cement
Hydraulic cement is a masonry cement which contains activated aluminium silicates or pozzolans, such as fly ash, allowing it to set in wet conditions or underwater.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Hydraulic cement is a masonry cement which contains activated aluminium silicates or pozzolans, such as fly ash, allowing it to set in wet conditions or underwater.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement
non-hydraulic cement
Non-hydraulic cement is a cement which sets by reacting with carbon dioxide in the air and will not set in wet conditions or underwater. It is susceptible to attack by aggresive chemicals after setting.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Non-hydraulic cement is a cement which sets by reacting with carbon dioxide in the air and will not set in wet conditions or underwater. It is susceptible to attack by aggresive chemicals after setting.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement
building wall
Building walls are bulding parts which serve to support roofs, floors and ceilings; enclose a space as part of the building envelope; give buildings form; and to provide shelter and security.
This is a building part and not the same as a standalone wall, which is a building in its own right.
Building walls are bulding parts which serve to support roofs, floors and ceilings; enclose a space as part of the building envelope; give buildings form; and to provide shelter and security.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall
boundary wall
A boundary wall is a constructed barrier which is usually opaque, constructed from masonry, and of greater structural strength than a fence.
This is not the same as a wall that is part of a building. use ENVO:01000420 for the latter.
defensive wall
A boundary wall is a constructed barrier which is usually opaque, constructed from masonry, and of greater structural strength than a fence.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall#Boundary_wall
constructed barrier
A constructed barrier is a freestanding wall, berm, or fence built to limit movement of entities across a boundary.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
barrier
A constructed barrier is a freestanding wall, berm, or fence built to limit movement of entities across a boundary.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier
fence
A fence is a constructed barrier which is generally of lighter construction than a wall and used to provide visual sectioning of spaces.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A fence is a constructed barrier which is generally of lighter construction than a wall and used to provide visual sectioning of spaces.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fence
exterior wall
An exterior wall is a building wall which separates the interior of a building from the buildings surrounding environment.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
building envelope
A building envelope is a building part composed of those building parts which physically separate the interior of a building from its surrounding environment.
The building envelope provides resistance to air, water, heat, light, and noise transfer. The three basic elements of a building envelope are a weather barrier, air barrier, and thermal barrier.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
building enclosure
A building envelope is a building part composed of those building parts which physically separate the interior of a building from its surrounding environment.
The building envelope provides resistance to air, water, heat, light, and noise transfer. The three basic elements of a building envelope are a weather barrier, air barrier, and thermal barrier.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_envelope
ceiling
A ceiling is an overhead interior surface that covers the upper limit of a room. It is not generally considered a structural element, but a finished surface concealing the underside of the floor or roof structure above.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A ceiling is an overhead interior surface that covers the upper limit of a room. It is not generally considered a structural element, but a finished surface concealing the underside of the floor or roof structure above.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceiling
building roof
A roof is the covering on the uppermost part of a building which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain, but also heat, wind and sunlight. A roof is also the framing or structure which supports the covering
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This class is meant to represent roofs which are parts of buildings, rather than a roofs of cave and other natural formations.
roof
A roof is the covering on the uppermost part of a building which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain, but also heat, wind and sunlight. A roof is also the framing or structure which supports the covering
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roof
thatch
Some sort of logical definition towards:
composed_primarily_of some ((straw or 'water reed' or rushes or sedge or heather) and has_quality dry)
should be considered, where "rushes", "sedge", etc are represented as materials rather than some sort of taxon.
Thatch is material composed of dry vegetation such as straw, water reed, sedge (Cladium mariscus), rushes, or heather.
Thatch is material composed of dry vegetation such as straw, water reed, sedge (Cladium mariscus), rushes, or heather.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thatching
brick material
A portion of brick material is a material derived from a brick which is composed of kneaded clay-bearing soil, expanded clay aggregate, sand and lime, or concrete that has been fire-hardened or air-dried.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A portion of brick material is a material derived from a brick which is composed of kneaded clay-bearing soil, expanded clay aggregate, sand and lime, or concrete that has been fire-hardened or air-dried.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brick
brick
Generally used to refer to the masonry unit rather than a material.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A brick is a masonry unit which is composed of kneaded clay-bearing soil, expanded clay aggregate, sand and lime, or concrete material, fire-hardened or air-dried.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brick
A brick is a masonry unit which is composed of kneaded clay-bearing soil, expanded clay aggregate, sand and lime, or concrete material, fire-hardened or air-dried.
plaster
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Plaster is a building material which has the disposition to harden when it reacts with water, liberating heat through crystallization. Plaster is manufactured as a dry powder and is mixed with water to form a paste when used.
render
stucco
Plaster is a building material which has the disposition to harden when it reacts with water, liberating heat through crystallization. Plaster is manufactured as a dry powder and is mixed with water to form a paste when used.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaster
gypsum plaster
Gypsum plaster is a plaster which is formed by partially dehydrating gypsum by heating it to approximately 150 degrees Celsius and grinding the product into a powder. Gypsum anhydride - formed by heating gypsum above 200 degrees Celsius - may also be used as plaster.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
plaster of Paris
Gypsum plaster is a plaster which is formed by partially dehydrating gypsum by heating it to approximately 150 degrees Celsius and grinding the product into a powder. Gypsum anhydride - formed by heating gypsum above 200 degrees Celsius - may also be used as plaster.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaster
cement plaster
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
cement render
cement stucco
lime plaster
Lime plaster is a plaster which is primarily composed of calcium hydroxide and an inert filler (such as sand). Coversion of the calcium hydroxide to calcium carbonate through a reaction with carbon dioxide in the air causes the plaster to set.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
lime render
lime stucco
slaked lime plaster
Lime plaster is a plaster which is primarily composed of calcium hydroxide and an inert filler (such as sand). Coversion of the calcium hydroxide to calcium carbonate through a reaction with carbon dioxide in the air causes the plaster to set.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaster
glass
This class refers to all forms of glass. For the familiar form present in window panes and drinking glasses, consider silica-based glass.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Glass is an amorphous (non-crystalline) solid which is often transparent.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass
Glass is an amorphous (non-crystalline) solid which is often transparent.
silica-based glass
Silica-based glass is a glass composed primarily of silicon dioxide, the primary constituent of sand.
glass
Silica-based glasses are the most common manufactured variety of glass.
soda-lime glass
This type of glass constitutes 90% of manufactured glass.
Soda-lime glass is a silica-based glass which is composed of approximately 75% silicon dioxide, with sodium oxide and calcium oxide consituting most of its remaining composition.
soda-lime-silica glass
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
glass
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soda-lime_glass
Soda-lime glass is a silica-based glass which is composed of approximately 75% silicon dioxide, with sodium oxide and calcium oxide consituting most of its remaining composition.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass
This type of glass constitutes 90% of manufactured glass.
flat glass
Flat glass is a soda-lime glass which is composed of approximately 73% silicon dioxide (silica), 14% sodium oxide, 9% calcium oxide, 4% magnesium oxide, 0.15% aluminium oxide, 0.03% potassium oxide, 0.02% titanum dioxide, and 0.01% iron III oxide.
Most flat glass is soda-lime glass produced by the float glass process. It is more water soluble than container glass.
plate glass
sheet glass
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Flat glass is a soda-lime glass which is composed of approximately 73% silicon dioxide (silica), 14% sodium oxide, 9% calcium oxide, 4% magnesium oxide, 0.15% aluminium oxide, 0.03% potassium oxide, 0.02% titanum dioxide, and 0.01% iron III oxide.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soda-lime_glass
container glass
Container glass is less water soluble than flat glass.
Container glass is a soda-lime glass which is composed of approximately 74% silicon dioxide (silica), 13% sodium oxide, 10.5% calcium oxide, 1.3% aluminium oxide, 0.3% potassium oxide, 0.2% sulphur trioxide, 0.2% magnesium oxide, 0.04% iron III oxide, and 0.01% titanum dioxide.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soda-lime_glass
Container glass is a soda-lime glass which is composed of approximately 74% silicon dioxide (silica), 13% sodium oxide, 10.5% calcium oxide, 1.3% aluminium oxide, 0.3% potassium oxide, 0.2% sulphur trioxide, 0.2% magnesium oxide, 0.04% iron III oxide, and 0.01% titanum dioxide.
quartz glass
fused quartz
fused silica
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This is "pure" silica glass. As an ENVO:"environmental material" this class assumes that there remains some possibility that 'contaminants' being present.
Quartz glass is a glass which is composed of silica in amorphous (non-crystalline) form.
Quartz glass is a glass which is composed of silica in amorphous (non-crystalline) form.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fused_quartz
building floor
A building floor is a surface layer which is part of a building and used for walking.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
To be more precise, a subfloor and a floor covering may be specified. Please request these classes and propose definitions if they are needed.
brick building floor
A brick building floor is a building floor that is composed primarily of brick material or is built from bricks.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
brick floor
wooden building floor
A wooden building floor is a building floor that is composed primarily of wood.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
wooden floor
wooden parquet floor
concrete building floor
A concrete building floor is a building floor that is composed primarily of concrete
At times, this is called a cement floor, although that is probably not accurate.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
cement building floor
cement floor
concrete floor
sandy building floor
A sandy building floor is a building floor that is composed primarily of sand.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
sand floor
sandy floor
glass building floor
A glass building floor is a building floor which is composed primarily of glass.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
glass floor
dung building floor
A dung building floor is a building floor which is composed primarily of dried animal feces.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
dung floor
stone building floor
A stone building floor is a building floor that is composed primarily of rock.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
rock floor
stone floor
thatched exterior wall
A thatched exterior wall is an exterior wall that is composed primarily of thatch.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
thatch exterior wall
thatch wall
thatched wall
stone exterior wall
A stone exterior wall is an exterior wall that is composed primarily of rock.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
stone wall
straw exterior wall
A straw exterior wall is an exterior wall that is composed primarily of straw.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
straw wall
mud exterior wall
A mud exterior wall is an exterior wall that is composed primarily of mud.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
mud wall
pole
A solid, cylindrical object or column with its length greater than its diameter.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This was created in response to a user request, but it is an odd class in that it specifies a shape rather than a particular material entity. It may, therefore, be deprecated when more meaningful or sensible alternatives become apparent.
A solid, cylindrical object or column with its length greater than its diameter.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pole
pole-reinforced mud exterior wall
A pole-reinforced mud exterior wall is a mud exterior wall which is supported and reinforced by poles.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
mud and poles exterior wall
mud and poles wall
brick exterior wall
A brick exterior wall is an exterior wall that is built from bricks.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
brick wall
burnt brick
A burnt brick is a brick which has been dried at an elvated temperature in a kiln, furnace, or with similar technology .
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
unburnt brick
An unburnt brick is a brick which has been air dried rather than dried at an elvated temperature in a kiln, furnace, or with similar technology .
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
burnt-brick exterior wall
A burnt brick exterior wall is an exterior wall that is built from burnt bricks.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
burnt brick exterior wall
burnt-brick wall
unburnt-brick exterior wall
An unburnt brick exterior wall is an exterior wall that is built from unburnt bricks.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
brick wall
unburnt brick exterior wall
salt dome
A dome-shaped mass of salt formed when a thick bed of evaporite minerals (mainly salt, or halite) found at depth intrudes vertically into surrounding rock strata, forming a diapir.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_dome
A dome-shaped mass of salt formed when a thick bed of evaporite minerals (mainly salt, or halite) found at depth intrudes vertically into surrounding rock strata, forming a diapir.
concrete exterior wall
A stone exterior wall is an exterior wall that is composed primarily of rock.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
concrete wall
iron sheet
An iron sheet is a mass of iron which has been forged into a roughly planar form of less than 6 millimetres in thickness.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An iron sheet is a mass of iron which has been forged into a roughly planar form of less than 6 millimetres in thickness.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheet_metal
salt material
sheet-iron exterior wall
A sheet-iron exterior wall is an exterior wall that is built from sheets of iron.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
iron sheet wall
sheet iron wall
sheet-iron wall
'sheet-iron building roof'
A sheet-iron building roof is a building roof that is built from sheets of iron.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
iron sheet building roof
sheet iron roof
sheet-iron roof
thatched building roof
A thatched building roof is a building roof that is built by thatching (or out of thatch).
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
thatch roof
thatched roof
wooden building roof
A wooden building roof is a building roof that is built from wood.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
wood roof
wooden roof
asbestos building roof
An asbestos building roof is a building roof that is built from asbestos.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
asbestos exists in CHEBI and will be imported to complete this class' logical def.
asbestos roof
tile
A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, or even glass, generally used for covering roofs, floors, walls, showers, or other objects such as tabletops. Alternatively, tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from lightweight materials such as perlite, wood, and mineral wool, typically used for wall and ceiling applications.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, or even glass, generally used for covering roofs, floors, walls, showers, or other objects such as tabletops. Alternatively, tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from lightweight materials such as perlite, wood, and mineral wool, typically used for wall and ceiling applications.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tile
tiled building roof
A tile building roof is a building roof that is built using tiles.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
tile building roof
tile roof
tiled roof
toilet fixture
"disposal" may not be the most precise way to describe fill-in latrines. Note that no assertion is made on whether these fixtures are in- or outdoors.
A fixture which is used primarily for the collection and, in some cases, disposal of human urine and feces.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
toilet
A fixture which is used primarily for the collection and, in some cases, disposal of human urine and feces.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toilet
pit latrine
A pit latrine is a latrine which is constructed by digging a hole in the ground.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This class refers to human latrines. Note that some pit latrines can use pour-flush mechanisms. "Infectious diarrhea resulted in about 0.7 million deaths in children under five years old in 2011 and 250 million lost school days.[4][5] Pit latrines are the lowest cost method of separating feces from people.[3]" - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_latrine
pit toilet
A pit latrine is a latrine which is constructed by digging a hole in the ground.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_latrine
diapir
Unclear whether this should be a subclass of intrusion, as diapirism can actually cause fracturing.
A diapir is a type of geologic intrusion in which a more mobile and ductily deformable material is forced into brittle overlying rocks due to its higher buoyancy.
latrine
A latrine is a toilet which is of simple construction (relative to a flush or chemical toilet) and typically intended for communal use.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This class refers to human latrines.
A latrine is a toilet which is of simple construction (relative to a flush or chemical toilet) and typically intended for communal use.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latrine
latrine slab
A latrine slab is a broad, flat, thick piece of solid material (typically stone or concrete) used as the floor of a latrine and which includes a hole through which excreta are deposited into a latrine pit.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This could be moved to "surface layer" like other floors, although more thought has to be given to "floor": a role of a surface layer?
"The hole in the slab should not be larger than 25 centimeters (9.8 inches) to prevent children falling in." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_latrine
A latrine slab is a broad, flat, thick piece of solid material (typically stone or concrete) used as the floor of a latrine and which includes a hole through which excreta are deposited into a latrine pit.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_latrine
batholith
The form of erosion should be further specified.
A batholith is an area of mostly continuous plutonic (igneous intrusive) rock that covers an area larger than 100 square kilometers, formed in the planetary crust, and exposed by erosion. On Earth, Batholiths are almost always made mostly of felsic or intermediate rock-types, such as granite, quartz monzonite, or diorite.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batholith
A batholith is an area of mostly continuous plutonic (igneous intrusive) rock that covers an area larger than 100 square kilometers, formed in the planetary crust, and exposed by erosion. On Earth, Batholiths are almost always made mostly of felsic or intermediate rock-types, such as granite, quartz monzonite, or diorite.
latrine pit
A latrine pit is an artificial hole or cavity in the ground used to collect human excreta.
A latrine pit is typically at least 3 metres (10 feet) deep and 1 metre (3.2 feet) across.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A latrine pit is an artificial hole or cavity in the ground used to collect human excreta.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_latrine
pit latrine with slab floor
A pit latrine with a slab floor is a pit latrine which has a latrine slab as a floor.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This class refers to human latrines. "Infectious diarrhea resulted in about 0.7 million deaths in children under five years old in 2011 and 250 million lost school days.[4][5] Pit latrines are the lowest cost method of separating feces from people.[3]" - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_latrine
pit toilet
A pit latrine with a slab floor is a pit latrine which has a latrine slab as a floor.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_latrine
outhouse
"Outside North America, the term "outhouse" refers not to a toilet but to outbuildings in a general sense."
An outhouse is a small structure, separate from a main building, which covers a pit latrine or a dry toilet.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
dunny
earth closet
latrine covering
latrine shelter
privy
"Outside North America, the term "outhouse" refers not to a toilet but to outbuildings in a general sense."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outhouse
An outhouse is a small structure, separate from a main building, which covers a pit latrine or a dry toilet.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outhouse
intrusion
An intrusion is a mass of rock which has been formed within a pre-existing fracture in a larger mass of rock. While some intrusions are still located in the fracture where they formed, others may be (partially) exposed by erosional processes.
sedimentary intrusion
Subclasses of this class will be created by inference.
flush toilet fixture
A toilet fixture which uses water to flush liquid and solid excreta into a sewage containment or processing facility through a drainpipe.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
bog
comfort room
dunny
flush toilet
head
john
lavatory
loo
pot
the heads
toilet
water closet
A toilet fixture which uses water to flush liquid and solid excreta into a sewage containment or processing facility through a drainpipe.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toilet
dry toilet fixture
A toilet fixture which uses little to no water; excreta is removed manually or composted in situ.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Subclasses will probably be filled in by inference.
dry toilet
A toilet fixture which uses little to no water; excreta is removed manually or composted in situ.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toilet
chemical toilet fixture
"In the past, disinfection was generally carried out by mixing formaldehyde, bleach or similar chemicals with the toilet water when flushed...[F]ormaldehyde is very irritating to the eyes, ears, skin, nose, and throat, it is being replaced by other proprietary blends such as glutaraldehyde and quaternary ammonium compounds, with non-staining dyes and nature-identical perfume oils. Additionally, enzyme hybrids are sometimes used." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_toilet
A chemical toilet fixture is a toilet fixture which uses chemicals to deodorise and treat excreta which is stored in the fixture.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
chemical toilet
A chemical toilet fixture is a toilet fixture which uses chemicals to deodorise and treat excreta which is stored in the fixture.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_toilet
ventilated improved pit latrine
A ventilated improved pit latrine is a pit latrine which includes a vent pipe fitted to the pit with a flyscreen covering the pipe's outlet. Air currents moving across the outlet of the vent pipe create a vaccum which draws odors out of the latrine's superstructure.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
VIP latrine
ventilated pit latrine
A ventilated improved pit latrine is a pit latrine which includes a vent pipe fitted to the pit with a flyscreen covering the pipe's outlet. Air currents moving across the outlet of the vent pipe create a vaccum which draws odors out of the latrine's superstructure.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_latrine
covered latrine
A covered latrine is a building which comprises a latrine sheltered by an outhouse.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A covered latrine is a building which comprises a latrine sheltered by an outhouse.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latrine
covered pit latrine
A covered pit latrine is a building which comprises a pit latrine sheltered by an outhouse.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A covered pit latrine is a building which comprises a pit latrine sheltered by an outhouse.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latrine
covered pit latrine with slab floor
A covered pit latrine with slab is a building which comprises a pit latrine with a slab floor sheltered by an outhouse.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A covered pit latrine with slab is a building which comprises a pit latrine with a slab floor sheltered by an outhouse.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latrine
pour-flush toilet fixture
A flush toilet fixture into which water is manually poured to dispose of excreta.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
bog
comfort room
dunny
flush toilet
head
john
lavatory
loo
pot
pour flush toilet fixture
the heads
toilet
water closet
A flush toilet fixture into which water is manually poured to dispose of excreta.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toilet
pour-flush pit latrine
A pit latrine which includes a water seal (U-trap or siphon) used over one or two offset pits instead of a plain hole or seat. Water is manually poured through the trap to flush excreta into the latrine pit.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
bog
dunny
head
pour-flush toilet fixture
toilet
A pit latrine which includes a water seal (U-trap or siphon) used over one or two offset pits instead of a plain hole or seat. Water is manually poured through the trap to flush excreta into the latrine pit.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_latrine
factory
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.
A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory
atmospheric ozone
atmospheric ozone
Atmospheric ozone is an environmental material primarily composed of ozone in its gaseous form and present in the atmosphere.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
atmospheric ozone
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/632
stratosphere
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Definition from GEMET - will be refined.
The layer of the atmosphere which is sandwiched between the troposphere and mesosphere. Of the energy that reaches the Earth from the sun, only 3% is absorbed in the stratosphere, but that includes the vitally important process of absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the stratospheric ozone layer. The stratosphere is cloudless and dust free, and almost unaffected by the turbulent conditions of the underlying level of the atmosphere. (Source: WRIGHT)
The layer of the atmosphere which is sandwiched between the troposphere and mesosphere. Of the energy that reaches the Earth from the sun, only 3% is absorbed in the stratosphere, but that includes the vitally important process of absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the stratospheric ozone layer. The stratosphere is cloudless and dust free, and almost unaffected by the turbulent conditions of the underlying level of the atmosphere. (Source: WRIGHT)
GEMET:http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/8128
mesosphere
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The mesosphere is part of the earth's atmosphere which is between the stratosphere and the thermosphere in which temperature decreases with altitude to the atmosphere's absolute minimum
The mesosphere is part of the earth's atmosphere which is between the stratosphere and the thermosphere in which temperature decreases with altitude to the atmosphere's absolute minimum
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mesosphere
troposphere
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Definition from GEMET - will be refined.
The lowest of the concentric layers of the atmosphere, occurring between the Earth's surface and the tropopause. It is the zone where atmospheric turbulence is at its greatest and where the bulk of the Earth's weather is generated. It contains almost all the water vapour and aerosols and three-quarters of the total gaseous mass of the atmosphere. Throughout the troposphere temperature decreases with height at a mean rate of 6.5°C/km and the whole zone is capped by either an inversion of temperature or an isothermal layer at the tropopause. (Source: WHIT)
GEMET:http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/8695
The lowest of the concentric layers of the atmosphere, occurring between the Earth's surface and the tropopause. It is the zone where atmospheric turbulence is at its greatest and where the bulk of the Earth's weather is generated. It contains almost all the water vapour and aerosols and three-quarters of the total gaseous mass of the atmosphere. Throughout the troposphere temperature decreases with height at a mean rate of 6.5°C/km and the whole zone is capped by either an inversion of temperature or an isothermal layer at the tropopause. (Source: WHIT)
thermosphere
The thermosphere is a part of the earth's atmosphere that begins at about 50 miles (80 kilometers) above the earth's surface, extends to outer space, and is characterized by steadily increasing temperature with height
The thermosphere is a part of the earth's atmosphere that begins at about 50 miles (80 kilometers) above the earth's surface, extends to outer space, and is characterized by steadily increasing temperature with height
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/thermosphere
ozone layer
"The ozone layer contains less than 10 parts per million of ozone, while the average ozone concentration in Earth's atmosphere as a whole is only about 0.3 parts per million. The ozone layer is mainly found in the lower portion of the stratosphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth, though the thickness varies seasonally and geographically"- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone_layer
The ozone layer is a layer of gases in the stratosphere which contains high concentrations of ozone gas relative to other parts of the atmosphere.
ozone shield
ozone layer
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/5993
ozone layer
ozone shield
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone_layer
The ozone layer is a layer of gases in the stratosphere which contains high concentrations of ozone gas relative to other parts of the atmosphere.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone_layer
atmospheric layer
atmospheric layering
This could be made into an inferred class, rather than having asserted subclasses.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A layer that is part of the atmosphere.
atmospheric layering
GEMET:http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/627
boundary layer
boundary layer
A boundary layer is a layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface where the effects of viscosity are significant enough to distort the surrounding non-viscous flow.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A boundary layer is a layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface where the effects of viscosity are significant enough to distort the surrounding non-viscous flow.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_layer
boundary layer
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/976
ionosphere
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
The ionosphere is a layer of the Earth's atmosphere which extends from about 60 to 1,000 kilometers above the planetary surface and is ionised by solar radiation. It includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere.
ionosphere
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionosphere
The ionosphere is a layer of the Earth's atmosphere which extends from about 60 to 1,000 kilometers above the planetary surface and is ionised by solar radiation. It includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere.
ionosphere
GEMET:http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/4492
exosphere
The exosphere is an atmospheric layer where molecules are gravitationally bound to a planetary body, but where their density is too low for them to behave as a gas by colliding with each other. In the case of bodies with substantial atmospheres, such as Earth's atmosphere, the exosphere is the uppermost layer, where the atmosphere thins out and merges with interplanetary space. It is located directly above the thermosphere.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
The exosphere is an atmospheric layer where molecules are gravitationally bound to a planetary body, but where their density is too low for them to behave as a gas by colliding with each other. In the case of bodies with substantial atmospheres, such as Earth's atmosphere, the exosphere is the uppermost layer, where the atmosphere thins out and merges with interplanetary space. It is located directly above the thermosphere.
glaze ice layer
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
glaze ice
glaze
glaze
A glaze ice layer is a smooth, transparent and homogeneous ice layer which coats some surface and which is formed when freezing rain or drizzle hits that surface.
A glaze ice layer is a smooth, transparent and homogeneous ice layer which coats some surface and which is formed when freezing rain or drizzle hits that surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaze_ice
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/12091
glaze ice
eutrophic lake
A lake which has nutrient-rich water.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
mass of biological material
composting toilet
A composting toilet fixture is a dry toilet fixture in which managed, aerobic decomposition converts human excreta into organic matter suitable for the fertilisation or amendment of soils.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composting_toilet
A composting toilet fixture is a dry toilet fixture in which managed, aerobic decomposition converts human excreta into organic matter suitable for the fertilisation or amendment of soils.
paraffin
kerosene
Paraffin is a thin, clear liquid composed of hydrocarbons that typically contain between 6 and 16 carbon atoms per molecule. Paraffin is obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum between 150 and 275 degrees Celsius, resulting in a mixture with a density of 0.78–0.81 grams per cubic centimetre. It is miscible in petroleum solvents but immiscible in water. Regardless of crude oil source or processing history, kerosene's major components are branched and straight chain alkanes and naphthenes (cycloalkanes), which normally account for at least 70% by volume. Aromatic hydrocarbons in this boiling range, such as alkylbenzenes (single ring) and alkylnaphthalenes (double ring), do not normally exceed 25% by volume of kerosene streams. Olefins are usually not present at more than 5% by volume.
kerosine
Paraffin is a thin, clear liquid composed of hydrocarbons that typically contain between 6 and 16 carbon atoms per molecule. Paraffin is obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum between 150 and 275 degrees Celsius, resulting in a mixture with a density of 0.78–0.81 grams per cubic centimetre. It is miscible in petroleum solvents but immiscible in water. Regardless of crude oil source or processing history, kerosene's major components are branched and straight chain alkanes and naphthenes (cycloalkanes), which normally account for at least 70% by volume. Aromatic hydrocarbons in this boiling range, such as alkylbenzenes (single ring) and alkylnaphthalenes (double ring), do not normally exceed 25% by volume of kerosene streams. Olefins are usually not present at more than 5% by volume.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene
natural gas
Natural gas is a hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly includes varying amounts of other higher alkanes and sometimes a usually lesser percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and/or hydrogen sulfide. Natural gas is a fossil fuel formed when layers of buried plants and gases are exposed to intense heat and pressure over thousands of years.
Natural gas is a hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly includes varying amounts of other higher alkanes and sometimes a usually lesser percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and/or hydrogen sulfide. Natural gas is a fossil fuel formed when layers of buried plants and gases are exposed to intense heat and pressure over thousands of years.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas
liquefied petroleum gas
liquid petroleum gas
Liquified petroleum gas or liquid petroleum gas (LPG or LP gas), also referred to as simply propane or butane, are flammable mixtures of hydrocarbon gases used as fuel in heating appliances, cooking equipment, and vehicles.
LPG
LP gas
liquified natural gas
Liquified petroleum gas or liquid petroleum gas (LPG or LP gas), also referred to as simply propane or butane, are flammable mixtures of hydrocarbon gases used as fuel in heating appliances, cooking equipment, and vehicles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas
hydrocarbon gas
A gas that is primarily composed of hydrocarbon molecules.
compressed natural gas
Compressed natural gas is a natural gas stored at high pressures, typically 20–25 Megapascals.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas
Compressed natural gas is a natural gas stored at high pressures, typically 20–25 Megapascals.
biogas
This is distinct from natural gas which is a fossil fuel product.
Biogas is a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen, is primarily composed of methane and carbon dioxide, and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulfide, water, and siloxanes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Biogas is a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen, is primarily composed of methane and carbon dioxide, and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulfide, water, and siloxanes.
liquefied natural gas
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas (predominantly methane, CH4) that has been converted to liquid form for ease of storage or transport. It takes up about 1/600th the volume of natural gas in the gaseous state. It is odorless, colorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive. LNG achieves a higher reduction in volume than compressed natural gas (CNG) so that the (volumetric) energy density of LNG is 2.4 times greater than that of CNG or 60 percent of that of diesel fuel.
liquified natural gas
LNG
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas (predominantly methane, CH4) that has been converted to liquid form for ease of storage or transport. It takes up about 1/600th the volume of natural gas in the gaseous state. It is odorless, colorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive. LNG achieves a higher reduction in volume than compressed natural gas (CNG) so that the (volumetric) energy density of LNG is 2.4 times greater than that of CNG or 60 percent of that of diesel fuel.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gas
liquefied hydrocarbon gas
compressed biogas
Compressed biogas is biogas stored at increased pressures.
This is distinct from compressed natural gas, which refers to the compressed form of a fossil fuel.
charcoal
Charcoal is a light, black residue, consisting of carbon and any remaining ash, obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances. Charcoal is usually produced by slow pyrolysis, the heating of wood or other substances in the absence of oxygen.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charcoal
Charcoal is a light, black residue, consisting of carbon and any remaining ash, obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances. Charcoal is usually produced by slow pyrolysis, the heating of wood or other substances in the absence of oxygen.
paraffin lamp
A paraffin lamp is a type of lighting device which burns paraffin to generate light and heat.
kerosene lamp
A paraffin lamp is a type of lighting device which burns paraffin to generate light and heat.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene_lantern
flat-wick lamp
flat wick lamp
A flat-wick lamp is a simple type of paraffin lamp, which burns paraffin drawn up through a wick by capillary action.
A flat-wick lamp is a simple type of paraffin lamp, which burns paraffin drawn up through a wick by capillary action.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene_lantern
central-draught lamp
A central-draught lamp is a paraffin lamp which burns a parrafin saturated, tubular wick contained between two structural tubes and supplied with oxygen by a central draught of air through the innermost of these tube.
central draught lamp
tubular round wick lamp
Argand lamp
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene_lantern
A central-draught lamp is a paraffin lamp which burns a parrafin saturated, tubular wick contained between two structural tubes and supplied with oxygen by a central draught of air through the innermost of these tube.
mantle lamp
A mantle lamp is a central-draught lamp which includes a pear-shaped, fabric mesh containing thorium or other rare-earth salts placed over the burner. On first use the fabric burns away and the rare-earth salts are converted to oxides, leaving a very fragile structure which incandesces (glows brightly) upon exposure to the heat of the burner flame.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene_lantern
A mantle lamp is a central-draught lamp which includes a pear-shaped, fabric mesh containing thorium or other rare-earth salts placed over the burner. On first use the fabric burns away and the rare-earth salts are converted to oxides, leaving a very fragile structure which incandesces (glows brightly) upon exposure to the heat of the burner flame.
lantern
A lantern is a portable device or mounted fixture comprising a light source protected by a translucent case.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lantern
A lantern is a portable device or mounted fixture comprising a light source protected by a translucent case.
lamp
A lamp is an object which generates heat, light, or any other form of radiation.
A lamp is an object which generates heat, light, or any other form of radiation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamp
paraffin lantern
A paraffin lantern is a lantern which houses a parrafin lamp in a structure of soldered or crimped-together sheet metal stampings and glass or other translucent material.
kerosene lantern
barn lantern
hurricane lantern
A paraffin lantern is a lantern which houses a parrafin lamp in a structure of soldered or crimped-together sheet metal stampings and glass or other translucent material.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene_lantern
tubular paraffin lantern
A tubular paraffin lantern is a paraffin lantern which includes metal tubes in its casing that direct air to the burning wick.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene_lantern
A tubular paraffin lantern is a paraffin lantern which includes metal tubes in its casing that direct air to the burning wick.
dead flame paraffin lantern
A dead-flame paraffin lantern is a paraffin lantern which has a wick housed in a glass globe with airflow channelled upwards by vents below the burning wick and an open chimney above it.
glass globe lantern
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene_lantern
A dead-flame paraffin lantern is a paraffin lantern which has a wick housed in a glass globe with airflow channelled upwards by vents below the burning wick and an open chimney above it.
hot-blast paraffin lantern
A hot-blast paraffin lantern is a tubular paraffin lantern which collects hot air from the top of the lantern globe and circulates it, through metal tubes, to the burning wick.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene_lantern
A hot-blast paraffin lantern is a tubular paraffin lantern which collects hot air from the top of the lantern globe and circulates it, through metal tubes, to the burning wick.
cold-blast paraffin lantern
A cold-blast paraffin lantern is a tubular paraffin lantern which collects cool air from around the top of the lantern globe and circulates it, through metal tubes, to the burning wick.
A cold-blast paraffin lantern is a tubular paraffin lantern which collects cool air from around the top of the lantern globe and circulates it, through metal tubes, to the burning wick.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene_lantern
electric lamp
An electric lamp is a lamp which produces light from electricity.
battery-powered electric lamp
A battery-powered electric lamp is an electric lamp which draws its power from a device composed of two or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy.
A battery-powered electric lamp is an electric lamp which draws its power from a device composed of two or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamp_(electrical_component)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity)
candle
A candle is a lamp composed of a wax within which an ignitable wick is embedded.
wax
A wax is an environmental material which is primarily composed of lipids or other organic compounds that consist of long alkyl chains. Waxes are are malleable near ambient temperatures and melt at approximately 45 degrees Celsius.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wax
A wax is an environmental material which is primarily composed of lipids or other organic compounds that consist of long alkyl chains. Waxes are are malleable near ambient temperatures and melt at approximately 45 degrees Celsius.
apiary
An apiary is a place where beehives of honey bees are kept and maintained by beekeepers.
An apiary is a place where beehives of honey bees are kept and maintained by beekeepers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apiary
radio device
radio receiver
radio
A device capable of receiving and/or transmitting information encoded in electromagnetic radiation through wave modulation.
radio transmitter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio
A device capable of receiving and/or transmitting information encoded in electromagnetic radiation through wave modulation.
cassette player
A cassette deck is a device capable of playing and recording audio compact cassettes.
cassette deck
cassette recorder
A cassette deck is a device capable of playing and recording audio compact cassettes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Cassette
television set
television
telly
A television set is a device that combines a tuner, display, and loudspeakers for the purpose of converting digital or analog information signals into moving images and sound.
TV
tube
A television set is a device that combines a tuner, display, and loudspeakers for the purpose of converting digital or analog information signals into moving images and sound.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television_set
telephone
A telephone is a telecommunications device which converts sound into electronic signals suitable for transmission via cables or other transmission media, and reconverts such signals into sound waves.
phone
A telephone is a telecommunications device which converts sound into electronic signals suitable for transmission via cables or other transmission media, and reconverts such signals into sound waves.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone
mobile phone
cellular phone
A mobile phone is a telephone which transmits sound information to a mobile phone network via radio transmissions.
cell phone
hand phone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone
A mobile phone is a telephone which transmits sound information to a mobile phone network via radio transmissions.
landline telephone
A landline telephone is a telephone which is connected to a telephone network with wires through which electronic signals are carried.
A landline telephone is a telephone which is connected to a telephone network with wires through which electronic signals are carried.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone
refrigerator
A refrigerator is a device which consists of a thermally insulated compartment and a mechanical, chemical, or electronic heat pump that transfers heat from the inside of the fridge to its external environment such that the inside of the fridge is cooled to a temperature below the ambient temperature of the room
fridge
A refrigerator is a device which consists of a thermally insulated compartment and a mechanical, chemical, or electronic heat pump that transfers heat from the inside of the fridge to its external environment such that the inside of the fridge is cooled to a temperature below the ambient temperature of the room
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refrigerator
table
A table is a form of furniture with a flat horizontal upper surface used to support objects, for storage, show, and/or manipulation.
A table is a form of furniture with a flat horizontal upper surface used to support objects, for storage, show, and/or manipulation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_(furniture)
desk
The intentional nature of this definition is problematic, but the restricted range of activities visited upon a desk is of interest.
A desk is a table which is intended for information-manipulation tasks, including writing and use of interactive electronics.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_(furniture)
A desk is a table which is intended for information-manipulation tasks, including writing and use of interactive electronics.
chair
A chair is a piece of furniture with a raised surface commonly used to seat a single person.
This class, along with benches, stools, and the like, can be grouped under "seating furniture" or similar. However, this is probably better as an inferred class using some sort of BFO:function in the subclass annotation.
piece of furniture
The assumption is that furniture is manufactured, which is arguable. Further, according to Black's Law Dictionary (http://thelawdictionary.org/furniture/) many classes can be subclasses of 'piece of furntiure': "This term includes that which furnishes, or with which anything is furnished or supplied; whatever must be supplied to a house, a room, or the like, to make it habitable, convenient, or agreeable; goods, vessels, utensils, and other appendages necessary or convenient for housekeeping; whatever is added to the interior of a house or apartment, for use or convenience. Bell v. Holding, 27 Ind. 173.The term “furniture� embraces everything about the house that has been usually enjoyed there, including plate, linen, china, and pictures. 1 Endicott v. Endicott, 41N. J. Eq. 96, 3 Atl. 157.The word “furniture� made use of in the disposition of the law. or in the conventions or acts of persons, comprehends only such furniture as is intended for use and ornament of apartments, but not libraries which happen to be there, nor plate. Civ.Code La. art. 477." However, this would eventually be absurd and limit other groupings. Perhaps some sort of 'furnishing' BFO:function would be a better way to handle this.
A piece of furniture is a movable object intended to support various human activities such as seating (e.g., chairs, stools and sofas) and sleeping (e.g., beds).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furniture
A piece of furniture is a movable object intended to support various human activities such as seating (e.g., chairs, stools and sofas) and sleeping (e.g., beds).
sofa
couch
settee
A sofa is a bench which is partially or entirely upholstered, and often fitted with springs and tailored cushions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couch
A sofa is a bench which is partially or entirely upholstered, and often fitted with springs and tailored cushions.
bench
A bench is a piece of furniture, on which several people may sit at the same time.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bench
A bench is a piece of furniture, on which several people may sit at the same time.
mattress
A mattress is a mass of material which is able to cushion and support a reclining body and is used as or on a bed.
A mattress is a mass of material which is able to cushion and support a reclining body and is used as or on a bed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mattress
bed frame
A bed frame is a piece of furniture which is used to position a mattress and bed base and may include a means of supporting a canopy.
bedstead
A bed frame is a piece of furniture which is used to position a mattress and bed base and may include a means of supporting a canopy.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bed_frame
bed base
A bed base is a piece of furniture which supports a mattress.
bed foundation
framed bed
A framed bed is a piece of furniture which is composed of a mattress supported by a bed base and held in place by a bed frame.
A framed bed is a piece of furniture which is composed of a mattress supported by a bed base and held in place by a bed frame.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bed
cabinet
A cabinet is a roughly cuboidal piece of furniture which is used to store miscellaneous items in compartments accessible through doors or drawers.
A cabinet is a roughly cuboidal piece of furniture which is used to store miscellaneous items in compartments accessible through doors or drawers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinetry
cupboard
closet
A cupboard is a cabinet which is used indoors to store household objects such as food, crockery, textiles and liquor, and to protect them from dust and dirt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupboard
A cupboard is a cabinet which is used indoors to store household objects such as food, crockery, textiles and liquor, and to protect them from dust and dirt
clock
A clock is an instrument which may indicate, keep, and/or co-ordinate time.
timepiece
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock
A clock is an instrument which may indicate, keep, and/or co-ordinate time.
pressure lamp
A pressure lamp is a portable paraffin or oil lamp in which fuel is forced up into the mantle or burner by air pressure in the reservoir, which can be increased by pumping with a plunger.
This may be a paraffin or an oil lamp. It can potentially be filled by inference if we can express that any lamp with pressurised fuel in the lamp reservoir is a pressure lamp. See Issue #228.
freshwater spring
A spring which emits fresh water.
river water
rainwater
Rainwater is liquid water which has precipitated in the form of droplets through the condensation of atmospheric water vapour.
Rainwater is liquid water which has precipitated in the form of droplets through the condensation of atmospheric water vapour.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rain
motor vehicle
A motor vehicle is a vehicle which is propelled by an engine or motor and that does not operate on rails.
Subclasses will be added by inference.
A motor vehicle is a vehicle which is propelled by an engine or motor and that does not operate on rails.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_vehicle
truck
lorry
A truck is a motor vehicle which, as its primary funcion, transports cargo rather than human passangers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truck
A truck is a motor vehicle which, as its primary funcion, transports cargo rather than human passangers.
water truck
A water truck is a truck which transports water.
vehicle
A vehicle is a mobile machine which transports people or cargo.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle
A vehicle is a mobile machine which transports people or cargo.
car
A car is a wheeled motor vehicle used primarily for the transportation of human passengers. Most definitions of the term specify that cars are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight people, to typically have four wheels, and to be constructed principally for the transport of people rather than goods.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car
A car is a wheeled motor vehicle used primarily for the transportation of human passengers. Most definitions of the term specify that cars are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight people, to typically have four wheels, and to be constructed principally for the transport of people rather than goods.
cart
A cart is a vehicle which has two wheels and is designed to transport human passengers or cargo.
NB: "[A cart]...is different from a dray or wagon, which is a heavy transport vehicle with four wheels and typically two or more horses, or a carriage, which is used exclusively for transporting humans...Over time, the term "cart" has come to mean nearly any small conveyance, from shopping carts to golf carts, without regard to number of wheels, load carried, or means of propulsion." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cart
A cart is a vehicle which has two wheels and is designed to transport human passengers or cargo.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cart
animal-drawn cart
An animal-drawn cart is a cart which is attached to one or more working or draught animals.
An animal-drawn cart is a cart which is attached to one or more working or draught animals.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cart
boat
A boat is a watercraft of any size which is able to float or plane on water.
Difficult to distinguish from "ships". Similar to mountains and hills. " In naval terms, a boat is a vessel small enough to be carried aboard another vessel (a ship). Another less restrictive definition is a vessel that can be lifted out of the water. Some definitions do not make a distinction in size, as bulk freighters 1,000 feet (300 m) long on the Great Lakes are called oreboats. For reasons of naval tradition, submarines are usually referred to as 'boats' rather than 'ships', regardless of their size and shape." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boat
motor boat
motorized boat
motorised boat
A motor boat is a boat which is propelled by a motor.
motor
engine
A motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor
A motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy.
bus
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry many passengers.
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry many passengers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus
taxicab
cab
Depth can be added with specifications of BFO:role for both the car and the human operator.
taxi
A taxicab is a car which may be hired, along with its operator, to transport passengers between locations of their choosing.
A taxicab is a car which may be hired, along with its operator, to transport passengers between locations of their choosing.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxicab
watercraft
Ships, boats, hovercraft and submarines are all considered watercraft. The term would normally imply some propulsive capability (whether by sail, oar or engine) and hence is distinct from a simple device that merely floats, such as a log raft. - Wikipedia
A watercraft is a vehicle which is able to travel on or through water.
A watercraft is a vehicle which is able to travel on or through water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercraft
bicycle
cycle
bike
A bicycle is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle
A bicycle is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other.
motorcycle
A motorcycle is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle.
motorbike
bike
moto
cycle
A motorcycle is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle
motorscooter
A scooter or motor scooter is a motorcycle with step-through frame and a platform for the rider's feet.
scooter
motor scooter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scooter_(motorcycle)
A scooter or motor scooter is a motorcycle with step-through frame and a platform for the rider's feet.
lentic water body
A lentic water body is a water body in which the accumulated water, in its totality, has very little to no directed flow.
lotic water body
A lotic water body is a water body in which the accumulated water, in its totality, is flowing.
closed ecological system
A closed ecological system is a vivarium which does not rely on matter exchange with any part outside the system.
This class refers to strictly sealed enclosures such as Biosphere 2 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosphere_2), rather than vivaria which allow matter exchange with external environmental systems.
A closed ecological system is a vivarium which does not rely on matter exchange with any part outside the system.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_ecological_system
mesocosm
A mesocosm is a vivarium that is embedded within a natural environment and is used to place a relatively small part of that environment under experimental control for the purposes of scientific investigation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesocosm
A mesocosm is a vivarium that is embedded within a natural environment and is used to place a relatively small part of that environment under experimental control for the purposes of scientific investigation.
microcosm
A microcosm is a vivarium within which a simple ecosystem is artificially established and used to simulate and predict the behaviour of natural ecosystems under controlled conditions.
A microcosm is a vivarium within which a simple ecosystem is artificially established and used to simulate and predict the behaviour of natural ecosystems under controlled conditions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcosm
vaporisation
Note that a vapor describes an element or compound in the gas phase at a temperature lower than its critical point,
Vaporisation of an element or compound is process whereby that element or compound undergoes a phase transition from the liquid to vapor.
vaporization
boiling
Boiling is a form of vaporisation which occurs when a liquid is heated to a temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding environmental pressure.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling
Boiling is a form of vaporisation which occurs when a liquid is heated to a temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding environmental pressure.
hydrological condensation process
condensation
Hydrological condensation is a process in which atmospheric water vapour undergoes a phase transition from the gas phase to the liquid phase.
"process" is included in the label to make it clear that we are not referring to the condensed material (e.g. water droplets, window fog)
Hydrological condensation is a process in which atmospheric water vapour undergoes a phase transition from the gas phase to the liquid phase.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation
manufactured cage
cage
A manufactured structure made of interspaced structural elements such as metal or wooden bars or wires held together such that they may be used to confine, contain, or protect something.
A manufactured structure made of interspaced structural elements such as metal or wooden bars or wires held together such that they may be used to confine, contain, or protect something.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cage_(enclosure)
drylot
A drylot is an enclosure of limited size usually bare of vegetation and used for fattening livestock.
URL:http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/drylot
A drylot is an enclosure of limited size usually bare of vegetation and used for fattening livestock.
feedlot
A feedlot is a plot of land on which livestock are fattened for market
A feedlot is a plot of land on which livestock are fattened for market
URL:http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feedlot
plant litter
tree litter
leaf litter
Leaf litter is dead plant material, such as leaves, bark, needles, and twigs, that has fallen to the ground.
litterfall
soil litter
duff
Leaf litter is dead plant material, such as leaves, bark, needles, and twigs, that has fallen to the ground.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_litter
climate change
The long-term fluctuations in temperature, precipitation, wind, and all other aspects of the Earth's climate. External processes, such as solar-irradiance variations, variations of the Earth's orbital parameters (eccentricity, precession, and inclination), lithosphere motions, and volcanic activity, are factors in climatic variation. Internal variations of the climate system, e.g., changes in the abundance of greenhouse gases, also may produce fluctuations of sufficient magnitude and variability to explain observed climate change through the feedback processes interrelating the components of the climate system.
Definition vebatim from GEMET. Will need to be refined. Further, distinction between "climate change" and (one or many) "climate change process" will need to be discussed. Fluctuations are not processes, per se.
GEMET:http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/1471
The long-term fluctuations in temperature, precipitation, wind, and all other aspects of the Earth's climate. External processes, such as solar-irradiance variations, variations of the Earth's orbital parameters (eccentricity, precession, and inclination), lithosphere motions, and volcanic activity, are factors in climatic variation. Internal variations of the climate system, e.g., changes in the abundance of greenhouse gases, also may produce fluctuations of sufficient magnitude and variability to explain observed climate change through the feedback processes interrelating the components of the climate system.
acidification of an aquatic environment
Acidification of an aquatic environment is a process whereby the pH of an aquatic environment, biome, or water body is lowered.
ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is a process whereby the pH of a sea or ocean is lowered.
On Earth, the major cause of ocean acidification is the update of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
chonolith
A chonolith is an igneous rock intrusion of irregular shape with a demonstrable base, absent in other types of irregularly-shaped intrusions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chonolith
A chonolith is an igneous rock intrusion of irregular shape with a demonstrable base, absent in other types of irregularly-shaped intrusions.
ecosystem-wide aerobic respiration
See issue #275
A process which consists of all aerobic respiration processes instantiated in an ecosystem.
volcanic eruption
environmental_hazards
A volcanic process is a process during which lava, tephra (ash, lapilli, volcanic bombs and blocks), and assorted gases are expelled from a volcanic vent or fissure.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_volcanic_eruptions
A volcanic process is a process during which lava, tephra (ash, lapilli, volcanic bombs and blocks), and assorted gases are expelled from a volcanic vent or fissure.
land
Land is a planetary surface that is not covered by liquid.
Land may more properly be represented as part of a planetary surface rather than a sublcass.
ground
Land is a planetary surface that is not covered by liquid.
Adpated from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
liquid planetary surface
A liquid planetary surface is a planetary surface layer where a liquid material of a planet comes into contact with atmosphere or outer space.
A liquid planetary surface is a planetary surface layer where a liquid material of a planet comes into contact with atmosphere or outer space.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
outer space
Outer space is a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles, predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, neutrinos, dust and cosmic rays that exists between celestial bodies.
space
Outer space is a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles, predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, neutrinos, dust and cosmic rays that exists between celestial bodies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_space
planetary crust
A planetary crust is the outermost solid shell of a rocky planet or natural satellite, which is chemically distinct from the underlying mantle.
This class is meant to be applicable accross planets. Earth's crust would be an instance.
crust
A planetary crust is the outermost solid shell of a rocky planet or natural satellite, which is chemically distinct from the underlying mantle.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crust_(geology)
planetary structural layer
A planetary structural layer is laminar part of a terrestrial planet or other rocky body large enough to have differentiation by density. Planetary layers have differing physicochemical properties and composition.
Terrible label, needs revision.
planetary mantle
A planetary mantle is a planetary layer which is an interior part of a terrestrial planet or other rocky body large enough to have differentiation by density.
mantle
This class is meant to be applicable accross planets. Earth's mantle would be an instance.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle_(geology)
A planetary mantle is a planetary layer which is an interior part of a terrestrial planet or other rocky body large enough to have differentiation by density.
planetary core
core
"Not to be confused with planetary core in the core accretion theory, referring to a central accretionary body surrounded by a halo of dust and gas which serves to trap debris and increase the rate of accretion.." WIkipedia:Planetary_core. This class is meant to be applicable accross planets. Earth's core would be an instance. The "layer" aspect of cores may be problematic.
A planetary core is the innermost structural layer or layers of a planet. The core may be entirely liquid, entirely solid, or have both liquid and solid parts.
A planetary core is the innermost structural layer or layers of a planet. The core may be entirely liquid, entirely solid, or have both liquid and solid parts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_core
outer planetary core
Needs a general definition that holds for Earth as well as other planets.
inner planetary core
Needs a general definition that holds for Earth as well as other planets.
liquid planetary core
A liquid planetary core is a planetary core which is primarily composed of liquid material.
solid planetary core
A solid planetary core is a planetary core which is primarily composed of solid material.
lithosphere
Earth's lithosphere includes the crust and uppermost mantle.
A lithosphere is the outermost shell of a terrestrial-type planet or natural satellite that is defined by its rigid mechanical properties.
A lithosphere is the outermost shell of a terrestrial-type planet or natural satellite that is defined by its rigid mechanical properties.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithosphere
asthenosphere
An asthenosphere is a layer of a terrestrial-type planet or natural satellite which is highly viscous, mechanically weak, and ductilely deforming.
An asthenosphere is a layer of a terrestrial-type planet or natural satellite which is highly viscous, mechanically weak, and ductilely deforming.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthenosphere
magma
Magma is a mixture of molten or semi-molten rock, volatiles, and solids that is found beneath the uppermost solid layer of a planetary body. Besides molten rock, magma may also contain suspended crystals, dissolved gas and sometimes gas bubbles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magma
Magma is a mixture of molten or semi-molten rock, volatiles, and solids that is found beneath the uppermost solid layer of a planetary body. Besides molten rock, magma may also contain suspended crystals, dissolved gas and sometimes gas bubbles.
trench
SWEETRealm:Trench
A trench is a type of excavation or depression in the ground that is generally deeper than it is wide (as opposed to a wider gully or ditch), and narrow compared to its length (as opposed to a simple hole).
EcoLexicon:trench
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trench
A trench is a type of excavation or depression in the ground that is generally deeper than it is wide (as opposed to a wider gully or ditch), and narrow compared to its length (as opposed to a simple hole).
stream channel
ocean strait
An ocean strait is a strait which connects two oceans.
river channel
slum
A slum is a heavily populated urban informal settlement with substandard housing in which households lack any one of the following: access to improved water, access to improved sanitation, sufficient-living area, durability of housing, or security of tenure.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slum
Definition linked to a UN Habitat report entitled "What are slums and why do they exist?" as well as sources from the MDGs and Communitas.
URL:http://www.communitascoalition.org/pdf/Communitas_SDSN_Indicators.pdf
URL:http://mdgs.un.org/unsd/mdg/Metadata.aspx?IndicatorId=0&SeriesId=711
A slum is a heavily populated urban informal settlement with substandard housing in which households lack any one of the following: access to improved water, access to improved sanitation, sufficient-living area, durability of housing, or security of tenure.
undersea trough
An undersea trough is a trough which is below a marine water body.
ENVO
FTT:1022
FTT:611
Geonames:U.DEPU
SWEETRealm:Trough
TGN:21512
deep
foredeep
swale
USGS:SDTS
deep
ADL:FTT
deep
USGS:SDTS
swale
USGS:SDTS
foredeep
An undersea trough is a trough which is below a marine water body.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trough_%28geology%29
Geonames:feature
deep
explosive eruption
An explosive eruption is a volcanic process in which pressurised magma is violently expelled and froths into volcanic ash. Explosive eruptions can eject a cloud of rocks, dust, gas, and pyroclastic material which may then collapse, creating a pyroclastic flow of hot volcanic matter.
environmental_hazards
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explosive_eruption
An explosive eruption is a volcanic process in which pressurised magma is violently expelled and froths into volcanic ash. Explosive eruptions can eject a cloud of rocks, dust, gas, and pyroclastic material which may then collapse, creating a pyroclastic flow of hot volcanic matter.
effusive eruption
environmental_hazards
An effusive eruption is a volcanic eruption during which lava flows onto the ground.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effusive_eruption
An effusive eruption is a volcanic eruption during which lava flows onto the ground.
igneous intrusion process
A process whereby rising magma cools and solidifies without reaching the surface. Instead, the cooled and solidified igneous mass crystallises within the crust to form an igneous intrusion.
A process whereby rising magma cools and solidifies without reaching the surface. Instead, the cooled and solidified igneous mass crystallises within the crust to form an igneous intrusion.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanism
dense settlement
A settlement with a high density of buildings and inhabitants.
The thresholds for what makes a settlment "dense" can be determined as needed. If there is a specific threshold that should be added to ENVO, please make a new class request.
See also: http://www.ecotope.org/anthromes/v1/guide/urban/12_dense_settlements/default.aspx
igneous intrusion
"Intrusion" can refer to the solidified mass or the molten rock.
An igneous intrusion is a mass of rock and minerals formed when magma cools, solidifies, and undergoes fractional crystallisation without reaching the surface.
Subclasses of this class will be created by inference.
An igneous intrusion is a mass of rock and minerals formed when magma cools, solidifies, and undergoes fractional crystallisation without reaching the surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanism
tephra
Tephra is fragmental material produced by a volcanic eruption regardless of composition, fragment size or emplacement mechanism.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tephra
Tephra is fragmental material produced by a volcanic eruption regardless of composition, fragment size or emplacement mechanism.
tuff
Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuff
Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption.
scoria
Scoria is a highly vesicular, dark colored volcanic rock that may or may not contain crystals.
cinder
Scoria differs from pumice in having larger vesicles, thicker vesicle walls and being dark colored and denser.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoria
Scoria is a highly vesicular, dark colored volcanic rock that may or may not contain crystals.
pumice
Pumice is a volcanic rock that consists of highly vesicular rough textured volcanic glass, which may or may not contain crystals.
Scoria differs from pumice in having larger vesicles, thicker vesicle walls and being dark colored and denser.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumice
Pumice is a volcanic rock that consists of highly vesicular rough textured volcanic glass, which may or may not contain crystals.
tuff cone
A cone that is composed of consolidated volcanic ash.
waste role
This definition is preliminary.
A role that is realized in some process wherein the bearer is discarded or not utilized further.
area of open water
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of open water generally have less than 25% cover of vegetation or soil. A specific threshold is not asserted in this definition.
nlcd2011
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of water in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
NLCD:11
open water
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of water in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
geological fracture
A geological fracture is any separation in a geologic formation, such as a joint or a fault that divides a mass of rock into two or more pieces.
fissure
SWEETRealm:Fissure
fracture
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture_(geology)
A geological fracture is any separation in a geologic formation, such as a joint or a fault that divides a mass of rock into two or more pieces.
Genomes:fissure
fissure
geological fault
A geological fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock, across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock mass movement.
fault
active geological fault
environmental_hazards
An active fault is a fault that is likely to become the source of another earthquake sometime in the future. Geologists commonly consider faults to be active if there has been movement observed or evidence of seismic activity during the last 10,000 years.
active fault
vein
A vein is a geological fracture which is filled with minerals precipitated out of an aqueous solution.
dike
dyke
A sheet of rock that formed in a fracture in a pre-existing rock body.
Adpated from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dike_(geology)
A sheet of rock that formed in a fracture in a pre-existing rock body.
geological joint
joint
A joint is a geological fracture which has no measureable shear displacement
shear fracture
A geological fracture across which shear displacement has occurred
Sounds like this should be populated by inference.
microfracture
A microfracture is a small fracture which is found in a portion of solid material along which further fracturing tends to occur. Microfractures are considered imperfections which to pre-exist any fractures formed by the application of stress to a material.
Griffith crack
atmospheric column
This should be relocated under "fiat object part" of the BFO during next refactoring. Also, the "part of" relation to atomosphere should be updated to express that this is a fiat part of the atmosphere.
A vertical pillar defined by a unit area on a planetary surface and bounded by the top of the atmosphere that is used to quantify an atmospheric parameter such as pressure, ozone or precipitable water.
A vertical pillar defined by a unit area on a planetary surface and bounded by the top of the atmosphere that is used to quantify an atmospheric parameter such as pressure, ozone or precipitable water.
https://mynasadata.larc.nasa.gov/glossary/atmospheric-column-2/
contaminated air
Contaminated air is air which has sufficient concentrations of environmental pollutants such that it may adversely affect a given ecosystem.
earthquake
An earthquake is a process whereby part of the surface of a planet shakes due to the passage of seismic waves through rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some form of energy stored in a planet's crust is suddenly released. Elastic strain, gravity, chemical reactions, or even the motion of massive bodies can produce earthquakes.
environmental_hazards
Adapted from URL:http://www.britannica.com/science/earthquake-geology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake
An earthquake is a process whereby part of the surface of a planet shakes due to the passage of seismic waves through rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some form of energy stored in a planet's crust is suddenly released. Elastic strain, gravity, chemical reactions, or even the motion of massive bodies can produce earthquakes.
tectonic earthquake
A tectonic earthquake is an earthquake caused by the release of elastic strain. A tectonic earthquake occurs when strains in rock masses have accumulated to a point where the resulting stresses exceed the strength of the rocks, and sudden fracturing results.
environmental_hazards
URL:http://www.britannica.com/science/earthquake-geology
A tectonic earthquake is an earthquake caused by the release of elastic strain. A tectonic earthquake occurs when strains in rock masses have accumulated to a point where the resulting stresses exceed the strength of the rocks, and sudden fracturing results.
megathrust earthquake
A megathrust earthquake is a tectonic earthquake which occurs at subduction zones at destructive plate boundaries (convergent boundaries). These interplate earthquakes are the planet's most powerful, with moment magnitudes that can exceed 9.0.
environmental_hazards
Adapted from URL:http://www.britannica.com/science/earthquake-geology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake
A megathrust earthquake is a tectonic earthquake which occurs at subduction zones at destructive plate boundaries (convergent boundaries). These interplate earthquakes are the planet's most powerful, with moment magnitudes that can exceed 9.0.
polluted lake
environmental_hazards
A lake which has concentrations of environmental contaminants high enough to harm the ecosystems associated with it.
sodium chloride salt
A mineral material composed primarily of sodium chloride.
salt
This class is for material primarily composed of sodium chloride. For other pure chemical salts, consider a CHEBI class. Request new ENVO terms for environmental samples of other chemical salts.
glacial abrasion
A glacial abrasion process is an erosional process during which debris in the basal ice scrapes along the bed, polishing and gouging the underlying rocks, similar to sandpaper on wood.
abrasion
scouring
glacial scouring
A glacial abrasion process is an erosional process during which debris in the basal ice scrapes along the bed, polishing and gouging the underlying rocks, similar to sandpaper on wood.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion
glacial plucking
Glacial plucking is an erosional process during which pieces of bedrock are cracked off due to the mechanical force of a moving glacier.
glacial quarrying
quarrying
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion
Glacial plucking is an erosional process during which pieces of bedrock are cracked off due to the mechanical force of a moving glacier.
glacial ice thrusting
Glacial ice thrusting is an erosional process during which a moving glacier which has frozen to its bed surges forward and moves large sheets of sediment frozen to the glacial mass.
ice thrusting
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion
Glacial ice thrusting is an erosional process during which a moving glacier which has frozen to its bed surges forward and moves large sheets of sediment frozen to the glacial mass.
water mass
A mass of water.
marine water mass
A mass of marine water.
coast
A coast is the area where land meets the sea, ocean, or lake.
Used for both marine and lake coasts. The boundary of the coast is fuzzy and it overlaps both the water body and land in quesiton. Compared to 'shore'
A coast is the area where land meets the sea, ocean, or lake.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coast
lake coast
Usually reserved for large lakes.
The general region of indefinite width that extends from a lake inland to the first major change in terrain features.
Adapted from USGS:SDTS
The general region of indefinite width that extends from a lake inland to the first major change in terrain features.
tsunami
environmental_hazards
tidal wave
A tsunami is a process during which a series of waves is generated in a water body, typically an ocean or large lake, by the displacement of a large volume of water. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.
seismic sea wave
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami
A tsunami is a process during which a series of waves is generated in a water body, typically an ocean or large lake, by the displacement of a large volume of water. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.
mass wasting
slope movement
environmental_hazards
Of interest for future development: Some causes of mass wasting earthquakes, increased overburden from structures, increased soil moisture, reduction of roots holding the soil to bedrock, undercutting of the slope by excavation or erosion, weathering by frost heave, bioturbation, volcanic edifice over-steepening. Some processes that reduce mass wasting: Afforestation, Reforestation, Terracing steps on slopes (reduce angle of slope). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_wasting.
mass movement
Mass wasting is the geomorphic process by which solid environmental material such as soil, sand, regolith, and/or rock move downslope typically as a mass, largely under the force of gravity, but frequently affected by water and water content as in submarine environments and mudslides.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_wasting
Mass wasting is the geomorphic process by which solid environmental material such as soil, sand, regolith, and/or rock move downslope typically as a mass, largely under the force of gravity, but frequently affected by water and water content as in submarine environments and mudslides.
avalanche
snowslip
environmental_hazards
An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a sloping surface.
snowslide
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_wasting
An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a sloping surface.
landslide process
landslip
GEMET:http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/4668
A landslide is a process whereby a large mass of earth and rocks moves down a hill or a mountainside.
environmental_hazards
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_wasting
A landslide is a process whereby a large mass of earth and rocks moves down a hill or a mountainside.
rockfall
environmental_hazards
geological subsidence
A subsidence process is a geomorphologic process in which a surface shifts downward relative to a datum such as sea-level.
subsidence
environmental_hazards
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidence
A subsidence process is a geomorphologic process in which a surface shifts downward relative to a datum such as sea-level.
mudslide
environmental_hazards
mass wasting flow
A mass wasting flow is a form of mass wasting during which the moving materials behave similarly to a flowing fluid. Water, air and ice are often involved in enabling fluidlike motion of the material.
environmental_hazards
flow
A mass wasting flow is a form of mass wasting during which the moving materials behave similarly to a flowing fluid. Water, air and ice are often involved in enabling fluidlike motion of the material.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_wasting
mudflow
environmental_hazards
"Mudflows are often called mudslides, a term applied indiscriminately by the mass media to a variety of mass wasting events. Mudflows often start as slides, becoming flows as water is entrained along the flow path; such events are often called flow slides." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudflow
A mudflow is a form of mass wasting which involves very rapid to extremely rapid surging flow of debris that has become partially or fully liquified by the addition of significant amounts of water to clay-rich source material.
mud flow
A mudflow is a form of mass wasting which involves very rapid to extremely rapid surging flow of debris that has become partially or fully liquified by the addition of significant amounts of water to clay-rich source material.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudflow
debris flow
environmental_hazards
lahar
A lahar is a type of mudflow or debris flow composed of a slurry of pyroclastic material, rocky debris, and water. The material flows down from a volcano, typically along a river valley.
environmental_hazards
A lahar is a type of mudflow or debris flow composed of a slurry of pyroclastic material, rocky debris, and water. The material flows down from a volcano, typically along a river valley.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahar
sturzstrom
A sturzstrom is a landslide consisting which has a great amount of kinetic energy resulting in greater horizontal movement when compared to its initial vertical drop — as much as 20 or 30 times the vertical distance. By contrast a normal landslide will typically travel a horizontal distance that is less than twice the distance that the material has fallen.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sturtzstrom
A sturzstrom is a landslide consisting which has a great amount of kinetic energy resulting in greater horizontal movement when compared to its initial vertical drop — as much as 20 or 30 times the vertical distance. By contrast a normal landslide will typically travel a horizontal distance that is less than twice the distance that the material has fallen.
volcanic ash
Volcanic ash is an environmental material which consists of fragments of pulverized rock, minerals, and volcanic glass, created during volcanic eruptions and measuring less than 2 millimetres in diameter. Volcanic ash is formed during explosive volcanic eruptions, phreatomagmatic eruptions and during transport in pyroclastic density currents.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_ash
Volcanic ash is an environmental material which consists of fragments of pulverized rock, minerals, and volcanic glass, created during volcanic eruptions and measuring less than 2 millimetres in diameter. Volcanic ash is formed during explosive volcanic eruptions, phreatomagmatic eruptions and during transport in pyroclastic density currents.
ash fall process
environmental_hazards
An ash fall process is a process in which volcanic ash formed during an explosive volcanic eruption, phreatomagmatic eruption, or during material transport in pyroclastic density currents is pulled towards the planetary surface by gravity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_ash
An ash fall process is a process in which volcanic ash formed during an explosive volcanic eruption, phreatomagmatic eruption, or during material transport in pyroclastic density currents is pulled towards the planetary surface by gravity.
hydrological precipitation process
precipitation
Hydrological precipitation is a process during which any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapour is pulled to the planetary surface by gravity.
"process" is included in the label to make it clear that we are not referring to the precipitated material (e.g. snow, rain, sleet)
Hydrological precipitation is a process during which any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapour is pulled to the planetary surface by gravity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precipitation
hydrological evaporation
Hydrological evaporation is the evaporation of water, generally as part of a planetary water cycle.
soil degradation
Soil degradation is a process which results in a change in soil health status resulting in a diminished capacity of the ecosystem in which the soil occurs to provide goods and services for its beneficiaries.
Soil degradation is a process which results in a change in soil health status resulting in a diminished capacity of the ecosystem in which the soil occurs to provide goods and services for its beneficiaries.
FAO:http://www.fao.org/soils-portal/soil-degradation-restoration/en/
soil erosion
Soil erosion is a process in which exogenic processes remove soil from one location on the Earth's crust and transport it to another location where it is deposited.
"Soil Erosion is a common term that is often confused with soil degradation as a whole, but in fact refers only to absolute soil losses in terms of topsoil and nutrients. This is indeed the most visible effect of soil degradation, but does not cover all of its aspects. Soil erosion is a natural process in mountainous areas, but is often made much worse by poor management practices." http://www.fao.org/soils-portal/soil-degradation-restoration/en/
coastal flooding
environmental_hazards
Coastal flooding is a process in which normally dry, low-lying land near a coast is flooded by sea water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_flood
Coastal flooding is a process in which normally dry, low-lying land near a coast is flooded by sea water.
riverine flooding
A disposition class such as 'flooding disposition' may be interesting, especially when attached to things like meanders and bends.
Riverine flooding is a process in which the flow rate of river water exceeds the capacity of its channel, thus flooding neighbouring land. Bends and meanders in a river channel are particularly disposed to such flooding.
environmental_hazards
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood#Riverine
Riverine flooding is a process in which the flow rate of river water exceeds the capacity of its channel, thus flooding neighbouring land. Bends and meanders in a river channel are particularly disposed to such flooding.
flash flooding
environmental_hazards
Flash flooding is a process in which low-lying land is inundated with water for a short period of time and are usually the result of precipitation or a breach in the container of a water body.
Flash floods generally last no more than six hours. http://www.srh.noaa.gov/mrx/hydro/flooddef.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_flood
Flash flooding is a process in which low-lying land is inundated with water for a short period of time and are usually the result of precipitation or a breach in the container of a water body.
flood
environmental_hazards
An unusual accumulation of water above the ground caused by high tide, heavy rain, melting snow or rapid runoff from paved areas.
GEMET:http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/3298
An unusual accumulation of water above the ground caused by high tide, heavy rain, melting snow or rapid runoff from paved areas.
coastal flood
A coastal flood is a flood which is formed as a result of large amounts of water from marine water bodies or large lakes being transported to usually dry land by displacement processes such as high winds or seismic activity.
environmental_hazards
A coastal flood is a flood which is formed as a result of large amounts of water from marine water bodies or large lakes being transported to usually dry land by displacement processes such as high winds or seismic activity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood#Estuarine_and_coastal
riverine flood
environmental_hazards
A riverine flood is a flood which is formed as a result of a river's flow rate exceeding the capacity of its channel.
flash flood
environmental_hazards
A flash flood is a flood formed by the rapid flooding of geomorphic low-lying areas. It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, hurricane, tropical storm, or meltwater from ice or snow flowing over ice sheets or snowfields. Flash floods may also occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris dam, or a human structure such as a man-made dam. Flash floods are distinguished from a regular flood by a timescale of less than six hours.
A flash flood is a flood formed by the rapid flooding of geomorphic low-lying areas. It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, hurricane, tropical storm, or meltwater from ice or snow flowing over ice sheets or snowfields. Flash floods may also occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris dam, or a human structure such as a man-made dam. Flash floods are distinguished from a regular flood by a timescale of less than six hours.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_flood
storm surge
A storm surge is a coastal flood which is caused by low-pressure weather systems such as tropical cyclones and strong extratropical cyclones, the severity of which is affected by the shallowness and orientation of the water body relative to storm path, and the timing of tides.
Needs links to weather when these phenomena are added.
environmental_hazards
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storm_surge
A storm surge is a coastal flood which is caused by low-pressure weather systems such as tropical cyclones and strong extratropical cyclones, the severity of which is affected by the shallowness and orientation of the water body relative to storm path, and the timing of tides.
metotsunami
Ambiguity as to whether this label refers to the process or the material entities (the waves). The material entities are a type of severe storm surge.
environmental_hazards
A meteotsunami is a tsunami caused by atmospheric processes and differences in air pressure.
A meteotsunami is a tsunami caused by atmospheric processes and differences in air pressure.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteotsunami
storm surge process
A storm surge process is a coastal flooding process which is caused by low pressure weather systems such as tropical cyclones and strong extratropical cyclones, the severity of which is affected by the shallowness and orientation of the water body relative to storm path, and the timing of tides.
Should be linked to the relevant weather classes when these are created.
environmental_hazards
A storm surge process is a coastal flooding process which is caused by low pressure weather systems such as tropical cyclones and strong extratropical cyclones, the severity of which is affected by the shallowness and orientation of the water body relative to storm path, and the timing of tides.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storm_surge
areal flooding
environmental_hazards
Areal flooding is a flooding process in which flat or low-lying areas become inundated with water due to water input exceeding infiltration, evaporation, or run off.
Areal flooding is a flooding process in which flat or low-lying areas become inundated with water due to water input exceeding infiltration, evaporation, or run off.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood#Areal
urban flooding
environmental_hazards
Relevant to built environments and can be linked to urban flows. Also relevant to water and sanitation SDGs.
Urban flooding is a flooding process in which land or property in a built environment, particularly in more densely populated areas, is inundated due to the rate of water input exceeding that of water drainage provided by the environment's drainage systems.
Urban flooding is a flooding process in which land or property in a built environment, particularly in more densely populated areas, is inundated due to the rate of water input exceeding that of water drainage provided by the environment's drainage systems.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood#Urban_flooding
snowmelt
Snowmelt is a hydrological process in which water is produced by the melting of snow and becomes part of the hydrological surface runoff.
The assertion that the output is freshwater seems reasonable; however, this can certianly be changed if a counter example is provided.
Snowmelt is a hydrological process in which water is produced by the melting of snow and becomes part of the hydrological surface runoff.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowmelt
hydrological melting process
icemelt
Icemelt is a hydrological process in which water is produced by the melting of ice and becomes part of the hydrological surface runoff.
The assertion that the output is freshwater seems reasonable; however, this can certianly be changed if a counter example is provided.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meltwater
Icemelt is a hydrological process in which water is produced by the melting of ice and becomes part of the hydrological surface runoff.
meltwater
Meltwater is the water released by the melting of snow or ice, including glacial ice, tabular icebergs and ice shelves over oceans.
Meltwater is the water released by the melting of snow or ice, including glacial ice, tabular icebergs and ice shelves over oceans.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meltwater
melting
Melting is a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid.
fusion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting
Melting is a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid.
condensation process
Condensation is a process in which a gas undergoes a phase transition into a liquid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation
Condensation is a process in which a gas undergoes a phase transition into a liquid.
chemical precipitation process
Chemical precipitation is a process in which a portion of some solid substance segregates from a material in which that substance or its precursors were dissolved in and settles due to a force such as gravity or centrifugal force. Segregation may occur due to the solubility limits of the precipitating substance being exceeded or due to a chemical reaction that forms a solid product from aqueous reagents.
Chemical precipitation is a process in which a portion of some solid substance segregates from a material in which that substance or its precursors were dissolved in and settles due to a force such as gravity or centrifugal force. Segregation may occur due to the solubility limits of the precipitating substance being exceeded or due to a chemical reaction that forms a solid product from aqueous reagents.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precipitation_(chemistry)
desublimation process
deposition
Desublimation is a process in which a portion of some gas undergoes a phase transition into a portion of some solid.
Desublimation is a process in which a portion of some gas undergoes a phase transition into a portion of some solid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deposition_(phase_transition)
sublimation process
Sublimation is a process in which a portion of some solid undergoes a phase transition into a portion of some gas.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sublimation_(phase_transition)
Sublimation is a process in which a portion of some solid undergoes a phase transition into a portion of some gas.
tectonic uplift process
A tectonic uplift process is a geomorphologic process in which a geological surface shifts upward relative to a datum such as sea-level due to forces other than isostatic responses to unloading.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tectonic_uplift
A tectonic uplift process is a geomorphologic process in which a geological surface shifts upward relative to a datum such as sea-level due to forces other than isostatic responses to unloading.
atmospheric subsidence
Atmospheric subsidence is a process in which a mass of air moves through an atmosphere towards a planetary surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidence_(atmosphere)
Atmospheric subsidence is a process in which a mass of air moves through an atmosphere towards a planetary surface.
lava flow process
environmental_hazards
A process in which a volume of lava emitted during an effusive eruption moves along a solid surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava
A process in which a volume of lava emitted during an effusive eruption moves along a solid surface.
igneous extrusion
A mass of igneous rock formed when hot magma flows out (extrudes) onto a planetary surface as lava or explodes violently into the atmosphere to fall back as pyroclastics or tuff.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrusive
A mass of igneous rock formed when hot magma flows out (extrudes) onto a planetary surface as lava or explodes violently into the atmosphere to fall back as pyroclastics or tuff.
clastic dike
A dike formed when sediment fills a pre-existing fracture in a mass of rock.
clastic dyke
stock
Some assertion to indicate that stocks are smaller than batholiths should be made.
A stock is a discordant igneous intrusion having a surface exposure of less than 100 square kilometres. Stocks differ from batholiths only in being smaller.
laccolith
A sheet intrusion (or concordant pluton) that has been injected between two layers of sedimentary rock. The pressure of the magma is high enough that the overlying strata are forced upward, giving the laccolith a dome or mushroom-like form with a generally planar base.
A sheet intrusion (or concordant pluton) that has been injected between two layers of sedimentary rock. The pressure of the magma is high enough that the overlying strata are forced upward, giving the laccolith a dome or mushroom-like form with a generally planar base.
Adapated from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laccolith
lopolith
A large igneous intrusion which is lenticular in shape with a depressed central region.
A large igneous intrusion which is lenticular in shape with a depressed central region.
Adapated from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopolith
phacolith
A phacolith is an intrusion parallel to the bedding plane or foliation of folded country rock. More specifically, it is a typically lens-shaped intrusion that occupies either the crest of an anticline or the trough of a syncline.
A phacolith is an intrusion parallel to the bedding plane or foliation of folded country rock. More specifically, it is a typically lens-shaped intrusion that occupies either the crest of an anticline or the trough of a syncline.
Adapated from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phacolith
sill
concordant intrusive sheet
A tabular sheet intrusion that has intruded between older layers of sedimentary rock, beds of volcanic lava or tuff, or along the direction of foliation in metamorphic rock.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sill_(geology)
A tabular sheet intrusion that has intruded between older layers of sedimentary rock, beds of volcanic lava or tuff, or along the direction of foliation in metamorphic rock.
intrusion process
A process whereby the precursors of rock, such as magma or sedimentary particles, fill a fracture in a mass of rock.
habitat
A habitat's specificity to an ecological population differentiates it from other environment classes.
An environmental system which can sustain and allow the growth of an ecological population.
ENVO
EcoLexicon:habitat
LTER:238
SWEETRealm:Habitat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat
An environmental system which can sustain and allow the growth of an ecological population.
EnvO:EnvO
area of perennial water ice
nlcd2011
This class covers part of the NLCD "Perennial Ice/Snow" class.
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of water ice, present throughout multiple years, in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of water ice, present throughout multiple years, in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
recycling process
This has been created for SDGIO. Revision is likely, but the general meaning should be stable. The frame of reference for determining what is 'waste' and what is a 'resource' is unclear.
A process in which some input bearing a waste role is consumed to produce an output which bears a resource role.
A process in which some input bearing a waste role is consumed to produce an output which bears a resource role.
https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=2260
carbon-bearing gas emission process
A carbon emission process is any environmental process which outputs a carbon-bearing gas.
Requested for SDGIO. Likely to be revised.
carbon emission process
land consumption process
These anthropogenic ecosystems may include urban or other built-up settlements or anthropogenic ecosystems used for activities such as forestry or agriculture.
A process in which natural ecosystems present over an expanse of land are removed and replaced with anthropogenic ecosystems.
An SDGIO request. Likely to be refined and revised. This looks like an aggregate class, subsuming a range of processes which can lead to degradation.
A process in which natural ecosystems present over an expanse of land are removed and replaced with anthropogenic ecosystems.
Adapted from EEA (1997) The concept of environmental space, Copenhagen, URL: http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/92-9167-078-2/at_download/file
human dwelling
A self-contained constructed feature used by one or more households as a home, such as a house, apartment, mobile home, houseboat or other 'substantial' structure. A dwelling typically includes nearby outbuildings, sheds etc. within the curtilage of the property, excluding any 'open fields beyond'. It has significance in relation to search and seizure, conveyancing of real property, burglary, trespass, and land use planning.
See https://github.com/EnvironmentOntology/envo/issues/264 for discussion. This definition needs a lot of clean up and links to household and related classes must be made to form logical definitions for inference to work.
Subclasses will be added by inference.
A self-contained constructed feature used by one or more households as a home, such as a house, apartment, mobile home, houseboat or other 'substantial' structure. A dwelling typically includes nearby outbuildings, sheds etc. within the curtilage of the property, excluding any 'open fields beyond'. It has significance in relation to search and seizure, conveyancing of real property, burglary, trespass, and land use planning.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwelling accessed 11/25/2015
area of perennial snow
nlcd2011
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of snow, present throughout multiple years, in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
This class covers part of the NLCD "Perennial Ice/Snow" class.
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of snow, present throughout multiple years, in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
area of perennial ice or snow
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of snow or water ice, present throughout multiple years, in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
nlcd2011
According to the NLCD 2011, these areas are characterised by ice and/or snow cover generally greater than 25% of total cover. The definition of perennial needs clarification.
perennial ice/snow
NLCD:12
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of snow or water ice, present throughout multiple years, in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
regolith
A layer of loose, heterogeneous, superficial material covering solid rock. It includes dust, soil, broken rock, and other related materials.
The various parts of the regolith are highly variable. Perhaps some sort of "unconsolidated" quality should be used here with "environmental material" to cover this scope. Note that organisms, their parts, or their derivatives are also included.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regolith
A layer of loose, heterogeneous, superficial material covering solid rock. It includes dust, soil, broken rock, and other related materials.
continental crust
This is an Earth-centred class, but can be generalised to include other planetary bodies.
A layer of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks that forms continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves.
On Earth, all continental crust ultimately derives from the fractional differentiation of oceanic crust over many eons.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crust_(geology)
A layer of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks that forms continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves.
On Earth, all continental crust ultimately derives from the fractional differentiation of oceanic crust over many eons.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_crust
oceanic crust
Oceanic crust is the uppermost layer of the oceanic portion of a tectonic plate.
Oceanic crust is the uppermost layer of the oceanic portion of a tectonic plate.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crust_(geology)
Mohorovi�ić discontinuity
The Mohorovi�ić discontinuity, usually referred to as the Moho, is the boundary between the Earth's crust and the mantle, indicating a change in composition.
This is and Earth-centred definition, but can likely be applied to other differentiated planetary bodies.
Moho
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohorovi%C4%8Di%C4%87_discontinuity
The Mohorovi�ić discontinuity, usually referred to as the Moho, is the boundary between the Earth's crust and the mantle, indicating a change in composition.
bedrock
A lithified mass of rock that lies under the loose softer material (regolith) at the surface of the Earth or other terrestrial planet.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedrock
A lithified mass of rock that lies under the loose softer material (regolith) at the surface of the Earth or other terrestrial planet.
area of barren land
nlcd2011
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of bedrock, desert pavement, scarp rock, talus, material exposed by slides, volcanic material, glacial debris, sand, material exposed during strip mining, gravel, and other accumulations of earthen material in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
NLCD:31
Barren Land (Rock/Sand/Clay)
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of barren land generally have less than 15% cover of vegetation. A specific threshold is not asserted in this definition.
The range of entities that are considered "barren land" are not exhaustive, making axiomatisation risky at this stage.
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily composed of bedrock, desert pavement, scarp rock, talus, material exposed by slides, volcanic material, glacial debris, sand, material exposed during strip mining, gravel, and other accumulations of earthen material in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
air temperature
ENVO:09200001
true
Draft class. In discussion in Issue #278.
A temperature that inheres in some portion of air.
A temperature that inheres in some portion of air.
URL:https://github.com/EnvironmentOntology/envo/issues/278
fumarole-derived ice tower
ice tower
ice chimney
A hollow tower of ice formed by the freezing of steam escaping a fumarole.
aeroform
This may not need to be in the atmosphere.
An aeroform is a geographic feature which is primarily composed of a continuous volume of gaseous or aerosolised material held in shape by one or more environmental processes.
Similar, in spirit, to landform. This class may need to be split into aerosols and 'pure' volumes of gas.
obsolete vegetable
true
According to the FAO definition, vegetables grown principally for animal feed or seed should be separated from those grown for human consumption. They both, however, fall under the label "vegetable".
This class represents a somewhat arbitrary grouping of plant products which varies along various axes (socio-political, economic, cultural, etc). It's likely we'll need to create more informative subclasses and use synonomy to tie them together.
obsolete fruit
true
This class represents a somewhat arbitrary grouping of plant products which varies along various axes (socio-political, economic, cultural, etc). It's likely we'll need to create more informative subclasses and use synonomy to tie them together.
obsolete nut
true
This class represents a somewhat arbitrary grouping of plant products which varies along various axes (socio-political, economic, cultural, etc). It's likely we'll need to create more informative subclasses and use synonomy to tie them together. The definition, too, requires greater refinement.
obsolete legume
true
cloud
A cloud is a visible mass of aerosolised liquid droplets or frozen crystals suspended in an atmosphere above the surface of a planetary body. On Earth clouds are formed by the saturation of air in the homosphere when air cools or gains water vapor.
Note that this class describes clouds as countable objects, rather than 'cloud material'. It also refers to water-based clouds.
cloud mass
A cloud is a visible mass of aerosolised liquid droplets or frozen crystals suspended in an atmosphere above the surface of a planetary body. On Earth clouds are formed by the saturation of air in the homosphere when air cools or gains water vapor.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud
polar stratospheric cloud
Polar stratospheric clouds are clouds which form in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 metres and which support chemical reactions that produce active chlorine and remove gaseous nitric acid, catalysing ozone destruction.
PSC
This class should be linked to ozone layer depletion processes.
nacreous cloud
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_stratospheric_cloud
Polar stratospheric clouds are clouds which form in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 metres and which support chemical reactions that produce active chlorine and remove gaseous nitric acid, catalysing ozone destruction.
sparsely populated settlement
A settlement with a low density of buildings and inhabitants.
The thresholds for what makes a settlment "sparsely populated" can be determined as needed. These are usually "sparse" in relation to urban environments. If there is a specific threshold that should be added to ENVO, please make a new class request.
rural settlement
A settlement which has lower population density than a town, city, or other urban environment and is primarily used for agricultural or pastoral activity.
A class created fro SDGIO. The definition of rural is highly varied, dealing with areas, settlements, and populations interchangeably. The 'rural' classes in ENVO aim to clarify these differing definitions. See issue #272.
A settlement which has lower population density than a town, city, or other urban environment and is primarily used for agricultural or pastoral activity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural_area
http://www.fao.org/docrep/015/am085e/am085e.pdf
formal settlement
A settlement which has been established and is managed through officially sanctioned processes and is recognised as legal by a competent authority.
This is merely a defined class and should not have too many subclasses.
informal settlement
Informal settlements need not be illegal.
This is merely a defined class and should not have too many subclasses.
Can a formerly formal settlement become an informal settlement?
A settlement which is not associated with or directed by official planning processes and which typically lacks municipal services and infrastructure such as sanitation, water services, and waste management services.
legal settlement
A settlement on land that the inhabitants have a legal claim to.
This is merely a defined class and should not have too many subclasses.
illegal settlement
A settlement on land that the inhabitants have no legal claim to or occupy illegally.
This is merely a defined class and should not have too many subclasses.
http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=1351
A settlement on land that the inhabitants have no legal claim to or occupy illegally.
primary forest
Forest which originally covered a region before changes in the environment brought about by people. (Source: PHC)
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept?cp=6622
Forest which originally covered a region before changes in the environment brought about by people. (Source: PHC)
carbon dioxide emission process
A carbon emission process is any environmental process which releases carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere.
Requested for SDGIO. This class may be revised in future once the offical definitions become more clear.
carbon dioxide emission
A volume of carbon dioxide gas emitted by a carbon dioxide emission process.
This is a working definition for #280. Which processes will ultimately be included in the axioms is still open.
all season road
permanent road
A road which is usable across all seasons.
Created for SDGIO, indicator 9.1.1. See #272.
all-season road
http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/WorldStats/ADI-access-season-road-definition.html
A road which is usable across all seasons.
rural area
A class created fro SDGIO. The definition of rural is highly varied, dealing with areas, settlements, and populations interchangeably. The 'rural' classes in ENVO aim to clarify these differing definitions. See issue #272.
An area which is outside of a town, city, or urban area. Rural areas are primarily used for agriculture or pastoralism and may contain rural settlements.
http://www.fao.org/docrep/015/am085e/am085e.pdf
An area which is outside of a town, city, or urban area. Rural areas are primarily used for agriculture or pastoralism and may contain rural settlements.
village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town, with a population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods. Villages are normally permanent, with fixed dwellings; however, transient villages can occur. Further, the dwellings of a village are fairly close to one another, not scattered broadly over the landscape, as a dispersed settlement.
This class may be split. "urban village" doesn't sit well and prevents relations to village biomes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town, with a population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods. Villages are normally permanent, with fixed dwellings; however, transient villages can occur. Further, the dwellings of a village are fairly close to one another, not scattered broadly over the landscape, as a dispersed settlement.
oligotrophic lake
A lake which has nutrient-poor water.
See issue #282
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophic_state_index
A lake which has nutrient-poor water.
mesotrophic lake
A lake with medium nutrient levels, which allow moderate productivity.
What constitutes a "medium" nutrient level is subject to debate. The thresholds should be set either on a data level or through new subclasses.
See Issue #281.
piece of plastic
An abiotic mesoscopic physical object which is primarily composed of plastic.
nurdle
A cylindrical shaped pre-production plastic pellet used in manufacturing and packaging.
See Issue #289.
A cylindrical shaped pre-production plastic pellet used in manufacturing and packaging.
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nurdle
important site
Ramsar Sites
The selection process which determines the whether an area is an important site must follow the best practice specifications and guidelines developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), using globally standardised criteria and thresholds. Note that the label 'important site' is chosen to align with SDGIO. The definition is that of "key biodiversity area".
Important Mammal Area
Prime Butterfly Area
Ecologically and Biologically Significant Area
Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites
IUCN Important Site for Freshwater Biodiversity
key biodiversity area
Important Bird Area
Important Plant Area
The narrow synonyms will be made into subclasses in their own right.
Important Site for Freshwater Biodiversity
An environmental zone which contains, as determined by an officially mandated selection process, one or more ecosystems which include, as parts, ecological communities of global significance for conservation due to their vulnerability and irreplaceability.
http://www.iucn.org/about/union/secretariat/offices/iucnmed/iucn_med_programme/species/key_biodiversity_areas/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_Biodiversity_Area
An environmental zone which contains, as determined by an officially mandated selection process, one or more ecosystems which include, as parts, ecological communities of global significance for conservation due to their vulnerability and irreplaceability.
public infrastructure
infrastructure
We label this as 'public infrastructure', as the OECD definition refers specifically to public constructed features. The parts of public infrastructure are not exhaustive and should be extended as needed.
The system of public works in a country, state or region, including roads, utility lines and public buildings.
https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=4511
The system of public works in a country, state or region, including roads, utility lines and public buildings.
public road
This class is created for the SDGIO and the 'public infrastructure' class. The publically accessible attribute could be axiomatised.
A road which is publically accessible.
public building
A building which is publically accessible.
Created for SDGIO, we treat "public" as "publically accessible" where the semantics of access are dealt with in SDGIO.
utility line
A cable used to trasmit electricity from its point of production to its point of consumption.
public utility line
A utility line which services the public power grid.
Created for SDGIO, we treat "public" as "publically accessible" where the semantics of access are dealt with in SDGIO.
illegal informal settlement
A populated place where groups of housing units have been constructed on land that the occupants have no legal claim to, or occupy illegally, or where dwellings are not in compliance with current planning and building regulations.
Informal settlements may be urban or rural.
informal settlement
unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/SeriesF/SeriesF_67E.pdf
A populated place where groups of housing units have been constructed on land that the occupants have no legal claim to, or occupy illegally, or where dwellings are not in compliance with current planning and building regulations.
material extraction process
A planned process during which a portion of environmental material is removed from a material entity.
Created for SDGIO and intended to be a more general form of resource extraction process.
This should be an OBI planned process. Pending import.
fire
A fire is a process whereby rapid and exothermic oxidation of a material through a combustion process releases heat, light, and other products.
Not to be confused with a flame - the visible portion of gas released by a fire . Oxidation processes such as rusting or biological digestion are not subsumed here.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept?cp=3212
A fire is a process whereby rapid and exothermic oxidation of a material through a combustion process releases heat, light, and other products.
wildfire
A conflagration which is uncontrolled and combusts material in a vegetated area, be it rural or wild.
wildland fire
The definition of "wildland" or "wild" is ambiguous.
environmental_hazards
conflagration
A fire which occurs in a large spatial area poses a risk to human life, animal life, health, and/or property.
large fire
blaze
A fire which occurs in a large spatial area poses a risk to human life, animal life, health, and/or property.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflagration
flame
A portion of gas which is emitted by a fire or other exothermic reaction, is of increased temperature, and typically emits light in the visible range.
A portion of gas which is emitted by a fire or other exothermic reaction, is of increased temperature, and typically emits light in the visible range.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame
hydrocarbon flame
A flame which is produced by the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel.
forest fire
A wildfire which occurs in a forest, primarily consuming vegetation as fuel.
mass gaseous flow
wind
This class refers to all forms of "wind": from the familiar movement of air in the Earth's atmosphere to the solar wind. Use a subclass to be more precise.
A process whereby a large volume of gas moves due to a disequilibrium of physical forces.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind
A process whereby a large volume of gas moves due to a disequilibrium of physical forces.
atmospheric wind
A mass gaseous flow which occurrs in a planet's atmosphere due to internal pressure disequilibria.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind
A mass gaseous flow which occurrs in a planet's atmosphere due to internal pressure disequilibria.
stellar wind
Solar wind
A stream of plasma primarily composed of electrons, protons, and alpha particles ejected from the upper atmosphere of a star.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_wind
A stream of plasma primarily composed of electrons, protons, and alpha particles ejected from the upper atmosphere of a star.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind
planetary wind
A mass gaseous flow in which planetary atmospheric gases flow into outer space.
atmospheric escape
mass plasma flow
gaseous environmental material
This class is to be populated by inference.
gas
A material entity which is composed of one or more chemical entities and has neither independent shape nor volume but tends to expand indefinitely.
A material entity which is composed of one or more chemical entities and has neither independent shape nor volume but tends to expand indefinitely.
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gas
plasma
A material entity which is composed of a volume of unbound positive and negative particles in roughly equal numbers, conducts electricity, and possesses internal magnetic fields.
An NTR for `quality of a plasma` has been posted on the PATO tracker: https://github.com/pato-ontology/pato/issues/88
A material entity which is composed of a volume of unbound positive and negative particles in roughly equal numbers, conducts electricity, and possesses internal magnetic fields.
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plasma
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_%28physics%29
astronomical body
celestial body
Astronomical bodies are usually cohesive, thus the use of the term 'object' sensu BFO 'object'.
An object which is naturally occuring, bound together by gravitational or electromagnetic forces, and surrounded by space.
An object which is naturally occuring, bound together by gravitational or electromagnetic forces, and surrounded by space.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_object
planet
A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.
Considerable debate on the definition of planet exists.
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/whatisaplanet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet
A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.
star
An astronomical object which is composed primarily of luminous plasma held in a spherical form by gravitational forces.
Add qualities such as spherical. Request NTRs if not available in PATO.
An astronomical object which is composed primarily of luminous plasma held in a spherical form by gravitational forces.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star
planetary moon
At times, a moon is equated to a natural satellite, however, the latter class includes a broader range of entities. Here, we currently separate moons from other satellites. We can create a logical definition of satellite using an orbital process class.
natural satellite
An astronomical body which orbits a planet of comparatively greater mass.
moon
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/solarsystem/sats
An astronomical body which orbits a planet of comparatively greater mass.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_satellite
asteroid
This class is hard to define and is sometimes treated as equivalent to 'minor planet'.
astronomical object
1
celestial object
If there is only one astronomical body involved, this class is equivalent to ENVO:01000799. This may be problematic with reasoning, but it seems to be true to the rather fuzzy definitions found thus far.
An object which is composed of one or more gravitationally bound structures that are associated with a position in space.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_object
An object which is composed of one or more gravitationally bound structures that are associated with a position in space.
globular star cluster
There is a need to account for open star clusters which are not gravitationally bound. This would need a superclass other than 'astronomical object', as currently defined.
A group of gravitationally bound stars.
A group of gravitationally bound stars.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_cluster
nebula
An interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebula
An interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases
galaxy
A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy
A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter.
dwarf planet
Considerable debate on this definition exists.
An astronomical body which is in direct orbit of a star and is massive enough for its own gravity to compress it into a shape preserved by hydrostatic equilibrium (usually a spheroid), but which shares its orbit with other bodies, such as asteroids or comets.
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/Dwarf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_planet
An astronomical body which is in direct orbit of a star and is massive enough for its own gravity to compress it into a shape preserved by hydrostatic equilibrium (usually a spheroid), but which shares its orbit with other bodies, such as asteroids or comets.
minor planet
This definition is in need of revision - it relies on negation and seems to straddle class and instance level. The definitional space here is contested and quite inhomogeneous.
A minor planet is an astronomical object in direct orbit around the Sun that is neither a planet nor exclusively classified as a comet. Minor planets can be dwarf planets, asteroids, trojans, centaurs, Kuiper belt objects, and other trans-Neptunian objects.
"Before 2006, the IAU had officially used the term minor planet. During its 2006 meeting, the IAU reclassified minor planets and comets into dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies (SSSB). Objects are called dwarf planets if their self-gravity is sufficient to achieve hydrostatic equilibrium and form an ellipsoidal shape. All other minor planets and comets are called small Solar System bodies. The IAU stated that the term minor planet may still be used, but the term small Solar System body will be preferred. However, for purposes of numbering and naming, the traditional distinction between minor planet and comet is still used."
A minor planet is an astronomical object in direct orbit around the Sun that is neither a planet nor exclusively classified as a comet. Minor planets can be dwarf planets, asteroids, trojans, centaurs, Kuiper belt objects, and other trans-Neptunian objects.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minor_planet
"Before 2006, the IAU had officially used the term minor planet. During its 2006 meeting, the IAU reclassified minor planets and comets into dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies (SSSB). Objects are called dwarf planets if their self-gravity is sufficient to achieve hydrostatic equilibrium and form an ellipsoidal shape. All other minor planets and comets are called small Solar System bodies. The IAU stated that the term minor planet may still be used, but the term small Solar System body will be preferred. However, for purposes of numbering and naming, the traditional distinction between minor planet and comet is still used."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minor_planet
planetary atmosphere
An atmosphere which surrounds a planet.
nitrogen-oxygen planetary atmosphere
A planetary atmosphere which is composted primarily of dinitrogen and dioxygen gas.
An instance of this class would be Earth's atmosphere.
desert pavement
serir
reg
saï
gibber
A desert surface covered with closely packed, interlocking angular or rounded rock fragments of pebble and cobble size.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert_pavement
A desert surface covered with closely packed, interlocking angular or rounded rock fragments of pebble and cobble size.
astronomical body part
A material part of an astronomical body.
solid environmental material
An environmental material which is in a solid state.
This is a defined class: its subclasses will not be asserted, but filled by inference.
liquid environmental material
An environmental material which is in a liquid state.
This is a defined class: its subclasses will not be asserted, but filled by inference.
area of deciduous forest
deciduous forest
nlcd2011
NLCD:41
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of deciduous forest are dominated by trees generally greater than 5 meters tall, and making up more than 20% of total vegetation cover. The NLCD 2011 continues to state that more than 75% of these trees should shed foliage simultaneously in response to seasonal change. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not asserted in this definition.
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by a forest in which the majority of trees shed foliage simultaneously in response to seasonal change. The surfaces of this area (including the surface of the forest canopy) are in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by a forest in which the majority of trees shed foliage simultaneously in response to seasonal change. The surfaces of this area (including the surface of the forest canopy) are in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
biosphere
Whether this class should be grouped with classes such as "hydrosphere" and "cryosphere" requires some discussion.
The gravitational sphere of influence referenced in this class' definition is the Hill sphere: a region in which an object dominates the attraction of satellites despite gravitational perturbations.
A biosphere is an environmental system which includes, as parts, all the living entities within the gravitational sphere of influence of an astronomical body, and the non-living and dead entities which they interact with.
A biosphere is an environmental system which includes, as parts, all the living entities within the gravitational sphere of influence of an astronomical body, and the non-living and dead entities which they interact with.
http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Biosphere
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosphere
cryosphere
A cryosphere is that part of a planet which is primarily composed of water is in solid form.
This is a very broad and, in practice, poorly defined term. Please consider using or requesting a more specific class.
A cryosphere is that part of a planet which is primarily composed of water is in solid form.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryosphere
hydrosphere
This is a very broad and, in practice, poorly defined term. Please consider using or requesting a more specific class.
An astronomical body part which is composed of the combined mass of water found on, under, and over the surface of a planet.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrosphere
An astronomical body part which is composed of the combined mass of water found on, under, and over the surface of a planet.
pedosphere
This is a very broad and, in practice, poorly defined term. Please consider using or requesting a more specific class.
An astronomical body part which is composed of soil, subject to soil formation processes, and found on the surface of a lithosphere.
An astronomical body part which is composed of soil, subject to soil formation processes, and found on the surface of a lithosphere.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedosphere
photosphere
An astronomical body part which is composed of those parts of a star, distal from the star's core, from which light is radiated into space.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosphere
An astronomical body part which is composed of those parts of a star, distal from the star's core, from which light is radiated into space.
planetary photic zone
photosphere
A planetary part which is exposed, at least periodically, to light.
In some literature, the term photosphere is used; however, this is more correctly reserved for a part of a star.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1155495
A planetary part which is exposed, at least periodically, to light.
illuminated biosphere part
An astronomical body part which includes those parts of a biosphere that are, at least periodically, illuminated and in which photosynthesis may occur.
Somewhat awkward at the moment, see #314.
An astronomical body part which includes those parts of a biosphere that are, at least periodically, illuminated and in which photosynthesis may occur.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1155495
exorheic lake
open lake
A lake from which water constantly flows out of under almost all climatic circumstances, maintaining low concentrations of dissolved solid relative to endorheic lakes.
A lake from which water constantly flows out of under almost all climatic circumstances, maintaining low concentrations of dissolved solid relative to endorheic lakes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_and_closed_lakes
eaves
A part of a building roof which overhangs the face of a wall and, normally, projects beyond the side of a building.
A part of a building roof which overhangs the face of a wall and, normally, projects beyond the side of a building.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eaves
open eaves
Overhanging eaves where the rafters and underside of the roof are visible from below.
Open eaves. (n.d.) McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. (2003). Retrieved May 16 2016 from http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Open+eaves
Overhanging eaves where the rafters and underside of the roof are visible from below.
closed eaves
Eaves in which projecting roof members are not visible, being closed from view by boarding.
closed eaves. (n.d.) McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. (2003). Retrieved May 16 2016 from http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/closed+eaves
Eaves in which projecting roof members are not visible, being closed from view by boarding.
humid air
Air which has increased levels of water vapour.
water vapour saturated air
"Near equal" is meant to reflect that there will be fluctuations around the equilibrium point.
Air which has a partial pressure of water vapour equal or near equal to its equilibrium vapor pressure at a given temperature.
wet air
water-vapour-saturated air
water-based rainfall
rainfall
rain fall
A hydrological precipitation process in which atmospheric water vapour condenses to form droplets of liquid water massive enough to fall to a planetary surface due to the planet's gravity.
This is the process which typically happens on Earth. Other planets may have different liquids involved in the process.
rain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rain
A hydrological precipitation process in which atmospheric water vapour condenses to form droplets of liquid water massive enough to fall to a planetary surface due to the planet's gravity.
droplet
drop
No attempt is made to differentiate between drops and droplets. This may be added, if requested.
A droplet is a small column of liquid, bounded completely or almost completely by free surfaces which maintains its shape due to the surface tension of the liquid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drop_%28liquid%29
A droplet is a small column of liquid, bounded completely or almost completely by free surfaces which maintains its shape due to the surface tension of the liquid.
raindrop
A droplet formed by condensation of vapour in an atmosphere and which is sufficiently massive to overcome atmospheric resistance and fall to a planetary surface due to gravity.
water droplet
A droplet of water
A defined class which should be filled by inference.
water raindrop
raindrop
This is the class intended for use when describing raindrops on Earth. These typically have a diamter of 0.1 to 9 millimetres.
cloud droplet
A droplet which is spherical in shape and suspended in an atmosphere, being of too small a mass to be pulled to a planetary surface by gravity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rain
A droplet which is spherical in shape and suspended in an atmosphere, being of too small a mass to be pulled to a planetary surface by gravity.
water-based cloud droplet
water based cloud droplet
cloud droplet
cloud drop
A cloud droplet composed primarily of water.
virga
A process in which precipitation falls from a cloud but evaporates or sublimes before making contact with a planetary surface.
A process in which precipitation falls from a cloud but evaporates or sublimes before making contact with a planetary surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rain
smoke
Smoke is a collection of airborne solid and liquid particulates and gases emitted when a material undergoes combustion or pyrolysis, together with the quantity of gas that is entrained or otherwise mixed into the mass
Smoke is a collection of airborne solid and liquid particulates and gases emitted when a material undergoes combustion or pyrolysis, together with the quantity of gas that is entrained or otherwise mixed into the mass
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke
combustion process
Combustion or burning is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidant that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.
Unlike the "combustion" class in the Chemical Methods Ontology, this class is not necessarily a planned process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHMO_0001473
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion
Combustion or burning is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidant that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.
thermolysis
pyrolysis
A thermolysis process in which organic material is decomposed in the absence of oxygen.
smog
A fog which is intermixed with smoke or other combustion products and their derivatives.
area of evergreen forest
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by a forest in which the majority of trees maintain their foliage despite seasonal change. The surfaces of this area (including the surface of the forest canopy) are in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
nlcd2011
NLCD:42
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of evergreen forest are dominated by trees generally greater than 5 meters tall, and making up more than 20% of total vegetation cover. The NLCD 2011 continues to state that more than 75% of these trees should maintain their foliage despite seasonal change - the canopy is never without green foliage. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not asserted in this definition.
evergreen forest
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by a forest in which the majority of trees maintain their foliage despite seasonal change. The surfaces of this area (including the surface of the forest canopy) are in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
fog
A visible mass of cloud water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air at or near a planetary surface.
haar
This class refers only to fog formed by materials primarily composed of water. "Fog can be considered a type of low-lying cloud and is heavily influenced by nearby bodies of water, topography, and wind conditions. In turn, fog has affected many human activities, such as shipping, travel, and warfare." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog
A visible mass of cloud water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air at or near a planetary surface.
crystal
This class refers to a portion of crystal and not an individual crystal.
A solid material whose constituents, such as atoms, molecules or ions, are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal
A solid material whose constituents, such as atoms, molecules or ions, are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.
water ice crystal
A crystal which is primarily composed of water ice.
ice crystal
hair ice
A type of water ice that forms on dead wood with the assistance of the fungus Exidiopsis effusa and takes the shape of fine, silky hair.
ice wool
frost beard
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_ice
A type of water ice that forms on dead wood with the assistance of the fungus Exidiopsis effusa and takes the shape of fine, silky hair.
flower strip
A vegetated area which includes a community of flowering plants that provide food for local pollinators.
Flower strips are often the last refuge organsims whose habitats have been replaced by croplands, urban areas, and othe anthropogenic environments. This has considerable consequences for pollination and other ecosystem services.
This may or may not be an anthropogenic environment, but its boundaries are maintained by human activity.
A vegetated area which includes a community of flowering plants that provide food for local pollinators.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12605
https://jappliedecologyblog.wordpress.com/2016/02/09/flower-strips-support-ecosystem-services-only-when-they-have-the-right-flowers/?platform=hootsuite
Flower strips are often the last refuge organsims whose habitats have been replaced by croplands, urban areas, and othe anthropogenic environments. This has considerable consequences for pollination and other ecosystem services.
flower-rich field margin strip
Flower strips are often the last refuge organsims whose habitats have been replaced by croplands, urban areas, and othe anthropogenic environments. This has considerable consequences for pollination and other ecosystem services.
A flower strip which is present at the margins of cultivated fields.
https://jappliedecologyblog.wordpress.com/2016/02/09/flower-strips-support-ecosystem-services-only-when-they-have-the-right-flowers/?platform=hootsuite
Flower strips are often the last refuge organsims whose habitats have been replaced by croplands, urban areas, and othe anthropogenic environments. This has considerable consequences for pollination and other ecosystem services.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12605
A flower strip which is present at the margins of cultivated fields.
clathrate material
clathrate compound material
This class is not to be confused with CHEBI's "clathrate". The latter refers to the pure substance, while this class refers to clathrates found in nature.
"Traditionally, clathrate compounds are polymeric and completely envelop the guest molecule, but in modern usage clathrates also include host-guest complexes and inclusion compounds." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clathrate_compound
Not sure if this should be a subclass of crystal. If it is removed, remember to assert that it is a solid.
A material which is primarily composed of a substance arranged as a lattice which can trap or contain other molecules.
clathrate crystal material
A material which is primarily composed of a substance arranged as a lattice which can trap or contain other molecules.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clathrate_compound
methane clathrate
A clathrate material in which a large amount of methane is trapped within a crystal structure of water, forming a solid similar to ice.
methane ice
hydromethane
fire ice
methane hydrate
natural gas hydrate
gas hydrate
A clathrate material in which a large amount of methane is trapped within a crystal structure of water, forming a solid similar to ice.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane_clathrate
coral bleaching process
orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-8114
Add relations to coral organisms in NCBI taxonomy.
coral bleaching
An environmental process in which coral expels the symbiotic algae living in its tissue as a result of stress, causing the coral to turn white.
http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/coral_bleach.html
An environmental process in which coral expels the symbiotic algae living in its tissue as a result of stress, causing the coral to turn white.
marl
A request from the Agronomy Ontology in Issue #345.
Marl is a mass of calcium carbonate derived from mollusk shells and mixed with silt and clay.
Marl is a mass of calcium carbonate derived from mollusk shells and mixed with silt and clay.
http://corn.agronomy.wisc.edu/Management/pdfs/a3671.pdf
tropical marine coral reef biome
A marine coral reef biome which is occurs in a region with a tropical climate.
wwfBiome
area of mixed forest
NLCD:43
nlcd2011
mixed forest
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by a forest in which the majority of trees maintain their foliage despite seasonal change. The surfaces of this area (including the surface of the forest canopy) are in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of mixed forest are dominated by trees generally greater than 5 meters tall, and making up more than 20% of total vegetation cover. The NLCD 2011 continues to state that neither deciduous or evergreen trees make up more than 75% of the total tree cover. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not asserted in this definition.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by a forest in which the majority of trees maintain their foliage despite seasonal change. The surfaces of this area (including the surface of the forest canopy) are in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
temperate marginal sea biome
wwfBiome
A component of the WWF Temperate Shelf and seas ecoregions grouping
temperate mediterranean sea biome
wwfBiome
marine upwelling biome
A marine biome which contains communities adapted to living in an environment determined by an upwelling process.
tropical marine upwelling biome
wwfBiome
temperate marine upwelling biome
wwfBiome
area of dwarf scrub
dwarf scrub
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of dwarf scrub are dominated by shrubs less than 20 centimeters tall with shrub canopy typically greater than 20% of total vegetation. This type is often co-associated with grasses, sedges, herbs, and non-vascular vegetation. The NLCD 2011 notes that this is intended as an Alaska only land cover. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not asserted in this definition.
area of subshrub
NLCD:51
nlcd2011
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by shrubs with ground-hugging stems or low growth habit, in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
As noted in Wikipedia: "Because the criteria are matters of degree rather than of kind, the definition of a subshrub is not sharply distinguishable from that of a shrub"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subshrub
As noted in Wikipedia: "Because the criteria are matters of degree rather than of kind, the definition of a subshrub is not sharply distinguishable from that of a shrub"
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by shrubs with ground-hugging stems or low growth habit, in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subshrub
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
turbulent aquatic surface layer
overfall
A turbulent surface layer of a water body maintained by strong currents setting over submerged ridges or shoals or by winds opposing a current.
This should likely be a part of the surface layer rather than a subclass.
A turbulent surface layer of a water body maintained by strong currents setting over submerged ridges or shoals or by winds opposing a current.
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/overfall
overflow structure
A structure which is built into the container of a water body which allows water to flow out of the container when the volume of the water contained exceeds that of its cavity.
overfall
A structure which is built into the container of a water body which allows water to flow out of the container when the volume of the water contained exceeds that of its cavity.
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/overfall
mouth of liquid discharge conduit
overfall
A site at the terminus of a liquid conveyance conduit where the liquid carried is discharged into the sea or a river.
A site at the terminus of a liquid conveyance conduit where the liquid carried is discharged into the sea or a river.
http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/overfall
electric power system
An electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transfer and use electric power.
An electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transfer and use electric power.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power_system
photovoltaic system
A photovoltaic system is a power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics. It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity, a solar inverter to change the electric current from DC to AC, as well as mounting, cabling and other electrical accessories to set up a working system.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system
A photovoltaic system is a power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics. It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity, a solar inverter to change the electric current from DC to AC, as well as mounting, cabling and other electrical accessories to set up a working system.
solar panel array
photovoltaic panel array
A group of solar panels, typically belonging to the same photovoltaic system, arranged to maximise interception of solar radiation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system
A group of solar panels, typically belonging to the same photovoltaic system, arranged to maximise interception of solar radiation.
domestic solar panel array
domestic photovoltaic panel array
A solar panel array that is integrated into the power system of a human dwelling.
area of scrub
NLCD:52
As noted in Wikipedia: "Because the criteria are matters of degree rather than of kind, the definition of a subshrub is not sharply distinguishable from that of a shrub"
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of scrub or shrub are dominated by shrubs; less than 5 meters tall with shrub canopy typically greater than 20% of total vegetation. This class includes true shrubs, young trees in an early successional stage or trees stunted from environmental conditions. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not asserted in this definition.
nlcd2011
shrub/scrub
area of shrub
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subshrub
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.07.014
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subshrub
As noted in Wikipedia: "Because the criteria are matters of degree rather than of kind, the definition of a subshrub is not sharply distinguishable from that of a shrub"
ground deformation process
This is a class to be filled by inference.
A process in which a solid planetary surface is deformed.
puddle of water
This class refers only to puddles of water, see https://github.com/EnvironmentOntology/envo/issues/337
A puddle is a small accumulation of water, on a surface. It can form either by pooling in a depression on the surface, or by surface tension upon a flat surface.
A puddle is a small accumulation of water, on a surface. It can form either by pooling in a depression on the surface, or by surface tension upon a flat surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puddle
balast water
Ballast water is water contained in the ballast tanks of sea-going vessels.
Ballast water is water contained in the ballast tanks of sea-going vessels.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailing_ballast#Water_ballast
http://www.nature.com/news/four-routes-to-better-maritime-governance-1.21051?WT.mc_id=TWT_NatureNews
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballast_water_discharge_and_the_environment
ballast tank
Consider using http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 as a super-class
A ballast tank is a compartment within a boat, ship or other floating structure that holds water, which is used as ballast to provide stability for a vessel.
A ballast tank is a compartment within a boat, ship or other floating structure that holds water, which is used as ballast to provide stability for a vessel.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballast_tank
hailfall
environmental_hazards
hail fall
Hailfall is a hydrological process in which balls or irregular lumps of water ice formed in thunderstorm or cumulonimbus clouds fall to a planetary surface.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hail
Hailfall is a hydrological process in which balls or irregular lumps of water ice formed in thunderstorm or cumulonimbus clouds fall to a planetary surface.
precipitation process
A precipitation process is a process in which a portion of some substance segregates from a material in which that substance or its precursors were dissolved or suspended in and settles due to a force such as gravity or centrifugal force.
A precipitation process is a process in which a portion of some substance segregates from a material in which that substance or its precursors were dissolved or suspended in and settles due to a force such as gravity or centrifugal force.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precipitation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precipitation_%28chemistry%29
storm
The threshold of what constitutes "strong" perturbation is not defined here due to considerable semantic variation. If a specific threshold is required, please request a new term.
A storm is an environmental process in which an environmental system and the processes it participates in are strongly perturbed.
environmental_hazards
atmospheric storm
environmental_hazards
An atmospheric storm is a process in which a portion of an astronomical body's atmosphere is strongly perturbed from its prevaling weather.
An atmospheric storm is a process in which a portion of an astronomical body's atmosphere is strongly perturbed from its prevaling weather.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storm
thunderstorm
lightning storm
An atmospheric storm which occurs in cumulonimbus clouds and during which lightning and thunder occur.
electrical storm
environmental_hazards
Thunderstorms may or may not involve processes which result in strong winds, heavy rain, snow, sleet, hail, or other forms of precipitation.
rainstorm
environmental_hazards
An atmospheric storm during which intense rainfall occurs.
hailstorm
An atmospheric storm which intense hailfall occurs.
environmental_hazards
snowstorm
environmental_hazards
An atmospheric storm during which intense snowfall occurs.
icestorm
glaze event
silver thaw
An atmospheric storm during which freezing rain falls and accumulates as ice on exposed surfaces.
environmental_hazards
The U.S. National Weather Service defines an ice storm as a storm which results in the accumulation of at least 0.25-inch (6.4 mm) of ice on exposed surfaces.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_storm
The U.S. National Weather Service defines an ice storm as a storm which results in the accumulation of at least 0.25-inch (6.4 mm) of ice on exposed surfaces.
Hauer RJ, Dawson JO, Werner LP (2006) Trees and Ice Storms - The Development of Ice Storm-Resistant Urban Tree Populations (2 ed.). College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point, and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences and the Office of Continuing Education, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. http://web.extension.uiuc.edu/forestry/publications/pdf/urban_community_forestry/trees_and_ice_storms_2006.pdf
An atmospheric storm during which freezing rain falls and accumulates as ice on exposed surfaces.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_storm
area of developed open space
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of developed open space are dominated by vegetation such as lawn grasses and include large-lot single-family housing units, parks, golf courses. Further, it is asserted that "impervious surfaces", most likely referring to concrete and related substances, cover less than 20% of the area. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not asserted in this definition.
developed, open space
nlcd2011
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. This would be helped by more clear listings of entities included in this classification. However, the class is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
NLCD:21
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by cultivated or anthropically maintained vegetation planted for recreation, erosion control, or aesthetic purposes interspersed by constructed or manufactured objects and materials. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by cultivated or anthropically maintained vegetation planted for recreation, erosion control, or aesthetic purposes interspersed by constructed or manufactured objects and materials. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
area of developed space with low usage intensity
developed, low intensity
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by cultivated or anthropically maintained vegetation and by constructed or manufactured objects and materials covering up to approximately half its extent. Such areas are used for low intensity purposes such as accommodating collections of single-family residential units. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
NLCD:22
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of developed space under low intensity usage are dominated by vegetation such as lawn grasses and include collections of single-family housing units. Further, it is asserted that "impervious surfaces", most likely referring to concrete and related substances, cover between than 20 - 49% of the area. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition.
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. This would be helped by more clear listings of entities included in this classification. However, the class is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
nlcd2011
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by cultivated or anthropically maintained vegetation and by constructed or manufactured objects and materials covering up to approximately half its extent. Such areas are used for low intensity purposes such as accommodating collections of single-family residential units. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
area of developed space with medium usage intensity
nlcd2011
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. This would be helped by more clear listings of entities included in this classification. However, the class is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
developed, medium intensity
NLCD:23
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of developed space under medium intensity usage are dominated by vegetation such as lawn grasses and include collections of single-family housing units. Further, it is asserted that "impervious surfaces", most likely referring to concrete and related substances, cover between than 50 - 79% of the area. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition.
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by constructed or manufactured objects and materials covering from half to three-forths of its extent and by cultivated or anthropically maintained vegetation. Such areas are used for medium intensity purposes such as accommodating dense collections of single-family residential units. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by constructed or manufactured objects and materials covering from half to three-forths of its extent and by cultivated or anthropically maintained vegetation. Such areas are used for medium intensity purposes such as accommodating dense collections of single-family residential units. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
area of developed space with high usage intensity
According to the NLCD 2011, areas of developed space under high intensity usage are dominated by constructed features where humans reside and work. Examples include apartment complexes, row houses and commercial/industrial facilities. Further, it is asserted that "impervious surfaces", most likely referring to concrete and related substances, cover between than 80 - 100% of the area. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition.
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. This would be helped by more clear listings of entities included in this classification. However, the class is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
nlcd2011
NLCD:24
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by constructed or manufactured objects and materials, possibly interspersed with cultivated or anthropically maintained vegetation. Such areas are used for hgih intensity purposes such as accommodating dense and multi-occupant residential, commercial, and industrial units. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
developed, high intensity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by constructed or manufactured objects and materials, possibly interspersed with cultivated or anthropically maintained vegetation. Such areas are used for hgih intensity purposes such as accommodating dense and multi-occupant residential, commercial, and industrial units. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
area of sedge- and forb-dominated herbaceious vegetation
nlcd2011
sedge/herbaceous
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. However, it is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
According to the NLCD 2011, at least 80% of these areas are covered by sedge or forbs. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition. The NLCD description also notes that land covered by sedge tundra and sedge tussock tundra are subsumed in this category. The original definition notes that this is intended as an "Alaska only" category.
NLCD:72
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by sedges or forbs, possibly interpersed with grasses or grass-like plants. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by sedges or forbs, possibly interpersed with grasses or grass-like plants. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
area of gramanoid or herbaceous vegetation
NLCD:71
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by gramanoid or herbaceous vegetation and which is not subject to intensive management by humans. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
grassland/herbaceous
According to the NLCD 2011, at least 80% of these areas are covered by grasslands or non-woody, herbaceous plants. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition. The NLCD description also notes that, while no "intensive" management such as tilling is performed in these areas, they may be used for grazing.
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. However, it is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
nlcd2011
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by gramanoid or herbaceous vegetation and which is not subject to intensive management by humans. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
area of lichen-dominated vegetation
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. However, it is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by fruticose or foliose lichens and which is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
lichens
According to the NLCD 2011, at least 80% of these areas are covered by lichens. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition. The original definition notes that this is intended as an "Alaska only" category.
nlcd2011
NLCD:73
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by fruticose or foliose lichens and which is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
area of moss-dominated vegetation
NLCD:74
moss
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by mosses and which is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
According to the NLCD 2011, at least 80% of these areas are covered by mosses. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition. The original definition notes that this is intended as an "Alaska only" category.
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. However, it is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
nlcd2011
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by mosses and which is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
area of pastureland or hayfields
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. However, it is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
nlcd2011
pasture/hay
NLCD:81
An area of a planet's surface which is partly covered by planted grasses, legumes, or mixtures of grass and legumes and used for livestock grazing or the production of seed or hay crops. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
According to the NLCD 2011, at least 20% of these areas are covered by pasturelands or hayfields. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition. The NLCD also notes that the crops are grown on a perennial cycle in these areas.
An area of a planet's surface which is partly covered by planted grasses, legumes, or mixtures of grass and legumes and used for livestock grazing or the production of seed or hay crops. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
area of cropland
NLCD:82
nlcd2011
An area of a planet's surface which is partly covered either by annual crops and perennial woody crops or by actively tilled land. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. However, it is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
According to the NLCD 2011, at least 20% of these areas are covered by croplands or actively tilled land. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition. The NLCD provides corn, soybeans, vegetables, tobacco, and cotton as examples of annual crops and the trees and vines in orchards and vineyards as examples of perennial woody crops.
cultivated crops
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
An area of a planet's surface which is partly covered either by annual crops and perennial woody crops or by actively tilled land. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
area of woody wetland
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. However, it is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
nlcd2011
An area of a planet's surface which is partly covered by forest or shrubland vegetation and where the underlying soil or substrate is periodically saturated with or covered by water. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
According to the NLCD 2011, at least 20% of these areas are covered by forest or shrubland vegetation. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition.
woody wetlands
NLCD:90
An area of a planet's surface which is partly covered by forest or shrubland vegetation and where the underlying soil or substrate is periodically saturated with or covered by water. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
area of emergent herbaceous wetland
nlcd2011
NLCD:95
This class is in need of refinement, particularly in linking to other entities in the ontology. However, it is suitable for use in annotating remotely sensed land types.
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by perennial herbaceous vegetation and where the underlying soil or substrate is periodically saturated with or covered by water. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
emergent herbaceous wetlands
According to the NLCD 2011, at least 80% of these areas are covered by herbaceous vegetation. Such thresholds - which are themselves fuzzy - are not strictly asserted in this definition.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_surface
https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd11_leg.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosphere
An area of a planet's surface which is primarily covered by perennial herbaceous vegetation and where the underlying soil or substrate is periodically saturated with or covered by water. This area is in contact with an atmospheric column extending from the planetary boundary layer to the planet's exosphere with little to no physical obstruction.
snowfall
A hydrological process in which irregular aggregates of snow fall to a planetary surface.
snow fall
environmental_hazards
freezing rainfall
environmental_hazards
freezing rain
METAR:FZRA
Rainfall which occurs when the temperature of a planetary surface and its surrounding atmosphere are below the freezing point of water, resulting in supercooled raindrops which freeze upon impact with solid surfaces.
freezing rain fall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freezing_rain
Rainfall which occurs when the temperature of a planetary surface and its surrounding atmosphere are below the freezing point of water, resulting in supercooled raindrops which freeze upon impact with solid surfaces.
electrostatic discharge process
This should probably be moved to an ontology of physical processes when one is created, and be imported back into ENVO.
A process during which a sudden flow of electricity occurs, often accompanied by a visible release of photons, between two electrically charged objects due to contact, an electrical short, or dielectric breakdown.
A process during which a sudden flow of electricity occurs, often accompanied by a visible release of photons, between two electrically charged objects due to contact, an electrical short, or dielectric breakdown.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic_discharge
atmospheric lightning
1
A sudden electrostatic discharge which occurs during an electrical storm as differentially charged atmospheric entities equalise their charge.
lightning
environmental_hazards
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightning
A sudden electrostatic discharge which occurs during an electrical storm as differentially charged atmospheric entities equalise their charge.
intercloud lightning
2
environmental_hazards
A lightning process during which electrostatic discharge occurs between at least two clouds.
CC lightning
cloud-cloud lightning
intracloud lightning
1
A lightning process during which electrostatic discharge occurs within a single cloud.
IC lightning
environmental_hazards
lightning strike
cloud-ground lightning
environmental_hazards
CG lightning
A lightning process during which electrostatic discharge occurs between a cloud and an object on a planetary surface, or a planetary surface itself.
lightning flash
A lightning process during which electrostatic discharge occurs within a single cloud or between multiple clouds.
environmental_hazards
blizzard
environmental_hazards
To qualify a snowstorm as a blizzard, some sources require the windspeed to be at least 56 km/h and the duration of the storm to be at least three hours. We set no such hard boundaries in this definition, as this should be done with reference to local standards.
A blizzard is a severe snowstorm during which snowfall is transported by strong winds, sustained for several hours.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blizzard
To qualify a snowstorm as a blizzard, some sources require the windspeed to be at least 56 km/h and the duration of the storm to be at least three hours. We set no such hard boundaries in this definition, as this should be done with reference to local standards.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blizzard
A blizzard is a severe snowstorm during which snowfall is transported by strong winds, sustained for several hours.
ground blizzard
This form of blizzard does not involve snowfall as the snow which is blown by the winds is already present on the ground. To qualify a snowstorm as a blizzard, some sources require the windspeed to be at least 56 km/h and the duration of the storm to be at least three hours. We set no such hard boundaries in this definition, as this should be done with reference to local standards.
environmental_hazards
A ground blizzard is a storm during which snow which has settled on a planetary surface is resuspended in and transported through its atmosphere by strong winds, sustained for several hours.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blizzard
This form of blizzard does not involve snowfall as the snow which is blown by the winds is already present on the ground. To qualify a snowstorm as a blizzard, some sources require the windspeed to be at least 56 km/h and the duration of the storm to be at least three hours. We set no such hard boundaries in this definition, as this should be done with reference to local standards.
A ground blizzard is a storm during which snow which has settled on a planetary surface is resuspended in and transported through its atmosphere by strong winds, sustained for several hours.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blizzard
environmental role
Experimental class.
A role which is may be realised by an environmental system
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
oasis
cienaga
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
An oasis is a vegetated area located in a desert, supplied with water from a water source which it surrounds, and surrounded by arid soil, sand, or rock.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oasis
vegetated area
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
A vegetated area is a geographic feature which has ground cover dominated by plant communities.
bone element environment
An environment which is determined by a bone element.
hydroform
A hydroform is a geographic feature which is primarily composed of a continuous volume of liquid water held in shape by an environmental process.
Similar, in spirit, to landform.
Should create links to envrionmental process with new relation like "sustained_by"
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
Should create links to envrionmental process with new relation like "sustained_by"
hypodermic needle
A hypodermic needle is a medical instrument made from a hollow needle. It is commonly used with a syringe to inject substances into the body of an organism.
ENVO
ENVO:02000000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypodermic_needle
A hypodermic needle is a medical instrument made from a hollow needle. It is commonly used with a syringe to inject substances into the body of an organism.
GEMINA:ag
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypodermic_needle
textile
A textile is a manufactured product comprised of a network of natural or artificial fibers (often referred to as thread or yarn).
ENVO
ENVO:02000001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textile
A textile is a manufactured product comprised of a network of natural or artificial fibers (often referred to as thread or yarn).
GEMINA:ag
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textile
bedclothing
Bedclothing is a textile covering used on a bed as a sheet, blanket, or pillowcase.
ENVO
ENVO:02000002
Bedclothing is a textile covering used on a bed as a sheet, blanket, or pillowcase.
GEMINA:ag
URL:http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=bedclothing&r=66
URL:http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/bedclothes
pockmark field
A pockmark field is an undersea feature formed by shallow seabed depressions, typically several tens of metres across and a few metres deep. Generally, they are formed in soft, fine-grained seabed sediments by the escape of fluids (gas or water, but mainly methane) into the water column.
ENVO
ENVO:02000003
A pockmark field is an undersea feature formed by shallow seabed depressions, typically several tens of metres across and a few metres deep. Generally, they are formed in soft, fine-grained seabed sediments by the escape of fluids (gas or water, but mainly methane) into the water column.
GEMINA:ag
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pockmark
nesting material
ENVO
ENVO:02000004
Nesting material is an animal habitation consisting of matierals used to cushion, insulate and protect the young of the organism. The adult will use the material to form a protective structure to house and raise their young. Nests are built primarily by birds, but also by mammals, fish, insects and reptiles.
Nesting material is an animal habitation consisting of matierals used to cushion, insulate and protect the young of the organism. The adult will use the material to form a protective structure to house and raise their young. Nests are built primarily by birds, but also by mammals, fish, insects and reptiles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nest
livestock-associated habitat
ENVO
ENVO:02000005
Livestock is an animal-associated habitat consisting of any domestic or domesticated animal intentionally raised for food or in the production of food or raised as stock to produce food or fibre, in an agricultural setting or for its labour or pen-raised animals raised on licensed game farm operations. Livestock include: bovine animals (including buffalo and bison), ovine animals, porcine animals, caprine animals, , poultry, bees, equine animals, cervidae animals; animals of the genus Lama; ratites (Emu, Ostrich, and Rhea), fish or shellfish in aquaculture facilities, and enclosed domesticated rabbits or hares raised for human food or fiber.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestock
livestock
true
Livestock is an animal-associated habitat consisting of any domestic or domesticated animal intentionally raised for food or in the production of food or raised as stock to produce food or fibre, in an agricultural setting or for its labour or pen-raised animals raised on licensed game farm operations. Livestock include: bovine animals (including buffalo and bison), ovine animals, porcine animals, caprine animals, , poultry, bees, equine animals, cervidae animals; animals of the genus Lama; ratites (Emu, Ostrich, and Rhea), fish or shellfish in aquaculture facilities, and enclosed domesticated rabbits or hares raised for human food or fiber.
URL:http://dnr.wi.gov/org/land/er/publications/wolfplan/plan8.htm
URL:http://www.pbs.org/strangedays/glossary/L.html
URL:http://www.vbgov.com/vgn.aspxLivestock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestock
cultured habitat
Cultured habitat is an controlled habitat created by humans through laboratory techniques usually for the purposes of preparing cell, organ, tissue and plant tissue cultures.
ENVO
ENVO:02000006
true
Cultured habitat is an controlled habitat created by humans through laboratory techniques usually for the purposes of preparing cell, organ, tissue and plant tissue cultures.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_culture
tissue culture
ENVO
ENVO:02000007
Tissue culture is the culture of cells, tissues or organs in a nutrient medium under sterile conditions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_culture
Tissue culture is the culture of cells, tissues or organs in a nutrient medium under sterile conditions.
URL:http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/X3910E/X3910E23.htm#TopOfPage
cell culture
Cell culture is a growth of cells in vitro in an artificial medium for experimental research.
ENVO
ENVO:02000008
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_culture
Cell culture is a growth of cells in vitro in an artificial medium for experimental research.
URL:http://stemcells.nih.gov/StemCells/Templates/StemCellContentPage.aspx?NRMODE=Published&NRNODEGUID=%7b3C35BAB6-0FE6-4C4E-95F2-2CB61B58D96D%7d&NRORIGINALURL=%2finfo%2fglossary%2easp&NRCACHEHINT=NoModifyGuest#cellculture
plant tissue culture
ENVO
ENVO:02000009
Plant tissue culture is the growth or maintenance of plant cells, tissues, organs or whole plants in vitro.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_tissue_culture
Plant tissue culture is the growth or maintenance of plant cells, tissues, organs or whole plants in vitro.
URL:http://www.sivb.org/edu_terminology.asp
organ culture
ENVO
ENVO:02000010
Organ culture is the aseptic culture of complete living organs of animals and plants outside the body in a suitable culture medium. Animal organs must be small enough to allow the nutrients in the culture medium to penetrate all the cells.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_culture
Organ culture is the aseptic culture of complete living organs of animals and plants outside the body in a suitable culture medium. Animal organs must be small enough to allow the nutrients in the culture medium to penetrate all the cells.
URL:http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/X3910E/X3910E18.htm
obsolete buffalo milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000011
true
obsolete camel milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000012
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camel_milk
true
obsolete donkey milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000013
true
obsolete horse milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000014
true
obsolete reindeer milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000015
true
obsolete water buffalo milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000016
true
obsolete yak milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000017
true
obsolete zebra milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000018
true
bodily fluid
A natural bodily fluid or secretion such as blood, semen, saliva, blood plasma, intracellular and interstitial fluids.
ENVO
ENVO:02000019
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodily_fluid
This differs from UBERON's treatment of bodily fluids and will probably be revised.
A natural bodily fluid or secretion such as blood, semen, saliva, blood plasma, intracellular and interstitial fluids.
URL:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bodily+fluid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_fluid
blood
Blood is a bodily fluid composed of blood plasma and blood cells suspended within the plasma that circulates around the organism's body. Blood performs may important functions including the supplying of oxygen and nutrients, removal of waste, circulation of white blood cells, detection of antibodes, coagulation, transportation of antibodies and the regulation of pH and body temperature.
ENVO
ENVO:02000020
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood
Blood is a bodily fluid composed of blood plasma and blood cells suspended within the plasma that circulates around the organism's body. Blood performs may important functions including the supplying of oxygen and nutrients, removal of waste, circulation of white blood cells, detection of antibodes, coagulation, transportation of antibodies and the regulation of pH and body temperature.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_fluid
amniotic fluid
Amniotic fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of watery liquid surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion. It allows the fetus to move freely without the walls of the uterus being too tight against its body. Buoyancy is also provided.
ENVO
ENVO:02000021
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amniotic_fluid
Amniotic fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of watery liquid surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion. It allows the fetus to move freely without the walls of the uterus being too tight against its body. Buoyancy is also provided.
URL:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amniotic_fluid
excreta
ENVO
ENVO:02000022
Excreta are bodily fluids consisting of waste matter, such as sweat or feces, discharged from the body.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excreta
Excreta are bodily fluids consisting of waste matter, such as sweat or feces, discharged from the body.
URL:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/excreta
bile
Bile is a bodily fluid consisting of a bitter, yellow or green alkaline fluid secreted by hepatocytes from the liver of most vertebrates. In many species, bile is stored in the gallbladder between meals and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum where the bile aids the process of digestion of lipids.
ENVO
ENVO:02000023
gall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile
Bile is a bodily fluid consisting of a bitter, yellow or green alkaline fluid secreted by hepatocytes from the liver of most vertebrates. In many species, bile is stored in the gallbladder between meals and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum where the bile aids the process of digestion of lipids.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile
aqueous humour
Aqueous humour is a bodily fluid consisting of a thick watery substance that fills the space between the lens and the cornea.
ENVO
ENVO:02000024
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_humour
Aqueous humour is a bodily fluid consisting of a thick watery substance that fills the space between the lens and the cornea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_humour
sweat
ENVO
ENVO:02000025
Sweat is an excreta consisting primarily of water as well as a smaller amount of sodium chloride that is excreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweat
Sweat is an excreta consisting primarily of water as well as a smaller amount of sodium chloride that is excreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals.
wiki:http:://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweat
chyme
Chyme is a bodily fluid consisting of a liquid substance found in the stomach before passing through the pyloric valve and entering the duodenum. It results from the mechanical and chemical breakdown of a bolus and consists of partially digested food, water, hydrochloric acid, and various digestive enzymes.
ENVO
ENVO:02000026
chymus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyme
Chyme is a bodily fluid consisting of a liquid substance found in the stomach before passing through the pyloric valve and entering the duodenum. It results from the mechanical and chemical breakdown of a bolus and consists of partially digested food, water, hydrochloric acid, and various digestive enzymes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyme
blood plasma
Blood plasma is a bodily fluid that comprises the liquid component of blood, in which the blood cells are suspended. It makes up about 55% of total blood volume.
ENVO
ENVO:02000027
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_plasma
Blood plasma is a bodily fluid that comprises the liquid component of blood, in which the blood cells are suspended. It makes up about 55% of total blood volume.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_plasma
ear wax
ENVO
ENVO:02000028
Ear was is a bodily fluid consisting of a yellowish, waxy substance secreted in the ear canal of humans and many other mammals. It plays an important role in the human ear canal, assisting in cleaning and lubrication, and also provides some protection from bacteria, fungi, and insects.
cerumen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ear_wax
Ear was is a bodily fluid consisting of a yellowish, waxy substance secreted in the ear canal of humans and many other mammals. It plays an important role in the human ear canal, assisting in cleaning and lubrication, and also provides some protection from bacteria, fungi, and insects.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerumen
cerebrospinal fluid
CSF
Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear bodily fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain. CSF is a clear bodily fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain.
ENVO
ENVO:02000029
Liquor cerebrospinalis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear bodily fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain. CSF is a clear bodily fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluid
chyle
Chyle is a bodily fluid consisting of a milky fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats; formed in the small intestine during digestion of ingested fats.
ENVO
ENVO:02000030
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyle
Chyle is a bodily fluid consisting of a milky fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats; formed in the small intestine during digestion of ingested fats.
URL:http://wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=chyle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyle
breast milk
Breast milk is a bodily fluid produced that is secreted from two milk-secreting glandular organs on a female's chest.
ENVO
ENVO:02000031
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_milk
Breast milk is a bodily fluid produced that is secreted from two milk-secreting glandular organs on a female's chest.
URL:http://www.fcs.uga.edu/ext/bbb/info/glossary.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_milk
vitreous humor
ENVO
ENVO:02000032
Vitreous humor is a bodily fluid consisting of a clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina of the eyeball of humans and other vertebrates.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitreous_humor
vitreous body
vitreous humour
Vitreous humor is a bodily fluid consisting of a clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina of the eyeball of humans and other vertebrates.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitreous_humour
pleural effusion
ENVO
ENVO:02000033
Pleural effusion is a bodily fluid that is produced in exess and accumulates in the pleural cavity, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. Excessive amounts of such fluid can impair breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs during inhalation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleural_effusion
Pleural effusion is a bodily fluid that is produced in exess and accumulates in the pleural cavity, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. Excessive amounts of such fluid can impair breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs during inhalation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleural_fluid
tears
ENVO
ENVO:02000034
Tears is a bodily fluid consisting of a drop of the clear salty liquid secreted by glands (lacrimal glands) in the eyes. Tears wet the membrane covering the eye and help rid the eye of irritating substances.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tears
tear
Tears is a bodily fluid consisting of a drop of the clear salty liquid secreted by glands (lacrimal glands) in the eyes. Tears wet the membrane covering the eye and help rid the eye of irritating substances.
URL:http://www.thefreedictionary.com/tear
oronasal secretion
ENVO
ENVO:02000035
Oronasal secretion is a bodily fluid secreted from the body via the mouth or nose.
Gemina:ls
Oronasal secretion is a bodily fluid secreted from the body via the mouth or nose.
saliva
ENVO
ENVO:02000036
Saliva is a slightly alkaline secretion of water, mucin, protein, salts, and often a starch-splitting enzyme (as ptyalin) that is secreted into the mouth by salivary glands, lubricates ingested food, and often begins the breakdown of starches.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva
Saliva is a slightly alkaline secretion of water, mucin, protein, salts, and often a starch-splitting enzyme (as ptyalin) that is secreted into the mouth by salivary glands, lubricates ingested food, and often begins the breakdown of starches.
URL:http://medical.merriam-webster.com/medical/saliva
sebum
ENVO
ENVO:02000037
Sebum is an oily bodily fluid secreted from the sebaceous glads that is made of fat (lipids) and the debris of dead fat-producing cells. In the glands, sebum is produced within specialized cells and is released as these cells burst. Sebum acts to protect and waterproof hair and skin, and keep them from becoming dry, brittle and cracked. It can also inhibit the growth of microorganisms on skin.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebum
Sebum is an oily bodily fluid secreted from the sebaceous glads that is made of fat (lipids) and the debris of dead fat-producing cells. In the glands, sebum is produced within specialized cells and is released as these cells burst. Sebum acts to protect and waterproof hair and skin, and keep them from becoming dry, brittle and cracked. It can also inhibit the growth of microorganisms on skin.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebaceous_gland
pus
ENVO
ENVO:02000038
Pus is a bodily fluid consisting of a whitish-yellow or yellow substance produced during inflammatory responses of the body that can be found in regions of pyogenic bacterial infections. Pus is produced from the dead and living cells which travel into the intercellular spaces around the affected cells.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pus
Pus is a bodily fluid consisting of a whitish-yellow or yellow substance produced during inflammatory responses of the body that can be found in regions of pyogenic bacterial infections. Pus is produced from the dead and living cells which travel into the intercellular spaces around the affected cells.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pus
synovial fluid
ENVO
ENVO:02000039
Synovial fluid is a bodily fluid secreted by the synovial membrane into the joint cavity to form a thin layer at the surface of cartilage.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synovial_fluid
Synovial fluid is a bodily fluid secreted by the synovial membrane into the joint cavity to form a thin layer at the surface of cartilage.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synovial_fluid
mucus
ENVO
ENVO:02000040
Mucus is a bodily fluid consisting of a slippery secretion of the lining of the mucous membranes in the body. It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes (such as lysozyme) and immunoglobulins. Mucus is produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes that cover the surfaces of the membranes. It is made up of mucins and inorganic salts suspended in water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucus
Mucus is a bodily fluid consisting of a slippery secretion of the lining of the mucous membranes in the body. It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes (such as lysozyme) and immunoglobulins. Mucus is produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes that cover the surfaces of the membranes. It is made up of mucins and inorganic salts suspended in water.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucus
lymph
ENVO
ENVO:02000041
Lymph is a bodily fluid consisting of a usually clear coagulable fluid that passes from intercellular spaces of body tissue into the lymphatic vessels, is discharged into the blood by way of the thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct, and resembles blood plasma in containing white blood cells and especially lymphocytes but normally few red blood cells and no platelets.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph
Lymph is a bodily fluid consisting of a usually clear coagulable fluid that passes from intercellular spaces of body tissue into the lymphatic vessels, is discharged into the blood by way of the thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct, and resembles blood plasma in containing white blood cells and especially lymphocytes but normally few red blood cells and no platelets.
URL:http://medical.merriam-webster.com/medical/lymph
interstitial fluid
ENVO
ENVO:02000042
Interstitial fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of a solution which bathes and surrounds the cells of multicellular animals. It is the main component of the extracellular fluid, which also includes plasma and transcellular fluid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_fluid
intercellular fluid
tissue fluid
Interstitial fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of a solution which bathes and surrounds the cells of multicellular animals. It is the main component of the extracellular fluid, which also includes plasma and transcellular fluid.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_fluid
biological product
A biological product is an environmental substrate comprised of any virus, therapeutic serum, toxin, antitoxin, or analogous product available to prevent, treat or cure diseases or injuries in man.
ENVO
ENVO:02000043
This definition should be revised, it is currently too ambiguous.
ORCID:0000-0002-4366-3088
This definition should be revised, it is currently too ambiguous.
A biological product is an environmental substrate comprised of any virus, therapeutic serum, toxin, antitoxin, or analogous product available to prevent, treat or cure diseases or injuries in man.
URL:http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/research/resources/DAIDSClinRsrch/Glossary/
siliceous ooze
ENVO
ENVO:02000044
Siliceous ooze is a marine sediment composed of the debris of plankton with silica shells, such as diatoms and radiolaria. This ooze is limited to areas with high biological productivity, such as the polar oceans, and upwelling zones near the equator. The least common type of sediment, it covers only 15% of the ocean floor. It accumulates at a slower rate than calcareous ooze: 0.2-1 cm / 1000 yr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliceous_ooze
Siliceous ooze is a marine sediment composed of the debris of plankton with silica shells, such as diatoms and radiolaria. This ooze is limited to areas with high biological productivity, such as the polar oceans, and upwelling zones near the equator. The least common type of sediment, it covers only 15% of the ocean floor. It accumulates at a slower rate than calcareous ooze: 0.2-1 cm / 1000 yr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_sediment#_note-8
red clay
ENVO
ENVO:02000045
Red clay, also known as pelagic clay, accumulates in the deepest and most remote areas of the ocean. Containing less than 30% biogenic material, its composition is a varied mix of very fine quartz and clay minerals, authigenic deposits precipitated directly from seawater, and micrometeorites. Though called "red" because it sometimes takes the color of oxidized iron minerals, it is usually brownish in color. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but red clay seems to be mostly derived from distant rivers, and windblown dust. Covering 38% of the ocean floor, it accumulates more slowly than any other sediment type, at only 0.1-0.5 cm / 1000 yr.
Red clay, also known as pelagic clay, accumulates in the deepest and most remote areas of the ocean. Containing less than 30% biogenic material, its composition is a varied mix of very fine quartz and clay minerals, authigenic deposits precipitated directly from seawater, and micrometeorites. Though called "red" because it sometimes takes the color of oxidized iron minerals, it is usually brownish in color. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but red clay seems to be mostly derived from distant rivers, and windblown dust. Covering 38% of the ocean floor, it accumulates more slowly than any other sediment type, at only 0.1-0.5 cm / 1000 yr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelagic_sediments
calcareous ooze
Calcareous ooze is a marine sediment composed primarily of the shells--also known as tests--of foraminifera, coccolithophores, and pteropods. This is the most common pelagic sediment by area, covering 48% of the world ocean's floor. This type of ooze is limited to depths above the Carbonate Compensation Depth at time of burial. It accumulates more rapidly than any other pelagic sediment type, with a rate that varies from 0.3 - 5 cm / 1000 yr.
ENVO
ENVO:02000046
Calcareous ooze is a marine sediment composed primarily of the shells--also known as tests--of foraminifera, coccolithophores, and pteropods. This is the most common pelagic sediment by area, covering 48% of the world ocean's floor. This type of ooze is limited to depths above the Carbonate Compensation Depth at time of burial. It accumulates more rapidly than any other pelagic sediment type, with a rate that varies from 0.3 - 5 cm / 1000 yr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_sediment#_note-8
animal feed
Animal feed is a biotic mesoscopic physical object consisting of any foodstuff that is used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as cattle, goats, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs. Most animal feed is from plants but some is of animal origin. Fodder refers particularly to food given to the animals (including plants cut and carried to them), rather than that which they forage for themselves. It includes hay, straw, silage, compressed and pelleted feeds, oils and mixed rations, and also sprouted grains and legumes.
ENVO
ENVO:02000047
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_feed
Animal feed is a biotic mesoscopic physical object consisting of any foodstuff that is used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as cattle, goats, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs. Most animal feed is from plants but some is of animal origin. Fodder refers particularly to food given to the animals (including plants cut and carried to them), rather than that which they forage for themselves. It includes hay, straw, silage, compressed and pelleted feeds, oils and mixed rations, and also sprouted grains and legumes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fodder
contaminated animal feed
Contaminated animal feed is an animal feed that has become contaminated with or come contact with microorganisms or toxic chemicals.
ENVO
ENVO:02000048
Contaminated animal feed is an animal feed that has become contaminated with or come contact with microorganisms or toxic chemicals.
URL:http://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/infectioncontrol/glossary.htm
coastal water body
Coastal water is a marine water body bordering a coast.
ENVO
ENVO:02000049
Coastal water is a marine water body bordering a coast.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal
obsolete spinach
ENVO
ENVO:02000050
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinach
true
unpasteurized milk product
ENVO
ENVO:02000051
Raw milk which has not undergone the pasteurization process.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unpasteurized_milk
raw milk
true
Raw milk which has not undergone the pasteurization process.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unpasteurized_milk
umbrella
A canopy designed to protect against precipitation or sunlight.
ENVO
ENVO:02000052
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbrella
A canopy designed to protect against precipitation or sunlight.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbrella
hide
A skin obtained from animals for human use typically from deer or cattle sources used to produce leather, shoes, fashion accessories, musical instruments.
ENVO
ENVO:02000053
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hide
A skin obtained from animals for human use typically from deer or cattle sources used to produce leather, shoes, fashion accessories, musical instruments.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hides
bone meal
A mixture of crushed and coarsely ground bones that is used as an organic fertilizer for plants and formerly in animal feed.
ENVO
ENVO:02000054
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_meal
A mixture of crushed and coarsely ground bones that is used as an organic fertilizer for plants and formerly in animal feed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_meal
plant feed
ENVO
ENVO:02000055
Plant feed is a biotic mesoscopic physical object consisting of any foodstuff that is used specifically to feed plants.
Plant feed is a biotic mesoscopic physical object consisting of any foodstuff that is used specifically to feed plants.
ls:ls
obsolete egg product
ENVO
ENVO:02000056
true
obsolete hen's egg product
ENVO
ENVO:02000057
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_egg
true
cloth
A textile comprised of a pliable material made usually by weaving, felting, or knitting natural or synthetic fibers and filaments.
ENVO
ENVO:02000058
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloth
A textile comprised of a pliable material made usually by weaving, felting, or knitting natural or synthetic fibers and filaments.
URL:http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cloth
surface soil
A soil consisting of the upper layer of soil on the surface consisting of loose material capable of supporting life composed of a mixture of mineral and organic matter.
ENVO
ENVO:02000059
A soil consisting of the upper layer of soil on the surface consisting of loose material capable of supporting life composed of a mixture of mineral and organic matter.
URL:http://www.answers.com/topic/topsoil?cat=technology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil#_note-0
obsolete apple cider
ENVO
ENVO:00002208
ENVO:02000060
cider
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_cider
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cider
true
obsolete unpasteurized orange juice
ENVO
ENVO:02000061
true
dessert
ENVO
ENVO:02000062
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dessert
true
obsolete cake
ENVO
ENVO:02000063
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cake
true
obsolete cake icing
ENVO
ENVO:02000064
true
obsolete chocolate
ENVO
ENVO:02000065
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate
true
obsolete custard
ENVO
ENVO:02000066
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Custard
true
obsolete ground beef
ENVO
ENVO:02000067
beef mince
hamburger meat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_beef
minced beef
true
obsolete poultry product
ENVO
ENVO:02000068
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poultry
true
obsolete duck meat product
ENVO
ENVO:02000069
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck
true
obsolete goose meat product
ENVO
ENVO:02000070
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goose
true
obsolete turkey meat product
ENVO
ENVO:02000071
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey
true
obsolete mushroom
ENVO
ENVO:02000072
SWEETRealm:Mushroom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom
true
bean plant
ENVO
ENVO:02000073
true
obsolete cantaloupe
ENVO
ENVO:02000074
cantaloup
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantaloupe
muskmelon
true
peanut plant
ENVO
ENVO:02000075
true
obsolete potato salad
ENVO
ENVO:02000076
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potato_salad
true
obsolete salad dressing
ENVO
ENVO:02000077
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salad_dressing
true
obsolete clam product
ENVO
ENVO:02000078
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clam
true
obsolete oyster product
ENVO
ENVO:02000079
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oyster
true
obsolete shellfish product
ENVO
ENVO:02000080
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellfish
true
letter
A written message from one person to another addressed to a person or organization.
ENVO
ENVO:02000081
A written message from one person to another addressed to a person or organization.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter
obsolete unpasteurized goat milk cheese
ENVO
ENVO:02000082
true
obsolete Pecorino cheese
ENVO
ENVO:02000083
true
goat manure
ENVO
ENVO:02000084
obsolete unpasteurized sheep milk cheese
ENVO
ENVO:02000085
true
obsolete unpasteruized cow milk cheese
ENVO
ENVO:02000086
true
obsolete unpasteurized camel milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000087
true
obsolete unpasteurized caprine milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000088
true
obsolete unpasteurized ovine milk
ENVO
ENVO:02000089
true
coal
cjm
A combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.
A combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.
iron mine
cjm
uranium mine
cjm
ore
cjm
a type of rock that contains sufficient minerals with important elements including metals that can be economically extracted from the rock.
uranium ore
cjm
iron ore
cjm
gold ore
cjm
platinum ore
cjm
coal dust
cjm
mineral dust
cjm
fibrous dust
cjm
fibrous glass dust
cjm
metallic dust
cjm
cement dust
cjm
clay dust
cjm
asbestos dust
cjm
grain dust
cjm
Dust that comes from grain and all the other substances associated with its cultivation & harvesting.
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0305.html
Dust that comes from grain and all the other substances associated with its cultivation & harvesting.
cotton dust
cjm
dust from plant parts
cjm
open-pit mine
cjm
A surface mine that utilizes a technique of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or borrow.
A surface mine that utilizes a technique of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or borrow.
copper ore
cjm
fume
cjm
A gas, smoke, or vapor that smells strongly or is dangerous to inhale.
welding fume
cjm
paraffin wax fume
cjm
vanadium fume
cjm
Respirable vapor of vanadium.
Respirable vapor of vanadium.
aluminum welding fume
cjm
natural wax
cjm
A wax that is naturally synthesized by a plant or animal.
paraffin wax
cjm
A white or colourless soft solid derivable from petroleum, coal or oil shale, that consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between twenty and forty carbon atoms.
A white or colourless soft solid derivable from petroleum, coal or oil shale, that consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between twenty and forty carbon atoms.
oil shale
cjm
kerogen shale
An organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rock containing kerogen from which liquid hydrocarbons called shale oil can be produced.
kerogen shale
An organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rock containing kerogen from which liquid hydrocarbons called shale oil can be produced.
zinc chloride fume
cjm
peat extraction
cjm
peat drainage
cjm
Typically a part of a peat extraction process
A hydrological process that results in the drainage of water from peatlands
A hydrological process that results in the drainage of water from peatlands
paint
cjm
Any liquid, liquefiable, or mastic composition that, after application to a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film. It is most commonly used to protect, color, or provide texture to objects.
Any liquid, liquefiable, or mastic composition that, after application to a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film. It is most commonly used to protect, color, or provide texture to objects.
lead paint
cjm
Paint that contains lead.
Paint that contains lead.
transportation
cjm
A planned process that is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another.
A planned process that is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another.
environmental system process
Should environmental feature become something more towards a disposition, the assert would be updated to something like "has participant (environmental system or (material entity and has disposition some environmental feature))". There are several issues surrounding the reconcilliation of environmental feature and environmental system, both theoretical and practical.
desertification
a type of land degradation in which a relatively dry land region becomes increasingly arid, typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife.
a type of land degradation in which a relatively dry land region becomes increasingly arid, typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife.
flooding
environmental_hazards
A general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow of inland and/or tidal waters, and/or the unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any source. A great flow along a watercourse or a flow causing inundation of lands not normally covered by water.
A general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow of inland and/or tidal waters, and/or the unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any source. A great flow along a watercourse or a flow causing inundation of lands not normally covered by water.
GEMET: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/3301
atmospheric process
greenhouse effect
A process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions. Since part of this re-radiation is back towards the surface and the lower atmosphere, it results in an elevation of the average surface temperature above what it would be in the absence of the gases.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect
A process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions. Since part of this re-radiation is back towards the surface and the lower atmosphere, it results in an elevation of the average surface temperature above what it would be in the absence of the gases.
land degradation
This could include, for example, reducing soil health, pollinator activity, or an ecosystem's ability to sequester carbon.
An SDGIO request. Likely to be refined and revised.
A process which diminishes the functioning of an ecosystem located on land.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_degradation
A process which diminishes the functioning of an ecosystem located on land.
http://www.who.int/globalchange/ecosystems/desert/en/
ecosystem-wide photosynthesis
A process which consists of all photosynthesis processes instantiated in an ecosystem.
See issue #275
ecosystem-wide respiration
See issue #275
A process which consists of all respiration processes instantiated in an ecosystem.
biogeochemical cycling
carbon cycling
afforestation
Establishment of a new forest by seeding or planting of nonforested land.
Prior to afforestation, the land cover of a region must not include forests.
GEMET:http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/167
Establishment of a new forest by seeding or planting of nonforested land.
deforestation
clearance
The removal of forest and undergrowth to, for example, increase the surface of arable land or to use the timber for construction or industrial purposes.
clearing
The removal of forest and undergrowth to, for example, increase the surface of arable land or to use the timber for construction or industrial purposes.
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept?cp=2036
reforestation
The planting of trees in areas in where forests have previously been cleared.
reforestation is reestablishment of forest where the forest recently existed[IPCC]
The planting of trees in areas in where forests have previously been cleared.
Adapted from GEMET:http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/6979
forest process
To be populated through inference. Do not use for annotation.
forest area expansion
anthropogenic reforestation
algal bloom process
Notes: need to capture that this is an increase in surface area (where boundaries allow) and density. Also need to capture this is a rapid/acute expansion. TODO: import PATO
alga
To be ceded to external ontology (e.g. pco)
algal bloom collapse
algal bloom process phase
algal production
accumulation of toxins from algal bloom process
TODO; add axioms pointing to GO organismal process; Add axioms pointing to toxin role
degradation of toxins from algal bloom process
anthropogenic modulatory intervention process
Relabel the obo foundry unique label to be generic process
anthropogenic environmental process
erosion
An action of exogenic processes (such as water flow or wind) which remove soil and rock from one location on the Earth's crust, then transport it to another location where it is deposited.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion
An action of exogenic processes (such as water flow or wind) which remove soil and rock from one location on the Earth's crust, then transport it to another location where it is deposited.
bedrock dissolution
An erosional process in which bedrock is converted from its solid form into a solute by the action of some solvent.
biogeochemical process
hydrological process
This classes asserted subclasses will be moved away as it should be an inferred class.
revegetation
evapotranspiration
Evapotranspiration is the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earth's land and ocean surface to the atmosphere.
Evapotranspiration is the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earth's land and ocean surface to the atmosphere.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evapotranspiration
evaporation
Evaporation is a form of vaporisation which occurs when a portion of the surface layer of a liquid in contact with a gaseous material, which is not saturated with the evaporating substance, vaporises.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporation
Evaporation is a form of vaporisation which occurs when a portion of the surface layer of a liquid in contact with a gaseous material, which is not saturated with the evaporating substance, vaporises.
transpiration
Needs a process part "water transport" or similar and some link to plants to be complete.
Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts of that plant, such as from leaves but also from stems and flowers.
environmental pollution
pollution
environmental_hazards
An environmental system process that results in the introduction of contaminants into an environment.
An environmental system process that results in the introduction of contaminants into an environment.
air pollution
environmental_hazards
A pollution process that releases particulates into the atmosphere.
soil pollution
environmental_hazards
A pollution process during which soil is contaminated.
A pollution process during which soil is contaminated.
water pollution
A pollution process during which water is contaminated.
environmental_hazards
plastic pollution
environmental_hazards
A pollution process that results in increased levels of plastic in the environment.
A pollution process that results in increased levels of plastic in the environment.
environmental monitoring
An process in which environmental parameters and variables are continually assayed.
monitoring
pollution control
pollution prevention
pollution monitoring
A monitoring process that assays the level of environmental pollutants to determine the presence of effect of environmental pollution.
urban pollution
environmental_hazards
A pollution process that results in increased levels of pollutants in an urban environment.
axilla skin environment
2014-12-15T22:32:00Z
An environment that is determined by an axilla skin.
ENVO
ENVO:08000001
TermGenie
An environment that is determined by an axilla skin.
GOC:TermGenie
true
true
mouth environment
2015-04-10T23:34:03Z
An environment that is determined by a mouth.
ENVO
ENVO:08000002
TermGenie
true
An environment that is determined by a mouth.
GOC:TermGenie
true
solubility of carbon atom in environmental material
environmental material carbon atom solubility
The solubility of a carbon atom when measured in environmental material.
solubility of carbon atom in soil
The solubility of a carbon atom when measured in soil.
soil carbon atom solubility
solubility of carbon atom in water
water carbon atom solubility
The solubility of a carbon atom when measured in water.
amount of carbon atom in environmental material
environmental material carbon atom amount
The amount of a carbon atom when measured in environmental material.
amount of carbon atom in soil
The amount of a carbon atom when measured in soil.
soil carbon atom amount
amount of carbon atom in water
water carbon atom amount
The amount of a carbon atom when measured in water.
concentration of of carbon atom in environmental material
The concentration of of a carbon atom when measured in environmental material.
environmental material carbon atom concentration of
concentration of of carbon atom in soil
soil carbon atom concentration of
The concentration of of a carbon atom when measured in soil.
concentration of of carbon atom in water
water carbon atom concentration of
The concentration of of a carbon atom when measured in water.
solubility of nitrogen atom in environmental material
The solubility of a nitrogen atom when measured in environmental material.
environmental material nitrogen atom solubility
solubility of nitrogen atom in soil
soil nitrogen atom solubility
The solubility of a nitrogen atom when measured in soil.
solubility of nitrogen atom in water
water nitrogen atom solubility
The solubility of a nitrogen atom when measured in water.
amount of nitrogen atom in environmental material
environmental material nitrogen atom amount
The amount of a nitrogen atom when measured in environmental material.
amount of nitrogen atom in soil
soil nitrogen atom amount
The amount of a nitrogen atom when measured in soil.
amount of nitrogen atom in water
The amount of a nitrogen atom when measured in water.
water nitrogen atom amount
concentration of of nitrogen atom in environmental material
The concentration of of a nitrogen atom when measured in environmental material.
environmental material nitrogen atom concentration of
concentration of of nitrogen atom in soil
The concentration of of a nitrogen atom when measured in soil.
soil nitrogen atom concentration of
concentration of of nitrogen atom in water
The concentration of of a nitrogen atom when measured in water.
water nitrogen atom concentration of
dissolved carbon atom in environmental material
The carbon atom in a dissolved state when measured in environmental material.
environmental material dissolved carbon atom
dissolved carbon atom in soil
The carbon atom in a dissolved state when measured in soil.
soil dissolved carbon atom
dissolved carbon atom in water
water dissolved carbon atom
The carbon atom in a dissolved state when measured in water.
dissolved nitrogen atom in environmental material
environmental material dissolved nitrogen atom
The nitrogen atom in a dissolved state when measured in environmental material.
dissolved nitrogen atom in soil
soil dissolved nitrogen atom
The nitrogen atom in a dissolved state when measured in soil.
dissolved nitrogen atom in water
The nitrogen atom in a dissolved state when measured in water.
water dissolved nitrogen atom
temperature of environmental material
The temperature of a environmental material.
environmental material temperature
temperature of air
air temperature
The temperature of a air.
environmental system process quality
quality of environmental system process
The quality of a environmental system process.
atmospheric wind intensity
The intensity of a atmospheric wind.
intensity of atmospheric wind
porosity of soil
soil porosity
The porosity of a soil.
mass density of soil
The mass density of a soil.
soil mass density
concentration of of ammonium in soil
The concentration of of a ammonium when measured in soil.
soil ammonium concentration of
concentration of of nitrate in soil
soil nitrate concentration of
The concentration of of a nitrate when measured in soil.
composition of soil
soil composition
The composition of a soil.
structure of soil
The structure of a soil.
soil structure
acidity of soil
The acidity of a soil.
soil acidity
pressure of air
The pressure of a air.
air pressure
drought
environmental_hazards
A hydrological precipitation process with a reduced rate relative to some historical average, typically resulting in ecosystemic perturbations.
Drought is often defined as a temporal period of below-average precipitation, however, representing it as a temporal entity seems insufficient.
marine mucilage
The formation of marine mucilage is often associated with conditions which stress marine microorganisms such as diatoms.
A gelatinous material primarily composed of exopolymeric compounds with colloidal properties, formed through the aggregation of marine snow particles, often found in large sheets, flocs, and clouds.
sea snot
See issue #276.
This class is complex as marine mucilage is quite complex. It will also requre new class creation in GO process for deeper semantics.
A gelatinous material primarily composed of exopolymeric compounds with colloidal properties, formed through the aggregation of marine snow particles, often found in large sheets, flocs, and clouds.
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0007006
exudation of carbohydrates
A process in which carbohydrates are transported from the interior of an organism to its surroundings.
Class for testing with marine mucilage.
island formation process
Addressing Issue #268. This top-level class may be converted to an inferred class.
A process which results in the formation of an island.
microcontinental island
"Examples are Madagascar and Socotra off Africa, the Kerguelen Islands, New Caledonia, New Zealand, and some of the Seychelles." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island
An island created when a continent is rifted.
An island created when a continent is rifted.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island
depositional island
An island formed by deposition of solid material such as sand or small rocks where a water current loses some of its carrying capacity.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island
An island formed by deposition of solid material such as sand or small rocks where a water current loses some of its carrying capacity.
barrier island
An island formed by the accumulation of sand deposited by sea currents on a continental shelves
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island
An island formed by the accumulation of sand deposited by sea currents on a continental shelves
chemical product
2013-04-27T10:32:07Z
A manufactured product that is some mixture of chemicals created through some chemical engineering process
ENVO
ENVO:2000000
cjm
A manufactured product that is some mixture of chemicals created through some chemical engineering process
ENVO:cjm
creosote
2013-04-27T10:35:14Z
ENVO
ENVO:2000001
The portion of chemical products obtained by the distillation of a tar that remains heavier than water, notably useful for its anti-septic and preservative properties
cjm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creosote
The portion of chemical products obtained by the distillation of a tar that remains heavier than water, notably useful for its anti-septic and preservative properties
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creosote
industrial wastewate treatment plant
2013-04-27T03:16:01Z
A wastewater treatment plant that treates industrial wastewater. Industrial wastewater treatment covers the mechanisms and processes used to treat waters that have been contaminated in some way by anthropogenic industrial or commercial activities prior to its release into the environment or its re-use.
ENVO
ENVO:2000002
cjm
A wastewater treatment plant that treates industrial wastewater. Industrial wastewater treatment covers the mechanisms and processes used to treat waters that have been contaminated in some way by anthropogenic industrial or commercial activities prior to its release into the environment or its re-use.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_wastewater_treatment
agricultural wastewater treatment plant
2013-04-27T03:17:36Z
A wastewater treatment plant that treats agriculatural wastewater. Agricultural wastewater treatment relates to the treatment of wastewaters produced in the course of agricultural activities. Agriculture is a highly intensified industry in many parts of the world, producing a range of wastewaters requiring a variety of treatment technologies and management practices.
ENVO
ENVO:2000003
cjm
A wastewater treatment plant that treats agriculatural wastewater. Agricultural wastewater treatment relates to the treatment of wastewaters produced in the course of agricultural activities. Agriculture is a highly intensified industry in many parts of the world, producing a range of wastewaters requiring a variety of treatment technologies and management practices.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_wastewater_treatment
algal bloom
2013-04-27T04:26:24Z
A feature that arises from a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae (typically microscopic) in an aquatic system.
ENVO
ENVO:2000004
EcoLexicon:algal_bloom
SWEETRealm:AlgalBloom
cjm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algal_bloom
A feature that arises from a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae (typically microscopic) in an aquatic system.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algal_bloom
freshwater algal bloom
2013-04-27T04:28:27Z
An algal bloom that is located in freshwater. Freshwater algal blooms are the result of an excess of nutrients, particularly some phosphates.
ENVO
ENVO:2000005
cjm
An algal bloom that is located in freshwater. Freshwater algal blooms are the result of an excess of nutrients, particularly some phosphates.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algal_bloom#Freshwater_algal_blooms
nest of termite
2013-04-27T04:49:24Z
An animal habitation constructed by termites. Termite workers build and maintain nests which house the colony. These are elaborate structures made using a combination of soil, mud, chewed wood/cellulose, saliva, and faeces. A nest has many functions such as providing a protected living space and water conservation (through controlled condensation).
ENVO
ENVO:2000006
cjm
termite nest
An animal habitation constructed by termites. Termite workers build and maintain nests which house the colony. These are elaborate structures made using a combination of soil, mud, chewed wood/cellulose, saliva, and faeces. A nest has many functions such as providing a protected living space and water conservation (through controlled condensation).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termite#Nests
anatomical entity environment
An environment which is determined by an anatomical entity.
intestine environment
skin environment
integumental system environment
face skin environment
feather environment
generation of precursor metabolites and energy
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances.
energy pathways
intermediary metabolism
metabolic energy generation
biological_process
Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end.
biological process
physiological process
metabolic process
The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation.
metabolic process resulting in cell growth
metabolism
metabolism resulting in cell growth
aerobic respiration
The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor.
anaerobic respiration
The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which uses compounds other than oxygen (e.g. nitrate, sulfate) as the terminal electron acceptor.
cellular process
Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.
cell growth and/or maintenance
cell physiology
cellular physiological process
photosynthesis
The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide (CO2) using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds.
energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from organic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released.
chemoorganotrophy
locomotion
cellular metabolic process
The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.
cellular metabolism
intermediary metabolism
single-organism process
A biological process that involves only one organism.
single organism process
single-organism metabolic process
A metabolic process - chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances - which involves a single organism.
single-organism cellular process
Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism.
cellular respiration
The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration).
oxidative metabolic process
oxidative metabolism
respiration
oxidation-reduction process
A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons.
oxidation reduction
oxidoreductase process
root
all
Teleostomi
Euteleostomi
bony vertebrates
Juniperus
junipers
Streptophytina
Charophyta/Embryophyta group
charophyte/embryophyte group
cellular organisms
biota
Dipnotetrapodomorpha
Cupressus
cypress
Boreoeutheria
Boreotheria
Acrogymnospermae
Mesangiospermae
Petrosaviidae
Cupressales
Arecoideae
Cocoseae
Cocoeae
Cocoseae Mart.
Elaeidinae
Homininae
Homo/Pan/Gorilla group
Eukaryota
Eucarya
Eucaryotae
Eukarya
Eukaryotae
eucaryotes
eukaryotes
eukaryotes
Euarchontoglires
Simiiformes
Anthropoidea
Hominoidea
ape
apes
Embryophyta
higher plants
land plants
land plants
plants
Tetrapoda
tetrapods
Amniota
amniotes
Theria <Mammalia>
Theria
Viridiplantae
Chlorobionta
Chlorophyta/Embryophyta group
chlorophyte/embryophyte group
green plants
green plants
Pinidae
Coniferales
Opisthokonta
Fungi/Metazoa group
opisthokonts
Metazoa
Animalia
animals
metazoans
multicellular animals
Bilateria
Deuterostomia
deuterostomes
Cupressaceae
cypress family
Magnoliophyta
Angiospermae
angiosperms
flowering plants
flowering plants
Streptophyta
Streptophyta Bremer 1985
Haplorrhini
Arecales
Areciflorae
Mammalia
mammals
mammals
Liliopsida
Monocotyledoneae
monocots
monocots
monocotyledons
Arecaceae
Palmae
palm family
palms
commelinids
Commelinidae
Commeliniflorae
Elaeis
Elaeis guineensis
African oil palm
Elaeis guineensis var. tenera
Elaeis guineensis var. tenera (Oil palm)
Elaeis guinensi
Elaeis gunieensis
Tracheophyta
vascular plants
vascular plants
Spermatophyta
seed plants
seed plants
Eumetazoa
Chordata
chordates
chordates
Vertebrata <Metazoa>
Vertebrata
vertebrates
vertebrates
Gnathostomata <vertebrate>
Gnathostomata
jawed vertebrates
Euphyllophyta
euphyllophytes
Sarcopterygii
Craniata <chordata>
Craniata
Eutheria
Placentalia
eutherian mammals
placental mammals
placentals
placentals
Primates
Primata
primate
primates
Catarrhini
Hominidae
Pongidae
great apes
Homo
Homo sapiens
human
man
quality
quality (PATO)
age
color pattern
composition
concentration of
frequency
hardness
morphology
shape
occurrence
odor
spatial pattern
qualitative
deviation(from_normal)
amount
sensitivity toward
size
length
mass
closure
position
structure
temperature
rate
time
viability
old
young
irregular spatial pattern
colorless
increased frequency
decreased frequency
hard
branched
curved
flat
sporadic
increased length
decreased length
increased size
decreased size
increased volume
decreased volume
closed
closure incomplete
open
crowded
erect
decreased rate
increased rate
volume
oblong
undulate
permeability
porosity
permeable
impermeable
porous
non-porous
viscosity
viscous
physical quality
pressure
efficiency
elongated
concentrated
decreased concentration
linear
Y-shaped
odorless
strength
process quality
physical object quality
increased temperature
area
amorphous
structured
unstructured
dead
medium acidity
acidic
alkaline
decayed
wholeness
broken
calcified
sensitivity to oxygen
aerobic
anaerobic
decreased depth
increased position
decreased position
sloped
condensed
functionality
functional
solubility
flexibility
flexible
inflexible
quality of a solid
quality of a gas
quality of a liquid
having extra function
decreased mass
increased mass
distributed
flow rate
increased pressure
curvature
arched
depth
protruding
deformed
decreased functionality
increased functionality
aggregated
protruding into
protruding out of
circumference
osmolarity
increased osmolarity
increased distribution
decreased distribution
decreased efficiency
increased efficiency
efficient
magnetism
magnetic
elevation
1-D extent
2-D extent
3-D extent
perimeter
increased perimeter
decreased perimeter
shedability
deciduous (plant)
evergreen (plant)
radiation quality
activity (of a radionuclide)
radioactive
granular
decreased strength
domed
ruffled
wetness
wet
dry
decreased fluid flow
increased fluid flow
acidity
increased acidity
vertical
horizontal
concave
cylindrical
U-shaped
hydrophobicity
hydrophobic
hydrophilicity
hydrophilic
tripartite
decreased circumference
movement quality
angular
frozen
dissolved
organismal quality
concavity
2-D shape
convex 3-D shape
concave 3-D shape
branchiness
structure, cavities
conical
decreased area
physical quality of a process
columnar
fenestrated
stratification
stratified
hollow
broken into two pieces
laminar
edibility
edible
inedible
sloped downward
straight
molecular quality
quality of a substance
slender
fan-shaped
V-shaped
fluid flow rate
platelike
flattened
semi erect
3-D shape
accumulation
increased accumulation
decreased accumulation
transient
tubular
increased quality
decreased quality
decreased process quality
decreased object quality
increased process quality
increased object quality
temporal distribution quality
broad
sunken
exposed
eroding
combustibility
increased combustibility
collection of organisms
A material entity that consists of two or more organisms, viruses, or viroids.
PCO:0000000
Consider moving to "object aggregate"
population
A collection of organisms, all of the same species, that live in the same place.
PCO:0000001
ecological community
A collection of organisms of at least two different species, living in a particular area.
PCO:0000002
collection of organisms of the same species
A material entity that has as parts two or more organisms, viruses, or viroids of the same species and no members of any other species.
PCO:0000018
whole plant
A plant structure (PO:0005679) which is a whole organism.
bush
clonal colony
colony
frutex
frutices
gametophyte
genet
herb
liana
planta entera (Spanish)
prothalli
prothallium
prothallus
ramet
seedling
shrub
sporophyte
suffrutex
suffrutices
tree
vine
woody clump
植物体全体 (Japanese)
root
A plant axis (PO:0025004) that is part of a root system (PO:0025025).
aerial root
climbing root
raíz (Spanish)
radices
radix
根 (Japanese)
plant organ
órgano vegetal (Spanish)
A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that is a functional unit, is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and includes portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types that derive from a common developmental path.
compound plant organ
organ
simple plant organ
植物 器官 (Japanese)
plant structure
An anatomical structure that is or was part of a plant, or was derived from a part of a plant.
estructura vegetal (Spanish)
植物 構造 (Japanese)
plant axis
An axial plant organ (PO:0009008).
eje de la planta (Spanish)
plant axes
植物軸(軸柱) (Japanese)
collective plant organ structure
A collective plant structure (PO:0025497) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and is composed of two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) and the associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007).
estructura vegetal colectiva de órgano (Spanish)
集合植物器官構造 (Japanese)
root system
A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that produces root apical meristems (PO:0020147) and the plant structures that arise from them.
root
sistema de raíz (Spanish)
根系 (Japanese)
plant anatomical entity
An anatomical entity that is or was part of a plant.
entidad anatómica vegetal (Spanish)
植物 解剖学(形態)的実体 (Japanese)
multi-tissue plant structure
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that has as parts two or more portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single structural unit demarcated by primarily bona-fide boundaries from other structural units of different types.
estructura vegetal con múltiples tejidos (Spanish)
複数の組織からなる植物構造 (Japanese)
collective plant structure
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003) and includes two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) or adjacent cardinal organ parts (PO:0025001), along with any associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007).
estructura vegetal colectiva (Spanish)
集合的植物構造 (Japanese)
system
May be replaced by a BFO class, as discussed in http://www.jbiomedsem.com/content/4/1/43
Chris Mungall
A material entity consisting of multiple components that are causally integrated.
http://www.jbiomedsem.com/content/4/1/43
uterine cervix
Lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina.
canalis cervicis uteri
caudal segment of uterus
cervical canal
cervical canal of uterus
cervix
cervix of uterus
cervix uteri
neck of uterus
uterine cervix
naris
Orifice of the olfactory system. The naris is the route by which odorants enter the olfactory system[MAH].
nose
The olfactory organ of vertebrates, consisting of nares, olfactory epithelia and the structures and skeletal framework of the nasal cavity.
nasal sac
nasus
nose
olfactory apparatus
peripheral olfactory organ
proboscis
islet of Langerhans
island of Langerhans
island of pancreas
islets of Langerhans
pancreatic insula
pancreatic islet
the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas
pituitary gland
Hp
The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands [GO]. An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin [ZFIN].
glandula pituitaria
hypophysis
hypophysis cerebri
pituitary
pituitary body
submucosa
A layer of dense irregular connective tissue that lines organs and supports the mucosa, as well as joins the mucosa to the bulk of underlying smooth muscle. [WP,unvetted].
organ submucosa
region of submucosa
submucosa of organ
submucosa of region of organ
submucous layer
tela submucosa
tunica submucosa
peripheral nervous system
A major division of the nervous system that contains nerves which connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands.
PNS
pars peripherica
systema nervosum periphericum
somatic nervous system
PNS - somatic
Part of peripheral nervous system that includes the somatic parts of the cranial and spinal nerves and their ganglia and the peripheral sensory receptors.
somatic nervous system, somatic division
somatic peripheral nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter [GO].
pars sympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi
pars sympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi
sympathetic nervous system
sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system
zone of skin
Any portion of the organ that covers that body and consists of a layer of epidermis and a layer of dermis.
portion of skin
region of skin
skin
skin region
skin zone
endocrine pancreas
The part of the pancreas that is part of the endocrine system and is made up of islet cells, which produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin.
endocrine pancreas
endocrine part of pancreas
islets of Langerhans part of pancreas
pars endocrina pancreatis
exocrine pancreas
The part of the pancreas that is part of the exocrine system and which produces and store zymogens of digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and trypsinogen in the acinar cells [GO].
exocrine component of pancreas
exocrine pancreas
exocrine part of pancreas
pars exocrina pancreatis
compound eye
A light sensing organ composed of ommatidia
Facettenauge
Komplexauge
adult compound eye
faceted eye
insect eye
zusammengesetztes Auge
camera-type eye
An organ of sight that includes the camera-type eyeball and supporting structures such as the lacrimal apparatus, the conjunctiva, the eyelid.
camera-type eye plus associated structures
eye
eyes
orbital part of face
orbital region
regio orbitalis
vertebrate eye
sense organ
An organ that is capable of transducing sensory stimulus to the nervous system.
Sinnesorgan
organ of sense organ system
organ of sensory organ system
organ of sensory system
sense organ system organ
sensillum
sensor
sensory organ
sensory organ system organ
sensory system organ
cutaneous appendage
Anatomical projection that protrudes from the skin. Examples: hair, nail, feather, claw, hoof, horn, wattle, spur, beak, antler, bristle and some scales.
epidermal appendage
epidermal growth
skin appendage
feather
one of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds. Feathers are formed in tiny follicles in the epidermis, or outer skin layer, that produce keratin proteins.
tube
Any hollow cylindrical anatomical structure containing a lumen through which substances are transported.
anatomical tube
duct
appendage
Major subdivision of an organism that protrudes from the body[DOS, CARO].
appendages
extremitaet
extremity
limbs/digits/tail
lymph node
Any of the rounded masses of lymphoid tissue that are surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue, are distributed along the lymphatic vessels, and contain numerous lymphocytes which filter the flow of lymph.
lymph gland
nodus lymphaticus
lamina propria
A thin layer of loose connective tissue which lies beneath the epithelium and together with the epithelium constitutes the mucosa[WP]. The lamina propria contains capillaries and a central lacteal (lymph vessel) in the small intestine, as well as lymphoid tissue. Lamina propria also contains glands with the ducts opening on to the mucosal epithelium, that secrete mucus and serous secretions.
lamina propria mucosa
lamina propria mucosae
tunica propria
lamina propria of trachea
A lamina propria that is part of a respiratory airway.
lamina propria mucosa of trachea
lamina propria mucosa of windpipe
lamina propria mucosae of trachea
lamina propria mucosae of windpipe
lamina propria of windpipe
trachea lamina propria
trachea lamina propria mucosa
trachea lamina propria mucosae
tracheal lamina propria
windpipe lamina propria
windpipe lamina propria mucosa
windpipe lamina propria mucosae
head
The head is the anterior-most division of the body [GO].
adult head
cephalic area
head (volume)
follicular fluid
The fluid surrounding the ovum and granulosa cells in the ovarian follicle.
antral fluid, ovarian follicle
liquor follicularis
liquor folliculi
liquor folliculi
ovarian follicular fluid
ovary follicle fluid
ovary follicular fluid
serous membrane
multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer (mesothelium) and a connective tissue layer.
serosa
tunica serosa
wall of serous sac
tendon
Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone[VSAO].
sinew
tendo
dorsal root ganglion
* Sensory ganglia located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column. The spinal ganglion cells are pseudounipolar. The single primary branch bifurcates sending a peripheral process to carry sensory information from the periphery and a central branch which relays that information to the spinal cord or brain. (MSH) * ganglion found on the posterior root of each spinal nerve, composed of the unipolar nerve cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the nerve. (CSP)
DRG
dorsal root ganglia
dorsal root ganglion
ganglion of dorsal root
ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis
ganglion spinale
ganglion spinalis
posterior root ganglion
spinal ganglion
spinal ganglion part of peripheral nervous system
ganglion
A biological tissue mass, most commonly a mass of nerve cell bodies.
ganglia
neural ganglion
simple eye
An eye with one concave chamber. Note that 'simple' does not imply a reduced level of complexity or acuity.
macula
Thickened areas of the saccule or utricle where the termination of the vestibular nerve occurs[MESH,modified].
acoustic macula
acoustic maculae
macula
maculae
sensory macula
sensory patch
vessel
A tubular structure that contains, conveys body fluid, such as blood or lymph.
ureter
Muscular duct that propels urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, or related organs.
metanephric duct
urethra
the fibromuscular tubular canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the exterior via the external urinary meatus; in males, the urethra is joined by the ejaculatory ducts and serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation, as well as a canal for urine during voiding; in females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening
duct
A tubular structure that transports secreted or excreted substances.
anatomical duct
ducts
exocrine duct
exocrine gland duct
large intestine
A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong].
intestinum crassum
anatomical wall
Organ component adjacent to an organ cavity and which consists of a maximal aggregate of organ component layers.
organ wall
wall
wall of organ
anatomical structure
Material anatomical entity that is a single connected structure with inherent 3D shape generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome.
biological structure
connected biological structure
organ
Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions [WP].
anatomical unit
body organ
element
organ subunit
A part of an organ that constitutes a distinct modular sub-unit. In some cases, the organ may also contain other sub-units of identical or similar types, in other cases this may be a distinct entity.
organ region with fixed fiat boundary
organ segment
segment of organ
organ part
A multicellular structure that is a part of an organ.
cardinal organ part
regional part of organ
respiratory tract
Anatomical structure that is part of the respiratory system. In mammals consists of upper and lower tracts
proximo-distal subdivision of respiratory tract
An section of a respiratory tract.
respiratory tract
subdivision of respiratory tract
regional part of nervous system
Any part or collection of parts of the central or peripheral nervous system. Parts may span both CNS and PNS.
part of nervous system
renal glomerulus
A capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney[GO].
Malphigian glomerulus
Malpighian glomerulus
Malpighian tuft
glomerular capillary tuft
glomerular tuft
glomerulus
glomerulus renis
renal corpuscle
renal glomeruli
subdivision of skeletal system
Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements and articular elements that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism.
skeletal system part
skeletal system subdivision
external ectoderm
The surface (external) layer of ectoderm which begins to proliferate shortly after separation from the neuroectoderm.
surface (external) ectoderm
surface ectoderm
mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
An anatomical structure that develops from the endoderm and the mesoderm.
mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
An anatomical structure that develops from the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
male reproductive system
The organs associated with producing offspring in the gender that produces spermatozoa.
genitalia of male organism
male genital organ
male genital system
male genital tract
male genitalia
male genitals
male organism genitalia
male organism reproductive system
male reproductive tract
reproductive system of male organism
systema genitale masculinum
mesonephros
The second stage of the kidney. It serves as the main excretory organ of aquatic vertebrates and as a temporary embryonic kidney in higher vertebrates. It is composed of the mesonephric duct (also called the Wolffian duct), mesonephric tubules, and associated capillary tufts. A single tubule and its associated capillary tuft is called a mesonephric excretory unit; these units are similar in structure and function to nephrons of the adult kidney. The mesonephros is derived from intermediate mesoderm in the vertebrate embryo.
Wolffian body
amphibian adult kidney
corpus Wolffi
mesonephric kidney
mesonephroi
middle kidney
opisthonephros
opisto nephros
opistonephros
metanephros
In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine[GO]
definite kidney
definitive kidney
hind kidney
metanephric kidney
metanephron
mesonephric tubule
A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros[GO]. Genital ridge that is next to the mesonephros[WP].
renal tubules
tubuli mesonephrici
ureteric bud
An epithelial swelling on the Wolffian duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme[MP]
diverticulum
diverticulum metanephricum
gemma ureterica
metanephric bud
metanephric diverticulum
ureteric ampulla
ureteric diverticulum
morula
A spherical embryonic mass of blastomeres formed before the blastula and resulting from cleavage of the fertilized ovum.
morula (2-16 cells)
inner cell mass
A mass of cells that develop into the body of the embryo and some extraembryonic tissues
ICM
early embryoblast
embryoblast
embryoblastus; massa cellularis interna; pluriblastus senior
pluriblast
trophoblast
massa cellularis externa
the mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta
trophoblast layer
trophoblastus
trophoderm
bilaminar disc
A flattened, almost circular bilaminar plate of cells formed when the inner cell mass (aka embryoblast) forms two epithelial layers, each of a distinct lineage, separated by an extracellular basement membrane: the external (dorsal) layer is called the epiblast and the internal (ventral) layer is called the hypoblast (aka primitive endoderm); together, they compose the bilaminar embryonic disc.
bilaminar disk
bilaminary embryonic disc
bilaminary germ disc
embryonic disc
embryonic shield
germinal disc
germinal disk
membrane organ
Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue organized into a sheet which interconnects two or more organs, separates two or more body spaces from one another, or surrounds an organ or body part. Examples: interosseous membrane of forearm, obturator membrane, tympanic membrane, fibrous pericardium, fascia lata, dura mater. [FMA]
membrane
membrane of organ
cardiac neural crest
cardiac neural crest complex
complexus cristae neuralis cardiacus
portion of neural crest that develops from the dorsal neural tube. It overlaps the vagal neural crest and migrates to populate the pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 (producing structures in the head) and to the heart, forming connective tissue that separates the great vessels of the heart. [Wikipedia]
lung vasculature
The lung vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs[GO].
lung vascular network
pulmonary vasculature
vascular network of lung
vasculature of lung
lung connective tissue
connective tissue of lung
lung interstitial tissue
lung interstitium
pulmonary connective tissue
pulmonary interstitial tissue
pulmonary interstitium
the connective tissue located between the respiratory (airway and alveolar) epithelium, the capillary endothelium and pleural mesothelium; it contains basement membrane composed of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin
lung epithelium
The epithelial layer of the lung.
epithelial tissue of lung
epithelium of lung
lung epithelial tissue
pulmonary epithelium
respiratory tube
A tube in the respiratory system. Examples: bronchus, bronchiole, trachea.
respiratory conducting tube
segment of tracheobronchial tree
segment of tracheobronchial tree
tracheobronchial tree segment
lung bud
Structure derived from foregut that becomes a lung[GO].
gemma pulmonalis
gemma respiratoria
lung bud
primary lung bud
respiratory diverticulum
cell layer
Portion of tissue, that consists of single layer of cells connected to each other by cell junctions. Examples: layer of glial cells; epithelium.
cell sheath
layer
layer of cells
sheath of cells
perineurium
A layer of thin, concentrically arranged cells with interspersed collagen that lies within the epineurium. (Nolte, J., The Human Brain 3rd edition)
neuron projection bundle
A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses.
funiculus
nerve fiber bundle
neural fiber bundle
neural nucleus
A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections, and including nearby cells that share the same cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO)
nervous system nucleus
neuraxis nucleus
neuronal nucleus
nucleus
nucleus of CNS
nucleus of neuraxis
anterior region of body
posterior region of body
membranous layer
membrane
membranous organ component
anal canal
The terminal part of the large intestine, continuous proximally with the rectum and distally terminates with the anus.
anal canal
anal canal viewed anatomically
anal pad
anatomical anal canal
anus
canalis analis
cloaca
cloacal chamber
mesenteron
pars analis recti
intestine
Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine.
bowel
intestinal tract
orifice
Anatomical conduit that connects two adjacent body spaces (or a body space with the space surrounding the organism)[FMA,modified].
anatomical orifice
anatomical ostium
hilum
ostium
cloaca
Common chamber into which the intestines and excretory system opens. Arises during development in all vertebrates, but in many it becomes subdivided, lost or incorporated into other structures
cloacal chamber
vent
embryonic cloaca
cloaca
endoderm-lined chamber that develops as pouch-like dilation of the caudal end of the hindgut and receives the allantois ventrally and two mesonephric ducts laterally; caudally it ends blindly at the cloacal membrane formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm[MP].
primitive urogenital sinus
UGS
fetal UGS
sinus urogenitalis
the ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females
urogenital sinus
mouth
The proximal portion of the digestive tract, containing the oral cavity and bounded by the oral opening. In vertebrates, this extends to the pharynx and includes gums, lips, tongue and parts of the palate. Typically also includes the teeth, except where these occur elsewhere (e.g. pharyngeal jaws) or protrude from the mouth (tusks).
adult mouth
cavital oralis
cavitas oris
cavum oris
mouth cavity
oral region
oral vestibule
regio oralis
rima oris
stoma
stomatodaeum
trophic apparatus
vestibule of mouth
vestibulum oris
oral opening
The orifice that connects the mouth to the exterior of the body.
mouth
oral fissure
oral orifice
oral part of face
proximal-distal subdivision of colon
A section dividing a colon along a proximal-distal axis.
segment of colon
pair of lungs
The pair of anatomical structures comprised of a left lung and right lung.
lungs
lungs pair
pulmones
set of lungs
respiration organ
Organ that functions in gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms.
apparatus respiratorius organ
breathing organ
gas exchange organ
organ of apparatus respiratorius
organ of respiratory system
respiratory organ
respiratory system organ
vomit
A bodily fluid consisting of the expulsed contents of the stomach disgorged through the mouth or nose that happens as a result of a vomit reflex.
vomitus
amniotic fluid
Amniotic fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of watery liquid surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion. It allows the fetus to move freely without the walls of the uterus being too tight against its body. Buoyancy is also provided. The composition of the fluid changes over the course of gestation. Initially, amniotic fluid is similar to maternal plasma, mainly water with electrolytes. As the fetus develops, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, phospholipids originating from the lungs, fetal cells, and urea are deposited in the fluid.
acqua amnii
liquor amnii
excreta
A portion of organism substance that is the product of an excretion process that will be eliminated from the body. An excretion process is elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity
excreted substance
excretion
portion of excreted substance
waste substance
pleural effusion
Pleural effusion is a bodily fluid that is produced in exess and accumulates in the pleural cavity, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. Excessive amounts of such fluid can impair breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs during inhalation.
oronasal secretion
A bodily fluid secreted from the body via the mouth or nose.
blood
A fluid that is composed of blood plasma and erythrocytes.
portion of blood
vertebrate blood
whole blood
haemolymphatic fluid
Circulating fluid that is part of the hemolymphoid system. Blood, lymph, interstitial fluid or its analogs.
blood or blood analog
circulating fluid
pallium
Dorsal part (roof region) of the telencephalon[GO].
area dorsalis telencephali
dorsal part of telencephalon
dorsal telencephalic area
dorsal telencephalon
ventral part of telencephalon
Dorsal part (base region) of the telencephalon.
area ventralis telencephali
subpallium
subpallium
ventral telencephalon
ligament
Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements or supporting an organ.
ligament organ
amnion
amnios
the thin innermost layer of the extraembryonic membranes that contains the amniotic fluid; the membrane forms a closed sac in which the embryo and later, the fetus, is suspended and protected
blastula
Organism at the blastula stage - an early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence.
blastosphere
blastula embryo
breast
The upper ventral region of an animal's torso.
mamma
mammary part of chest
mammary region
portion of cartilage tissue in tibia
Cartilage pertaining to the tibia.
cartilage of tibia
tibial cartilage
cecum mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a cecum [Automatically generated definition].
caecum mucosa
caecum mucosa of organ
caecum mucous membrane
caecum organ mucosa
cecal mucosa
cecum mucosa of organ
cecum mucous membrane
cecum organ mucosa
intestinum crassum caecum mucosa
intestinum crassum caecum mucosa of organ
intestinum crassum caecum mucous membrane
intestinum crassum caecum organ mucosa
mucosa of caecum
mucosa of cecum
mucosa of intestinum crassum caecum
mucosa of organ of caecum
mucosa of organ of cecum
mucosa of organ of intestinum crassum caecum
mucous membrane of caecum
mucous membrane of cecum
mucous membrane of intestinum crassum caecum
organ mucosa of caecum
organ mucosa of cecum
organ mucosa of intestinum crassum caecum
colonic mucosa
Mucosa that is part of a colon. The mucosa of the colon is lined by a simple columnar epithelium with a thin brush border and numerous goblet cells.
colon mucosa
colon mucous membrane
colonic mucosa
colonic mucous membrane
large bowel mucosa
mucosa of colon
mucosa of large bowel
duodenal mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition].
doudenal mucosa
duodenal mucous membrane
duodenum mucosa
mucosa of duodenum
mucous membrane of duodenum
late embryo
An embryo that is at the late embryonic stage; this stage covers late steps of the embryogenesis with a fully formed embryo still developing before birth or egg hatching.
embryo late growth stage
embryo late stage
fetus
gastric gland
The branched tubular glands found in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach which contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid and zymogenic cells that produce pepsin.
gut wall
The wall of the digestive tract. This encompasses all parts of the digestive tract with the exception of the lumen (cavity).
digestive tract wall
wall of alimentary tract
wall of digestive tract
wall of gut
ileal mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a ileum [Automatically generated definition].
ileal mucous membrane
ileum mucosa
ileum mucosa of organ
ileum mucous membrane
ileum organ mucosa
mucosa of ileum
mucosa of organ of ileum
mucous membrane of ileum
organ mucosa of ileum
yellow bone marrow
bone marrow in which the fat cells predominate in the meshes of the reticular network.
fat marrow
medulla ossium flava
yellow marrow
intestinal gland
A gland that is part of the intestinal mucosa. Examples include the intestinal crypts, duodenal gland[cjm].
bowel mucosa gland
bowel mucosa of organ gland
bowel mucous membrane gland
bowel organ mucosa gland
gland of bowel mucosa
gland of bowel mucosa of organ
gland of bowel mucous membrane
gland of bowel organ mucosa
gland of intestinal mucosa
gland of intestine mucosa
gland of intestine mucosa of organ
gland of intestine mucous membrane
gland of intestine organ mucosa
gland of mucosa of bowel
gland of mucosa of intestine
gland of mucosa of organ of bowel
gland of mucosa of organ of intestine
gland of mucous membrane of bowel
gland of mucous membrane of intestine
gland of organ mucosa of bowel
gland of organ mucosa of intestine
glandula intestinalis
glandulae intestinales
intestinal mucosa gland
intestine mucosa gland
intestine mucosa of organ gland
intestine mucous membrane gland
intestine organ mucosa gland
mucosa of bowel gland
mucosa of intestine gland
mucosa of organ of bowel gland
mucosa of organ of intestine gland
mucous membrane of bowel gland
mucous membrane of intestine gland
organ mucosa of bowel gland
organ mucosa of intestine gland
mucosa
A lining of mostly endodermal origin, covered in epithelium, which is involved in absorption and secretion. They line various body cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs. It is at several places continuous with skin: at the nostrils, the lips, the ears, the genital area, and the anus. The sticky, thick fluid secreted by the mucous membranes and gland is termed mucus. The term mucous membrane refers to where they are found in the body and not every mucous membrane secretes mucus[WP]
mucosa of organ
mucosa of organ part
mucosal region
mucous membrane
organ mucosa
region of mucosa
tunica mucosa
limbic system
A set of midline structures surrounding the brainstem of the mammalian brain, originally described anatomically, e.g., hippocampal formation, amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate cortex. Although the original designation was anatomical, the limbic system has come to be associated with the system in the brain subserving emotional functions. As such, it is very poorly defined and doesn't correspond closely to the anatomical meaning any longer. [BirnLex].
visceral brain
parenchyma
functional part of an organ in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma, which refers to the structural tissue of organs, being exactly, connective tissues.
pharyngeal mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of pharynx
mucosa of pharynx
mucous membrane of pharynx
mucous membrane of the pharynx
organ mucosa of pharynx
pharynx mucosa
pharynx mucosa of organ
pharynx mucous membrane
pharynx organ mucosa
tunica mucosa pharyngea
tunica mucosa pharyngis
blastocyst
The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm[GO].
blastocystis
blastula
renal medulla
kidney medulla
medulla of kidney
medulla renalis
medullary pyramids
pyramides renales
renal marrow
renal medullae
renal medullae set
renal pyramids
renal pyramids set
the inner portion of the kidney consisting of the renal pyramids
urothelium
An epithelial tissue layer that lines much of the urinary tract, including the renal pelvis, the ureters, the bladder, and parts of the urethra.
epithelium transitionale
transitional epithelium
transitional epithelium
uroepithelium
corpus striatum
The corpus striatum (striated body) is a compound structure consisting of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus, which consists of the putamen and the globus pallidus[WP].
striate body
striated body
hindlimb stylopod
The part of the hindlimb between pelvis and the knee, corresponding to the femur.
femur
hind limb stylopod
hind limb stylopodium
hind propodium
hindlimb propodium
hindlimb stylopod
hindlimb stylopodium
proximal segment of free lower limb
stylopod of hind limb
stylopod of hindlimb
stylopod of lower limb
thigh
upper leg
tongue muscle
The muscular portion of the tongue.
muscle of tongue
muscle organ of tongue
musculi linguae
skeletal muscle tissue of tongue
tongue skeletal muscle
tongue skeletal muscle tissue
tracheal mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a respiratory airway.
mucosa of organ of trachea
mucosa of organ of windpipe
mucosa of trachea
mucosa of windpipe
mucous membrane of trachea
mucous membrane of windpipe
organ mucosa of trachea
organ mucosa of windpipe
trachea mucosa
trachea mucosa of organ
trachea mucous membrane
trachea organ mucosa
tracheal mucous membrane
tunica mucosa (tracheae)
tunica mucosa tracheae
windpipe mucosa
windpipe mucosa of organ
windpipe mucous membrane
windpipe organ mucosa
apocrine sweat gland
Apocrine sweat glands are sweat glands composed of a coiled secretory portion located at the junction of the dermis and subcutaneous fat, from which a straight portion inserts and secretes into the infundibular portion of the hair follicle. The ducts of apocrine glands open into the canals of hair follicles. The stimulus for the secretion of apocrine sweat glands is adrenaline, which is a hormone carried in the blood[WP].
glandula sudorifera apocrina
musculature of body
The subdivision of the musculoskeletal system that consists of all the muscles of the body[VSAO, modified].
muscle system
muscle system of body
muscular system
musculature system
muskelsystem
set of all muscles
set of muscles of body
vertebrate muscular system
cochlear ganglion
Corti's ganglion
The group of nerve cell bodies that conveys auditory sensation from the organ of Corti to the hindbrain and resides on the cochlear part of the vestibulocochlear nerve (eighth cranial nerve)[MP]. distributed to the hair cells of the spiral organ. The cochlear fibers arise in bipolar cells in the spiral ganglion in the modiolus.
cochlear part of vestibulocochlear ganglion
ganglion cochlearis
ganglion of Corti
ganglion spirale
ganglion spirale cochleae
spiral ganglion
spiral ganglion of cochlea
vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion cochlear component
vestibulocochlear ganglion cochlear component
colonic epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition].
colon epithelial tissue
colon epithelium
epithelial tissue of colon
epithelial tissue of large bowel
epithelium of colon
epithelium of large bowel
large bowel epithelial tissue
large bowel epithelium
posterior intestine epithelium
jejunal mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition].
jejunal mucous membrane
jejunum mucosa
jejunum mucosa of organ
jejunum mucous membrane
jejunum organ mucosa
mucosa of jejunum
mucosa of organ of jejunum
mucous membrane of jejunum
organ mucosa of jejunum
jejunal epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a jejunum.
epithelium of jejunum
sympathetic trunk
One of a a paired bundle of nerve fibers plus ganglia that run from the base of the skull to the coccyx.
gangliated cord
sympathetic chain
sympathetic ganglionic chain
truncus sympathicus
serous gland
A gland in which the principal secretory cells are serous secreting cells.
bronchial mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition].
bronchi mucosa
bronchi mucosa of organ
bronchi mucous membrane
bronchi organ mucosa
bronchial trunk mucosa
bronchial trunk mucosa of organ
bronchial trunk mucous membrane
bronchial trunk organ mucosa
bronchus mucosa
bronchus mucosa of organ
bronchus mucous membrane
bronchus organ mucosa
mucosa of bronchi
mucosa of bronchial trunk
mucosa of bronchus
mucosa of organ of bronchi
mucosa of organ of bronchial trunk
mucosa of organ of bronchus
mucous membrane of bronchi
mucous membrane of bronchial trunk
mucous membrane of bronchus
organ mucosa of bronchi
organ mucosa of bronchial trunk
organ mucosa of bronchus
tunica mucosa bronchi
dermal papilla
A mesodermal signaling center of the hair follicle consisting of closely packed specialized mesenchymal fibroblasts. Framed by the enlarged bulb matrix in anagen.
dermal papilla cell
dermal papillae
follicular papilla
hair follicle dermal papilla
hair papilla
papilla corii
papilla dermatis
papilla dermis
papilla of corium
papillae dermis
skin papilla
mucous gland
A gland in which the principal secretory cells are mucus secreting cells.
glandula mucosa
muciparous gland
mucous secreting gland
mucus gland
mucus-secreting gland
artery wall
An anatomical wall that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition].
arterial wall
wall of artery
eccrine sweat gland
A merocrine, unbranched, unbranched, coiled, tubular gland sweat gland. In humans, distributed over almost all of the body surface, and promote cooling by evaporation of their secretion.
eccrine gland
glandula sudorifera eccrina
glandula sudorifera merocrina
merocrine sweat gland
prostate epithelium
The prostate epithelium.
epithelial tissue of prostate
epithelial tissue of prostate gland
epithelium of prostate
epithelium of prostate gland
epithelium of prostatic gland
prostate epithelial tissue
prostate gland epithelial tissue
prostate gland epithelium
prostatic epithelium
prostatic gland epithelium
lymphoid follicle
.
folliculus lymphaticus
lymphatic follicle
lymphatic nodule
lymphoid nodule
nodular lymphoid tissue
nodulus lymphaticus
nodulus lymphoideus
cerebral subcortex
The layer located below the cerebral cortex that includes the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.
cerebral medulla
subcortex
bodily secretion
A portion of organism substance that is produced by exocrine glands.
exocrine gland fluid
exocrine gland fluid or secretion
exocrine gland fluid/secretion
exocrine gland secretion
external secretion
secreted substance
secretion
endocervix
1. The mucous membrane lining the canal of the cervix uteri. 2. The region of the opening of the uterine cervix into the uterine cavity.
uterine wall
An anatomical wall that is part of a uterus [Automatically generated definition].
anatomical wall of uterus
uterus anatomical wall
uterus wall
wall of uterus
organism substance
Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body.
body fluid or substance
body substance
organism substance
portion of body substance
portion of organism substance
anatomical space
Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures.
anatomical spaces
lumen
lumen space
space
material anatomical entity
Anatomical entity that has mass.
immaterial anatomical entity
Anatomical entity that has no mass.
immaterial physical anatomical entity
anatomical system
Multicellular, connected anatomical structure that has multiple organs as parts and whose parts work together to achieve some shared function.
anatomical systems
body system
connected anatomical system
organ system
system
multicellular organism
Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell.
Koerper
animal
body
multi-cellular organism
organism
whole body
whole organism
compound organ component
Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ.
compound organ components
testis
A gonad of a male animal. A gonad produces and releases sperm.
gonad of male genitalia
gonad of male reproductive system
male gonad
orchis
testes
testicle
testiculus
female reproductive system
The organs and associated structures associated with bearing offspring in a female animal.
female genital system
female genital tract
female genitalia
female genitals
female organism genitalia
female organism reproductive system
female reproductive tract
genitalia of female organism
gynaecological tissue
reproductive system of female organism
systema genitale femininum
organism subdivision
Anatomical structure which is a subdivision of a whole organism, consisting of components of multiple anatomical systems, largely surrounded by a contiguous region of integument.
anatomic region
body part
body region
cardinal body part
acellular anatomical structure
Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue.
acellular anatomical structures
anatomical cluster
Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another.
extraembryonic structure
A multicellular anatomical structure that is associated with an embryo and derived from the zygote from which it develops, but which does not contribute to the embryo proper or to structures that are part of the same organism after embryogenesis.
extra-embryonic structure
extraembryonic structures
extraembryonic tissue
tissue
Multicellular anatomical structure that consists of many cells of one or a few types, arranged in an extracellular matrix such that their long-range organisation is at least partly a repetition of their short-range organisation.
portion of tissue
simple tissue
tissue portion
anatomical group
Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue.
multi-tissue structure
Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types.
multi-tissue structures
epithelium
Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. Examples: simple squamous epithelium, glandular cuboidal epithelium, transitional epithelium, myoepithelium[CARO].
epithelial tissue
portion of epithelium
simple cuboidal epithelium
Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells.
epithelium simplex cuboideum
simple cuboidal epithelia
simple columnar epithelium
Unilaminar epithelium, which consists of a single layer of columnar cells. Examples: ciliated columnar epithelium, gastric epithelium, microvillus columnar epithelium.[FMA]
columnar epithelium
columnar epithlium
epithelium simplex columnare
simple columnar epithelia
simple columnar epithelium
multilaminar epithelium
Epithelium which consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells that may or may not be in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, ciliated stratified columnar epithelium.[FMA]
laminated epithelium
stratified epithelium
simple squamous epithelium
Unilaminar epithelium which consists of a single layer of squamous cells. Examples: pulmonary alveolar epithelium, endothelium.[FMA]
epithelium simplex squamosum
simple squamous epithelia
atypical epithelium
Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one ore more layers.
atypical epithelia
heterogenous epithelium
cavitated compound organ
Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces.
cavitated compound organs
cavitated organ
unilaminar epithelium
Epithelium which consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. Examples: endothelium, mesothelium, glandular squamous epithelium.[FMA]
simple epithelium
unilaminar epithelia
chyme
A semifluid mass of partly digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum.
chymus
chyle
Chyle is a bodily fluid consisting of a milky fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats; formed in the small intestine during digestion of ingested fats.
mucus
Mucus is a bodily fluid consisting of a slippery secretion of the lining of the mucous membranes in the body. It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes (such as lysozyme) and immunoglobulins. Mucus is produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes that cover the surfaces of the membranes. It is made up of mucins and inorganic salts suspended in water.
interstitial fluid
Interstitial fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of a solution which bathes and surrounds the cells of multicellular animals. It is the main component of the extracellular fluid, which also includes plasma and transcellular fluid.
intercellular fluid
tissue fluid
thoracic segment of trunk
Subdivision of trunk that lies between the head and the abdomen.
anterior subdivision of trunk
thorax
upper body
upper trunk
abdomen
The subdivision of the vertebrate body between the thorax and pelvis. The ventral part of the abdomen contains the abdominal cavity and visceral organs. The dorsal part includes the abdominal section of the vertebral column.
abdominopelvic region
abdominopelvis
adult abdomen
belly
celiac region
embryo
Anatomical entity that comprises the organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant.
developing organism
developmental tissue
embryonic organism
germ layer
A layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the animal embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation. The three types of germ layers are the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm.
embryonic germ layer
embryonic germ layers
embryonic tissue
germinal layer
primary germ layer
ectoderm
Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's three germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue.
embryonic ectoderm
endoderm
Primary germ layer that lies remote from the surface of the embryo and gives rise to internal tissues such as gut.
entoderm
mesoderm
The middle germ layer of the embryo, between the endoderm and ectoderm.
embryonic mesoderm
entire mesoderm
mesodermal mantle
stomodeum
Anterior part of the embryonic digestive tract that develops into a mouth. The stomodeum includes as parts an invagination of the ectoderm and the stomodeal cavity.
mouth pit
mouth primordium
oral ectoderm
oral pit
primitive oral cavity
stomatodeum
stomodaeum
stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium
stomach
An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium.
anterior intestine
gaster
mesenteron
stomach chamber
ventriculus
aorta
The main trunk of the systemic arterial system that carries blood from the heart to all the organs and other structures of the body, bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation
arteria maxima
dorsal aorta
trunk of aortic tree
trunk of systemic arterial tree
heart
A myogenic muscular circulatory organ found in the vertebrate cardiovascular system composed of chambers of cardiac muscle. It is the primary circulatory organ.
Herz@de
branchial heart
cardium
chambered heart
vertebrate heart
endocrine system
Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce endocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity.
endocrine glandular system
endocrine system
systema endocrinum
brain
The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell[WP].
encephalon
suprasegmental levels of nervous system
suprasegmental structures
synganglion
the brain
cerebral cortex
The thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that develops from the telencephalon. It consists of the neocortex (6 layered cortex or isocortex), the hippocampal formation and the olfactory cortex.
brain cortex
cortex cerebralis
cortex cerebri
cortex of cerebral hemisphere
cortical plate (CTXpl)
cortical plate (areas)
pallium of the brain
lamina
Any thin layer or plate.
laminar tissue
medulla of organ
Middle part of an organ, surrounded by the cortex.
medulla
thoracic ganglion
The thoracic ganglia are paravertebral ganglia. The thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk typically has 12 thoracic ganglia. Emerging from the ganglia are thoracic splancic nerves (the cardiopulmonary, the greater, lesser, and least splanchic nerves) that help provide sympathetic innervation to abdominal structures. Also, the ganglia of the thoracic sympathetic trunk have both white and gray rami communicantes. The white rami carry sympathetic fibers arising in the spinal cord into the sympathetic trunk. [WP,unvetted].
ganglion of thorax
ganglion thoracicum splanchnicum
thoracic paravertebral ganglion
thoracic splanchnic ganglion
thoracic sympathetic ganglion
thorax ganglion
cornea
cornea of camera-type eye
corneas
the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure
tunica cornea
lens of camera-type eye
Transparent part of camera-type eye that helps to refract light to be focused on the retina.
camera-type eye lens
crystalline lens
eye lens
lens
lens crystallina
lenses
ocular lens
retina
Netzhaut
The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates.
inner layer of eyeball
retina of camera-type eye
retinas
tunica interna of eyeball
eye
An organ that detects light.
light-detecting organ
visual apparatus
neck
An organism subdivision that extends from the head to the pectoral girdle, encompassing the cervical vertebral column.
collum
neck (volume)
pleura
The invaginated serous membrane that surrounds the lungs (the visceral portion) and lines the walls of the pleural cavity (parietal portion).
pleura
pleural tissue
wall of pleural sac
leg
The portion of the hindlimb that contains both the stylopod and zeugopod.
lower extremity
tetrapod leg
tibia
The major preaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape].
shankbone
shinbone
femur
Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium skeleton.[VSAO, modified].
femoral bone
mesomere 1 of pevlic appendage
os femorale
os femoris
os longissimum
proximal metapterygial mesomere of pelvic appendage
proximal metapterygial mesomere of pelvic fin
thigh bone
skeletal joint
Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent skeletal structures, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue[VSAO].
articular joint
articulation
joint
joints
penis
A intromittent organ in certain biologically male organisms. In placental mammals, this also serves as the organ of urination
penes
phallus
reproductive system
Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction.
Geschlechtsorgan
animal reproductive system
genital system
genital tract
genitalia
organa genitalia
reproductive tissue
reproductive tract
systemata genitalia
gonad
Reproductive organ that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis).
gonada
gonads
female gonad
female organism genitalia gonad
female organism genitalia gonada
female organism reproductive system gonad
female organism reproductive system gonada
female reproductive system gonad
female reproductive system gonada
genitalia of female organism gonad
genitalia of female organism gonada
gonad of female organism genitalia
gonad of female organism reproductive system
gonad of female reproductive system
gonad of genitalia of female organism
gonad of reproductive system of female organism
gonada of female organism genitalia
gonada of female organism reproductive system
gonada of female reproductive system
gonada of genitalia of female organism
gonada of reproductive system of female organism
ovaries
ovarium
ovary
ovum-producing ovary
reproductive system of female organism gonad
reproductive system of female organism gonada
the gonad of a female organism which contains germ cells
oviduct
A tube or collection of tubes in an animal from the ovaries to the outside of the body.
female reproductive tracts
ovarian duct
ovarian tube
oviducts
tuba uterina
tuba uterinae
tubular parts of female reproductive system
uterine tube
uterus
the female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth
vagina
A fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles[WP].
distal oviductal region
distal portion of oviduct
vaginae
seminal vesicle
Either of a pair of glandular pouches that lie one on either side of the male reproductive tract posterolateral to the urinary bladder and in the human male secrete a sugar- and protein-containing fluid into the ejaculatory duct.
glandula seminalis
glandula vesiculosa
gonecyst
seminal gland
vas efferens
vesicula seminalis
vesiculae seminales
vesicular gland
vesicular glands
vesicular seminalis
vesiculæ seminales
skin epidermis
The outer epithelial layer of the skin that is superficial to the dermis.
epidermis
skin
vertebrate epidermis
respiratory system
Atmungssystem
Functional system which consists of structures involved in respiration.
apparatus respiratorius
apparatus respiratorius
respiratory system
systema respiratorium
respiratory airway
An airway through which respiratory air passes in organisms.
airway
airways
digestive system
Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes.
alimentary system
alimentary tract
gastrointestinal system
gut
renal system
The renal system in an anatomical system that maintains fluid balance and contributes to electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and disposal of nitrogenous waste products..
excretory system
renal or urinary system
renal system
renal/urinary system
systema urinaria
systema urinarium
urinary system
urinary tract
circulatory system
organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis[WP].
systema cardiovasculare
adipose tissue
Portion of connective tissue composed of adipocytes enmeshed in areolar tissue
adipose
bodyfat
fat
fat tissue
fatty depot
fatty tissue
musculature
A subdivision of the muscular system corresponding to a subdisivision of an organism.
muscle group
muscle system
muscles
muscles set
musculature
musculature system
musculi
set of muscles
set of skeletal muscles
nervous system
The nervous system is an organ system containing predominantly neuron and glial cells. In bilaterally symmetrical organism, it is arranged in a network of tree-like structures connected to a central body. The main functions of the nervous system are to regulate and control body functions, and to receive sensory input, process this information, and generate behavior [CUMBO].
nerve net
neurological system
systema nervosum
central nervous system
CNS
The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the neural tube derivatives: the brain and spinal cord. In invertebrates it includes central ganglia plus nerve cord.
cerebrospinal axis
neuraxis
systema nervosum centrale
nerve
An enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system originating in a nerve root in the central nervous system (or a condensed nervous structure) connecting with peripheral structures.
nerves
neural subtree
peripheral nerve
sensory system
Anatomical system that overlaps the nervous system and is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information.
organa sensuum
organa sensuum
sense organ subsystem
sense organs
sense organs set
sensory organ system
sensory subsystem
sensory systems
set of sense organs
gustatory system
The sensory system for the sense of taste.
gustatory organ system
taste system
yolk sac
A sac-like expansion of the ventral wall of the intestine, narrowed into a yolk stalk near the body[Hyman's]. Membranous sac attached to an embryo, providing early nourishment in the form of yolk in bony fishes, sharks, reptiles, birds, and primitive mammals. It functions as the developmental circulatory system of the human embryo, before internal circulation begins. In the mouse, the yolk sac is the first site of blood formation, generating primitive macrophages and erythrocytes[WP].
saccus vitellinus
vesicula umbilicalis
foregut
Anterior subdivision of a digestive tract.
praeenteron
proenteron
chordate pharynx
A portion of the respiratory and digestive tracts; its distal limit is the superior part of the esophagus and it connects the nasal and oral cavities with the esophagus and larynx; it contains the valleculae and the pyriform recesses; its upper limits are the nasal cavity and cranial base.[FEED].
pharynx
esophagus
Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993).
gullet
oesophagus
saliva-secreting gland
glandulae salivariae
saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO]
salivary gland
midgut
Middle subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]. In vertebrates: The middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine[GO].
mesenteron
hindgut
The caudalmost subdivision of a digestive tract.
metenteron
primordium
Primordia are populations of contiguous cells that are morphologically distinct and already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue[FBbt, Hartenstein, V. (2004)].
bud
future organ
placode
primordia
rudiment
neural tube
In the developing vertebrate, the neural tube is the embryo's precursor to the central nervous system, which comprises the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into a closed tube, the neural tube or neural canal (which strictly speaking is the center of the neural tube), the ectodermal wall of which forms the rudiment of the nervous system. [WP,unvetted].
neural primordium
presumptive central nervous system
tubus neuralis
rectum
intestinum rectum
rectal sac
terminal portion of intestine
terminal portion of large intestine
the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus
Malpighian tubule
A tubule that extends from the posterior part of the digestive tract which absorbs solutes, water, and wastes from the surrounding hemolymph. Each tubule consists of a single layer of cells that is closed off at the distal end with the proximal end joining the alimentary canal at the junction between the midgut and hindgut[WP,modified].
Malphigian tube
Malpighian tube
tuba Malpighii
anatomical entity
Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species.
ventral pancreatic duct
A duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct to supply pancreatic juices which aid in digestion provided by the exocrine pancreas. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct just prior to the ampulla of Vater, after which both ducts perforate the medial side of the second portion of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla.
canal of Wirsung
chief pancreatic duct
duct of Wirsung
ductus pancreatis ventralis
hepaticopancreatic duct
main pancreatic duct
pancreatic duct
intervertebral disk
A pad of fibrocartilage between the articular surfaces of two successive vertebral centra which has nucleus pulposus at its core.
discus intervertebralis
intervertebral disc
intervertebral fibrocartilage
spinal disc
spinal disk
skin of back
A zone of skin that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition].
back skin
back zone of skin
skin, dorsal region
zone of skin of back
ileocecal junction
A point along the course of the gastrointestinal tract where the small intestine (ileum) ends as it opens into the cecal portion of the large intestine; occurs usually within the iliac fossa, demarcated internally as the ileocecal orifice
ileocaecal junction
pericardial cavity
A potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium.
cavitas pericardiaca
cavity of pericardial sac
pericardial space
bony vertebral centrum
Ossified form of a vertebral centrum, a skeletal element that functionally replaces the notochord[VSAP,modified].
arcocentrum
autocentrum
body of vertebra
centra
corpus vertebra
corpus vertebrae
corpus vertebrae (vertebrale)
holocentrum
vertebral body
vertebral centra
vertebral centrum
endocardium of ventricle
Endocardium that is part of the cardiac ventricle.
cardiac ventricle endocardium
endocardium of cardiac ventricle
endocardium of heart ventricle
endocardium of lower chamber of heart
endocardium of ventricle of heart
heart ventricle endocardium
lower chamber of heart endocardium
ventricle endocardial tissue
ventricle endocardium
ventricle of heart endocardium
ventricular endocardium
epicardium of ventricle
An epicardial layer that lines a cardiac ventricle
cardiac ventricle epicardium
ventricular epicardium
myocardium of ventricle
Muscular layer of the cardiac ventricle composed of a compact myocardial layer surrounding the trabecular layer.
ventricle cardiac muscle
ventricle myocardium
ventricular myocardium
skin of head
A zone of skin that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
adult head zone of skin
head skin
head zone of skin
zone of skin of adult head
zone of skin of head
skin of trunk
A zone of skin that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition].
torso zone of skin
trunk skin
trunk zone of skin
zone of skin of torso
zone of skin of trunk
pleural fluid
Transudate contained in the pleural cavity.
urine
Excretion that is the output of a kidney
synovial fluid
Transudate contained in the synovial cavity of joints, and in the cavity of tendon sheaths and bursae.
joint fluid
calcareous tooth
Skeletal element within the mouth (or in some species, upper part of the digestive tract) that is composed of dentine and is used in procuring or masticating food.
dental element
dentine containing tooth
tooth
vertebrate tooth
wall of esophagus
An anatomical wall that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition].
anatomical wall of esophagus
anatomical wall of gullet
anatomical wall of oesophagus
esophageal wall
esophagus anatomical wall
esophagus wall
gullet anatomical wall
gullet wall
oesophagus anatomical wall
oesophagus wall
wall of gullet
wall of oesophagus
lobe of thyroid gland
A lobe of tissue that is part of a thyroid gland.
lobuli glandulae thyroideae
lobus (glandula thyroidea)
lobus glandulae thyroideae
thyroid gland lobe
thyroid lobe
vertebral column
Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all the vertebra and associated skeletal elements and joints in the body[modified from VSAO].
backbone
columna vertebralis
dorsal spine
spinal column
spine
vertebral column skeleton
vertebral region
parathyroid gland
The parathyroid gland is an endocrine gland for secretion of parathyroid hormone, usually found as a pair, embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. Parathyroid regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism.
epithelial body
parathyroid
parathyroid secreting cell
cardiac muscle tissue
Muscle tissue composed of cardiac muscle cells, forming the muscles of the heart[ZFA,modified].
cardiac muscle
cardiac muscle muscle tissue
cardiac muscle textus muscularis
cardiac musculature
heart muscle muscle tissue
heart muscle textus muscularis
heart myocardium muscle tissue
heart myocardium textus muscularis
muscle of heart muscle tissue
muscle of heart textus muscularis
muscle tissue of cardiac muscle
muscle tissue of heart muscle
muscle tissue of heart myocardium
muscle tissue of muscle of heart
muscle tissue of myocardium
myocardium muscle tissue
myocardium textus muscularis
textus muscularis of cardiac muscle
textus muscularis of heart muscle
textus muscularis of heart myocardium
textus muscularis of muscle of heart
textus muscularis of myocardium
skeletal muscle tissue
Muscle tissue that consists primarily of skeletal muscle fibers.
skeletal muscle
skeletal muscle system
somatic muscle
smooth muscle tissue
Muscle tissue which is unstriated, composed primarily of smooth muscle fibers surrounded by a reticulum of collagen and elastic fibers. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length[GO].
involuntary muscle
non-striated muscle
smooth muscle
textus muscularis levis; textus muscularis nonstriatus
textus muscularis nonstriatus
visceral muscle
visceral muscle tissue
mesothelium
Simple squamous epithelium of mesodermal origin which lines serous membranes. Examples: mesothelium of pleura, mesothelium of peritoneum[FMA]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (thoracal cavity), peritoneum (abdominal cavity including the mesentery) and pericardium (heart sac). Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive organs (the tunica vaginalis testis) and covers the internal reproductive organs of women (the tunica serosa uteri).
dorsum
A major subdivision of an organism that is the entire part of the organism dorsal to a horizontal plane and bounded on one side by the same transverse plane. In vertebrares this includes the vertebral column..
back
back of body proper
dorsal part of organism
renal vein
Either of the pair of major vessels which arise from the renal hilus and return blood from the kidneys, suprarenal gland and the ureter to the inferior vena cava.
kidney vein
renal venous tree
vein of kidney
venae renales
cystic duct
ductus cysticus
the tubular structure that conducts gall bladder contents from the gall bladder to the common bile duct
caecum
A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction.
blind intestine
blindgut
caeca
caecum
ceca
cecum
intestinum caecum
intestinum crassum caecum
intestinum crassum cecum
vermiform appendix
A blind-ended tube connected to the cecum, from which it develops embryologically[WP].
apex of caecum
apex of cecum
appendix
appendix vermiformis
appendix vermiformis
caecal appendix
cecal appendix
vermix
colon
Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum.
hindgut
large bowel
posterior intestine
ascending colon
Section of colon which is distal to the cecum and proximal to the transversecolon.[FMA,modified]
colon ascendens
spiral colon
transverse colon
The proximal-distal subdivision of colon that runs transversely across the upper part of the abdomen, from the right to the left colic flexure. Continuous with the descending colon[BTO,modified].
colon transversum
descending colon
The portion of the colon between the left colic flexure and the sigmoid colon at the pelvic brim; the portion of the descending colon lying in the left iliac fossa is sometimes called the iliac colon.
colon descendens
sigmoid colon
The part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus. It forms a loop that averages about 40 cm. in length, and normally lies within the pelvis, but on account of its freedom of movement it is liable to be displaced into the abdominal cavity.
colon sigmoideum
pelvic colon
sigmoid colon
sigmoid flexure
fundus of stomach
The fundus is the portion of the stomach that lies above the cardiac notch, and contains the fundic glands[GO, Kardong].
fundus gastricus
fundus gastricus (ventricularis)
fundus gastricus ventricularis
fundus ventricularis
fundus ventriculi
gastric fundus
stomach fundus
cardia of stomach
The part of the stomach attached to the esophagus. The cardia begins immediately distal to the z-line of the gastroeosphageal junction, where the squamous epithelium of the esophagus gives way to the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract[WP]
antrum cardiacum
cardiac antrum
cardiac orifice
cardiac region
cardial orifice
cardial part of stomach
gastric cardia
pars cardiaca (gaster)
pars cardiaca gastricae
stomach cardiac region
pyloric antrum
antrum
antrum of Willis
antrum of stomach
antrum pylori
antrum pyloricum
gastric antrum
stomach antrum
stomach pyloric antrum
the area at the bottom of the stomach on the caudal side of the pyloric canal that contains gastrin-producing G cells, which stimulate acid production, and the luminal pH-sensitive population of somatostatin-producing D cells
pylorus
pars pylorica
pars pylorica gastricae
pyloric part of stomach
pyloric region
stomach pyloric region
the stomach tissue region surrounding and controlling the distal outlet of the stomach, which opens into the duodenum
valvula pylori
wall of stomach
anatomical wall of stomach
anatomical wall of ventriculus
gastric wall
stomach anatomical wall
stomach wall
the layered structure that makes up the stomach, typiclly consists of a serous coat, a muscular coat, a mucous membrane, and other tissue layers in between
ventriculus anatomical wall
ventriculus wall
wall of ventriculus
wall of small intestine
An anatomical wall that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition].
anatomical wall of small bowel
anatomical wall of small intestine
small bowel anatomical wall
small bowel wall
small intestinal wall
small intestine anatomical wall
small intestine wall
wall of small bowel
wall of large intestine
An anatomical wall that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition].
anatomical wall of large intestine
large intestinal wall
large intestine anatomical wall
large intestine wall
mesentery of small intestine
The peritoneum responsible for connecting the jejunum and ileum (parts of the small intestine) to the back wall of the abdomen. Between the two sheets of peritoneum are blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves. This allows these parts of the small intestine to move relatively freely within the abdominopelvic cavity. The brain, however, cannot map sensation accurately, so sensation is usually referred to the midline, an example of referred pain[WP].
mesentery (proper)
mesentery proper
small intestinal mesentery
small intestine mesentery
hepatic acinus
The functional unit of the liver, consisting of a mass of hepatocytes from adjacent liver lobules aligned around the hepatic arterioles and portal venules just as they anastomose into sinusoids.
liver acinus
portal acinus
biliary tree
A complex network of conduits that begins with the canals of Hering (intralobar bile duct) and progressively merges into a system of interlobular, septal, and major ducts which then coalesce to form the extrahepatic bile ducts, which finally deliver bile to the intestine, and in some species to the gallbladder.
biliary tract
common bile duct
ductus choledochus
ductus choledochus (biliaris)
the part of the biliary tree formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct
visceral peritoneum
The inner layer of peritoneum that is wrapped around organs located inside the intraperitoneal space.
visceral serous membrane of peritoneum
peritoneal cavity
Anatomical cavity bounded by visceral and parietal peritoneum
cavitas peritonealis
saccus serosus peritonei
ovarian artery
An artery that supplies an ovary.
arteria ovarica
ovarian arterial tree
hepatic artery
An artery that supplies the liver.
arteria hepatica
arteria hepatica propria
mucosa of stomach
Magenschleimhaut
The mucosal layer that lines the stomach.
gastric mucosa
gastric mucous membrane
mucosa of organ of stomach
mucosa of organ of ventriculus
mucosa of ventriculus
mucous membrane of stomach
mucous membrane of ventriculus
organ mucosa of stomach
organ mucosa of ventriculus
stomach mucosa
stomach mucosa of organ
stomach mucous membrane
stomach organ mucosa
tunica mucosa (gaster)
tunica mucosa gastricae
tunica mucosa gastris
ventriculus mucosa
ventriculus mucosa of organ
ventriculus mucous membrane
ventriculus organ mucosa
submucosa of stomach
gastric submucosa
stomach submucosa
submucosa of ventriculus
submucous layer of stomach
tela submucosa (gaster)
tela submucosa gastricae
tela submucosa ventriculi
the fibrous connective tissue layer beneath the stomach mucosa
ventriculus submucosa
serosa of stomach
anatomical wall of stomach serosa
anatomical wall of stomach serous membrane
anatomical wall of ventriculus serosa
anatomical wall of ventriculus serous membrane
gastric serosa
gastric wall serosa
gastric wall serous membrane
serosa of anatomical wall of stomach
serosa of anatomical wall of ventriculus
serosa of gastric wall
serosa of stomach anatomical wall
serosa of stomach wall
serosa of ventriculus anatomical wall
serosa of ventriculus wall
serosa of wall of stomach
serosa of wall of ventriculus
serous coat of stomach
serous membrane of anatomical wall of stomach
serous membrane of anatomical wall of ventriculus
serous membrane of gastric wall
serous membrane of stomach anatomical wall
serous membrane of stomach wall
serous membrane of ventriculus anatomical wall
serous membrane of ventriculus wall
serous membrane of wall of stomach
serous membrane of wall of ventriculus
stomach anatomical wall serosa
stomach anatomical wall serous membrane
stomach serosa
stomach wall serosa
stomach wall serous membrane
the outermost layer of the stomach wall, consisting of layers of connective tissue continuous with the peritoneum
tunica serosa (gaster)
tunica serosa gastricae
ventriculus anatomical wall serosa
ventriculus anatomical wall serous membrane
ventriculus wall serosa
ventriculus wall serous membrane
visceral peritoneum of stomach
wall of stomach serosa
wall of stomach serous membrane
wall of ventriculus serosa
wall of ventriculus serous membrane
pyloric sphincter
A strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal which lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from the celiac ganglion[WP].
pyloric valve
mucosa of small intestine
A mucosa that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of small bowel
mucosa of organ of small intestine
mucosa of small bowel
mucous membrane of small bowel
mucous membrane of small intestine
organ mucosa of small bowel
organ mucosa of small intestine
small bowel mucosa
small bowel mucosa of organ
small bowel mucous membrane
small bowel organ mucosa
small intestinal mucosa
small intestine mucosa
small intestine mucosa of organ
small intestine mucous membrane
small intestine organ mucosa
tunica mucosa (intestinum tenue)
tunica mucosa intestini tenuis
submucosa of small intestine
small bowel submucosa
small intestinal submucosa
small intestine submucosa
submucosa of small bowel
submucosal tissue in the small intestines.
tela submucosa (intestinum tenue)
tela submucosa intestini tenuis
serosa of small intestine
A serous membrane that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition].
serosa of small bowel
serous coat of small intestine
serous membrane of small bowel
serous membrane of small intestine
small bowel serosa
small bowel serous membrane
small intestinal serosa
small intestine serosa
small intestine serous membrane
tunica serosa (intestinum tenue)
tunica serosa intestini tenuis
visceral peritoneum of small intestine
mucosa of large intestine
A mucosa that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition].
large intestinal mucosa
large intestine mucosa
large intestine mucosa of organ
large intestine mucous membrane
large intestine organ mucosa
mucosa of organ of large intestine
mucous membrane of large intestine
organ mucosa of large intestine
tunica mucosa intestini crassi
submucosa of large intestine
A submucosa that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition].
large intestinal submucosa
large intestine submucosa
submucous layer of large intestine
tela submucosa intestini crassi
serosa of large intestine
A serous membrane that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition].
large intestinal serosa
large intestine serosa
large intestine serous membrane
serous coat of large intestine
serous membrane of large intestine
tunica serosa intestini crassi
visceral peritoneum of large intestine
Peyer's patch
Peyers gland
Peyers patch
aggregated lymphoid follicle of intestine
aggregated lymphoid nodule
noduli lymphoidei aggregati
the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles
duodenal gland
A compound tubular submucosal gland found in that portion of the duodenum which is above the hepatopancreatic sphincter (Sphincter of Oddi). The main function of these glands is to produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate)[WP].
Brunner's gland
gland of Brunner
glandula duodenales
glandula duodenales Brunneri
submucosal gland of duodenum
intestinal villus
enteric villi
enteric villous
enteric villus
intestinal villi
intestinal villus layer
small intestine villus
the tiny hair-like projections that protrude from the inside of the small intestine that contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; the villi increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 30-fold
villi intestinales
villi intestinales
villus
villus intestinalis (intestinum tenue)
renal pelvis
A funnel shaped proximal portion of the ureter that is formed by convergence of the major calices [MP].
kidney pelvis
p. renallis
pelvis of ureter
pyelum
cortex of kidney
Outer cortical portion of the kidney, between the renal capsule and the renal medulla.
cortex renalis
kidney cortex
renal cortex
renal papilla
Tip of renal pyramid projecting into a minor calyx.
kidney papilla
renal corpuscle
Malphigian corpuscle
Malpighian corpuscle
corpusculum renale
corpusculum renis
cortical renal corpuscle
kidney corpuscle
the structure containing the glomerular capsule and the glomerulus that serves as the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron
glomerular capsule
A cup-like sac at the expanded beginning of a tubular component of a nephron that contains the glomerulus
Bowman's capsule
Bowman's capsule
Bowmans capsule
Malphigian capsule
Malpighian capsule
Mueller capsule
Muellerian capsule
capsula glomerularis
capsula glomeruli
pronephric glomerular capsule
renal glomerular capsule
nephron tubule
An epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney.
kidney tubule
renal tubule
tubulus renalis
uriniferous tubule
collecting duct of renal tubule
The collecting duct is a portion of the nephron through which water flows, moving passively down its concentration gradient
arcuate renal tubule
collecting duct
collecting duct system
collecting tubule
junctional tube
kidney collecting duct
kidney collecting tubule
renal collecting tubule
tubulus renalis arcuatus
tubulus renalis colligens
ureteric tree
adrenal cortex
adrenal gland cortex
cortex (glandula suprarenalis)
cortex glandulae suprarenalis
cortex of adrenal gland
cortex of suprarenal gland
suprarenal
suprarenal cortex
the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes steroid hormones such as corticosterone, estrone and aldosterone
adrenal medulla
adrenal central medulla
adrenal gland medulla
chromaffin cells
medulla (glandula suprarenalis)
medulla glandulae suprarenalis
medulla of adrenal gland
medulla of glandula suprarenalis
medulla of suprarenal gland
suprarenal medulla
the inner portion of the adrenal gland that consists mainly of chromaffin cells which produce, store and secrete neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine
paraaortic body
A chromaffin paraganglion located at the bifurcation of the aorta or at the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery.
organ of Zuckerkandl
para-aortic body
paraganglia of Zuckerkandl
paraganglion of Zuckerkandl
lamina propria of small intestine
Lamina propria that is part_of the small intestine.
lamina propria mucosa of small bowel
lamina propria mucosa of small intestine
lamina propria mucosae of small bowel
lamina propria mucosae of small intestine
lamina propria of mucosa of small intestine
lamina propria of small bowel
small bowel lamina propria
small bowel lamina propria mucosa
small bowel lamina propria mucosae
small intestine lamina propria
small intestine lamina propria mucosa
small intestine lamina propria mucosae
crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine
crypt of Lieberkuhn of small bowel
crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine
intestinal gland of small bowel
intestinal gland of small intestine
lieberkuhn crypt of small bowel
lieberkuhn crypt of small intestine
small bowel crypt of Lieberkuhn
small bowel intestinal gland
small bowel lieberkuhn crypt
small intestinal crypt of Lieberkuhn
small intestine crypt of Lieberkuhn
small intestine intestinal gland
small intestine lieberkuhn crypt
the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes of the small intestine
intestinal mucosa
Mucosal layer that lines the intestine.
bowel mucosa
bowel mucosa of organ
bowel mucous membrane
bowel organ mucosa
intestine mucosa
intestine mucosa of organ
intestine mucous membrane
intestine organ mucosa
mucosa of bowel
mucosa of intestine
mucosa of organ of bowel
mucosa of organ of intestine
mucous membrane of bowel
mucous membrane of intestine
organ mucosa of bowel
organ mucosa of intestine
tunica mucosa intestini
serosa of intestine
A serous membrane that is part of a wall of intestine [Automatically generated definition].
anatomical wall of bowel serosa
anatomical wall of bowel serous membrane
anatomical wall of intestine serosa
anatomical wall of intestine serous membrane
bowel anatomical wall serosa
bowel anatomical wall serous membrane
bowel wall serosa
bowel wall serous membrane
intestinal serosa
intestinal wall serosa
intestinal wall serous membrane
intestine anatomical wall serosa
intestine anatomical wall serous membrane
intestine serosa
intestine wall serosa
intestine wall serous membrane
serosa of anatomical wall of bowel
serosa of anatomical wall of intestine
serosa of bowel anatomical wall
serosa of bowel wall
serosa of intestinal wall
serosa of intestine anatomical wall
serosa of intestine wall
serosa of wall of bowel
serosa of wall of intestine
serous membrane of anatomical wall of bowel
serous membrane of anatomical wall of intestine
serous membrane of bowel anatomical wall
serous membrane of bowel wall
serous membrane of intestinal wall
serous membrane of intestine anatomical wall
serous membrane of intestine wall
serous membrane of wall of bowel
serous membrane of wall of intestine
visceral peritoneum of intestine
wall of bowel serosa
wall of bowel serous membrane
wall of intestine serosa
wall of intestine serous membrane
interlobular bile duct
The canals that carry bile in the liver between the intralobular ducts and the biliary ductules; interlobular bile ducts are part of the interlobular portal triad.
interlobular ductule
spleen lymphoid follicle
Malpighian body
The area of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur
lymphatic follicle of spleen
lymphoid follicle of spleen
lymphoid nodule of spleen
spleen B cell follicle
spleen lymphoid follicle
spleen lymphoid nodule
splenic B cell follicle
splenic lymphatic follicle
splenic lymphoid follicle
red pulp of spleen
pulpa rubra
pulpa splenica
red pulp
spleen red pulp
splenic red pulp
the parenchymatous tissue network of the spleen that consists of loose plates or cords (sinuses) infiltrated with red blood cells where most of the blood filtration occurs and degenerate erythrocytes are removed from the circulation
marginal zone of spleen
junctional zone of spleen
marginal zone
spleen marginal zone
the zone between the red and white pulp of the spleen containing numerous macrophages and lymphocytes, and a rich plexus of sinusoids supplied by white pulp arterioles carrying blood-borne antigens
adventitia of ureter
An adventitia that is part of a ureter.
external adventitia of ureter
tunica adventitia (ureter)
tunica adventitia ureteris
ureter adventitia
ureteral adventitia
lamina propria of ureter
A lamina propria that is part of a ureter [Automatically generated definition].
lamina propria mucosa of ureter
lamina propria mucosae of ureter
ureter lamina propria
ureter lamina propria mucosa
ureter lamina propria mucosae
urothelium of ureter
The luminal epithelium of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder[MP]
transitional epithelium of ureter
ureter luminal urothelium
ureter transitional epithelium
ureter urothelium
urinary bladder
bladder
distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion[MP].
urocyst
vesica
vesica urinaria
wall of urinary bladder
An anatomical wall that lines the insider of a urinary bladder.
anatomical wall of bladder
anatomical wall of urinary bladder
bladder anatomical wall
bladder wall
urinary bladder anatomical wall
urinary bladder wall
wall of bladder
trigone of urinary bladder
Lieutaud's trigone
bladder trigone
deep trigone
dorsal bladder neck
musculus trigoni vesicae profundus
the smooth triangular region of the wall of the urinary bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice; it is an area in which the muscle fibers are closely adherent to the mucosa
trigone of bladder
trigonum vesicae
trigonum vesicae urinariae
urinary bladder trigone
vesical trigone
neck of urinary bladder
The constricted portion of the urinary bladder, formed by the meeting of its inferolateral surfaces proximal to the opening of the urethra[MP].
bladder neck
cervix vesicae
cervix vesicae urinariae
collum vesicae
neck of bladder
urinary bladder neck
vesical neck
mucosa of urinary bladder
bladder mucosa
bladder mucous membrane
bladder organ mucosa
mucosa of bladder
mucous membrane of bladder
mucous membrane of urinary bladder
the mucous membrane lining the urinary bladder
tunica mucosa (vesica urinaria)
tunica mucosa vesicae
tunica mucosa vesicae urinariae
urinary bladder mucosa
urinary bladder mucous membrane
serosa of urinary bladder
A serous membrane that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition].
bladder serosa
bladder serous membrane
serosa of bladder
serous coat of bladder
serous coat of urinary bladder
serous membrane of bladder
serous membrane of urinary bladder
tunica serosa (vesica urinaria)
tunica serosa vesicae
urinary bladder serosa
urinary bladder serous membrane
visceral peritoneum of urinary bladder
lamina propria of urinary bladder
A lamina propria that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition].
bladder lamina propria
bladder lamina propria mucosa
bladder lamina propria mucosae
lamina propria mucosa of bladder
lamina propria mucosa of urinary bladder
lamina propria mucosae of bladder
lamina propria mucosae of urinary bladder
lamina propria of bladder
urinary bladder lamina propria
urinary bladder lamina propria mucosa
urinary bladder lamina propria mucosae
wall of intestine
An anatomical wall that is part of a intestine [Automatically generated definition].
anatomical wall of bowel
anatomical wall of intestine
bowel anatomical wall
bowel wall
bowel wall
intestinal wall
intestine anatomical wall
intestine wall
wall of bowel
pancreatic acinus
The secretory units of the exocrine pancreas, where fluid containing digestive enzymes is produced; consists of a group of secretory cells surrounding a luminal space that connects to the pancreatic duct.
acinus pancreaticus
pancreas acinus
pancreatic acinar
pancreatic acini
pancreas
An endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating enzymes[GO].
splenic cord
A structure found in the red pulp of the spleen between the sinusoids, consisting of fibrils and connective tissue cells with a large population of monocytes and macrophages. These cords contain half of the human body's monocytes as a reserve so that after tissue injury these monocytes can move in and aid locally sourced monocytes in wound healing. Erythrocytes pass through the cords of Billroth before entering the sinusoids. The passage into the sinusoids may be seen as a bottleneck, where erythrocytes need to be flexible in order to pass through. In disorders of erythrocyte shape and/or flexibility, such as hereditary spherocytosis, erythrocytes fail to pass through and get phagocytosed, causing extravascular hemolysis.
cord of Billroth
cord of Bilroth
pelvic girdle region
The organism subdivision that includes the pelvic girdle skeleton and associated soft tissue. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). Examples: There are only two instances in an organism, right and left pectoral girdle regions.
girdle - pelvic
pelvic girdle
epithelium of stomach
The epithelial layer of the stomach .
epithelial tissue of stomach
epithelial tissue of ventriculus
epithelium of ventriculus
gastric epithelium
stomach epithelial tissue
stomach epithelium
ventriculus epithelial tissue
ventriculus epithelium
intestinal epithelium
Epithelial layer that lines the intestine.
bowel epithelial tissue
bowel epithelium
epithelial tissue of bowel
epithelial tissue of intestine
epithelium of bowel
epithelium of intestine
intestine epithelial tissue
intestine epithelium
villous epithelium
epithelium of large intestine
An epithelium that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of large intestine
large intestinal epithelium
large intestine epithelial tissue
large intestine epithelium
portal triad
A multi-organ-part structure that consists of three vessels of the portal lobule including the bile duct, a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel
trias hepatica
trias hepatica
liver parenchyma
The functional units of the liver including the lobules.
hepatic parenchyma
hepatic parenchyme
liver parenchyme
parenchyma of liver
hepatic sinusoid
Wide thin-walled blood vessels in the liver. In mammals they have neither veinous or arterial markers.
hepatic sinusoids
liver hepatic sinusoids
liver sinusoid
liver sinusoidal blood vessel
sinusoid of liver
sinusoidal blood vessel of liver
vas capillare sinusoideum
vas sinusoideum
intralobular bile duct
canal of Hering
canal of Herring
canals of Hering
cholangiole
duct of Herring
ductus interlobularis bilifer
intrahepatic bile ductule
the tubules located between the bile canaliculi and interlobular bile ducts near the outer edge of a classic liver lobule
nephron
The basic functional unit of the kidney. its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. Its functions are vital to life and are regulated by the endocrine system by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone.[WP]
mature nephron
nephroneum
tubulus renalis
proximal convoluted tubule
1st convoluted tubule
PCT
The proximal convoluted tubule is the most proximal portion of the proximal tubule and extends from the glomerular capsule to the proximal straight tubule.
first convoluted tubule
kidney proximal convoluted tubule
proximal convoluted renal tubule
renal proximal convoluted tubule
tubulus contortus proximalis
tubulus contortus proximalis
tubulus convolutus proximalis
loop of Henle
Henle loop
Henle's loop
ansa nephroni
the section of the renal tubule in the kidney medulla with a hairpin bend; consists of a descending limb and an ascending limb, and is situated between the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule; it functions to reabsorb water and ions from the urine
descending limb of loop of Henle
descending limb
descending limb of Henle's loop
loop of Henle descending limb
the portion of the renal tubule that constitutes the proximal part of the loop of Henle, has low permeability to ions and urea, and is highly permeable to water; it consists of an initial short thick segment lined by low simple cuboidal epithelium and a long thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium; however, this distinction is not as important physiologically as in the ascending limb, so often the two are treated as one structure
proximal straight tubule
S3
The proximal straight tubule is the part of the descending limb that extends from the proximal convoluted tubule to the descending thin tubule.
pars recta
pars recta tubuli renalis
proximal tubule segment 3
segment 3 of proximal tubule
thick descending limb of proximal tubule
tubulus rectus proximalis
thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
ascending thick limb
distal straight tubule
loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment
straight portion of distal convoluted renal tubule
straight portion of distal convoluted tubule
the distal sub-portion of the ascending loop of Henle which is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and enters the renal cortex to empty a hypotonic filtrate into the distal convoluted tubule
thick ascending limb
thick ascending limb of Henle's loop
thick ascending limb of distal tubule
tubulus rectus distalis
tubulus rectus distalis
distal convoluted tubule
The first segment of the nephron lying just downstream from the loop of Henle, immediately after the macula densa.
distal convoluted renal tubule
second convoluted tubule
tubulus contortus distalis
tubulus contortus distalis
tubulus convolutus distalis
outer medulla of kidney
The renal outer medulla is the region of the kidney that lies between the renal cortex and the renal inner medulla[GO].
kidney outer medulla
outer renal medulla
outer zone of medulla of kidney
outer zone of renal medulla
renal outer medulla
set of outer region of renal pyramids
zona externa (medullaris renalis)
zona externa medullae renalis
inner medulla of kidney
Innermost region of the mammalian kidney.
inner renal medulla
inner zone of medulla of kidney
inner zone of renal medulla
kidney inner medulla
renal inner medulla
set of inner region of renal pyramids
zona interna (medullaris renalis)
zona interna medullae renalis
endometrium
the glandular mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the estrous/menstrual cycle and during pregnancy
tunica mucosa (endometrium)
tunica mucosa uteri
uterine endometrium
uterine mucosa
uterine mucous membrane
myometrium
the smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ and surrounds and supports the endometrium
tunica muscularis
tunica muscularis (myometrium)
uterine myometrium
uterine smooth muscle
serosa of uterus
Outer serosa layer of the uterus.
perimetrium
serous coat of uterus
serous membrane of uterus
tunica serosa (perimetrium)
tunica serosa uteri
uterine serosa
uterus serosa
uterus serous membrane
visceral peritoneum of uterus
epididymis
Nebenhoden@de
the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens
ovarian follicle
A spherical aggregation of cells in the ovary that contains a single oocyte[WP,modified].
egg follicle
follicle of ovary
follicle of ovary viewed macroscopically
folliculi ovarici primarii
folliculi ovarici vesiculosi
ovary follicle
umbilical artery
The umbilical artery is a paired artery (with one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. In the fetus, it extends into the umbilical cord. [WP,unvetted].
a. umbilicalis
vaginal vein
One the veins that drains the vaginal venous plexus, into the hypogastric veins. [WP,modified].
vagina vein
vein of vagina
muscle of pelvis
Muscle (organ) which is a part of the pelvis. Examples: levator ani,
muscle organ of pelvis
pelvic muscle
pelvis muscle
pelvis muscle organ
lobe of prostate
A portion of a prostate that forms a lobe.
lobe of prostate gland
prostate gland lobe
prostatic lobe
skin of penis
A zone of skin that is part of a penis [Automatically generated definition].
penile skin
penis skin
penis zone of skin
zone of skin of penis
prepuce of penis
A retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the glans penis and protects the urinary meatus when the penis is not erect.
foreskin
penile prepuce
praeputium
prepuce
prepuce of male
prepucium
preputium
preputium penis
male urethra
A urethra that is part of a male reproductive system.
female urethra
A urethra that is part of a female reproductive system.
urethra feminina
urethra muliebris
urethral gland
Any of the numerous small mucous-secreting glands located in the wall of the male or female urethra that help protect the epithelium from the corrosive urine
gland of urethra
urethra gland
urethra gland (male or female)
urethral mucuous gland
seminiferous tubule of testis
seminiferous cord
seminiferous tubule
testis - seminiferous tubule
the tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis occurs
tubuli seminiferi
tubuli seminiferi
epithelium of vagina
The epithelial layer of the vagina.
epithelial tissue of vagina
epithelium, vaginal
vagina epithelial tissue
vagina epithelium
vaginal epithelium
white adipose tissue
Connective tissue consisting of fat-storing cells and arranged in lobular groups or along minor blood vessels[MP,modified]
adipocytus unigutturalis
textus adiposus albus
textus adiposus albus
unilocular adipose tissue
white fat
brown adipose tissue
A thermogenic form of adipose tissue that is composed of brown adipocytes[MP,modified]
adipocytus multigutturalis
brown fat
multilocular adipose tissue
textus adiposus fuscus
textus adiposus fuscus
lacrimal sac
The upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct that is lodged in a deep groove formed by the lacrimal bone and frontal process of the maxilla; it connects the lacrimal canaliculi, which drain tears from the eye's surface, and the nasolacrimal duct, which conveys this fluid into the nasal cavity; like the nasolacrimal duct, the sac is lined by stratified columnar epithelium with mucus-secreting goblet cells, and is surrounded by connective tissue.
lachrymal sac
lacrymal sac
saccus lacrimalis
external acoustic meatus
A tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The human ear canal extends from the pinna to the eardrum and is about 26 mm in length and 7 mm in diameter.
auditory canal
auditory meatus
ear canal
external acoustic tube
external auditory canal
external auditory meatus
external auditory tube
anal region
The anus and surrounding regions. Encompasses both internal and external regions, where present
posterior
posterior end of organism
cerebrospinal fluid
A clear, colorless, bodily fluid, that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal cord.
CSF
cerebral spinal fluid
liquor cerebrospinalis
spinal fluid
parietal peritoneum
The outer layer of peritoneum that is attached to the abdominal and pelvic walls.
parietal serous membrane of peritoneum
peritoneal cavity lining
muscle of leg
A muscle that is part of the region of the hindlimb between the pelvis and ankle.
leg muscle
leg muscle organ
leg skeletal muscle
leg skeletal muscle tissue
muscle of hindlimb zeugopod or stylopod
muscle of thigh or crus
muscle of upper or lower hindlimb segment
muscle of upper/lower leg
muscle organ of leg
skeletal muscle of leg
skin of pelvis
A zone of skin that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition].
pelvic skin
pelvis skin
pelvis zone of skin
zone of skin of pelvis
skin of abdomen
A zone of skin that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition].
abdomen skin
abdomen zone of skin
abdominal skin
skin of abdomen proper
zone of skin of abdomen
skin of neck
A zone of skin that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition].
neck (volume) zone of skin
neck skin
neck zone of skin
zone of skin of neck
zone of skin of neck (volume)
skin of thorax
A zone of skin that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
thoracic skin
thorax skin
thorax zone of skin
upper body skin
zone of skin of thorax
skin of limb
A zone of skin that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition].
limb skin
limb zone of skin
zone of skin of limb
pectoral girdle region
An organism subdivision that includes the pectoral girdle skeleton and associated soft tissue. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). Examples: There are only two instances in an organism, right and left pectoral girdle regions.
cingulum membri superioris
cingulum membri superioris
girdle - pectoral
pectoral girdle
pectoral region
shoulder girdle
upper limb girdle
facial lymphatic vessel
A lymphatic vessel that is part of a face [Automatically generated definition].
FL
buccal lymphatic vessel
face lymph vessel
face lymphatic vessel
lymph vessel of face
lymphatic vessel of face
pectoral lymphatic vessel
PL
skeletal system
Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system.
Skelettsystem
set of all bones and joints
skeleton system
phalanx of manus
A phalanx that is part of a forelimb autopod[Automatically generated definition].
bone of finger
digital bone of manus
digitus manus phalanx
finger phalanx
hand digit phalanx
hand phalanx
manual phalanx
phalanges of fore digit
phalanx of digit of hand
phalanx of digitus manus
phalanx of finger
phalanx of fore digit
phalanx of hand
phalanx of hand digit
phalanx of manual digit
metaphysis
Zone of long bone that is between the epiphysis and diaphysis. Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the proximal or distal end of diaphysis next to the epiphysis; together with diaphysis proper, it constitutes the diaphysis. Examples: proximal metaphysis of humerus, distal metaphysis of femur.[FMA]
diaphyseal end of long bone
long bone metaphysis
metaphyses
forelimb skeleton
The collection of all skeletal elements in a free forelimb region. Excludes the pectoral girdle
bones of upper limb
fore limb skeleton
forelimb skeleton
free upper limb skeleton
ossa membri superioris
pectoral limb skeleton
set of bones of upper limb
skeleton of forelimb
skeleton of free upper limb
skeleton of pectoral limb
skeleton of upper limb
upper limb skeleton
wing skeleton
hindlimb skeleton
Subdivision of skeleton consisting of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb region.
bones of lower limb
free lower limb skeleton
hind limb skeleton
hind-limb skeleton
hindlimb skeleton
lower limb skeleton
ossa membri inferioris
set of bones of lower limb
skeleton of free lower limb
skeleton of lower limb
skeleton of manus
Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a manus, which is the distal section of the anterior forelimb skeleton consisting of the mesopodium, the metapodium and the acropodium (e.g. including the wrist, palm, and fingers)[Phenoscape].
anterior autopodium
anterior autopodium skeleton
bones of hand
fore autopod skeleton
forelimb autopod skeleton
hand region skeleton
hand skeleton
manual skeleton
manus
manus skeleton
ossa manus
set of bones of hand
skeleton of hand
chest
Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the neck by the plane of the superior thoracic aperture and from the abdomen internally by the inferior surface of the diaphragm and externally by the costal margin and associated with the thoracic vertebral column and ribcage and from the back of the thorax by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines; together with the abdomen and the perineum, it constitutes the trunk proper[FMA].
anterolateral part of thorax
front of thorax
pectus
thoracic body wall
thorax
ventral part of thoracic region
subdivision of head
head region
head subdivision
region of head
skeleton of pes
Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a pes, which is the distal section of the posterior hindlimb skeleton consisting of the mesopodium, the metapodium and the acropodium (e.g. including the ankle, sole, and toes)[Phenoscape].
foot region skeleton
foot skeleton
pedal skeleton
pes
pes skeleton
posterior autopodium
posterior autopodium skeleton
set of bones of foot
skeleton of foot
phalanx of pes
A phalanx that is part of a hindlimb autopod[Automatically generated definition].
bone of toe
digital bone of pes
digitus pedis phalanx
foot digit phalanx
foot phalanx
pedal phalanx
phalanges of hind digit
phalanx of digit of foot
phalanx of digitus pedis
phalanx of foot digit
phalanx of hind digit
phalanx of pes
phalanx of toe
toe phalanx
face
A subdivision of the head that has as parts the layers deep to the surface of the anterior surface, including the mouth, eyes, and nose (when present). In vertebrates, this includes the facial skeleton and structures superficial to the facial skeleton (cheeks, mouth, eyeballs, skin of face, etc).
facia/facies
visage
skin of eyelid
A zone of skin that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition].
blepharon zone of skin
eyelid skin
eyelid zone of skin
zone of skin of blepharon
zone of skin of eyelid
skin of external ear
A zone of skin that is part of a external ear [Automatically generated definition].
auricular region of head zone of skin
auricular region zone of skin
ear skin
external ear skin
external ear zone of skin
outer ear zone of skin
zone of skin of auricular region
zone of skin of auricular region of head
zone of skin of external ear
zone of skin of outer ear
arm
The part of the forelimb extending from the shoulder to the autopod[cjm].
brachium
upper extremity
knee
A segment of the hindlimb that corresponds to the joint connecting a hindlimb stylopod and zeugopod.
knee region
pedal digit
A digit that is part of a pes (foot).
digit of foot
digit of terminal segment of lower limb
digiti pedis
digiti pedis
digitipedis
digitus pedis
foot digit
hind digit
hind_digit
hindlimb digit
pedal digit (phalangeal portion) plus soft tissue
pes digit
toe
intervertebral joint
The joint between adjacent vertebral bodies. May be composed of the nucleus pulposus, annular ligament, and the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments.
inter-centrum joint
inter-vertebral joint
intervertebral symphysis
joint of vertebral body
vertebral joint
skin of prepuce of penis
foreskin of penis
penis foreskin
preputial skin
the loose fold of skin that covers the penis
vaginal venous plexus
The vaginal plexuses are placed at the sides of the vagina; they communicate with the uterine, vesical, and hemorrhoidal plexuses, and are drained by the vaginal veins, one on either side, into the hypogastric veins. [WP,unvetted].
plexus venosus vaginalis
venous vaginal plexus
lymphatic vessel
A vessel that contains or conveys lymph, that originates as an interfibrillar or intercellular cleft or space in a tissue or organ, and that if small has no distinct walls or walls composed only of endothelial cells and if large resembles a vein in structure[BTO].
lymph vessel
vas lymphaticum
bone element
Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue.
bone
bone element
bone organ
bones
sesamoid bone
A sesamoid element that is composed of bone tissue.
ossa sesamoidea
sesamoid
knee joint
The knee joint joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two articulations: one between the femur and tibia, and one between the femur and patella. It is the largest and most complicated joint in the human body. The knee is a mobile trocho-ginglymus (i.e. a pivotal hinge joint), which permits flexion and extension as well as a slight medial and lateral rotation[WP,unvetted].
articulatio genus
joint of knee
pes joint
A skeletal joint that is part of a pes [Automatically generated definition].
articulationes pedis
foot joint
hind limb autopod joint
joint of pes
joint of terminal segment of free lower limb
joints of foot
pedal joint
ankle joint
A joint that connects the hindlimb autopod and zeugopod skeletons.
gambrel
hock
hock joint
mortise joint
talocrural articulation
talocrural joint
talotibial joint
manus joint
A skeletal joint that is part of a manus (hand) [Automatically generated definition].
articulationes manus
hand joint
joint of hand
joint of manus
joint of terminal segment of free upper limb
manual joint
muscle of pelvic girdle
Any muscle organ that is part of a pelvic girdle [Automatically generated definition].
girdle-pelvic muscle organ
muscle organ of girdle-pelvic
muscle organ of pelvic girdle
muscle organ of pelvic girdle bone
pelvic girdle muscle
pelvic girdle muscle organ
pelvic girdle skeletal muscle
muscle of pes
Any muscle organ that is part of a pes [Automatically generated definition].
foot muscle
foot muscle organ
muscle of foot
muscle organ of foot
muscle of arm
A muscle organ that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition].
arm muscle
arm muscle system
arm skeletal muscle
arm skeletal muscle tissue
muscle of upper arm or lower arm
upper arm / lower arm muscle
muscle of manus
Any muscle organ that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition].
hand muscle
manus muscle
manus muscle organ
muscle of hand
muscle organ of manus
skin of knee
A zone of skin that is part of a knee [Automatically generated definition].
knee skin
knee zone of skin
zone of skin of knee
skin of leg
A zone of skin that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition].
leg skin
leg zone of skin
zone of skin of leg
skin of pes
A zone of skin that is part of a pes [Automatically generated definition].
foot skin
skin of foot
skin of hind-paw
thoracic aorta
aorta thoracalis
aorta thoracica
pars thoracica aortae
the part of the aorta that extends from the origin at the heart to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest
thoracic part of aorta
skin of manus
A zone of skin that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition].
hand skin
manus skin
skin of fore-paw
skin of hand
brachiocephalic artery
brachiocephalic trunk
innominate
innominate artery
the short first aortic arch branch and divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery
truncus brachiocephalicus
truncus brachiocephalicus
subclavian artery
One of two laterally paired arteries that supplies the pectoral appendages, usually branching from the dorsal aorta
PA
arteria subclavia
arteria subclavia
arterial tree of upper limb
pectoral artery
subclavian arterial tree
kidney arcuate artery
One of the curved arteries at the corticomedullary border of the kidney that arise from the interlobar arteries and give rise to the interlobular arteries.
arcuate artery
renal arcuate artery
digestive tract
A tube extending from the mouth to the anus.
alimentary canal
alimentary tract
digestive canal
digestive tube
enteric tract
gut
gut tube
lower urinary tract
Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the urinary bladder and the urethra.
upper respiratory tract
The segment of the respiratory tract that starts proximally with the nose and ends distally with the cricoid cartilage, before continuing to the trachea.
lower respiratory tract
The segment of the respiratory tract that starts proximally with the trachea and includes all distal structures including the lungs[WP,modified]
neck of organ
organ neck
extrinsic muscle of tongue
A muscle organ that attaches the tongue to some other structure.
extrinsic lingual muscle
extrinsic tongue muscle
intrinsic muscle of tongue
The intrinsic tongue muscles are an integral part of the tongue and completely contained within the tongue that are innervated by Cranial Nerve XII.
intrinsic lingual muscle
intrinsic tongue muscle
facial muscle
A muscle innervated by a facial nerve.
cranial-facial muscle
cranio-facial muscle
craniofacial muscle
face muscle
face muscle organ
facial muscle
facial muscle proper
facial nerve innervated muscle
facial nerve muscle
mimetic muscles
muscle of face
muscle of facil expression
muscle organ of face
muscles of facial expression
musculi faciei
venous plexus
A congregation of multiple veins.
plexus venosus
rete venosum
venous network
ciliary muscle
Bowman`s muscles
The ciliary muscle is a ring of smooth muscle in the middle layer of the eye that controls the eye's accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humour through Schlemm's canal. [WP,unvetted].
ciliaris
musculus ciliaris
musculus ciliarus
muscle of iris
.
iris muscle
iris muscle organ
muscle organ of iris
sphincter pupillae
A sphincter muscle that is part of the iris.
M. sphincter pupillae
circular fibers
constrictor pupillae
iris constrictor
iris constrictor muscle
iris sphincter
iris sphincter muscle
m. sphincter pupillae
musculus sphincter pupillae
pupillary constrictor muscle
pupillary sphincter
pupillary sphincter muscle
sphincter muscle of pupil
sphincter pupillae
sphincter pupillae muscle
spincter pupillae
dilatator pupillae
A smooth muscle of the eye, running radially in the iris that functions as a dilator. [WP,unvetted].
dilator muscle of pupil
dilator of pupil
dilator pupillae
dilator pupillae muscle
dilator pupillae muscle
iris dilator
iris dilator muscle
musculus dilatator pupillae
musculus dilatator pupillae
musculus dilator pupillae
pupil dilator
pupil dilator muscle
pupillary dilator
pupillary dilator muscle
pupillary muscle
radial muscle
radial muscle of iris
radiating fibers
coronary artery
An artery that supplies the myocardium.
coronary arterial tree
coronary vessel
muscle organ
Organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work[GO].
muscle
artery
An epithelial tube or tree of tibes that transports blood away from the heart[modified from AEO definition].
arterial subtree
arterial system
arterial tree organ part
arterial vessel
arteries
vein
Any of the tubular branching vessels that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart.
vascular element
vena
venae
venous subtree
venous tree organ part
venous vessel
facial nerve
7n
CN-VII
Cranial nerve that branches into the supraorbital (supplying the skin of the eye region and the lateral line organs here), the palatine (to the roof of the buccal cavity), and the hyomandibular (dividing into the jugular and mental branches).
branchiomeric cranial nerve
cranial nerve VII
face nerve
facial VII
facial VII nerve
facial nerve [VII]
facial nerve or its root
facial nerve tree
facial nerve/root
nerve VII
nerve of face
nervus facialis
nervus facialis
nervus facialis [vii]
seventh cranial nerve
temporal bone
os temporale
the large, irregular bone located at the base and side of the skull; consists of three parts at birth: squamous, tympanic, and petrous
ear
Sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals.
auditory apparatus
auris
external ear
Part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum). It typically consists of a tube (the external auditory meatus) that directs sound waves on to the tympanum, and may also include the external pinna, which extends beyond the skull[GO].
auricular region
auricular region of head
auris externa
outer ear
petrous part of temporal bone
The petrous portion of the temporal bone or pyramid is pyramidal and is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones. Directed medially, forward, and a little upward, it presents for examination a base, an apex, three surfaces, and three angles, and contains, in its interior, the essential parts of the organ of hearing. The petrous portion is among the most basal elements of the skull and forms part of the endocranium.[WP,unvetted].
pars petrosa (os temporale)
pars petrosa ossis temporalis
petromastoid part of temporal bone
petrosal
petrosal bone
petrous bone
temporal bone petrous part
neurocranium
Subdivision of skeletal system that surrounds and protects the brain. Includes the skull base, sensory capsules and the central part of the skull roof.
brain box
brain case
brain pan
braincase
nasal cavity
An anatomical cavity that is part of the olfactory apparatus. This includes the space bounded anteriorly by the nares and posteriorly by the choanae, when these structures are present.
cavitas nasalis
cavitas nasi
cavity of nose
cavity of olfactory apparatus
cavum nasi
nasal canal
nasal conduit space
nasal fossa
nasal pit
olfactory cavity
olfactory chamber
olfactory chamber cavity
olfactory pit
jaw skeleton
Subdivision of skeleton which includes upper and lower jaw skeletons.
anterior splanchnocranium
jaw
jaw cartilage
jaws
mandibular arch
mandibular arch skeleton
oral jaw skeleton
pharyngeal arch 1 skeleton
visceral arch 1
lower jaw region
Subdivision of head that consists of the lower jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm].
lower part of mouth
mandibular part of mouth
mandibular series
eyelid
A fold of skin that covers and protects part of the eyeball. Examples: upper eyelid, lower eyelid, nictitating membrane
blephara
blepharon
eye lid
palpebra
palpebrae
cranial ganglion
cranial ganglia
cranial ganglion
cranial ganglion part of peripheral nervous system
cranial ganglion/nerve
cranial nerve ganglion
cranial neural ganglion
cranial neural tree organ ganglion
ganglion of cranial nerve
ganglion of cranial neural tree organ
head ganglion
presumptive cranial ganglia
the groups of nerve cell bodies associated with the twelve cranial nerves
tongue
A muscular organ in the floor of the mouth.
glossus
nasopharynx
Nasenrachenraum
epipharynx
nasal part of pharynx
pars nasalis pharyngis
rhinopharynx
the section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate
tonsillar ring
Waldeyer's ring
Waldeyer's tonsillar ring
anulus lymphoideus pharyngis
oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue
pharyngeal lymphatic ring
pharyngeal lymphoid ring
the circular lymphoid tissue formed by the lingual, pharyngeal, and facial tonsils
lymphoid tissue
Portion of connective tissue with various types of white blood cells enmeshed in it, most numerous being the lymphocytes[WP].
lymphatic tissue
lymphocytic tissue
secondary nodular lymphoid tissue
A lymphoid follicle that contains a germinal center.
peripheral lymphoid tissue
secondary lymphoid nodule
secondary lymphoid tissue
capsule of thyroid gland
capsula fibrosa glandulae thyroideae
fibrous capsule of thyroid gland
thyroid capsule
thyroid gland capsule
parenchyma of thyroid gland
A parenchyma that is part of a thyroid follicle [Automatically generated definition].
parenchyma glandulae thyroideae
parenchyma of thyroid
parenchyma of thyroid follicle
parenchyma of thyroid gland follicle
thyroid follicle parenchyma
thyroid gland follicle parenchyma
thyroid gland parenchyma
thyroid parenchyma
parenchyma of parathyroid gland
A parenchyma that is part of a parathyroid gland [Automatically generated definition].
parathyroid gland parenchyma
parathyroid parenchyma
parenchyma of parathyroid
lacrimal apparatus
A network of orbital structures of the eye that secrete and drain tears from the surface of the eyeball into the nasal cavity; these parts include the lacrimal glands, lacrimal lake, lacrimal ducts, lacrimal canals, lacrimal sacs, nasolacrimal ducts, and lacrimal puncta.
apparatus lacrimalis
lacrimal drainage system
lacrymal system
nasolacrimal drainage system
nasolacrimal system
dentine
Collagen-rich odontogenic tissue characteristic of teeth and tooth-like skeletal elements (e.g., odontodes); mature dentine is mineralized and develops from predentine tissue; often (but not always) tubular and acellular.
dentin
dentine of tooth
predentin
enamel
A dentine-like hypermineralized substance that covers the tooth tip. Enamel's primary mineral is hydroxylapatite, which is a crystalline calcium phosphate. Unlike dentin and bone, enamel does not contain collagen. Instead, it has two unique classes of proteins called amelogenins and enamelins[WP].
enamel of tooth
enamel tissue
enameloid
tooth enamel
cementum
Odontoid tissue that is deposited by cementoblasts onto dentine tissue and functions to attach teeth, odontodes and other odontogenic derivatives to bone tissue and the integument.
bone of attachment
cement
cement of tooth
cementum
cementum of tooth
dental pulp
The part in the center of a tooth made up of living soft tissue and cells called odontoblasts[WP].
dental pulp cell
pulp of tooth
tooth pulp
middle ear
The middle ear is the air-filled cavity within the skull of vertebrates that lies between the outer ear and the inner ear. It is linked to the pharynx (and therefore to outside air) via the Eustachian tube and in mammals contains the three ear ossicles, which transmit auditory vibrations from the outer ear (via the tympanum) to the inner ear (via the oval window)[GO].
auris media
pinna
The part of the ear that projects from the head, connecting to the external acoustic meatus.
auricle
auricle of ear
auricle of external ear
auricula
auricula (auris externa)
pinna of ear
pinnae
periodontium
The tissues that invest or help to invest and support the teeth, including the periodontal ligament, gingivae, cementum, and alveolar and supporting bone[BTO].
paradentium
periodontal ligament
periodontal membrane
tooth supporting structure
odontogenic papilla
Tissue of the developing tooth. It is composed of pre-odontoblast and undiffentiated mesnchyme cells and connects to the basal lamina[ZFA]. The dental papilla is a condensation of ectomesenchymal cells called odontoblasts, seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. It lies below a cellular aggregation known as the enamel organ. The dental papilla appears after 8-10 weeks intra uteral life. The dental papilla gives rise to the dentin and pulp of a tooth. The enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental follicle together forms one unit, called the tooth germ. This is of importance because all the tissues of a tooth and its supporting structures form from these distinct cellular aggregations.
dental papilla
dentinal papilla
dermal papilla
odontogenic condensation
papilla dentis
pharyngeal tooth mesenchyme
tooth mesenchyme
mammary duct
Epithelial tube that transports milk[GO].
ductus lactiferi
galactophorous duct
galactophorous tubule
lactiferous duct
lactiferous gland duct
lactiferous tubule
mammary gland duct
mammilary duct
anterior chamber of eyeball
anterior chamber
anterior chamber of eye
camera anterior
camera anterior bulbi
camera anterior bulbi oculi
camera oculi anterior
eye anterior chamber
the space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, and bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and part of the crystalline lens
uvea
pars iridica retinae
the pigmented middle of the three concentric layers that make up an eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body and choroid[WP,edited].
tunica vasculatis oculi
tunica vasculosa bulbi
tunica vasculosa of eyeball
uvea
uveal tract
vascular layer of eyeball
iris
anterior uvea
irides
irises
the adjustable membrane, composed of the stroma and pigmented epithelium, located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye
lacrimal canaliculus
The part of the lacrimal duct that connects the lacrimal punctum to the lacrimal sac.
canaliculus lacrimalis
corneal epithelium
anterior corneal epithelium
anterior endothelium of cornea
cornea epithelial tissue
cornea epithelium
e. anterius corneae
endothelium anterius corneae
endothelium camerae anterioris bulbi
endothelium corneale
epithelial tissue of cornea
epithelium anterius (cornea)
epithelium anterius corneae
epithelium corneæ anterior layer
epithelium of cornea
epithelium posterius corneae
external epithelium of cornea
the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea
sclera
Opaque fibrous outer layer of the eyeball[ZFA,Kardong,WP].
scleral capsule
skeletal muscle of trunk
A skeletal muscle organ that is part of the trunk region.
body musculature
muscle of trunk
muscle organ of torso
muscle organ of trunk
torso muscle organ
trunk muscle
trunk muscle organ
trunk musculature
ciliary body
anterior uvea
ciliary bodies
corpus ciliare
ocular ciliary body
the thickened portion of the vascular tunic, which lies between the choroid and the iris, composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary processes
optic choroid
chorioid
choroid
choroid coat
choroidea
choroidea
eye choroid
optic choroid
posterior uvea
vascular layer containing connective tissue, of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract[WP].
substantia propria of cornea
corneal stroma
stroma of cornea
substantia propria
substantia propria corneae
the lamellated connective tissue of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes
ciliary epithelium
A double layer covering the ciliary body that produces aqueous humor.
ciliary body epithelium
epithelium of ciliary body
ocular ciliary epithelium
iris stroma
The delicate vascular connective tissue that lies between the anterior surface of the iris and the pars iridica retinae.
iridial stroma
stroma of iris
spinal nerve
backbone nerve
nerve of backbone
nerve of spinal column
nerve of spine
nerve of vertebral column
nervi spinales
spinal column nerve
spinal nerve tree
spinal nerves
spine nerve
the any of the paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment[MP,modified]
vertebral column nerve
layer of retina
Any of the layers that make up the retina[MP].
retina layer
retina neuronal layer
retinal layer
retinal neuronal layer
pigmented layer of retina
A monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina; develops from the outer of the two layers of the optic cup[ZFA]. the pigmented cell layer just outside the neurosensory retina that nourishes retinal visual cells, and is firmly attached to the underlying choroid and overlying retinal visual cells[WP].
PRE
RPE
epithelium, retinal pigment
outer pigmented layer of retina
p. pigmentosa retinae
pigment epithelium of retina
pigmented epithelium
pigmented retina
pigmented retina epithelium
pigmented retinal epithelium
retinal pigment epithelium
retinal pigment layer
retinal pigmented epithelium
stratum pigmentosa retinae
stratum pigmentosum (retina)
stratum pigmentosum retinae
cranial nerve
Cranial nerves are nerves that emerge directly from the brain, in contrast to spinal nerves, which emerge from segments of the spinal cord.
cranial nerves
cranial neural tree organ
nervus cranialis
inner nuclear layer of retina
Cytoarchitectural layer of retina containing closely packed cell bodies, the majority of which are bipolar cells (adapted from Wikipedia).
INL
inner nuclear layer
intermediate cell layer
layer of inner granules
neural retina inner nuclear layer
retina inner nuclear layer
retina, inner nuclear layer
retinal inner nuclear layer
stratum nucleare internum
stratum nucleare internum retinae
aqueous humor of eyeball
A thick watery refractive medium that fills the space between the lens and the cornea[WP].
aqueous humor
aqueous humour
humor aquosus
vitreous humor
A transparent, semigelatinous substance that fills the cavity behind the crystalline lens of the eye and in front of the retina
humor vitreous
humor vitreus
humoral fluid
ocular fluid
portion of vitreous humor
vitreous
vitreous fluid
vitreous humour
whole portion of vitreous humor
vitreous body
Gelatinous mucoid tissue that is composed of vitreous humor and fills the cavity behind the crystalline lens of the eye and in front of the retina[MP,modified]
vitreous chamber of eyeball
The chamber in the eyeball enclosing the vitreous humor, bounded anteriorly by the lens and ciliary body and posteriorly by the posterior wall of the eyeball[BTO,modified].
camera postrema
camera postrema bulbi oculi
camera vitrea
camera vitrea bulbi
postremal chamber
postremal chamber of eyeball
vitreous chamber
sensory ganglion
The clusters of neurons in the somatic peripheral nervous system which contain the cell bodies of sensory nerve axons, interneurons and non-neuronal supporting cells.
ganglion sensorium
anterior segment of eyeball
anterior eye segment
anterior segment eye
anterior segment of eye
anterior segment of the eye
any of the parts of the eye that lie in front of, or ventral to, the lens (inclusive)
eye anterior segment
segmentum anterius (bulbus oculi)
segmentum anterius bulbi oculi
posterior segment of eyeball
any of the parts of the eye that lie in back of, or dorsal to, the lens (but not inclusive)
eye posterior segment
posterior eye segment
posterior segment eye
posterior segment of eye
posterior segment of the eye
segmentum posterius (bulbus oculi)
segmentum posterius bulbi oculi
epithelium of lens
A layer of epithelial cells that is part of the eye.
epithelial tissue of eye lens
epithelial tissue of lens
epithelium lentis
epithelium of eye lens
eye lens epithelial tissue
eye lens epithelium
lens epithelial tissue
lens epithelium
autonomic ganglion
autonomic nervous system ganglion
ganglion autonomicum
ganglion of autonomic nervous system
ganglion of visceral nervous system
ganglion that has dendrites that form a junction between autonomic nerves originating from the central nervous system and autonomic nerves innervating their target organs in the periphery. There are two subtypes, sympathetic ganglion and parasympathetic ganglion.
visceral nervous system ganglion
sympathetic ganglion
A ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples: paravertebral and the prevertebral ganglia, which include the sympathetic chain ganglia, the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia, and the aorticorenal, celiac, and stellate ganglia
ganglion of sympathetic nervous system
ganglion of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system
ganglion sympatheticum
ganglion sympathicum
sympathetic nervous system ganglion
sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system ganglion
paravertebral ganglion
Trunk ganglion which is part of a bilaterally paired set of sympathetic ganglia located anterior and lateral to the spinal cord.
ganglia of sympathetic trunk
ganglia trunci sympathici
ganglion of sympathetic trunk
ganglion trunci sympathetici
ganglion trunci sympathici
paravertebral ganglia
paravertebral ganglion
sympathetic chain ganglia
sympathetic chain ganglion
conjunctiva
conjunctivae
conjunctivas
the mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the front of the eyeball
tunica conjunctiva
wall of conjunctival sac
lacrimal gland
The lacrimal glands are paired almond-shaped glands, located in or near the orbital region, that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film.[WP].
glandula lacrimalis
glandula praeorbitalis
lacrimal-preorbital gland
preorbital gland
tear gland
sweat gland
any of the coil glands of the skin that secrete sweat
glandula sudorifera
sudoriferous gland
sudoriparous gland
sebaceous gland
A holocrine gland that secretes sebum into the hair follicles, or in hairless areas into ducts.[MP].
glandula sebacea
glandula sebaceae
sebaceous follicle
nasal cartilage
One of the cartilage structures in the nose that provide form and support[WP].
cartilage of nose
nasal cavity mucosa
The mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity[MP].
mucosa of nose
mucous membrane of nose
nasal mucosa
tunica mucosa nasalis
tunica mucosa nasi
gingiva
The fibrous investing tissue, covered by keratinized epithelium, that immediately surrounds a tooth and is contiguous with its periodontal ligament and with the mucosal tissues of the mouth[Glossary of Periodontal Terms 2001].
gingival mucosa
gum
gum tissue
gums
saliva
A fluid produced in the oral cavity by salivary glands, typically used in predigestion, but also in other functions.
sailva normalis
saliva atomaris
saliva molecularis
salivary gland secretion
duct of salivary gland
The duct of a salivary gland.
salivary duct
salivary gland duct
secretory duct
bony labyrinth
A system of fluid passages in the inner ear, including both the cochlea, which is part of the auditory system, and the vestibular system, which provides the sense of balance. The bony labyrinth, or osseous labyrinth, is the network of passages with bony walls lined with periosteum. The bony labyrinth is lined with the membranous labyrinth. There is a layer of perilymph between them. The three parts of the bony labyrinth are the vestibule of the ear, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea. The vestibular system is the region of the inner ear where the semicircular canals converge, close to the cochlea (the hearing organ). The vestibular system works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. Joint and muscle receptors also are important in maintaining balance. The brain receives, interprets, and processes the information from these systems that control our balance. [WP,unvetted].
labyrinthus osseus
osseous labyrinth
osseus labyrinth
semicircular canal
One of three half-circular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear[WP].
canalis semicircularis
ductus semicirculares
scc
semicircular canals
semicircular ducts
cochlea
cochleae
cochlear duct
cochlear organ
cochlear part of bony labyrinth
lagena
lagenas
the spiral-shaped bony canal in the inner ear containing the hair cells that transduce sound. Its core component is the Organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along the partition separating fluid chambers in the coiled tapered tube of the cochlea. [WP,modified].
internal ear
Complex labyrinthine structure that comprises sensory endorgans specialized for vestibular, auditory, and acoustico-vestibular sensation.
auris interna
inner ear
labyrinth
otocyst
auricular cartilage
cartilage of pinna
cartilage of the pinna and much of the external ear canal.
pinna cartilage
membranous labyrinth
Organ with organ cavity which consists of the vestibular labyrinth and the cochlear labyrinth. The membranous labyrinth is lodged within the bony labyrinth and has the same general form; it is, however, considerably smaller and is partly separated from the bony walls by a quantity of fluid, the perilymph.[FMA, WP]
labyrinthus membranaceus
lacrimal drainage system
A collection of channels that connects the conjunctival sac with the nasal cavity, encompassing the lacrimal ducts, the lacrimal sac and the naso-lacrimal duct.
tear duct
cortex
Outermost layer of an organ[WP].
cortex
cortex of organ
utricle of membranous labyrinth
membranous labyrinth utricle
the larger of the two otolith organs in the vestibule
utricle
utriculus
utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)
saccule of membranous labyrinth
membranous labyrinth saccule
saccule
sacculus
sacculus
sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)
the smaller of the two otolith organs in the vestibule
cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth
An endolymph filled cavity inside the cochlea, located in between the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli, separated by the basilar membrane and Reissner's membrane (the vestibular membrane) respectively. Houses the organ of Corti[WP].
Reissner's canal
Reissners canal
cochlea duct
cochlear aqueduct
cochlear duct
ductus cochlearis
membranous cochlea
scala media
scala medias
scala of Loewenberg
semicircular duct
Any of the three loop-shaped membranous inner tubular parts of the semicircular canals that are about one-fourth the diameter of the corresponding outer bony canals, that communicate at each end with the utricle, and that have near one end an expanded ampulla containing an area of sensory epithelium
ductus semicirculares
membranous semicircular canal
vestibular labyrinth
The part of the membranous labyrinth that includes the utricle and saccule lodged within the vestibule and the semicircular ducts lodged eccentrically in the corresponding canals.
inner ear vestibular component
labyrinthus vestibularis
vestibular apparatus
vestibular component
sebum
Fatty lubricant matter secreted by sebaceous glands, and made of made of triglyceride oils, wax, squalene, and metabolytes of fat-producing cells[BTO,WP].
cartilage of external ear
A cartilage that is part of a external ear [Automatically generated definition].
external ear cartilage
skin of chest
A zone of skin that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition].
anterior thoracic region zone of skin
anterolateral part of thorax zone of skin
chest skin
chest zone of skin
front of thorax zone of skin
zone of skin of anterior chest
zone of skin of anterior part of thorax
zone of skin of anterior thoracic region
zone of skin of anterolateral part of thorax
zone of skin of chest
zone of skin of front of thorax
zone of skin of pectoral part of chest
cerebral hemisphere
One of two bilateral, largely symmetrical organ subdivisions within the telencephalon which contain the cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter.[FMA]
cerebrum
hemisphere
hemispheric regions
hemispherium cerebri
medial amygdalar nucleus
nucleus amygdaloideus medialis
nucleus medialis amygdalae
choroid plexus
A network formed by blood vessels and the tela choroidea which secretes CSF into the ventricular spaces.
CP
chorioid plexus
choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere
plexus choroideus
plexus choroideus
ventricular choroid plexus
forebrain
FB
The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon.
prosencephalon
midbrain
MB
The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles)[GO].
mesencephalon
rhombomere
A segment of the developing hindbrain[ZFA]. In the vertebrate embryo, a rhombomere is a transiently divided segment of the developing neural tube, within the hindbrain region (a neuromere) in the area that will eventually become the rhombencephalon. The rhombomeres appear as a series of slightly constricted swellings in the neural tube, caudal to the cephalic flexure.[WP].
future rhombencephalon
hindbrain neuromere
hindbrain neuromeres
hindbrain segment
rhombomere
rhombomeres
segment of hindbrain
telencephalon
Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres.
cerebrum
endbrain
supratentorial region
diencephalon
DiE
The division of the forebrain that develops from the foremost primary cerebral vesicle.
between brain
betweenbrain
diencephalon
interbrain
mature diencephalon
thalamencephalon
metencephalon
Rostral segment of the hindbrain that has as its parts the pons (where present) and the cerebellum[WP,modified].
epencephalon
epencephalon-2
medulla oblongata
Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the medullary reticular formation, inferior olivary complex and cochlear nuclear complex, among other structures[FMA]. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate[GO].
bulb
bulbus
medulla
medulla oblonzata
metepencephalon
hypothalamus
A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. [ZFA]. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).[Wikipedia].
Hy
hypothalamus
preoptico-hypothalamic area
preoptico-hypothalamic region
epithelium of trachea
epithelial tissue of trachea
epithelial tissue of windpipe
epithelium of windpipe
the epithelial lining of the trachea which contains numerous ciliated cells
trachea epithelial tissue
trachea epithelium
tracheal epithelium
windpipe epithelial tissue
windpipe epithelium
epithelium of small intestine
An epithelium that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of small bowel
epithelial tissue of small intestine
epithelium of small bowel
mid intestine epithelium
small bowel epithelial tissue
small bowel epithelium
small intestinal epithelium
small intestine epithelial tissue
small intestine epithelium
mammary gland
A specialized accessory gland of the skin of mammals that secretes milk. The gland is typically only developed in females, and regresses in males.
Brustdruese
dug
glandula mammaria
glandula mammaria
lactiferous gland
lobe of breast
lobe of mammary gland
mamma
mammae
milk patch
lobule of mammary gland
Organ component of the mammary gland which consists of an aggregate of mammary alveoli that communicate with a lobular lactiferous duct.[FMA]
acinus of mammary gland
lactiferous acinus
lactiferous gland lobule
lactiferous lobule
lobule of lactiferous gland
lobule of mammary gland
mammary acinus
mammary gland lobule
milk
An emulsion of fat globules within a fluid that is secreted by the mammary gland during lactation.
mammary gland milk
endothelium of capillary
An endothelium that is part of a capillary [Automatically generated definition].
blood capillary endothelium
capillary endothelium
capillary vessel endothelium
endothelium of blood capillary
endothelium of capillary vessel
endothelium of arteriole
An endothelium that is part of an arteriole [Automatically generated definition].
arteriole endothelium
endothelium of artery
An endothelium that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition].
arterial endothelium
artery endothelium
endothelium of venule
An endothelium that is part of a venule [Automatically generated definition].
venule endothelium
endothelium of vein
An endothelium that is part of a vein [Automatically generated definition].
vein endothelium
veinous endothelium
venous endothelium
paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
Nucleus in the anterior part of the hypothalamus. (MSH) * one of the magnocellular hypothalamic nuclei, an elongated plate of large, deeply staining cells located close to the third ventricle in the anterior hypothalamic area; major source of oxytocin and to a lesser extent, of antidiuretic hormone, neurohormones, which are carried to the neurohypophysis along the paraventriculohypophysial tract. (CSP)
Pa
filiform nucleus
nuclei paraventriculares
nuclei paraventricularis hypothalami
nucleus filiformis
nucleus hypothalami filiformis
nucleus hypothalami paraventricularis
nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami
paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus
paraventricular nucleus
paraventricular nucleus hypothalamus (Malone)
paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
parvocellular hypothalamic nucleus
subcommissural nucleus (Ziehen)
midbrain tegmentum
MTg
Ventral part of the midbrain, separated from the hindbrain by the isthmus[ISBN10:0471888893]. Subdivision of the midbrain lying anterior to the tectum and posterior to the substantia nigra and cerebral peduncle[FMA] The part of the midbrain extending from the substantia nigra to the cerebral aqueduct in a horizontal section of the midbrain. It forms the floor of the midbrain that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct[WP].
mesencephalic tegmentum
tegmentum
tegmentum mesencephali
tegmentum mesencephalicum
tegmentum of midbrain
regional part of spinal cord
A multi-tissue structure that is part of a spinal cord.
spinal cord part
gingival epithelium
A stratified squamous epithelium consisting of a basal layer; it is keratinized or parakeratinized[BTO].
epithelial tissue of gingiva
epithelium of gingiva
gingiva epithelial tissue
gingiva epithelium
neocortex
An area of cerebral cortex defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture that have six layers. Starting from the cortical surface the layers are: molecular layer (I), external granular layer (II), external pyramidal layer (III), internal granular layer (IV), internal pyramidal layer (V), and multiform layer (VI). Neocortex is most prominent in the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe and the occipital lobe, less so in the cingulate gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus and the insula. It is composed of two subdivisions: true isocortex and proisocortex (Carpenter-83)(NN)
cerebral neocortex
homogenetic cortex
homotypical cortex
iso-cortex
isocortex
isocortex (sensu lato)
neocortex (isocortex)
neopallial cortex
neopallium
nonolfactory cortex
nucleus hypoglossalis
epithelium of nasopharynx
An epithelium that is part of a nasopharynx [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of nasal part of pharynx
epithelial tissue of nasopharynx
epithelial tissue of rhinopharynx
epithelium of nasal part of pharynx
epithelium of rhinopharynx
nasal part of pharynx epithelial tissue
nasal part of pharynx epithelium
nasopharyngeal epithelium
nasopharynx epithelial tissue
nasopharynx epithelium
rhinopharynx epithelial tissue
rhinopharynx epithelium
Ammon's horn
A part of the brain consisting of a three layered cortex located in the forebrain bordering the medial surface of the lateral ventricle. The term hippocampus is often used synonymously with hippocampal formation which consists of the hippocampus proper or Cornu Ammonis, the dentate gyrus and the subiculum.
Ammon horn fields
Ammon's horn
Ammons horn
ammon gyrus
ammon horn
cornu ammonis
hippocampus
hippocampus major
hippocampus proper
hippocampus proprius
epithelium of respiratory bronchiole
An epithelium that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Automatically generated definition].
bronchiolus respiratorius epithelial tissue
bronchiolus respiratorius epithelium
epithelial tissue of bronchiolus respiratorius
epithelial tissue of respiratory bronchiole
epithelium of bronchiolus respiratorius
respiratory bronchiole epithelial tissue
respiratory bronchiole epithelium
cartilage of bronchus
The hyaline cartilaginous structures that support the bronchi, present as irregular rings in the larger bronchi (and not as regular as in the trachea), and as small plates and islands in the smaller bronchi; as the branching continues through the bronchial tree, the amount of hyaline cartilage in the walls decreases until it is absent in the smallest bronchioles[MP].
bronchi cartilage
bronchial cartilage
bronchial cartilage ring
bronchial trunk cartilage
bronchus cartilage
cartilage of bronchi
cartilage of bronchial trunk
cartilagines bronchiales
submucosa of bronchus
A submucosa that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition].
bronchi submucosa
bronchial submucosa
bronchial trunk submucosa
bronchus submucosa
submucosa of bronchi
submucosa of bronchial trunk
submucous layer of bronchi
tela submucosa bronchi
terminal bronchiole epithelium
An epithelium that lines a terminal bronchiole.
bronchiolus terminalis epithelial tissue
bronchiolus terminalis epithelium
epithelial tissue of bronchiolus terminalis
epithelial tissue of terminal bronchiole
epithelium of bronchiolus terminalis
epithelium of terminal bronchiole
terminal bronchiole epithelial tissue
terminal bronchiole epithelium
white pulp of spleen
noduli lymphoidei splenici
pulpa alba
spleen white pulp
splenic white pulp
the parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that surrounds splenic blood vessels, consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells and is where foreign material removed from the blood is used to initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies
white pulp
mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
MALT
diffuse system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various sites of the body such as the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eye, and skin[WP]. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes[GO].
epithelio-lymphoid tissue
mucosa associated lymphatic tissue
mucosa associated lymphoid tissue
mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
mucosal-associated lymphatic tissue
mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue
gut-associated lymphoid tissue
GALT
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in digestive tract. includes Peyer's patches, appendix, and solitary lymph nodules[GO].
gut associated lymphoid tissue
bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue
A diffuse collection of lymphpoid cells that participate in airway immune responses
BALT
bronchus associated lymphoid tissue
blood plasma
The liquid component of blood, in which erythrocytes are suspended.
blood plasm
plasma
portion of blood plasma
portion of plasma
bile
fel
gall
vital aqueous secretion of the liver that is formed by hepatocytes and modified down stream by absorptive and secretory properties of the bile duct epithelium.
submucosa of esophagus
A submucosa that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition].
esophageal submucosa
esophagus submucosa
gullet submucosa
oesophagus submucosa
submucosa of esophagus
submucosa of gullet
submucosa of oesophagus
submucous layer of esophagus
tela submucosa (oesophagus)
tela submucosa esophagi
tela submucosa oesophageae
tela submucosa oesophagi
tela submucosa of esophagus
lamina propria of esophagus
A lamina propria that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition].
esophageal lamina propria
esophagus lamina propria
esophagus lamina propria mucosa
esophagus lamina propria mucosae
gullet lamina propria
gullet lamina propria mucosa
gullet lamina propria mucosae
lamina propria mucosa of esophagus
lamina propria mucosa of gullet
lamina propria mucosa of oesophagus
lamina propria mucosae of esophagus
lamina propria mucosae of gullet
lamina propria mucosae of oesophagus
lamina propria of gullet
lamina propria of oesophagus
oesophagus lamina propria
oesophagus lamina propria mucosa
oesophagus lamina propria mucosae
serosa of esophagus
A serous membrane that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition].
esophagus serosa
esophagus serous membrane
gullet serosa
gullet serous membrane
oesophagus serosa
oesophagus serous membrane
serosa of abdominal part of esophagus
serosa of gullet
serosa of oesophagus
serous coat of oesophagus
serous membrane of esophagus
serous membrane of gullet
serous membrane of oesophagus
tunica serosa oesophageae
epithelium of esophagus
epithelial tissue of esophagus
epithelial tissue of gullet
epithelial tissue of oesophagus
epithelium of gullet
epithelium of oesophagus
esophageal epithelium
esophagus epithelial tissue
esophagus epithelium
gullet epithelial tissue
gullet epithelium
oesophagus epithelial tissue
oesophagus epithelium
the epithelial layer that lines the luminal space of the esophagus
venule
One of the minute vessels that collect deoxygenated blood from the capillary plexuses returns it to the veins
venula
arteriole
The smallest division of the artery located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries[GO].
arteriola
blood vessel
A vessel through which blood circulates in the body.
region of vascular tree organ
vas sanguineum
vascular element
vascular tree organ region
capillary
Any of the smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules.
blood capillary
capillary vessel
crypt of Lieberkuhn
Lieberkuhn crypt
Lieberkuhn gland
Lieberkuhn's gland
Lieberkuhn's glands
crypt of Lieberkuhn
crypt of Lieberkühn
crypts of Lieberkühn
follicles of lieberkuhn
intestinal crypt
intestinal crypts
intestinal gland
intestinal gland of Lieberkuhn
lieberkuhn crypt
the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes
crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine
A crypt of lieberkuhn that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition].
intestinal gland of large intestine
large intestinal crypt of Lieberkuhn
large intestine crypt of Lieberkuhn
large intestine intestinal gland
large intestine lieberkuhn crypt
lieberkuhn crypt of large intestine
corneal endothelium
A monolayer of specialized, flattened, mitochondria-rich cells that lines the posterior surface of the cornea and faces the anterior chamber of the eye[WP].
cornea endothelium
endothelium of cornea
epithelium posterius corneae
endothelium
A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (endothelium, vascular), lymph vessels (endothelium, lymphatic), and the serous cavities of the body[MESH]. Simple squamous epithelium which lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart[FMA]
placenta
allantoic placenta
eutherian placenta
organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin[GO]. The fetal portion of the placenta is known as the villous chorion. The maternal portion is known as the decidua basalis. The two portions are held together by anchoring villi that are anchored to the decidua basalis by the cytotrophoblastic shell.
feces
Portion of semisolid bodily waste discharged through the anus[MW,modified]
cow dung
cow pat
droppings
dung
excrement
excreta
faeces
fecal material
fecal matter
fewmet
frass
guano
matières fécales@fr
merde@fr
ordure
partie de la merde@fr
piece of shit
porción de mierda@es
portion of dung
portion of excrement
portion of faeces
portion of fecal material
portion of fecal matter
portion of feces
portion of guano
portion of scat
portionem cacas
scat
spoor
spraint
stool
teil der fäkalien@de
papillary layer of dermis
The upper layer of the dermis beneath the epidermis, composed of dense irregular connective tissue[ncit,modified].
corpus papillary
dermal papillary layer
dermis papillary layer
papillary dermis
papillary layer
papillary layer of dermis
stratum papillare
stratum papillare
stratum papillare (dermis)
stratum papillare corii
stratum papillare dermis
superficial dermis
hyaline cartilage tissue
Cartilage tissue primarily composed of type II collagen (thin fibrils) and a glassy appearance.
chondroid cartilage
hyaline cartilage
fibrocartilage
Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns.
fibrocartilage tissue
stratified cartilage tissue
olfactory epithelium
A sensory epithelium inside the nasal cavity that is responsible for detecting odors[WP].
MOE
main olfactory epithelium
nasal cavity olfactory epithelium
nasal epithelium
nasal sensory epithelium
olfactory membrane
olfactory sensory epithelium
pseudostratified main olfactory epithelium
sensory olfactory epithelium
enteric nervous system
PNS - enteric
The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation[GO].
enteric PNS
cortex of lymph node
Peripheral portion of the lymph node, underneath the capsule[WP].
cortex nodi lymphoidei
lymph node cortex
medulla of lymph node
The mdeullary portion of the lymph node, which contains large blood vessels, sinuses and medullary cords that contain antibody-secreting plasma cells.
lymph node medulla
medulla nodi lymphoidei
pulmonary artery
An artery that carries deoxygenated blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood..
arteria pulmonalis
pulmonary arterial subtree
pulmonary arterial tree
pulmonary arterial tree organ part
truncus pulmonalis
pulmonary vein
Pulmonary veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the lungs to the heart[GO].
pulmonary venous tree organ part
venae pulmonales
portal vein
A vein that conducts blood from the digestive organs, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder to the liver[BTO].
portal venous tree organ part
synovial membrane of synovial joint
Soft tissue that lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within joints with cavities (synovial joints).
membrana synovialis (capsula articularis)
membrana synovialis capsulae articularis
stratum synoviale
stratum synoviale (capsula articularis)
synovial layer
synovial layer of articular capsule of synovial joint
synovial membrane
synovial membrane of articular capsule of synovial joint
synovium
synovium of articular capsule of synovial joint
gray matter
A nervous system structure composed primarily of nerve cell bodies (somas). May also include dendrites and the initial unmyelinated portion of axons.
gray mater
gray matter
gray matter of neuraxis
grey matter
grey matter of neuraxis
grey substance
grisea
neuronal grey matter
substantia grisea
stratum basale of epidermis
Malpighian layer
basal cell layer of epidermis
basal cell layer of skin
basal epidermal layer
basal layer of epidermis
epidermal basal stratum
epidermis basal layer
epidermis sensorial layer
epidermis stratum basale
epidermis stratum germinativum
rete Malphighii
rete Malpighii
stratum Malpighi
stratum basale
stratum basalis of epidermis
stratum germinativum
stratum germinosum
stratum germinosum of epidermis
the deepest layer of the epidermis, which is composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells
stratum corneum of epidermis
cornified layer
epidermis stratum corneum
horny layer
horny layer of epidermis
keratinized squame layer
keratinized squame layer of epidermis
stratum corneum
stratum corneum epidermidis
the outer layer of the epidermis, consisting of several layers of flat keratinized non-nucleated cells
hindbrain
The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain. In mammals and birds the hindbrain is divided into a rostral metencephalon and a caudal myelencephalon. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata (From: Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain)[ZFA]. Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata[FMA].
rhombencephalon
epithelium of gall bladder
The simple columnar epithelial lining of the gall bladder.
biliary epithelium
epithelial tissue of gall bladder
epithelial tissue of gallbladder
epithelium of gallbladder
gall bladder epithelial tissue
gall bladder epithelium
gallbladder epithelial tissue
gallbladder epithelium
epithelium of bronchus
An epithelium that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition].
bronchi epithelial tissue
bronchi epithelium
bronchial epithelium
bronchial trunk epithelial tissue
bronchial trunk epithelium
bronchus epithelial tissue
bronchus epithelium
epithelial tissue of bronchi
epithelial tissue of bronchial trunk
epithelial tissue of bronchus
epithelium of bronchi
epithelium of bronchial trunk
arrector muscle of hair
A tiny smooth muscle that connects the hair follicle with the dermis.
arectores pilorum
arrector pili
arrector pili muscle
arrector pili smooth muscle
arrector pilli
arrector pilli muscle
arrector pilorum
arrector pilorum muscle of hair
erector pili
erectores pilorum
pilomotor muscle
striated muscle tissue
Muscle tissue that contains fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations.
striated muscle
cerebellum
Part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem. It is concerned with the coordination of movement[MESH]. A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum , and formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe[BTO]. Brain structure derived from the anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain. The cerebellum plays a role in somatic motor function, the control of muscle tone, and balance[ZFA].
corpus cerebelli
epencephalon-1
infratentorial region
parencephalon
substantia nigra
Predominantly gray matter midbrain structure lying dorsal to the crus cerebri and ventral to the midbrain tegmentum. It is divided into a dorsal, cellularly compact region known as the pars compacta and a more ventrally located, containing more loosely packed cells, the pars reticulata. The most lateral region of the reticulata is identified as the pars lateralis (MM).
SN
Soemmering's substance
nucleus of basis pedunculi
nucleus pigmentosus subthalamo-peduncularis
substancia nigra
substantia nigra (Soemmerringi)
lymphatic vessel endothelium
An endothelium that is part of a lymphatic vessel [Automatically generated definition].
endothelium of lymph vessel
endothelium of lymphatic vessel
lymph vessel endothelium
lymphatic endothelium
lymphatic vessel endothelium
thyroid gland
A two-lobed endocrine gland found in all vertebrates, located in front of and on either side of the trachea in humans, and producing various hormones, such as triiodothyronine and calcitonin[BTO].
glandula thyroidea
thyroid
lung
Respiration organ that develops as an oupocketing of the esophagus.
pulmo
vasculature
An interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism[ZFA]. Examples: vasculature of lung, vasculature of face.
vascular network
embryonic structure
Anatomical structure that is part of an embryo.
developing embryonic structure
developing structure
embryonale Struktur
embryonic anatomical structure
embryonic structures
epithelium of bronchiole
An epithelium that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition].
bronchiolar epithelium
bronchiole epithelial tissue
bronchiole epithelium
epithelial tissue of bronchiole
epithelial tissue of lobular bronchiole
epithelium of lobular bronchiole
lobular bronchiole epithelial tissue
lobular bronchiole epithelium
zona glomerulosa of adrenal gland
adrenal gland zona glomerulosa
glomerulosa
the narrow subcapsular outer zone of the adrenal cortex where aldosterone is produced
zona glomerulosa
zona glomerulosa of suprarenal gland
truncus arteriosus
The truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis are divided by the aorticopulmonary septum. The truncus arteriosus gives rise to the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk. The bulbus cordis gives rise to the smooth parts (outflow tract) of the left and right ventricles.
umbilical vein
The umbilical vein is a blood vessel present during fetal development that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the growing fetus. [WP,unvetted].
vena umbilicalis
dermis
The dermis is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the skin) and subcutaneous tissues, and is composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis[WP].
corium
cutis
vertebrate dermis
stratum granulosum of epidermis
epidermis granular layer
epidermis stratum granulosum
granular layer of epidermis
stratum granulosum
the layer of flattened cells containing basophilic granules of keratohyalin and lying just above the stratum spinosum (spiny layer) of the epidermis
hypodermis
Lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages. It is derived from the mesoderm, but unlike the dermis, it is not derived from the dermatome region of the mesoderm. The hypodermis is used mainly for fat storage[WP].
hypoderm
sub-tegumental tissue
subcutaneous tissue
subcutis
subtegumental tissue
superficial fascia
tela subcutanea
vertebrate hypodermis
hair follicle
A tube-like opening in the epidermis where the hair shaft develops and into which the sebaceous glands open[GO].
folliculus pili
viscus
An organ that is located within the body cavity (or in its extension, in the scrotum); it consists of organ parts that are embryologically derived from endoderm, splanchnic mesoderm or intermediate mesoderm; together with other organs, the viscus constitutes the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, reproductive and immune systems, or is the central organ of the cardiovascular system. Examples: heart, lung, esophagus, kidney, ovary, spleen.
Organsystem@de
splanchnic tissue
viscera
visceral organ
visceral organ system
visceral tissue
heart right ventricle
A cardiac ventricle that is in the right side of the heart.
cardiac right ventricle
right cardiac ventricle
right ventricle
right ventricle of heart
ventriculus dexter
cardiac atrium
Cardiac chamber in which blood enters the heart.
atria
atrial tissue
atrium
atrium of heart
cardiac atria
heart atrium
cardiac ventricle
Cardiac chamber through which blood leaves the heart.
heart ventricle
lower chamber of heart
ventricle
ventricle of heart
heart left ventricle
A cardiac ventricle that is in the left side of the heart.
cardiac left ventricle
left cardiac ventricle
left ventricle
left ventricle of heart
ventriculus sinister cordis
interatrial septum
A cardiac septum that divides the left and right atria of the heart.
atrial septum
atrium septum
interatrial septal wall
appendicular skeleton
Subdivision of skeleton which which consists of all the skeletal elements in in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes[cjm].
appendicular skeleton
entire appendicular skeleton
paired fin skeleton
skeleton appendiculare
brain dura mater
The fibrous membrane forming the outer of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity; consists of two layers including the periosteal layer and the meningeal layer.
cranial dura mater
dura mater cranialis
dura mater encephali
dura mater of brain
spinal dura mater
A dura mater that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition].
dura mater of neuraxis of spinal cord
dura mater of spinal cord
spinal cord dura mater
spinal cord dura mater of neuraxis
interventricular septum
Cardiac septum which separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle.[FMA]
heart interventricular septum
heart ventricular septum
interventricular septum of heart
interventriculare cordis
intraventricular septum
s. interventriculare cordis
septum inferius
septum membranaceum
ventricle septum
ventricular septum
mesentery
Anatomical organ component composed of a double layer of serous membrane that suspends a viscus from the body wall or connects adjacent viscera and in doing so conveys blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves to and from the viscera. Examples: greater omentum, broad ligament of uterus, sigmoid mesocolon.
generic mesentery
mesentery (generic)
skin of body
The organ covering the body that consists of the dermis and epidermis.
entire integument
entire skin
integument
integumental organ
pelt
skin
skin organ
cardiac septum
The thin membranous structure between the two heart atria or the thick muscular structure between the two heart ventricles.
cardiac septa
heart septa
heart septum
septum of heart
spiral septa
trunk
Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the cervical region (or head, when cervical region not present) and anterior to the caudal region. Includes the sacrum when present.
Rumpf
thoracolumbar region
torso
trunk region
limb
A paired appendage that is evolved from a paired fin. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the girdle and its parts.
extremities
extremity
flipper
free limb
limb sensu Vertebrata
pentadactyl limb
tetrapod limb
forelimb
A (free) limb that is connected to a pectoral girdle. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the pectoral girdle and its parts.
anteriormost limb
fore limb
foreleg
forelimb
free part of upper limb
free upper limb
membrum superius
pectoral flipper
pectoral limb
superior member
upper extremity
upper limb
hindlimb
A (free) limb that is connected to a pelvic girdle region. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its parts.
free lower limb
free part of lower limb
hind limb
hind-limb
hindlimb
inferior member
lower extremity
lower limb
membrum inferius
membrum inferius
pelvic appendage
visual system
The sensory system subserving the sense of vision.
photosensory system
visual organ system
vestibulo-auditory system
Sensory system responsible for the perception of spatial orientation and auditory stimuli.
auditory organ system
auditory system
auditory/vestibular system
vestibuloauditory system
vestibuloauditory system
spleen
lien
the organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets
liver
An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO].
iecur
jecur
small intestine
Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong].
anterior intestine
intestinum tenue
mid intestine
small bowel
small intestine
gall bladder
An organ that aids digestion and stores bile produced by the liver[WP].
gall bladder
gallbladder
vesica biliaris
vesica fellea
artery smooth muscle tissue
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition].
arterial smooth muscle
arterial smooth muscle cell
artery smooth muscle
artery smooth muscle tissue
smooth muscle of artery
smooth muscle of esophagus
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition].
esophageal smooth muscle
esophagus involuntary muscle
esophagus non-striated muscle
esophagus smooth muscle
esophagus smooth muscle tissue
gullet involuntary muscle
gullet non-striated muscle
gullet smooth muscle
gullet smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of esophagus
involuntary muscle of gullet
involuntary muscle of oesophagus
non-striated muscle of esophagus
non-striated muscle of gullet
non-striated muscle of oesophagus
oesophagus involuntary muscle
oesophagus non-striated muscle
oesophagus smooth muscle
oesophagus smooth muscle tissue
smooth muscle of gullet
smooth muscle of oesophagus
smooth muscle tissue of esophagus
smooth muscle tissue of gullet
smooth muscle tissue of oesophagus
kidney
A paired organ of the urinary tract which has the production of urine as its primary function.
reniculate kidney
duodenum
The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one).
proximal intestine
upper intestine
jejunum
intestinum jejunum
mid-intestine
middle intestine
the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum
ileum
distal intestine
intestinum ileum
lower intestine
posterior intestine
the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon
right ovary
An ovary that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition].
left ovary
An ovary that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition].
pronephros
In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensible for larval life[GO].
archinephron
embryonic kidney
pronephric kidney
pronephron
cortex of thymus
the outer part of a thymus lobule that surrounds the medulla and is composed of closely packed lymphocytes
thymic cortex
thymus cortex
medulla of thymus
Medullary portion of thymus. The reticulum is coarser than in the cortex, the lymphoid cells are relatively fewer in number, and there are found peculiar nest-like bodies, the concentric corpuscles of Hassall. These concentric corpuscles are composed of a central mass, consisting of one or more granular cells, and of a capsule formed of epithelioid cells. They are the remains of the epithelial tubes, which grow out from the third branchial pouches of the embryo to form the thymus. Each follicle is surrounded by a vascular plexus, from which vessels pass into the interior, and radiate from the periphery toward the center, forming a second zone just within the margin of the medullary portion. In the center of the medullary portion there are very few vessels, and they are of minute size.
medulla of thymus gland
thymus gland medulla
thymus medulla
thymus lobule
A lobule that is part of a thymus. Divided into an outer cortex and inner medulla and separated from each other by connective tissue septa, but with the medullary tissue continuous from lobule to lobule.[ncit,modified].
lobule of thymus
thymic lobule
thymus lobule
cerebellar cortex
The superficial gray matter of the cerebellum. It consists of three main layers, the molecular layer, the Purkinje cell layer and the granule cell layer.
cortex cerebellaris
cortex cerebelli
cortex of cerebellar hemisphere
pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus
PPTg
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) (or pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, PPTN) is located in the brainstem, caudal to the substantia nigra and adjacent to the superior cerebellar peduncle. It is composed by a wide variety of neurochemical cell types, including cholinergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic cells. In the classical sense, the PPN is considered to be one of the main components of the reticular activating system. [WP,unvetted].
nucleus pedunculopontinus
nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus
peduncular pontine nucleus
pedunculopontine nucleus
endocardium
The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers[GO].
endocardial lining
endocardial tissue
heart endocardial tissue
heart endocardium
endocardium of atrium
Cardiac atria endocardium
Endocardium that is part of the atrium.
atrial endocardium
atrium endocardial tissue
atrium endocardium
atrium of heart endocardium
cardiac atrium endocardium
endocardium of Cardiac atria
endocardium of atrium of heart
endocardium of cardiac atrium
endocardium of heart atrium
heart atrium endocardium
alveolar sac
The small terminal dilation of the alveolar ducts around which the alveoli form pocket-like clusters
air sac
pulmonary alveolar sac
sacculus alveolaris
ventral funiculus of spinal cord
The white substance of the spinal cord lying on either side between the ventral median fissure and the ventral roots of the spinal nerves.
anterior funiculus
anterior funiculus of spinal cord
anterior white column of spinal cord
funiculus anterior medullae spinalis
ventral funiculi
ventral funiculus
ventral funiculus of spinal cord
ventral white column of spinal cord
bronchus
bronchi
bronchial tissue
bronchial trunk
the upper conducting airways of the lung; these airways arise from the terminus of the trachea
bronchiole
bronchioli
bronchiolus
lobular bronchiole
the conducting airway of the lungs found terminal to the bronchi; these structures contain neither cartilage nor mucous-secreting glands; the epithelium of the bronchioles becomes thinner with each branching
terminal bronchiole
bronchioli terminalis
bronchiolus terminalis
terminal bronchiole tube
the last conducting structure of non-respiratory bronchioles; after this point, the airways have alveoli in their walls
respiratory bronchiole
A bronchiole that is the first segment of the respiratory zone.
bronchiolus respiratorii
bronchiolus respiratorius
subcutaneous adipose tissue
A portion of adipose tissue that is part of the hypodermis, beneath the dermis.
fatty layer of subcutaneous tissue
fatty layer of superficial fascia
hypodermis fat layer
panniculus adiposus
panniculus adiposus (tela subcutanea)
panniculus adiposus telae subcutaneae
subcutaneous fat
subcutaneous fat layer
hemolymphoid system
Anatomical cluster consisting of the hematopoietic system and the lymphoid system, or its analogs.
haemolymphoid system
hematolymphoid system
lymphomyeloid complex
capsule of lymph node
Capsule surrounding lymph node composed of connective tissue with some plain muscle fibers.
capsula nodi lymphoidei
lymph node capsule
adenohypophysis
AHP
The glandular, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary regulates several physiological processes including stress, growth, and reproduction[WP]. The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin[ZFA].
anterior hypophysis
anterior lobe (hypophysis)
anterior lobe of hypophysis
anterior lobe of pituitary
anterior lobe of pituitary gland
anterior lobe of the pituitary
anterior pituitary
anterior pituitary gland
cranial lobe
lobus anterior
lobus anterior (glandula pituitaria)
lobus anterior hypophysis
pituitary anterior lobe
pituitary gland, anterior lobe
pituitary glandanterior lobe
rostral lobe
neurohypophysis
NHP
The posterior part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones involved in blood pressure regulation such as oxytocin and antidiuretic hormon.
infundibular process
lobus nervosus
lobus nervosus neurohypophysis
lobus posterior
lobus posterior (glandula pituitaria)
lobus posterior hypophysis
neural lobe
neural lobe of pituitary
neural lobe of pituitary gland
neuro hypophysis
neurohypophysis
pituitary gland neural lobe
pituitary gland, neural lobe
pituitary gland, posterior lobe
posterior lobe of hypophysis
posterior lobe of pituitary
posterior lobe of pituitary gland
posterior pituitary
posterior pituitary gland
integument
Hautsystem@de
The dermis, epidermis and hypodermis.
dermal system
dermis plus epidermis plus hypodermis
dermoid system
integumentum commune
skin
skin and subcutaneous tissue
skin plus hypodermis
tegument
the integument
vertebrate integument
vasculature of head
Vasculature that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
adult head vascular network
adult head vasculature
cranial vasculature
head vascular network
head vasculature
vascular network of adult head
vascular network of head
vasculature of adult head
vasculature of trunk
A vasculature that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition].
torso vascular network
torso vasculature
trunk vascular network
trunk vasculature
vascular network of torso
vascular network of trunk
vasculature of torso
submucosa of trachea
A submucosa that is part of a trachea.
submucosa of windpipe
submucous layer of trachea
trachea submucosa
tracheal submucosa
windpipe submucosa
vasculature of eye
Vasculature that is part of the eye region.
eye vascular network
eye vasculature
ocular blood vessel
ocular vasculature
optic vasculature
vascular network of eye
musculoskeletal system
Anatomical system that consists of the muscular and skeletal systems.
musculo-skeletal system
fibrous joint
Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, gomphosis.[FMA]
articulatio fibrosa
junctura fibrosa
nerve root
A continuation of the neuron projection bundle component of a nerve inside, crossing or immediately outside the central nervous system.
initial segment of nerve
radix nervi
macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth
macula of membranous labyrinth saccule
macula of saccule
macula of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)
macula saccule
macula sacculi
macula sacculi
membranous labyrinth saccule macula
saccular macula
saccular macula of membranous labyrinth
saccular maculs
saccule macula
saccule of membranous labyrinth macula
sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) macula
the oval neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the anterior wall of the saccule; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies
cartilaginous joint
Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by cartilage. Examples: Spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint, pubic symphysis.[FMA]
articulatio cartilaginea
junctura cartilaginea
macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth
macula of membranous labyrinth utricle
macula of utricle
macula of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)
macula utricle
macula utriculi
macula utriculi
maculae utricle
membranous labyrinth utricle macula
the neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the inferolateral wall of the utricle; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies; normally sensitive to linear acceleration in the longitudinal axis of the body and to gravitational influences
utricle macula
utricle of membranous labyrinth macula
utricular macula
utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) macula
symphysis
Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by fibrocartilage. Examples: pubic symphysis, intervertebral symphysis, manubriosternal joint.[FMA]
secondary cartilaginous joint
synovial joint
Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by an articular capsule which encloses a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: Temporomandibular joint, knee joint.[FMA]
articulatio synoviale
diarthrodial joints
diarthroses
diarthrosis
diarthrosis joint
spiral organ of cochlea
Corti's organ
The organ of Corti (or spiral organ) is the organ in the inner ear of mammals that contains auditory sensory cells, or 'hair cells.' [WP,unvetted].
auditory papilla
auditory papillae
basilar papilla
cochlear spiral organ
organ of Corti
organum spirale
papilla basilaris
spiral organ
spiral organ of Corti
spinal cord
Part of the central nervous system located in the vertebral canal continuous with and caudal to the brain; demarcated from brain by plane of foramen magnum. It is composed of an inner core of gray matter in which nerve cells predominate, and an outer layer of white matter in which myelinated nerve fibers predominate, and surrounds the central canal. (CUMBO)
SpC
cerebro-cerebellar fissure
cerebrocerebellar fissure
fissura cerebro-cerebellaris
fissura cerebrocerebellaris
medulla spinalis
spinal cord structure
spinal medulla
chondrocranium
Endoskeletal elements that encase the brain, nose, inner ear[cjm]. that part of the neurocranium formed by endochondral ossification and comprising the bones of the base of the skull[TFD].
calvarium
neurocranium
nucleus pulposus
nucleus propulsus
nucleus propulsus of intervertebral disk
nucleus pulposus (diskus intervertebralis)
nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disk
pulpy nucleus
the jelly-like substance in the middle of the spinal disc which is a remnant of the notochord
vomeronasal organ
An organ thought to supplement the olfactory system in receiving pheromonic communication. The sensory part of the organ is in two long, thin sacs, situated on either side of the nasal septum at its base.
Jacobson's organ
VNO
organ of Jacobsen
organon vomeronasale
organum vomeronasale
dorsal horn of spinal cord
The pronounced, dorsolaterally oriented ridge of grey matter in each lateral half of the spinal cord[MP]. the dorsal (more towards the back) grey matter of the spinal cord. It receives several types of sensory information from the body, including light touch, proprioception, and vibration. This information is sent from receptors of the skin, bones, and joints through sensory neurons whose cell bodies lie in the dorsal root ganglion[WP]. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input[GO].
columna grisea posterior medullae spinalis
cornu dorsale
cornu posterius medullae spinalis
dorsal gray column of spinal cord
dorsal gray horn
dorsal gray matter of spinal cord
dorsal grey column of spinal cord
dorsal grey horn
dorsal horn
dorsal horn of the spinal cord
dorsal horn spinal cord
dorsal region of mature spinal cord
dorsal region of spinal cord
dorsal spinal cord
posterior gray column of spinal cord
posterior gray horn of spinal cord
posterior grey column of spinal cord
posterior horn of spinal cord
spinal cord dorsal horn
spinal cord dorsal horns
spinal cord posterior horn
ventral horn of spinal cord
The ventral grey column of the spinal cord[MP]. The neurons of the ventral region of the mature spinal cord participate in motor output[GO].
anterior column
anterior column of the spinal cord
anterior gray column of spinal cord
anterior gray horn of spinal cord
anterior grey column of spinal cord
anterior horn
anterior horn (spinal cord)
columna grisea anterior medullae spinalis
cornu anterius medullae spinalis
spinal cord anterior horn
spinal cord ventral horn
ventral gray column of spinal cord
ventral gray matter of spinal cord
ventral grey column of spinal cord
ventral grey horn
ventral horn of the spinal cord
ventral horn spinal cord
ventral horns spinal cord
ventral region of spinal cord
ventral spinal cord
dorsal root of spinal cord
The dorsal roots contain afferent sensory axons. The dorsal roots of each side continue outwards, along the way forming a dorsal root ganglion (also called a spinal ganglion).
dorsal root
dorsal root of spinal nerve
dorsal roots
dorsal spinal nerve root
dorsal spinal root
posterior root of spinal nerve
radix dorsalis
radix posterior
radix posterior (nervus spinalis)
radix posterior nervi spinalis
radix sensoria (nervus spinalis)
root dorsali nervi spinalis
root sensoria nervi spinalis
sensory root of spinal nerve
sensory spinal root
olfactory bulb
A bulbous anterior projection of the olfactory lobe that is the place of termination of the olfactory nerves and is especially well developed in lower vertebrates (as fishes)[BTO].
bulbus olfactorius
bulbus olfactorius
bulbus olfactorius (Morgagni)
olfactory lobe
olfactory lobe (Barr & Kiernan)
olfactory organ
An organ that houses olfactory neurons and is responsible for the sense of smell. Examples include the vertebrate nose and the Drosophila dorsal organ.
main olfactory organ
olfactory neuroepithelium
olfactory organ
olfactory sense organ
olfactory sensory organ
organ olfactus
organum olfactorium
primary olfactory organ
periventricular zone of hypothalamus
hypothalamus periventricular zone
periventricular zone of the hypothalamus
zona periventricularis hypothalamicae
reticular formation
A composite substructure of the brainstem that consists of the midbrain reticular formation, the pontine reticular formation and the medullary reticular formation ( Carpenter-1983 ).
brain stem reticular formation
brainstem reticular formation
reticular formation (classical)
reticular formation of the brainstem
lamina of spiral limbus
The osseous spiral lamina consists of two plates of bone, and between these are the canals for the transmission of the filaments of the acoustic nerve. On the upper plate of that part of the lamina which is outside the vestibular membrane, the periosteum is thickened to form the limbus spiralis (or limbus laminæ spiralis), this ends externally in a concavity, the sulcus spiralis internus, which represents, on section, the form of the letter C. [WP,unvetted].
limbus lamina spiralis
limbus laminae spiralis
limbus laminae spiralis osseae
spiral limbus
spiral limbus lamina
stria vascularis of cochlear duct
The upper portion of the spiral ligament contains numerous capillary loops and small blood vessels, and is termed the stria vascularis. It produces endolymph for the scala media, one of the three fluid-filled compartments of the cochlea. [WP,unvetted].
psalterial cord
stria vascularis
stria vascularis ductus cochlearis
stria vascularis of cochlea
vascular stria of cochlear duct
vascular stripe of cochlear duct
telencephalic ventricle
A brain ventricle that is part of a telencephalon. In mammals and species with an evaginated telencephalon, this is one of a pair of lateral structures, one in each hemisphere
forebrain ventricle
lateral ventricle
lateral ventricle of brain
lateral ventricles
tectal ventricle
telencephalic ventricle
telencephalic ventricles
telencephalic vesicle
telencephalon lateral ventricle
choroid plexus of fourth ventricle
4th ventricle choroid plexus
Choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle
chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle
chorioid plexus of fourth ventricle
choroid plexus fourth ventricle
fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere
fourth ventricle choroid plexus
central canal of spinal cord
Spinal cord structure that is part of the ventricular system and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid and runs the length of the spinal cord.
canalis centralis
central canal
central canal of spinal cord
central canal, spinal cord/medulla
spinal cord central canal
ventricle of spinal cord
biliary system
Organ system subdivision that consists of the organs and ducts that are involved in the production and transportation of bile. In most species this is the gallbladder and the bile ducts (biliary tree).
biliary apparatus
biliary tract
dorsal mesentery
The mesentery that originates from the dorsal side of the peritoneal cavity[ZFA].
dorsal mesogastrium
mesenterium dorsale commune
brainstem
Stalk-like part of the brain that includes amongst its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain[ZFA,MP,generalized].
accessory medullary lamina of pallidum
brain stem
lamella pallidi incompleta
lamina medullaris accessoria
lamina medullaris incompleta pallidi
lamina pallidi incompleta
truncus encephali
truncus encephalicus
alveolus of lung
Spherical outcropping of the respiratory bronchioles and primary site of gas exchange with the blood. Alveoli are particular to mammalian lungs. Different structures are involved in gas exchange in other vertebrates[WP].
alveoli
alveolus
alveolus pulmonis
alveolus pulmonis
lung alveolus
pulmonary alveolus
respiratory alveoli
respiratory alveolus
layer of neocortex
One of the layers of the neocortex.
cerebral cortex layer
cortical layer
lamina of neocortex
layer of neocortex
neocortex layer
myocardium of atrium
atrial myocardium
atrium cardiac muscle
atrium myocardium
the atrial part of middle layer of the heart, comprised of involuntary muscle
juxtaglomerular apparatus
An anatomical structure which consists of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells and the macula densa. The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate[GO]. a microscopic structure in the kidney, which regulates the function of each nephron. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is named for its proximity to the glomerulus: it is found between the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle and the returning distal convoluted tubule of the same nephron. This location is critical to its function in regulating renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. The three cellular components of the apparatus are the macula densa, extraglomerular mesangial cells, and juxtaglomerular cells (also known as granular cells)[WP].
complexus juxtaglomerularis
juxtaglomerular complex
layer of hippocampus
The layers of the laminar structure of the hippocampus.
cytoarchitectural fields of hippocampal formation
hippocampus layer
hippocampus proper layer
layer of cornu ammonis
choroid plexus of lateral ventricle
Part of choroid plexus contained in the lateral ventricle
chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle
chorioid plexus of lateral ventricle
choroid plexus telencephalic ventricle
lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere
lateral ventricle choroid plexus
nucleus of brain
A neural nucleus that is part of the brain.
brain nuclei
brain nucleus
hippocampus pyramidal layer
A cytoarchitectural term denoting the layer of the hippocampus in which pyramidal cells are predominant. Its location is superficial to the Stratum oriens; it is deep to the Stratum radiatum in area CA1 and area CA2 and deep to the Stratum lucidum in area CA3 (Stephan-75) (NeuroNames).
gyrus occipitalis inferior
gyrus occipitalis tertius
hippocampal pyramidal cell layer
hippocampal pyramidal layer
hippocampus pyramidal cell layer
hippocampus stratum pyramidale
pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus
pyramidal layer of hippocampus
stratum pyramidale
stratum pyramidale hippocampi
gray matter of spinal cord
The ridge-shaped grey matter of the spinal cord that extends longitudunally through the center of each half of the spinal cord, and are largely or entirely composed of nerve cell bodies and their dendrites and some supportive tissue.
gray matter of spinal cord
gray substance of spinal cord
grey matter of spinal cord
grey substance of spinal cord
spinal cord gray matter
spinal cord grey matter
spinal cord grey substance
substantia grisea medullae spinalis
white matter
CNS tract/commissure
CNS tracts and commissures
CNS white matter
Neural tissue consisting of myelinated axons connecting grey matter areas of the central nervous system.
neuronal white matter
substantia alba
white mater
white matter of neuraxis
white substance
white matter of spinal cord
The regions of the spinal cord that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites.
spinal cord white matter
spinal cord white matter of neuraxis
spinal cord white substance
substantia alba medullae spinalis
white matter of neuraxis of spinal cord
white substance of spinal cord
mesangium
inner layer of the glomerulus, within the basement membrane surrounding the glomerular capillaries.
glomerular mesangium
A thin membrane which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus. It is connective tissue composed of mesangial cells - myofibroblasts phenotypically related to vascular smooth muscle cells (MUSCLE, SMOOTH, VASCULAR), PHAGOCYTES and the mesangial EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX.
extraglomerular mesangium
the tissue comprised of mesangial cells that fill the triangular space between the macula densa and the afferent and efferent arterioles of the juxtaglomerular apparatus
coelemic cavity lumen
The cavity within the body of all animals higher than the coelenterates and certain primitive worms, formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm into two layers. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities.
body cavity
celom
coelom
coelome
coelomic cavity
coelomic cavity lumen
hemocoel
main body cavity
space of body compartment
ventral body cavity
muscle of back
Any muscle organ that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition].
back muscle
back muscle organ
muscle organ of back
epithelium of urethra
The urethra is a renal system organ that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body. The epithelium is the tubular, planar layer of cells through which the urine passes..
epithelial tissue of urethra
urethra epithelial tissue
urethra epithelium
urethral epithelium
urethral plate
urethral seam
lamina propria of urethra
A lamina propria that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition].
lamina propria mucosa of urethra
lamina propria mucosae of urethra
urethra lamina propria
urethra lamina propria mucosa
urethra lamina propria mucosae
urethral lamina propria
notochord
A flexible rod-shaped body found in embryos of all chordates. It is composed of cells derived from the mesoderm and defines the primitive axis of the embryo. In some chordates, it persists throughout life as the main axial support of the body, while in most vertebrates it becomes the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. The notochord is found ventral to the neural tube.
embryonic notocord
notochorda
notocord
somite
Somites are spheres of epithelial cells that form sequentially along the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo through mesenchymal to epithelial transition of the presomitic mesoderm.
epimere
epimere mesoderm
epithelial somite
mesodermal cluster
somites
somitic mesoderm
somitus
exocrine system
Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce exocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity. Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their products (hormones) into ducts (duct glands). They are the counterparts to endocrine glands, which secrete their products (hormones) directly into the bloodstream (ductless glands) or release hormones (paracrines) that affect only target cells nearby the release site. [Wikipedia].
exocrine glandular system
umbilical cord
The connecting cord from the developing embryo to the placenta.
birth cord
chorda umbilicalis
connecting stalk
funiculus umbilicalis
funiculus umbilicalis
yolk stalk
macula densa
The macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO].
endometrial stroma
The layer of connective tissue comprised of the endometrial lining of the uterus which fluctuates in thickness throughout the menstrual cycle.
endometrium stroma
stroma of endometrium
lamina propria of bronchus
A lamina propria that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition].
bronchi lamina propria
bronchi lamina propria mucosa
bronchi lamina propria mucosae
bronchial lamina propria
bronchial trunk lamina propria
bronchial trunk lamina propria mucosa
bronchial trunk lamina propria mucosae
bronchus lamina propria
bronchus lamina propria mucosa
bronchus lamina propria mucosae
lamina propria mucosa of bronchi
lamina propria mucosa of bronchial trunk
lamina propria mucosa of bronchus
lamina propria mucosae of bronchi
lamina propria mucosae of bronchial trunk
lamina propria mucosae of bronchus
lamina propria of bronchi
lamina propria of bronchial trunk
neural crest
A specialized region of ectoderm found between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm and composed of highly migratory pluripotent cells that delaminate in early embryonic development from the dorsal neural tube and give rise to an astounding variety of differentiated cell types[MP].
NC
crista neuralis
neural crest material
abdomen musculature
Set of all muscles in abdomen.
abdominal musculature
muscle group of abdomen
muscles of abdomen
musculature of abdomen
musculature of abdominal wall
set of muscles of abdomen
neurectoderm
Embryonic ectoderm that gives rise to nervous tissue.
epithelium tubi neuralis; neuroectoderma
neuaral ectoderm
neural ectoderm
neuroectoderm
presumptive central nervous system
ventral neurogenic region
epicardium
a region of the serous membrane that forms the innermost layer of the pericardium and the outer surface of the heart.
heart epicardium
pericardium visceral mesothelium
visceral serous pericardium of heart
visceral serous pericardium proper
myocardium
cardiac muscle
heart muscle
heart myocardium
muscle of heart
the middle layer of the heart, comprised mainly of striated cardiac muscle fibers
conducting system of heart
The cardiac conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that regulate the frequency of heart beat[GO]
cardiac conducting system
cardiac conduction system
cardiac impulse conducting system
cardionector
central conduction system
complexus stimulans cordis
heart conduction system
impulse conducting system
systema conducente cordis
sinoatrial node
Koch's node
SA nodal muscle tissue
SA node
The part of the cardiac conduction system that controls the timing of heart muscle contraction. It relays electrical signals to the AV node[GO]. Subdivision of conducting system of heart at the junction of the right atrium and the superior vena cava, around the sinoatrial nodal branch of right coronary artery and is continuous with the internodal tract[FMA].
cardiac pacemaker
node of Keith-Flack
nodus sinuatrialis
nodus sinuatrialis
sinoatrial node
sinu-atrial node
sinuatrial nodal muscle tissue
sinuatrial node
sinus node
sinus node of Keith and Flack
atrioventricular node
A-V node
AV nodal muscle tissue
AV node
An area of conducting tissue between the atria and the ventricles of the heart that conducts the normal electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles.
Aschoff-Tawara node
atrio-ventricular node
atrioventricular nodal muscle tissue
atriovetricular node
downstream pacemaker
node of Tawara
nodus atrioventricularis
nodus atrioventricularis
atrioventricular bundle
A part of the His-Purkinje system that transmits signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers[GO]
A-V bundle
AV bundle
His bundle
atrio-ventricular bundle
atrioventricular bundle muscle tissue
atrioventricular fasciculus
bundle of His
fasciculus atrioventricularis
pelvic region of trunk
The lower segment of the trunk, inferioposterior to the abdomen proper, in the transition area between the trunk and the lower limbs.
lesser pelvis
pelvic region
pelvis
pelvis region
true pelvis
serous pericardium
Serous membrane which is divided into parietal and visceral serous pericardium.
pericardium serosum
serous portion of pericardium
peritoneum
A serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity[VHOG,modified].
peritonaeum
fibrous pericardium
Membrane organ which is attached to the pericardial sac proper and the central tendon of diaphragm and is continuous with the pretracheal fascia.[FMA]
fibrous portion of pericardium
pericardium fibrosum
meninx
Membrane organ that surrounds the brain and the spinal cord.
layer of meninges
meningeal layer
meninx primitiva
dura mater
Thick, fibrous meningeal covering surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It is the outermost of the three meningeal coverings. It consists of two layers: the periosteal dura linking the inner surface of the skull and the meningeal dura that lies above the arachnoid dural membrane. The meningeal layer draws away from the periosteal layer and certain locations to form the dural reflections.
dura
dura mater of neuraxis
pachymeninges
tympanic membrane
A thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear, consisting of two epithelia (one part of the the external accoustic meatus epithelium, the other part of the tympanic cavity epithelium) with a fibrous layer between them. Its function is to transmit sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear. The malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles. Rupture or perforation of the eardrum can lead to conductive hearing loss. [WP,unvetted].
Rivinus' membrane
ear drum
eardrum
lateral wall of tympanic cavity
membranous wall of tympanic cavity
myrinx
paries membranaceus cavi tympani
tympanum
exocrine gland
A gland that secretes products (excluding hormones and other chemical messengers) into ducts (duct glands) which lead directly into the external environment[WP]. Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas
ducted gland
glandula exocrina
prostate gland
The prostate gland is a partly muscular, partly glandular body that is situated near the base of the mammalian male urethra and secretes an alkaline viscid fluid which is a major constituent of the ejaculatory fluid.
male prostate
prostata
prostate
endocrine gland
Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products directly into the circulatory system rather than through a duct.[WP, modified].
ductless gland
ductless gland
glandula endocrina
glandulae endocrinae
adrenal gland
Either of a pair of complex endocrine organs near the anterior medial border of the kidney consisting of a mesodermal cortex that produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgenic hormones and an ectodermal medulla that produces epinephrine and norepinephrine[BTO].
adrenal
adrenal capsule
adrenal medulla cell
atrabiliary capsule
epinephric gland
epinephros
glandula adrenalis
glandula suprarenalis
glandula suprarenalis
interrenal gland
suprarenal capsule
suprarenal gland
thymus
Anatomical structure of largely lymphoid tissue that functions in cell-mediated immunity by being the site where T cells develop.
thymus gland
thymus organ
bone marrow
medulla of bone
medulla ossea
medulla ossium
the soft tissue that fills the cavities of bones
tonsil
Mandel
either of the two small almond-shaped masses of lymph tissue found on either side of the oropharynx
cranial muscle
Any muscle that is part of the head region.
adult head muscle organ
cephalic muscle
cephalic musculature
cranial muscle
head muscle
head muscle organ
head muscles
muscle of head
muscle organ of adult head
muscle organ of head
musculus caput
muscle of neck
Any muscle that is part of the cervical (neck) region.
muscle organ of neck
muscle organ of neck (volume)
neck (volume) muscle organ
neck muscle
neck muscle organ
muscle of abdomen
Muscle (organ) which is a part of the abdomen. Examples: external oblique, rectus abdominis.
abdomen muscle
abdomen muscle organ
abdominal muscle
abdominal wall muscle
abdominal wall musculature
muscle organ of abdomen
connective tissue
Bindegewebe
Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance.
portion of connective tissue
textus connectivus
muscle tissue
Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers[GO].
muscular tissue
portion of muscle tissue
textus muscularis
forelimb zeugopod
The middle limb segment of the pectoral free limb, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the forelimb zeugopodial skeleton, which includes as parts the radius and ulna, or their cartilage precursors, or evolutionary variants.
antebrachial region
antebrachium
antebrachium
antibrachium
arm middle limb segment
arm zeugopod
brachial region middle limb segment
brachial region zeugopod
fore epipodium
forearm
forelimb epipodium
forelimb zeugopodium
forelimb zygopod
intermediate segment of free upper limb
lower arm
lower segment of arm
middle limb segment of arm
middle limb segment of brachial region
middle limb segment of forelimb
middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb
regio antebrachialis
wing zeugopod
zeugopod of arm
zeugopod of brachial region
zeugopod of forelimb
zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb
pes
distal portion of the hind limb, including tarsal region, metatarsal region and digits.
foot
hind foot
hind limb autopodium
hind paw
hind-paw
hindfeet
hindfoot
hindfoot of quadruped
hindlimb autopod
hindlimb autopodium
hindlimb distal free limb segment
hindpaw
pes
terminal segment of free lower limb
manual digit
A digit that is part of a manus (hand).
digit of hand
digit of manus
digitus manus
finger
fore digit
forelimb digit
hand digit
manual digit (phalangeal portion) plus soft tissue
hematopoietic system
Anatomical system that is involved in the production of hematopoietic cells.
Blutbildungssystem
haematological system
haematopoietic system
haemopoietic system
hematological system
hematolymphoid system
hemopoietic system
organa haemopoietica
lymph
Lymph is the fluid that is formed when interstitial fluid enters the conduits of the lymphatic system[WP].
lympha
nasolacrimal duct
d. nasolacrimalis
nasolacrimal duct - posterior naris
tear duct
the paired channels leading from the lacrimal sacs to the inferior meatus of the nose, through which tears are conducted through the nasal cavity
bile duct
Any of the ducts that form the biliary tree, carrying bile from the liver to the small intestine.
bile tube
biliary duct
gall duct
hepatic duct
manus
distal segment of the fore limb, including carpal region, metacarpal region and digits.
fore foot
fore paw
fore-paw
forefeet
forefoot
forefoot of quadruped
forelimb autopod
forelimb autopodium
forepaw
hand
hand region
terminal segment of free upper limb
parietal pleura
The outer serous membrane of the pulmonary pleural.
pleura parietalis
visceral pleura
The inner serous membrane of the pulmonary pleural. The visceral pleura lines the lungs.
lung mesothelium
lung pleura
pleura pulmonalis
pleura visceralis
pleura visceralis (pulmonalis)
pulmonary pleura
pulmonary visceral pleura
pleural cavity
The fluid-filled cavity that lies between the visceral and parietal pleurae.
cavitas pleuralis
cavitum pleuralae
cavitum pleurale
immune system
Anatomical system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies.
pericardial sac
a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels.
pericardium
pericardium
The combination of pericardial sac (a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels) plus fibrous pericardium.
parietal serous pericardium
Parietal serous membrane which is part of the pericardium and forms the outer layer of the pericardial sac.
lamina parietalis (pericardii serosum)
lamina parietalis pericardii
parietal layer of serous pericardium
parietal pericardium
pericardial sac
autonomic nervous system
ANS
The autonomic nervous system is composed of neurons that are not under conscious control, and is comprised of two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g. of the gut), and glands[GO].
autonomic division of peripheral nervous system
autonomic part of peripheral nervous system
divisio autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici
divisio autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici
pars autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici
peripheral autonomic nervous system
visceral nervous system
vertebra
The ossified form of a vertebral element, a skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column.
vertebra bone
vertebrae
integumental system
Connected anatomical system that forms a barrier between an animal and its environment. In vertebrates, the integumental system consists of the epidermis, dermis plus associated glands and adnexa such as hair and scales. In invertebrates, the integumental system may include cuticle.
body surface
dermal system
external covering of organism
integumentary system
integumentum commune
organism surface
surface
abdominal segment of trunk
The abdominal segment of the torso.
abdomen/pelvis/perineum
lower body
lower trunk
lumbar region
cartilage tissue
Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts.
cartilage
cartilage tissue
cartilages
cartilaginous tissue
chondrogenic tissue
portion of cartilage tissue
skin gland
A gland that is part of a skin of body [Automatically generated definition].
glandulae cutis
set of skin glands
skin glands
skin glands set
basal ganglion
An individual member of a collection of basal ganglia. Basal ganglia are subcortical masses of gray matter in the forebrain and midbrain that are richly interconnected and so viewed as a functional system. The nuclei usually included are the caudate nucleus (caudoputamen in rodents), putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra (pars compacta and pars reticulata) and the subthalamic nucleus. Some also include the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum[NIF,modified].
basal ganglia
basal ganglion of telencephalon
basal nucleus
nuclei basales
hippocampal formation
Hippocampus (proper) plus dentate gyrus and subiculum[definition derived from NIF comments and ontology alignment].
archipallium
formatio hippocampi
hippocampus
hippocampus (Crosby)
major hippocampus
primal cortex
seahorse
fourth ventricle
4th ventricle
IVth ventricle
Part of the ventricular system of the brain, forming a single large irregularly shaped cavity located on the midline of the rhombencephalon, between the medulla, pons and the isthmus ventrally and the cerebellum dorsally. It is continuous with the cerebral aqueduct anteriorally and the central canal of the spinal cord posteriorly. It communicates with the subarachnoid space through its lateral and median apertures.
fourth ventricle proper
hindbrain ventricle
rhombencephalic ventricle
rhombencephalic vesicle
ventricle IV
ventricle of hindbrain
ventricle of rhombencephalon
ventriculus quartus
hepatobiliary system
The part of the digestive system that contains the liver and the biliary system
hepaticobiliary system
liver and biliary system
liver/biliary system
oral epithelium
An epithelium that is part of the mouth and lines the oral cavity, typically stratified squamous, and may be para-, ortho- or non- keratinized. Primary barrier between oral environment and deeper tissues
epithelium of mucosa of mouth
epithelium of oral mucosa
visceral serous pericardium
Visceral serous membrane which is continuous with the parietal serous pericardium and is attached to the myocardium[FMA].
epicardium
lamina visceralis pericardii serosi
pericardium visceral mesothelium
serous visceral pericardium
visceral lamina of serous pericardium
visceral layer of serous pericardium
visceral pericardium
chest muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition].
anterior thoracic region muscle organ
anterolateral part of thorax muscle organ
chest muscle organ
front of thorax muscle organ
muscle of thorax
muscle organ of anterior thoracic region
muscle organ of anterolateral part of thorax
muscle organ of chest
muscle organ of front of thorax
musculus thoracicus
thoracic muscle
arm skin
A zone of skin that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition].
brachial region skin
skin of arm
limb bone
A bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition].
bone of extremity
bone of limb
free limb bone
cervical lymph node
Cervical lymph nodes are lymph nodes found in the neck. [WP,unvetted].
lymph node of neck
striatum
A region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati.[GO].
caudate putamen
corpus striatum
corpus striatum (Zilles)
dorsal striatum
neostriatum
neuraxis striatum
striate nucleus
striated nucleus
striatum
striatum of neuraxis
cerebral hemisphere white matter
White matter that is part of a cerebral hemisphere.
cerebral hemisphere white matter
cerebral white matter
hemisphere white matter
region of cerebral white matter
substantia medullaris cerebri
white matter structure of cerebral hemisphere
choroidal blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a choroid [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of choroid
blood vessel of choroid coat
blood vessel of choroidea
blood vessel of posterior uvea
choroid blood vessel
choroid blood vessels
choroid blood vessels set
choroid coat blood vessel
choroidea blood vessel
posterior uvea blood vessel
set of choroid blood vessels
vasa sanguinea choroideae
patella
A large sesamoid bone found in the distal femur/proximal tibial region of the hindlimb of tetrapods. The patella is the attachment site for proximal hindlimb tendons.[PHENOSCAPE:ad]
knee bone
knee cap
patella
decidua
The maternal uterine-derived portion of the placenta
decidous membrane
decidua basalis
endometrium
extraembryonic part of placenta
extraembryonic placenta
maternal decidual layer
maternal part of placenta
maternal placenta
placenta maternal decidual layer
uterine decidua
endometrial gland
The mucous secreting gland associated with the mucuous membrane lining the uterus.
endometrial gland
endometrial mucuous gland
endometrium gland
glandulae uterinae
glandulae uterinae
uterine gland
internal thoracic artery
An artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and the breasts. It is a paired artery, with one running along each side of the sternum, to continue after its bifurcation as the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries. [WP,unvetted].
arteria mammaria interna
arteria thoracica interna
internal mammary artery
internal thoracic mammary artery
mammary artery
intersomitic artery
The small branching sprouts of the dorsal aorta that grow across the medial surface of the somite, turn right angles to grow over that surface and then fuse with other sprouts and form the vertebral arteries adjacent to the neural tube; the intersomitic arteries supply the body wall and persist in the adult as the posterior intercostal, subcostal and the lumbar arteries
intersegmental arteries
intersegmental artery
nerve trunk
peripheral nerve trunk
trunk of nerve
trunk of peripheral nerve
lymphoid system
The lymphatic system in vertebrates is a network of conduits that carry a clear fluid called lymph. It also includes the lymphoid tissue through which the lymph travels. Lymphoid tissue is found in many organs, particularly the lymph nodes, and in the lymphoid follicles associated with the digestive system such as the tonsils. The system also includes all the structures dedicated to the circulation and production of lymphocytes, which includes the spleen, thymus, bone marrow and the lymphoid tissue associated with the digestive system[WP].
lymphatic circulatory system
lymphatic drainage system
lymphatic system
systema lymphoideum
esophagus mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition].
esophageal mucosa
esophageal mucous membrane
esophagus mucosa
esophagus mucous membrane
lamina muscularis mucosae oesophageae
mucosa of esophagus
mucosa of oesophagus
mucous membrane of esophagus
mucous membrane of oesophagus
muscularis mucosae of oesophagus
oesophageal mucosa
oesophagus mucosa
oesophagus mucous membrane
tunica mucosa esophagi
tunica mucosa oesophageae
tunica mucosa oesophagi
tunica mucosa oesophagi
autopod region
Terminal segment of free limb, immediately distal to the zeugopod region. The fully developed autopod consists of the autopod skeleton plus associated structures such as integument, muscle tissue, vasculature etc. The autopod is divided into mesopodial, metapodiual, and acropodial segments. Examples: human hand, mouse paw, human foot
autopod
autopodial element
autopodial limb segment
autopodial segment
autopodium
autopodium region
distal free limb segment
distal segment of free limb
distal segment of limb
manus/pes
paw
paw/hand/foot/hoof
pod
zeugopod
The middle free limb segment, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the zeugopodial skeleton. Examples: There are two types of zeugopod: forelimb zeugopod (aka forearm), hindlimb zeugopod (aka crus).
epipodium
middle free limb segment
middle limb segment
middle part of limb
middle segment of free limb
zeugopod limb segment
zeugopodial limb segment
zeugopodium
zygopod
zygopodium
stylopod
The proximal free limb segment. Includes as parts the stylopod skeleton.
propodium
proximal free limb segment
proximal part of limb
proximal segment of free limb
stylopodial limb segment
stylopodium
bone tissue
Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts.
bone
calcium tissue
mineralized bone tissue
osseous tissue
osteogenic tissue
portion of bone tissue
prostate duct
The minute canals that pass the prostatic secretions to the urethra.
duct of prostate
duct of prostate gland
prostate duct
prostate gland duct
prostatic duct
uterine artery
arteria uterina
the branch of the internal iliac artery that supplies the uterus and the upper part of the vagina
long bone
Long bone is a limb bone that is subcylindrical and has a shaft with periosteum separating the ends of the bones. Long bones are present only in the limbs[VSAO:wd].
os longum
cochlear labyrinth
The labyrinth is a system of fluid passages in the inner ear, including both the cochlea, which is part of the auditory system, and the vestibular system, which provides the sense of balance. It is named by analogy with the mythical maze that imprisoned the Minotaur, because of its appearance. The bony labyrinth, or osseous labyrinth, is the network of passages with bony walls lined with periosteum. The bony labyrinth is lined with the membranous labyrinth. There is a layer of perilymph between them. The three parts of the bony labyrinth are the vestibule of the ear, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea. The vestibular system is the region of the inner ear where the semicircular canals converge, close to the cochlea (the hearing organ). The vestibular system works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. Joint and muscle receptors also are important in maintaining balance. The brain receives, interprets, and processes the information from these systems that control our balance. [WP,unvetted].
iris epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of iris
epithelium of iris
epithelium pigmentosum (iris)
epithelium pigmentosum iridis
iris epithelial tissue
iris epithelium
iris pigmented epithelium
pigmented epithelium of iris
abdominal lymph node
A lymph node that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition].
abdomen lymph node
lymph node of abdomen
parietal abdominal lymph node
mesenteric lymph node
The lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group.
mesenteric node
nodi lymphoidei mesenterici
corpus luteum
A transient endocrine gland that develops from the postovulatory or atretic follicles and secretes progesterone; it is thought to be related to egg retention[PMID].
corpora lutea
corpus luteum of ovary
luteal gland
ovarian corpus luteum
endochondral bone
Replacement bone that forms within cartilage.
cartilaginous bone
endochondral bones
ossified chondrogenic bone
basicranium
The base of skull is the most inferior area of the skull, composed of the endocranium and lower parts of the skull roof.
base of cranium
base of skull
basis cranii
cranial base
otolith organ
otolith organs
saccule and utricle
the crystalline particles composed of calcium carbonate and a protein which adhere to the gelatinous membrane of the maculae of the utricle and saccule (otolithic membrane)
utricle and saccule
elastic tissue
Connective tissue composed of elastic fibers.
elastic connective tissue
elastic fiber
textus connectivus elasticus
tunica intima
Bichat's tunic
The innermost layer of a blood vessel which is a lining of endothelial cells facing the lumen[Kardong].
intima
tunica intima vasorum
pancreatic lymph node
A lymph node that is part of a pancreas [Automatically generated definition].
aJCC level 19 node
lymph node of pancreas
pancreas lymph node
pancreatic node
pyloric lymph node
limb segment
A major subdivision of a mature or developing limb, including both skeletal elements (or the mesenchyme that gives rise to the skeletal elements) and associated tissues, such as muscle, connective tissue, integument. Examples: autopod region, zeugopod region, stylopod region, metapodial region, arm region. Excludes the limb girdles.
extremity part
free limb segment
limb region
region of limb
segment of limb
subdivision of limb
gland
Druese
an organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ
glandula
glandular organ
epiblast (generic)
In amniote animal embryology, the epiblast is a tissue type derived either from the inner cell mass in mammals or the blastodisc in birds and reptiles. It lies above the hypoblast. In mammalian embryogenesis, the columnar cells of the epiblast are adjacent to the trophoblast, while the cuboidal cells of the hypoblast are closer to the blastocoele. The epiblast, whilst referred to as the primary ectoderm, differentiates to form all three layers of the trilaminar germ disc in a process called gastrulation[WP]. The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation[ZFA]
blastocyst
ectoblast
epiblast
epiblastus
primitive ectoderm
pharyngeal arch
One of a series of paired bulges that develop along the lateral walls of the foregut. The pharyngeal arches have developmental contributions from endoderm, mesoderm, and neural crest cells and are separated by anterior lateral endoderm out-pockets known as pharyngeal pouches.
arcus pharyngei
branchial arch
pharyngeal arches
visceral arch
lateral line system
A line of sensory organs and associated structures along the sides of fish and amphibia that detect vibrations and pressure changes.
lateral line organs
lateral line stitches
lateral-line organs
ll
digit
A subdivision of the autopod that has as part a series of phalanges together with associated vasculature, musculature, integument and nerves. It is continuous with the metapodial subdivision of the autopod, but does not include the metapodials. In species such as humans, fully formed digits are distinct, whereas in other species the digits may be connected by interdigital webbing, or may be completely unseparated (for example, in cetaceans).
acropodial unit
digit (phalangeal portion) plus soft tissue
limb digit
cranial placode
Ectodermal placode that develops in the head into a part of the sensory nervous system. With a few exceptions (lens, adenohypophyseal), cranial placodes are neurogenic.
cranial placodes
ectodermal cranial placode
ectodermal placode
placode
anatomical cavity
Anatomical space which contains portions of one or more body substances and is bounded by the internal surface of one maximally connected anatomical structure. Examples: cranial cavity, pharyngeal recess space, nasal cavity, tooth socket, cavity of serous sac, lumen of stomach, lumen of artery, fornix of vagina.
cavity
organ cavity
cavity of organ
medullary reticular formation
The reticular formation is a series of brain nuclei located in the medulla oblongata
bulb reticular formation
bulbar reticular formation
formatio reticularis myelencephali
medulla oblongata reticular formation
medulla oblonmgata reticular formation
medullary reticular nucleus
metepencephalon reticular formation
reticular formation
reticular formation of bulb
reticular formation of medulla
reticular formation of medulla oblongata
reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata
reticular formation of metepencephalon
rhombencephalic reticular formation
obsolete regional part of medullary reticular formation
A regional part of brain that is part of a medullary reticular formation [Automatically generated definition].
medullary reticular formation segment
segment of medullary reticular formation
true
limbic lobe
Part of cerebral hemisphere located on the medial surface, forming a ring around the brain stem
fornicate convolution
fornicate gyrus
fornicate lobe
grande lobe limbique of Broca
gyrus fornicatus
limbic lobe (carpenter)
lobus limbicus
regional part of brain
Anatomical divisons of the brain according to one or more criteria, e.g. cytoarchitectural, gross anatomy. Parts may be contiguous in 3D or not, e.g., basal ganglia.
anatomical structure of brain
biological structure of brain
brain anatomical structure
brain biological structure
brain part
neuraxis segment
neuroanatomical region
segment of brain
obsolete regional part of cerebral cortex
A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebral cortex [Automatically generated definition].
cerebral cortex part
cerebral cortex region
neocortex region
region of cerebral cortex
segment of cerebral cortex
true
obsolete regional part of midbrain tegmentum
A multi-tissue structure that is part of a midbrain tegmentum.
midbrain tegmentum segment
segment of midbrain tegmentum
true
midbrain reticular formation
MBRF
Part of the reticular formation located in the midbrain tegmentum
formatio reticularis mesencephali
formatio reticularis tegmentalis
formatio reticularis tegmenti mesencephali
reticular formation of midbrain
substantia reticularis mesencephali
tegmental reticular formation
obsolete regional part of medulla oblongata
A regional part of brain that is part of a medulla oblongata [Automatically generated definition].
medullary oblongata segment
segment of medulla oblongata
true
obsolete regional part of metencephalon
A regional part of brain that is part of a metencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
metencephalon subdivision
segment of metencephalon
true
basal forebrain
A region of the brain consisting of ventral and rostral subcortical regions of the telencephalon, including among others, the basal ganglia, septal nuclei, amygdala, ventral pallidum, substantia innominata, and basal nucleus of Meynert.
basal forebrain area
pars basalis telencephali
regional part of cerebellar cortex
A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebellar cortex [Automatically generated definition].
cerebellar cortical segment
segment of cerebellar cortex
obsolete regional part of forebrain
A regional part of brain that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition].
forebrain segment
segment of forebrain
true
obsolete regional part of diencephalon
A regional part of brain that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
diencephalon segment
true
obsolete regional part of telencephalon
A regional part of brain that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
segment of telencephalon
telencephalon segment
true
vestibular ganglion
Scarpa's ganglion
The ganglion of the vestibular nerve. It contains the cell bodies of the bipolar primary afferent neurons whose peripheral processes form synaptic contact with hair cells of the vestibular sensory end organs[WP,unvetted]. Distributed to the maculae of the utricle and saccule and to the ampullary crests of the semicircular ducts. The vestibular fibers arise in bipolar cells in the vestibular ganglion in the internal acoustic meatus.
nucleus nervi oculomotorii, pars medialis
vestibular part of vestibulocochlear ganglion
vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion vestibular component
vestibulocochlear ganglion vestibular component
vestibulocochlear ganglion
SAG
acoustic ganglion
acoustic ganglion VIII
acoustico-vestibular VIII ganglion
auditory ganglion
auditory ganglion
gVIII
ganglion VIII
nucleus nervi oculomotorii ventrolateralis
nucleus nervi oculomotorii, pars ventralis
statoacoustic (VIII) ganglion
statoacoustic VIII ganglion
statoacoustic ganglia
statoacoustic ganglion
the group of neuron cell bodies associated with the eighth cranial nerve during embryogenesis; splits in later development to form the cochlear and vestibular ganglia
vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion
vestibulocochlear ganglia
thoracic dorsal root ganglion
A dorsal root ganglion that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
dorsal root ganglion of thorax
ganglion of dorsal root of thorax
ganglion spinalis of thorax
thoracic dorsal root ganglion
thoracic spinal ganglion
thorax dorsal root ganglion
thorax ganglion of dorsal root
thorax ganglion spinalis
gustatory epithelium
A sensory epithelium that is part of a gustatory system.
obsolete regional part of cerebellum
segment of cerebellum
subdivision of cerebellum
true
obsolete regional part of midbrain
A regional part of brain that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition].
midbrain segment
segment of midbrain
true
septum
A wall, dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones[WP].
septa
obsolete regional part of hypothalamus
A regional part of brain that is part of a hypothalamus [Automatically generated definition].
hypothalamus segment
segment of hypothalamus
true
olfactory placode
A thick plate of cells derived from the neural ectoderm in the head region of the embryo that develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity.
nasal I placode
nasal placode
olfactory placodes
placoda nasalis
placoda olfactoria
ear vesicle
An epithelial sac of invaginated ectoderm formed from the otic placode that gives rise to the structures of the inner ear[MP]
OV
acoustic vesicle
auditory vesicle
otic vesicle
otocyst
periderm
A temporary epithelium that derives from the outer layer of the ectdoerm and is shed once the inner layer differentiates to form a true epidermis.
EVL
epidermis epithelial layer
epidermis outer layer
epitrichium
periderm
skin periderm
pre-chordal neural plate
The portion of neural plate anterior to the mid-hindbrain junction.
anterior neural plate
chordal neural plate
The portion of neural plate posterior to the mid-hindbrain junction.
posterior neural plate
presomitic mesoderm
PSM
Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form.
presumptive somite mesoderm
segmental plate
somitogenic mesoderm
somitomeric mesoderm
unsegmented mesenchyme
unsegmented paraxial mesoderm
pronephric duct
In mammals, the pronephric duct is the predecessor of the Wolffian duct[WP].
archinephric duct
ductus pronephricus
pronephric ducts
blood island
Blood islands are structures in the developing embryo which lead to many different parts of the circulatory system. They primarily derive from plexuses formed from angioblasts. Within them, vacuoles appear through liquefaction of the central part of the syncytium into plasma. The lumen of the blood vessels thus formed is probably intracellular. The flattened cells at the periphery form the endothelium. The nucleated red blood corpuscles develop either from small masses of the original angioblast left attached to the inner wall of the lumen or directly from the flat endothelial cells. In either case the syncytial mass thus formed projects from and is attached to the wall of the vessel. Such a mass is known as a blood island and hemoglobin gradually accumulates within it. Later the cells on the surface round up, giving the mass a mulberry-like appearance. Then the red blood cells break loose and are carried away in the plasma. Such free blood cells continue to divide. Blood islands have been seen in the area vasculosa in the omphalomesenteric vein and arteries, and in the dorsal aorta[WP, unvetted].
VBI
blood islands
caudal hematopoietic tissue
posterior ICM
posterior blood island
ventral blood island
ventral lateral plate mesoderm
prechordal plate
A horseshoe-shaped thickening of the endoderm at the cranial (rostral) end of the primitive streak formed by the involution of Spemann's organizer cells which, together with the notochord, induces the formation of the neural plate from the overlying ectodermal cells and contributes mesodermal type cells to the surrounding tissue
head mesenchyme
head mesoderm
intermediate mesoderm
IM
The intermediate mesoderm is located between the lateral mesoderm and the paraxial mesoderm. It develops into the kidney and gonads.
intermediate mesenchyme
intermediate plate
intermediate plate mesoderm
mesenchyma intermedium
pharyngeal arch 2
2nd arch
2nd pharyngeal arch
2nd visceral arch
The second pharyngeal arch will form the hyoid apparatus. The cranial neural crest cells that populate the second pharyngeal arch emerge primarily from rhombomere 4 and will form skeletal elements.
arcus pharyngeus secundus
branchial arch 2
hyoid arch
hyoid bars
pharyngeal arch 2
pharyngeal arches 2
second branchial arch
second pharyngeal arch
second visceral arch
visceral arch 2
dorsolateral placode
Lateral neurogenic placodes positioned dorsal of the epibranchial placodes.
dorsolateral placodes
axial mesoderm
The axial mesoderm includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm. It gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord.
chordamesoderm
otic placode
A cranial placode which, once specified, invaginates to form an otic cup, which eventually separates from the surface ectoderm to form the otic vesicle or otocyst, a rounded structure without appar- ent polarity. As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII[NBK]
auditory placode
ear placode
ear/otic placode
octaval VIII placode
octaval placode
placoda otica
eye primordium
Portion of tissue that is part of the anterior neural keel and will form the optic vesicle[ZFA]. A paired ectodermal placode that becomes invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles.
eye anlage
eye field
eye placode
occular primordium
ocular primordium
optic field
optic placode
optic placode of camera-type eye
optic placodes
optic primordium
optic cup
Multi-tissue structure that is comprised of neural and non-neural epithelial layers which will form the retina and retinal pigmented epithelium of the mature eye[ZFA]. double walled structured formed by expansion and invagination of the distal end of the optic vesicle that develops into the pigmented and sensory layers of the retina while the mouth of the optic cup eventually forms the pupil of the eye[MP].
eye cup
eyecup
ocular cup
ophtalmic cup
lens placode
A thickened portion of ectoderm which serves as the precursor to the lens. SOX2 and Pou2f1 are involved in its development[WP].
lens placodes
placoda lentis
mesonephric duct
Leydig's duct
Paired organ that connects the primitive kidney Wolffian body (or mesonephros) to the cloaca and serves as the anlage for certain male reproductive organs. the Wolffian duct is what remains of the pronephric duct after the atrophy of the pronephros[WP]. In Zebrafish: Duct of the adult kidney (mesonephros), present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the cloacal chamber[ZFA].
Wolffian duct
archinephric duct
ductus mesonephricus; ductus Wolffi
renal duct
neural plate
A region of embryonic ectodermal cells that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape and produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube[XAO]. The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium[ZFA]
lamina neuralis
presumptive central nervous system
posterior neural tube
paraxial mesoderm
The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube[GO]
mesoderma paraxiale
paraxial mesenchyme
somitic mesoderm
anterior neural tube
lateral plate mesoderm
LPM
Portion of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo that resides on the periphery of the embryo, is continuous with the extra-embryonic mesoderm, splits into two layers enclosing the intra-embryonic coelom, and gives rise to body wall structures[MP].
lateral mesoderm
lateral plate
lateral plate mesenchyme
mesoderma laminae lateralis
myotome
A transitional population of migrating mesenchymal cells that derive from somites and that will become muscle cells.
muscle plate
myomere
myomeres
myotome region
myotomes
myotomus
trunk neural crest
TNC
Trunk portion of the neural crest. The trunk neural crest lies between the vagal and sacral neural crest and gives rise to two groups of cells. One group migrates dorsolateral and populates the skin, forming pigment cells and the other migrates ventrolateral through the anterior sclerotome to become the epinephrine-producing cells of the adrenal gland and the neurons of the sympathetic nervous system. Some cells remain in the sclerotome to form the dorsal root ganglia [Wikipedia].
trunk crest
heart primordium
Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline to form the heart rudiment or cone.
cardiac field
fused heart primordium
sclerotome
Ventral somitic compartment that is a precursor of the axial skeleton[XAO]. Sclerotomes eventually differentiate into the vertebrae and most of the skull. The caudal (posterior) half of one sclerotome fuses with the rostral (anterior) half of the adjacent one to form each vertebra. From their initial location within the somite, the sclerotome cells migrate medially towards the notochord. These cells meet the sclerotome cells from the other side to form the vertebral body. From this vertebral body, sclerotome cells move dorsally and surround the developing spinal cord, forming the vertebral arch[WP].
sclerotomes
sclerotomus
thyroid primordium
The initial thyroid precursor, the thyroid primordium, starts as a simple midline thickening and develops to form the thyroid diverticulum. This structure is initially hollow, although it later solidifies and becomes bilobed. The 2 lobes are located on either side of the midline and are connected via an isthmus.
thyroid primordia
cranial neural crest
CNC
cephalic neural crest
cranial NCC population
crista neuralis cranialis
head NCC population
head crest
head neural crest
neural crest cells (NCCs) originating in the anterior part of the developing embryo and residing between the mid-diencephalon and the forming hindbrain; cranial NCCs migrate dorsolaterally to form the craniofacial mesenchyme that differentiates into various craniofacial cartilages and bones, cranial neurons, glia, and connective tissues of the face; these cells enter the pharyngeal pouches and arches where they give rise to thymic cells, bones of the middle ear and jaw (mandible), and the odontoblasts of the tooth primordia; like their counterparts in the trunk, cranial NCCs also contribute to the developing peripheral nervous system, along with the pigmented cell (i.e. melanocyte) lineage.
female organism
Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes.
female
female human body
male organism
Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes.
male
male human body
surface structure
Anatomical structure that overlaps the outer epithelial layer and is adjacent to the space surrounding the organism.
anatomical surface feature
surface feature
surface region
surface structures
compound organ
Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types.
organ
mesenchyme
Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage[XAO]. A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium[ZFA]. The part of the embryonic mesoderm, consisting of loosely packed, unspecialized cells set in a gelatinous ground substance, from which connective tissue, bone, cartilage, and the circulatory and lymphatic systems develop[BTO].
mesenchyma
mesenchymal tissue
mesenchyme tissue
portion of mesenchymal tissue
portion of mesenchyme tissue
pharyngeal arch 6
6th arch
6th pharyngeal arch
6th visceral arch
The 6th pharyngeal arch. contributes to the development of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
branchial arch 4
fourth branchial arch
gill arch 4
sixth branchial arch
sixth pharyngeal arch
sixth visceral arch
visceral arch 6
pharyngeal arch artery 1
1st aortic arch artery
1st arch artery
1st branchial arch artery
1st pharyngeal arch artery
AA1
The vessels formed within the first pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis
aortic arch 1
first aortic arch
first arch artery
first branchial arch artery
mandibular aortic arch
pharyngeal arch artery 2
2nd aortic arch artery
2nd arch artery
2nd branchial arch artery
2nd pharyngeal arch artery
AA2
The vessels formed within the second pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis
aortic arch 2
hyoid aortic arch
second aortic arch
second branchial arch artery
pharyngeal arch artery 6
6th aortic arch artery
6th arch artery
6th branchial arch artery
6th pharyngeal arch artery
AA6
The vessels formed within the sixth pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis
aortic arch 6
pulmonary arch
sixth aortic arch
sixth branchial arch artery
chorion
chorion (vertebrates)
chorion frondosum
chorionic sac
embryonic chorion
fetal chorion
the outermost extraembryonic membrane
uterine chorion
trachea
The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches [GO:dph].
cartilaginous trachea
tracheal tubule
vertebrate trachea
windpipe
cranium
Upper portion of the skull that excludes the mandible (when present in the organism).
bones of cranium
calvarium
epicranial plate
ossa cranii
set of bones of cranium
skeletal system of head
skull minus mandible
upper part of skull
skull
Anatomical structure that is part of the head consisting entirely of cranium and mandible[WP].
cranial skeleton
skeletal system of head
reproductive organ
An organ involved in reproduction
genital organ
genitalia
reproductive system organ
sex organ
female reproductive organ
A female organ involved in reproduction
female organism reproductive organ
female organism reproductive structure
female organism reproductive system organ
female organism sex organ
female reproductive gland/organ
female reproductive system organ
female sex organ
reproductive organ of female organism
reproductive structure of female organism
reproductive system organ of female organism
sex organ of female organism
male reproductive organ
A male organ involved in reproduction
male organism reproductive organ
male organism reproductive structure
male organism reproductive system organ
male organism sex organ
male reproductive gland/organ
male reproductive system organ
male sex organ
reproductive organ of male organism
reproductive structure of male organism
reproductive system organ of male organism
sex organ of male organism
blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier
barrier in the choroid plexus located in the lateral, third, and fourth brain ventricles that controls the entrance of substances into the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood[MP].
blood-CSF barrier
mammary gland alveolus
A sac-like structure that is found in the mature gland[GO].
alveolus of lactiferous gland
alveolus of lobe of breast
alveolus of lobe of mammary gland
alveolus of mammary gland
lactiferous alveolus
lactiferous gland alveolus
lobe of breast alveolus
lobe of mammary gland alveolus
mammary alveoli
mammary alveolus
alveolus
organ part that has the form of a hollow cavity[WP].
ovary septum
Septum that divides the ovary, the basal portion of a carpel or group of fused carpels, that encloses the ovule(s)[GO].
metanephric mesenchyme
metanephric blastema
metanephric mesoderm
metanephrogenic mesenchyme
metanephros associated mesenchyme
one of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud). The metanephric blastema mostly develops into nephrons, but can also form parts of the collecting duct system.[WP]. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros[GO]
phalanx
Endochondral bones that are often elongate and arranged in rows of articulating elements, and form the visible part of the digits.
digit long bone
long bone of digit
phalange
phalanges
phalanx bone
epithelium of knee
An epithelium that is part of a knee [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of knee
knee epithelial tissue
knee epithelium
epithelium of lower jaw
An epithelium that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of lower jaw
epithelial tissue of ventral mandibular arch
epithelium of ventral mandibular arch
lower jaw epithelial tissue
lower jaw epithelium
ventral mandibular arch epithelial tissue
ventral mandibular arch epithelium
epithelium of utricle
An epithelium that is part of a utricle of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of membranous labyrinth utricle
epithelial tissue of utricle
epithelial tissue of utricle of membranous labyrinth
epithelial tissue of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)
epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth
epithelium of membranous labyrinth utricle
epithelium of utricle of membranous labyrinth
epithelium of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)
membranous labyrinth utricle epithelial tissue
membranous labyrinth utricle epithelium
utricle epithelial tissue
utricle epithelium
utricle of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue
utricle of membranous labyrinth epithelium
utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelial tissue
utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelium
epithelium of saccule
An epithelium that is part of a saccule of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of membranous labyrinth saccule
epithelial tissue of saccule
epithelial tissue of saccule of membranous labyrinth
epithelial tissue of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)
epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth
epithelium of membranous labyrinth saccule
epithelium of saccule of membranous labyrinth
epithelium of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)
membranous labyrinth saccule epithelial tissue
membranous labyrinth saccule epithelium
saccule epithelial tissue
saccule epithelium
saccule of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue
saccule of membranous labyrinth epithelium
sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelial tissue
sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelium
epithelium of cochlear duct
An epithelium that is part of a cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition].
Reissner's canal epithelial tissue
Reissner's canal epithelium
cochlear duct epithelial tissue
cochlear duct epithelium
cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue
cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth epithelium
epithelial tissue of Reissner's canal
epithelial tissue of cochlear duct
epithelial tissue of cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth
epithelium of Reissner's canal
epithelium of cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth
epithelium of mammary gland
epithelium of lactiferous gland
lactiferous gland epithelium
mammary epithelium
mammary gland epithelial tissue
mammary gland epithelium
the epithelial layer of the luminal surfaces of the mammary gland
epithelium of forearm
An epithelium that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition].
forearm epithelium
epithelium of footplate
An epithelium that is part of a footplate.
foot plate epithelium
footplate epithelium
epithelium of otic placode
An epithelium that is part of a otic placode [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of otic placode
otic epithelium
otic placode epithelial tissue
otic placode epithelium
amniotic ectoderm
amnion ectoderm
amnion epithelium
amnionic ectoderm
yolk sac endoderm
The portion of the yolk sac that is derived from endoderm and lines the yolk sac.
endoderm of foregut
An endoderm that is part of a foregut [Automatically generated definition].
foregut endoderm
endoderm of midgut
An endoderm that is part of a midgut [Automatically generated definition].
midgut endoderm
endoderm of hindgut
An endoderm that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition].
hindgut endoderm
thyroid primordium endoderm
An endoderm that is part of a thyroid primordium.
endoderm of thyroid primordium
amniotic mesoderm
A mesenchyme that is part of a amnion.
amnion mesenchyme
amnion mesoderm
amnionic mesenchyme
amnionic mesoderm
amnionic mesoderm
mesenchyme of amnion
chorionic mesenchyme
A mesenchyme that is part of a chorion.
chorion mesenchyme
chorion mesoderm
chorionic mesenchyme
mesenchyme of chorion
mesenchyme of chorion (vertebrates)
tooth of lower jaw
A calcareous tooth that is part of the lower jaw region. In mammals, the lower jaw teeth are attached to the mandible (dentary).
calcareous tooth of lower jaw
lower jaw calcareous tooth
lower jaw dentine containing tooth
lower jaw tooth
lower jaw vertebrate tooth
mandibular tooth
skeletal muscle tissue of eye
A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a eye [Automatically generated definition].
eye skeletal muscle
eye skeletal muscle group
eye skeletal muscle tissue
skeletal muscle tissue of eye
obsolete skeletal muscle tissue of tongue
true
obsolete skeleton of embryo
A skeletal system that is part of a embryo [Automatically generated definition].
developmental tissue set of all bones
developmental tissue set of bones of body
developmental tissue skeletal system
developmental tissue skeleton
developmental tissue skeleton system
embryo set of all bones
embryo set of bones of body
embryo skeletal system
embryo skeleton
embryo skeleton system
set of all bones of developmental tissue
set of all bones of embryo
set of bones of body of developmental tissue
set of bones of body of embryo
skeletal system of developmental tissue
skeletal system of embryo
skeleton of developmental tissue
skeleton system of developmental tissue
skeleton system of embryo
true
skeleton of lower jaw
A subdivision of the skeleton that corresponds to the lower part of the mouth. The lower jaw skeleton includes the following elements, when present: lower jaw teeth, the mandible and other lower jaw bones, and Meckel's cartilage.
lower jaw
lower jaw skeleton
mandible
mandibles
mandibular series
endothelium of trachea
An endothelium that is part of a trachea.
endothelium of windpipe
trachea endothelium
windpipe endothelium
mesentery of stomach
The portion of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach; from its dorsal sheet, the greater omentum develops, and from its ventral sheet, the lesser omentum.
mesentery of ventriculus
mesogaster
mesogastium
mesogastrium
stomach mesentery
ventriculus mesentery
mesentery of heart
A mesentery that surrounds the heart.
cardiac mesentery
heart mesentery
mesocardium
mesentery of oesophagus
A mesentery that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition].
esophagus mesentery
gullet mesentery
mesentery of esophagus
mesentery of gullet
meso-esophagus
oesophagus mesentery
mesentery of midgut
A mesentery that is part of a midgut [Automatically generated definition].
midgut mesentery
meninx of midbrain
A meninx that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition].
meninges of midbrain
mesencephalon meninges
midbrain meninges
midbrain meninx
meninx of telencephalon
A meninx that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
meninges of telencephalon
telencephalon meninges
telencephalon meninx
meninx of diencephalon
A meninx that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
between brain meninges
between brain meninx
diencephalon meninges
diencephalon meninx
interbrain meninges
interbrain meninx
mature diencephalon meninges
mature diencephalon meninx
meninges of between brain
meninges of diencephalon
meninges of interbrain
meninges of mature diencephalon
meninx of between brain
meninx of interbrain
meninx of mature diencephalon
meninx of hindbrain
A meninx that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition].
hindbrain meninges
hindbrain meninx
meninges of hindbrain
rhomencephalon meninges
meninx of spinal cord
A meninx that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition].
menines of spinal cord
meninges of spinal cord
spinal cord meninges
spinal cord meninx
spinal meninges
spinal meninx
gland of foregut
A gland that is part of a foregut [Automatically generated definition].
foregut gland
pharyngeal gland
Racemose mucous glands beneath the mucous membrane of the pharynx.
glandulae pharyngeae
pharynx gland
gland of diencephalon
Any gland that is part of the diencephalon. Examples: pineal gland, neurohypophysis.
diencephalon gland
interbrain gland
gland of integumental system
A gland that is part of a integumental system [Automatically generated definition].
integumental gland
integumental system gland
integumentary gland
mesoderm blood island
A blood island that is part of a mesoderm.
mesenchyme blood island
mesoderm blood islands
mesenchyme of testis
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing testis [Automatically generated definition].
testis mesenchyme
eye mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing camera-type eye.
mesenchyme of eye
mesenchyme of ovary
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing ovary [Automatically generated definition].
female reproductive system gonad mesenchyme
female reproductive system gonada mesenchyme
gonad of female reproductive system mesenchyme
gonada of female reproductive system mesenchyme
mesenchyme of female reproductive system gonad
mesenchyme of female reproductive system gonada
mesenchyme of gonad of female reproductive system
mesenchyme of gonada of female reproductive system
ovary mesenchyme
mesenchyme of yolk sac
The portion of the yolk sac that is derived from mesoderm and consists of mesenchyme.
yolk sac mesenchyme
mesenchyme of knee
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing knee [Automatically generated definition].
knee mesenchyme
mesenchyme of lower jaw
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing lower jaw [Automatically generated definition].
lower jaw mesenchyme
mesenchyme of ventral mandibular arch
ventral mandibular arch mesenchyme
mesenchyme of pinna
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing pinna [Automatically generated definition].
auricle mesenchyme
auricle of ear mesenchyme
auricle of external ear mesenchyme
auricula (auris externa) mesenchyme
auricula mesenchyme
mesenchyme of auricle
mesenchyme of auricle of ear
mesenchyme of auricle of external ear
mesenchyme of auricula
mesenchyme of auricula (auris externa)
mesenchyme of pinna of ear
pinna mesenchyme
pinna of ear mesenchyme
mesenchyme of mammary gland
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing mammary gland.
lactiferous gland mesenchyme
lobe of breast mesenchyme
lobe of mammary gland mesenchyme
mammary gland mesenchyme
mammary mesenchyme
mesenchyme of lactiferous gland
mesenchyme of lobe of breast
mesenchyme of lobe of mammary gland
mesenchyme of forearm
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing lower arm [Automatically generated definition].
mesenchyme of footplate
Mesenchyme that is part of a footplate.
foot plate mesenchyme
submucosa of anal canal
A submucosa that is part of an anal canal [Automatically generated definition].
anal canal submucosa
anal canal viewed anatomically submucosa
anal region submucosa
anatomical anal canal submucosa
submucosa of anal canal viewed anatomically
submucosa of anal region
submucosa of anatomical anal canal
submucosa of rectum
The submucous layer of the wall of the rectum.
rectal submucosa
rectum submucosa
tela submucosa recti
submucosa of colon
A submucosa that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition].
colon submucosa
colonic submucosa
large bowel submucosa
submucosa of large bowel
submucosa of duodenum
A submucosa that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition].
doudenal submucosa
duodenal submucosa
duodenum submucosa
submucosa of jejunum
A submucosa that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition].
jejunal submucosa
jejunum submucosa
serosa of rectum
A serous membrane that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition].
rectal serosa
rectum serosa
rectum serous membrane
serous membrane of rectum
visceral peritoneum of rectum
serosa of colon
A serous membrane that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition].
colon serosa
colon serous membrane
colonic serosa
large bowel serosa
large bowel serous membrane
serosa of large bowel
serous membrane of colon
serous membrane of large bowel
visceral peritoneum of colon
serosa of duodenum
A serous membrane that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition].
doudenal serosa
duodenal serosa
duodenum serosa
duodenum serous membrane
serous membrane of duodenum
visceral peritoneum of duodenum
serosa of jejunum
A serous membrane that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition].
jejunal serosa
jejunum serosa
jejunum serous membrane
serous membrane of jejunum
visceral peritoneum of jejunum
ganglion of peripheral nervous system
A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO).
peripheral nervous system ganglion
ganglion of central nervous system
A ganglion that is part of a central nervous system [Automatically generated definition].
central nervous system ganglion
ganglion of neuraxis
neuraxis ganglion
mucosa of anal canal
A mucosa that is part of an anal canal [Automatically generated definition].
anal canal mucosa
anal canal mucosa of organ
anal canal mucous membrane
anal canal organ mucosa
anal canal viewed anatomically mucosa
anal canal viewed anatomically mucosa of organ
anal canal viewed anatomically mucous membrane
anal canal viewed anatomically organ mucosa
anal mucosa
anal mucous membrane
anal region mucosa
anal region mucosa of organ
anal region mucous membrane
anal region organ mucosa
anatomical anal canal mucosa
anatomical anal canal mucosa of organ
anatomical anal canal mucous membrane
anatomical anal canal organ mucosa
mucosa of anal canal viewed anatomically
mucosa of anal region
mucosa of anatomical anal canal
mucosa of organ of anal canal
mucosa of organ of anal canal viewed anatomically
mucosa of organ of anal region
mucosa of organ of anatomical anal canal
mucous membrane of anal canal
mucous membrane of anal canal viewed anatomically
mucous membrane of anal region
mucous membrane of anatomical anal canal
organ mucosa of anal canal
organ mucosa of anal canal viewed anatomically
organ mucosa of anal region
organ mucosa of anatomical anal canal
mucosa of oral region
A mucosa that is part of a oral opening [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of oral opening
mucosa of oral part of face
mucosa of organ of oral opening
mucosa of organ of oral part of face
mucosa of organ of oral region
mucosa of organ of subdivision of mouth
mucosa of subdivision of mouth
mucous membrane of oral opening
mucous membrane of oral part of face
mucous membrane of oral region
mucous membrane of subdivision of mouth
oral opening mucosa
oral opening mucosa of organ
oral opening mucous membrane
oral opening organ mucosa
oral part of face mucosa
oral part of face mucosa of organ
oral part of face mucous membrane
oral part of face organ mucosa
oral region mucosa
oral region mucosa of organ
oral region mucous membrane
oral region organ mucosa
organ mucosa of oral opening
organ mucosa of oral part of face
organ mucosa of oral region
organ mucosa of subdivision of mouth
subdivision of mouth mucosa
subdivision of mouth mucosa of organ
subdivision of mouth mucous membrane
subdivision of mouth organ mucosa
mucosa of rectum
A mucosa that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of rectum
mucous membrane of rectum
organ mucosa of rectum
rectal mucosa
rectal mucous membrane
rectum mucosa
rectum mucosa of organ
rectum mucous membrane
rectum organ mucosa
epithelium of mucosa
A layer of epithelial cells on the surface of the mucosa.
lamina epithelialis mucosa
lamina epithelialis mucosae
pharyngeal epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of pharynx
epithelium of pharynx
pharynx epithelial tissue
pharynx epithelium
epithelium of midgut
An epithelium that is part of a midgut.
epithelial tissue of midgut
midgut epithelial tissue
midgut epithelium
epithelium of hindgut
An epithelium that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of hindgut
hindgut epithelial tissue
hindgut epithelium
epithelium of rectum
An epithelium that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of rectum
rectal epithelium
rectum epithelial tissue
rectum epithelium
epithelium of tongue
An epithelium that is part of a tongue [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of tongue
lingual epithelium
tongue epithelial tissue
tongue epithelium
epithelium of vomeronasal organ
An epithelium that is part of a vomeronasal organ [Automatically generated definition].
Jacobson's organ epithelial tissue
Jacobson's organ epithelium
epithelial tissue of Jacobson's organ
epithelial tissue of vomeronasal organ
epithelium of Jacobson's organ
vomeronasal epithelium
vomeronasal organ epithelial tissue
vomeronasal organ epithelium
vomeronasal organ sensory epithelium
pelvic appendage bud ectoderm
An unilaminar epithelium that surrounds a pelvic appendage bud.
hindlimb bud ectoderm
hindlimb ectoderm
hindlimb ectoderm
leg ectoderm
lower limb bud ectoderm
pelvic fin bud ectoderm
pectoral appendage bud ectoderm
An unilaminar epithelium that surrounds a pectoral appendage bud.
arm ectoderm
forelimb bud ectoderm
forelimb ectoderm
pectoral fin bud ectoderm
upper limb bud ectoderm
wing ectoderm
ectoderm of footplate
An ectoderm that is part of a footplate.
chorionic ectoderm
A extraembryonic structure that develops_from a ectoderm and is part of a chorion.
chorion ectoderm
chorion epithelium
chorionic epithelium
cardiac muscle of right ventricle
A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right ventricle [Automatically generated definition].
cardiac muscle tissue of right ventricle
right ventricle cardiac muscle
right ventricular cardiac muscle tissue
cardiac muscle of left ventricle
A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left ventricle [Automatically generated definition].
cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle
left ventricle cardiac muscle
left ventricular cardiac muscle tissue
cardiac muscle tissue of interventricular septum
A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of an interventricular septum [Automatically generated definition].
cardiac muscle of interventricular septum
cardiac muscle tissue of interventricular septum
interventricular septum cardiac muscle
interventricular septum heart muscle
interventricular septum muscle
interventricular septum myocardium
skeletal muscle tissue of pharynx
A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition].
pharynx skeletal muscle
pharynx skeletal muscle tissue
skeletal muscle tissue of pharynx
smooth muscle of eye
any of the striated muscles that move the eye and include: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique, retractor bulbi
ocular smooth muscle
smooth muscle of trachea
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a trachea [Automatically generated definition].
trachea smooth muscle
tracheal smooth muscle
mesothelium of pericardial cavity
A mesothelium that is part of a pericardium [Automatically generated definition].
cavity of pericardial sac meso-epithelium
cavity of pericardial sac mesothelium
meso-epithelium of cavity of pericardial sac
meso-epithelium of pericardial cavity
mesothelium of cavity of pericardial sac
pericardial cavity meso-epithelium
pericardial cavity mesothelium
mesentery of urinary system
A mesentery that is part of a urinary system [Automatically generated definition].
excretory system mesentery
mesentery of excretory system
mesentery of renal system
mesentery of systema urinaria
renal system mesentery
systema urinaria mesentery
urinary system mesentery
mesentery of hindgut
A mesentery that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition].
hindgut mesentery
mesentery of rectum
A mesentery that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition].
rectum mesentery
mesentery of colon
A mesentery that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition].
colon mesentery
large bowel mesentery
large intestinal mesentery
mesentery of large bowel
mesentery of large intestine
mesentery of duodenum
A mesentery that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition].
duodenum mesentery
mesentery of jejunum
A mesentery that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition].
jejunal mesentery
jejunum mesentery
mesojejunum
skin of forearm
A zone of skin that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition].
forearm skin
lower arm skin
lower segment of arm skin
skin of antebrachial region
skin of lower arm
skin of lower segment of arm
skin of zeugopod of arm
cartilage of respiratory system
A cartilage element that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius cartilage
cartilage of apparatus respiratorius
respiratory system cartilage
gland of gut
A gland that is part of a digestive tract [Automatically generated definition].
digestive tract gland
gland of digestive tract
gland of lower gastrointestinal tract
gut gland
lower gastrointestinal tract gland
gland of tongue
Any of the mucous, serous, or mixed glands that empty their secretions onto the surface of the tongue.
lingual gland
tongue gland
pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a pelvic appendage bud.
hindlimb bud mesenchyme
leg mesenchyme
lower limb bud mesenchyme
mesoderm pelvic fin bud
pelvic fin bud mesenchyme
pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a pectoral appendage bud.
arm mesenchyme
forelimb bud mesenchyme
mesoderm pectoral fin bud
pectoral fin bud mesenchyme
upper limb bud mesenchyme
wing mesenchyme
mesenchyme of tongue
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing tongue [Automatically generated definition].
tongue mesenchyme
mesenchyme of vomeronasal organ
Jacobson's organ mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing vomeronasal organ [Automatically generated definition].
mesenchyme of Jacobson's organ
vomeronasal mesenchyme
vomeronasal organ mesenchyme
mesenchyme of umbilical cord
A gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate). It also contains some fibroblasts and macrophages. It is derived from Extra Embryonic Mesoderm[WP]
Wharton's jelly
umbilical cord mesenchyme
dermis adipose tissue
An adipose tissue that is part of a dermis [Automatically generated definition].
adipose tissue of dermis
dermis fat tissue
dermis fatty tissue
fat tissue of dermis
fatty tissue of dermis
abdomen nerve
A nerve that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition].
nerve of abdomen
neck nerve
A nerve that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition].
neck (volume) nerve
nerve of neck
nerve of neck (volume)
leg nerve
A nerve that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition].
nerve of leg
chest nerve
A nerve that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition].
anterior thoracic region nerve
anterolateral part of thorax nerve
front of thorax nerve
nerve of anterior thoracic region
nerve of anterolateral part of thorax
nerve of chest
nerve of front of thorax
arm nerve
A nerve that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition].
brachial region nerve
nerve of arm
nerve of brachial region
pedal digit nerve
A nerve that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition].
digit of foot nerve
digit of terminal segment of free lower limb nerve
digitus pedis nerve
foot digit nerve
foot digit nerve
hind limb digit nerve
nerve of digit of foot
nerve of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb
nerve of digitus pedis
nerve of foot digit
nerve of terminal segment of free lower limb digit
nerve of toe
terminal segment of free lower limb digit nerve
toe nerve
eyelid nerve
A nerve that innervates an eyelid.
blepharon nerve
nerve of blepharon
nerve of eyelid
palpebral nerve
iris nerve
Any nerve that innervates the iris.
ciliary nerve
nerve of iris
nerve of trunk region
A nerve that is part of the trunk region of the body (not to be confused with a nerve trunk).
nerve of torso
nerve of trunk
torso nerve
trunk nerve
limb nerve
A nerve that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition].
nerve of limb
forelimb nerve
A nerve that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition].
fore limb nerve
nerve of fore limb
nerve of forelimb
nerve of superior member
nerve of upper extremity
wing nerve
hindlimb nerve
A nerve that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
hind limb nerve
nerve of hind limb
nerve of hindlimb
nerve of inferior member
nerve of lower extremity
pelvis nerve
A nerve that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition].
nerve of pelvis
pes nerve
A nerve that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition].
foot nerve
nerve of foot
digit nerve of manus
A nerve that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition].
digit of hand nerve
digit of terminal segment of free upper limb nerve
digitus manus nerve
finger nerve
hand digit nerve
nerve of digit of hand
nerve of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb
nerve of digitus manus
nerve of finger
nerve of hand digit
nerve of terminal segment of free upper limb digit
terminal segment of free upper limb digit nerve
manus nerve
A nerve that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition].
hand nerve
nerve of hand
nerve of manus
large intestine Peyer's patch
A Peyer's patch that is part of a large intestine.
Peyer's patch of large intestine
large intestine Peyer's patch
solitary lymphatic follicle of large intestine
solitary lymphoid follicle of subdivision of large intestine
small intestine Peyer's patch
Peyer's patch
Peyer's patch of small bowel
Peyer's patch of small intestine
aggregated lymphoid follicle of small intestine
nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine.
noduli lymphoidei aggregati intestini tenuis
small bowel Peyer's patch
small intestine Peyer's patch
inner renal medulla loop of Henle
A loop of Henle that is part of a inner medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition].
kidney inner medulla loop of Henle
loop of Henle, inner medullary portion
respiratory system lymphatic vessel
A lymphatic vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius lymph vessel
apparatus respiratorius lymphatic vessel
lymph vessel of apparatus respiratorius
lymph vessel of respiratory system
lymphatic vessel of apparatus respiratorius
lymphatic vessel of respiratory system
respiratory system lymph vessel
head bone
A bone that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
adult head bone
adult head bone organ
bone of adult head
bone of head
bone organ of adult head
bone organ of head
craniofacial bone
head bone organ
neck bone
A bone that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition].
bone of neck
bone of neck (volume)
bone organ of neck
bone organ of neck (volume)
neck (volume) bone
neck (volume) bone organ
neck bone organ
chest bone
A bone that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition].
anterior thoracic region bone
anterior thoracic region bone organ
anterolateral part of thorax bone
anterolateral part of thorax bone organ
bone of anterior thoracic region
bone of anterolateral part of thorax
bone of chest
bone of front of thorax
bone organ of anterior thoracic region
bone organ of anterolateral part of thorax
bone organ of chest
bone organ of front of thorax
chest bone organ
front of thorax bone
front of thorax bone organ
arm bone
A bone that is part of the region of the forelimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia
arm bone organ
bone of arm
bone of upper extremity
bone organ of arm
facial bone
A bone that is part of a facial skeleton [Automatically generated definition].
bone of facial skeleton
bone of viscerocranium
facial bone
facial skeleton bone
viscerocranium bone
trunk bone
A bone that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition].
bone of torso
bone of trunk
bone organ of torso
bone organ of trunk
torso bone
torso bone organ
trunk bone organ
hindlimb bone
A bone that is part of a hindlimb region. Examples: any pes phalanx, femur. Counter-examples: ischium, pubis (they are part of the pelvic girdle)
bone of hind limb
bone of hindlimb
bone of inferior member
bone of lower extremity
bone organ of hind limb
bone organ of hindlimb
bone organ of lower extremity
hind limb bone
hind limb bone organ
hindlimb bone organ
forelimb zeugopod bone
A bone that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition].
antebrachial region bone
antebrachial region bone organ
arm zeugopod bone
arm zeugopod bone organ
lower arm bone
wing zeugopod bone
zeugopod bone, forelimb
zeugopod bone, upper
respiratory system artery
An artery that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
ureteric vein
A vein that is part of a ureter [Automatically generated definition].
ureter vein
vein of ureter
respiratory system venous blood vessel
A vein that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius vein
respiratory system vein
vein of apparatus respiratorius
vein of respiratory system
thymus lymphoid tissue
A portion of lymphoid tissue that is part of a thymus [Automatically generated definition].
lymphoid tissue of thymus
lymphoid tissue of thymus gland
thymus gland lymphoid tissue
eye sebaceous gland
A sebaceous gland that is part of a camera-type eye. Example: a tarsal gland.
camera-type eye sebaceous gland
sebaceous gland of camera-type eye
sebaceous gland of vertebrate eye
vertebrate eye sebaceous gland
vagina sebaceous gland
A sebaceous gland that is part of a vagina [Automatically generated definition].
sebaceous gland of vagina
skin sebaceous gland
A holocrine gland of the dermis that secretes sebum into hair follicles.
cutaneous sebaceous gland
sebaceous gland of skin
abdominal mammary gland
A lactiferous gland that is part of the abdominal region [Automatically generated definition].
abdomen lactiferous gland
abdomen lobe of breast
abdomen lobe of mammary gland
abdomen mammary gland
lactiferous gland of abdomen
lobe of breast of abdomen
lobe of mammary gland of abdomen
mammary gland of abdomen
respiratory system capillary endothelium
An endothelium of capillary that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius blood capillary endothelium
apparatus respiratorius capillary endothelium
apparatus respiratorius capillary vessel endothelium
apparatus respiratorius endothelium of blood capillary
apparatus respiratorius endothelium of capillary
apparatus respiratorius endothelium of capillary vessel
blood capillary endothelium of apparatus respiratorius
blood capillary endothelium of respiratory system
capillary endothelium of apparatus respiratorius
capillary endothelium of respiratory system
capillary vessel endothelium of apparatus respiratorius
capillary vessel endothelium of respiratory system
endothelium of blood capillary of apparatus respiratorius
endothelium of blood capillary of respiratory system
endothelium of capillary of apparatus respiratorius
endothelium of capillary of respiratory system
endothelium of capillary vessel of apparatus respiratorius
endothelium of capillary vessel of respiratory system
respiratory system blood capillary endothelium
respiratory system capillary vessel endothelium
respiratory system endothelium of blood capillary
respiratory system endothelium of capillary
respiratory system endothelium of capillary vessel
respiratory system venule
A venule that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius venule
venule of apparatus respiratorius
venule of respiratory system
respiratory system arteriole
An arteriole that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
head blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
adult head blood vessel
blood vessel of adult head
blood vessel of head
abdomen blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of abdomen
heart blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a heart [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of heart
cardiac blood vessel
brain blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of brain
corneal blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a cornea [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of cornea
cornea blood vessel
retina blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a retina [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of inner layer of eyeball
blood vessel of retina
blood vessel of tunica interna of eyeball
inner layer of eyeball blood vessel
retinal blood vessel
tunica interna of eyeball blood vessel
neck blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of neck
blood vessel of neck (volume)
neck (volume) blood vessel
leg blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of leg
respiratory system blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius blood vessel
blood vessel of apparatus respiratorius
blood vessel of respiratory system
trachea blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a trachea.
blood vessel of trachea
chest blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition].
anterior thoracic region blood vessel
anterolateral part of thorax blood vessel
blood vessel of anterior thoracic region
blood vessel of anterolateral part of thorax
blood vessel of chest
blood vessel of front of thorax
front of thorax blood vessel
arm blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of arm
pedal digit blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of digit of foot
blood vessel of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb
blood vessel of digitus pedis
blood vessel of foot digit
blood vessel of terminal segment of free lower limb digit
blood vessel of toe
digit of foot blood vessel
digit of terminal segment of free lower limb blood vessel
digitus pedis blood vessel
foot digit blood vessel
foot digit blood vessel
hind limb digit blood vessel
terminal segment of free lower limb digit blood vessel
toe blood vessel
arterial blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of the arterial system. Includes artery, arteriole and aorta.
eyelid blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition].
blepharon blood vessel
blood vessel of blepharon
blood vessel of eyelid
iris blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of iris
lung blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a lung [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of lung
pulmonary vascular element
trunk blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of torso
blood vessel of trunk
torso blood vessel
limb blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of limb
forelimb blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition].
anteriormost limb blood vessel
blood vessel of anteriormost limb
blood vessel of fore limb
blood vessel of forelimb
blood vessel of upper extremity
fore limb blood vessel
wing blood vessel
hindlimb blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of hind limb
blood vessel of hindlimb
blood vessel of lower extremity
hind limb blood vessel
kidney blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of kidney
renal blood vessel
thoracic cavity blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of cavity of chest
blood vessel of cavity of thorax
blood vessel of chest cavity
blood vessel of pectoral cavity
blood vessel of thoracic cavity
cavity of chest blood vessel
cavity of thorax blood vessel
chest cavity blood vessel
pectoral cavity blood vessel
pelvis blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of pelvis
pes blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of foot
foot blood vessel
manual digit blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb
blood vessel of terminal segment of free upper limb digit
digit of terminal segment of free upper limb blood vessel
finger blood vessel
hand digit blood vessel
hand digit blood vessel
terminal segment of free upper limb digit blood vessel
manus blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of hand
blood vessel of manus
hand blood vessel
respiratory system capillary
A capillary that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius blood capillary
apparatus respiratorius capillary
apparatus respiratorius capillary vessel
blood capillary of apparatus respiratorius
blood capillary of respiratory system
capillary of apparatus respiratorius
capillary of respiratory system
capillary vessel of apparatus respiratorius
capillary vessel of respiratory system
respiratory system blood capillary
respiratory system capillary vessel
kidney capillary
A capillary that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition].
blood capillary of kidney
capillary of kidney
capillary vessel of kidney
kidney blood capillary
kidney capillary vessel
renal capillary
brain gray matter
A gray matter that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition].
brain grey matter
brain grey substance
gray matter of brain
grey matter of brain
grey substance of brain
respiratory system lymphatic vessel endothelium
An lymphatic vessel endothelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius endothelium of lymph vessel
apparatus respiratorius lymph vessel endothelium
apparatus respiratorius lymphatic vessel endothelium
endothelium of lymph vessel of apparatus respiratorius
endothelium of lymph vessel of respiratory system
lymph vessel endothelium of apparatus respiratorius
lymph vessel endothelium of respiratory system
lymphatic vessel endothelium of apparatus respiratorius
lymphatic vessel endothelium of respiratory system
respiratory system endothelium of lymph vessel
respiratory system lymph vessel endothelium
respiratory system lymphatic vessel endothelium
pedal digit skin
A zone of skin that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition].
digit of foot skin
digit of terminal segment of free lower limb skin
digitus pedis skin
foot digit skin
foot digit skin
hind limb digit skin
skin of digit of foot
skin of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb
skin of digitus pedis
skin of foot digit
skin of terminal segment of free lower limb digit
skin of toe
terminal segment of free lower limb digit skin
toe skin
forelimb skin
A zone of skin that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition].
anteriormost limb skin
fore limb skin
skin of fore limb
skin of forelimb
skin of upper limb
upper limb skin
wing skin
hindlimb skin
A zone of skin that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
hind limb skin
lower limb skin
skin of hind limb
skin of hindlimb
skin of lower extremity
skin of lower limb
manual digit skin
A zone of skin that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition].
digit of hand skin
digit of terminal segment of free upper limb skin
digitus manus skin
finger skin
fore limb digit skin
hand digit skin
hand digit skin
skin of digit of hand
skin of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb
skin of digitus manus
skin of finger
skin of hand digit
skin of terminal segment of free upper limb digit
terminal segment of free upper limb digit skin
brain white matter
The regions of the brain that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites.
brain white matter of neuraxis
brain white substance
white matter of brain
white matter of neuraxis of brain
white substance of brain
distal convoluted tubule macula densa
A macula densa that is part of a distal convoluted tubule [Automatically generated definition].
brain meninx
A meninx that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition].
brain meninges
meninges of brain
meninx of brain
forebrain meninges
A meninx that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition].
forebrain meninx
meninges of forebrain
meninx of forebrain
forebrain dura mater
A dura mater that is part of a forebrain.
dura mater of forebrain
dura mater of neuraxis of forebrain
forebrain dura mater of neuraxis
midbrain dura mater
A dura mater that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition].
dura mater of midbrain
dura mater of neuraxis of midbrain
mesencephalon dura mater
midbrain dura mater of neuraxis
telencephalon dura mater
A dura mater that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
dura mater of neuraxis of telencephalon
dura mater of telencephalon
telencephalon dura mater of neuraxis
diencephalon dura mater
A dura mater that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
between brain dura mater
between brain dura mater of neuraxis
diencephalon dura mater of neuraxis
dura mater of between brain
dura mater of diencephalon
dura mater of interbrain
dura mater of mature diencephalon
dura mater of neuraxis of between brain
dura mater of neuraxis of diencephalon
dura mater of neuraxis of interbrain
dura mater of neuraxis of mature diencephalon
interbrain dura mater
interbrain dura mater of neuraxis
mature diencephalon dura mater
mature diencephalon dura mater of neuraxis
hindbrain dura mater
A dura mater that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition].
dura mater of hindbrain
dura mater of neuraxis of hindbrain
hindbrain dura mater of neuraxis
rhombencephalon dura mater
head connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
adult head connective tissue
adult head portion of connective tissue
adult head textus connectivus
connective tissue of adult head
connective tissue of head
head portion of connective tissue
head textus connectivus
portion of connective tissue of adult head
portion of connective tissue of head
textus connectivus of adult head
textus connectivus of head
abdomen connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition].
abdomen portion of connective tissue
abdomen textus connectivus
connective tissue of abdomen
portion of connective tissue of abdomen
textus connectivus of abdomen
neck connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of neck
connective tissue of neck (volume)
neck (volume) connective tissue
neck (volume) portion of connective tissue
neck (volume) textus connectivus
neck portion of connective tissue
neck textus connectivus
portion of connective tissue of neck
portion of connective tissue of neck (volume)
textus connectivus of neck
textus connectivus of neck (volume)
leg connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of leg
leg portion of connective tissue
leg textus connectivus
portion of connective tissue of leg
textus connectivus of leg
respiratory system connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius connective tissue
apparatus respiratorius portion of connective tissue
apparatus respiratorius textus connectivus
connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius
connective tissue of respiratory system
portion of connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius
portion of connective tissue of respiratory system
respiratory system portion of connective tissue
respiratory system textus connectivus
textus connectivus of apparatus respiratorius
textus connectivus of respiratory system
trachea connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a trachea.
connective tissue of trachea
connective tissue of windpipe
chest connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition].
anterior thoracic region connective tissue
anterior thoracic region portion of connective tissue
anterior thoracic region textus connectivus
anterolateral part of thorax connective tissue
anterolateral part of thorax portion of connective tissue
anterolateral part of thorax textus connectivus
chest portion of connective tissue
chest textus connectivus
connective tissue of anterior thoracic region
connective tissue of anterolateral part of thorax
connective tissue of chest
connective tissue of front of thorax
front of thorax connective tissue
front of thorax portion of connective tissue
front of thorax textus connectivus
portion of connective tissue of anterior thoracic region
portion of connective tissue of anterolateral part of thorax
portion of connective tissue of chest
portion of connective tissue of front of thorax
textus connectivus of anterior thoracic region
textus connectivus of anterolateral part of thorax
textus connectivus of chest
textus connectivus of front of thorax
arm connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition].
knee connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a knee [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of knee
knee portion of connective tissue
pedal digit connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of digit of foot
connective tissue of digitus pedis
connective tissue of foot digit
connective tissue of toe
digitus pedis textus connectivus
foot digit connective tissue
foot digit connective tissue
hind limb digit connective tissue
lower respiratory tract connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of lower respiratory tract
lower respiratory tract portion of connective tissue
lower respiratory tract textus connectivus
portion of connective tissue of lower respiratory tract
textus connectivus of lower respiratory tract
eyelid connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition].
blepharon connective tissue
connective tissue of blepharon
connective tissue of eyelid
nasopharynx connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a nasopharynx [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of nasal part of pharynx
connective tissue of nasopharynx
connective tissue of rhinopharynx
nasal part of pharynx connective tissue
nasal part of pharynx portion of connective tissue
nasal part of pharynx textus connectivus
nasopharynx portion of connective tissue
nasopharynx textus connectivus
portion of connective tissue of nasal part of pharynx
portion of connective tissue of nasopharynx
portion of connective tissue of rhinopharynx
rhinopharynx connective tissue
rhinopharynx portion of connective tissue
rhinopharynx textus connectivus
textus connectivus of nasal part of pharynx
textus connectivus of nasopharynx
textus connectivus of rhinopharynx
mammary gland connective tissue
The fibrous supportive tissue of the mammary gland.
connective tissue of lactiferous gland
connective tissue of lobe of breast
connective tissue of lobe of mammary gland
connective tissue of mammary gland
lactiferous gland connective tissue
lactiferous gland portion of connective tissue
lactiferous gland stroma
mammary gland stroma
mammary stroma
stroma of lactiferous gland
dermis connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a dermis [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of dermis
dermis portion of connective tissue
dermis textus connectivus
portion of connective tissue of dermis
textus connectivus of dermis
trunk connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of torso
connective tissue of trunk
portion of connective tissue of torso
portion of connective tissue of trunk
textus connectivus of torso
textus connectivus of trunk
torso connective tissue
torso portion of connective tissue
torso textus connectivus
trunk portion of connective tissue
trunk textus connectivus
limb connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of limb
limb portion of connective tissue
limb textus connectivus
portion of connective tissue of limb
textus connectivus of limb
forelimb connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of anteriormost limb
connective tissue of fore limb
connective tissue of forelimb
connective tissue of superior member
connective tissue of upper extremity
wing connective tissue
hindlimb connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of hind limb
connective tissue of hindlimb
connective tissue of inferior member
connective tissue of lower extremity
hind limb connective tissue
bronchus connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition].
bronchi connective tissue
bronchi portion of connective tissue
bronchi textus connectivus
bronchial connective tissue
bronchial mesenchyme
bronchial trunk connective tissue
bronchial trunk portion of connective tissue
bronchial trunk textus connectivus
bronchus portion of connective tissue
bronchus textus connectivus
connective tissue of bronchi
connective tissue of bronchial trunk
connective tissue of bronchus
portion of connective tissue of bronchi
portion of connective tissue of bronchial trunk
portion of connective tissue of bronchus
textus connectivus of bronchi
textus connectivus of bronchial trunk
textus connectivus of bronchus
pelvis connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of pelvis
pelvis portion of connective tissue
pelvis textus connectivus
portion of connective tissue of pelvis
textus connectivus of pelvis
pes connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of foot
connective tissue of terminal segment of free lower limb
foot connective tissue
textus connectivus of pes
manual digit connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of digit of hand
connective tissue of digitus manus
connective tissue of finger
connective tissue of hand digit
fore limb digit connective tissue
hand digit connective tissue
hand digit connective tissue
manus connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hand [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of hand
connective tissue of terminal segment of free upper limb
hand connective tissue
neck cartilage
A cartilage that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition].
cartilage of neck
cartilage of neck (volume)
neck (volume) cartilage
lower respiratory tract cartilage
A cartilage that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition].
cartilage of lower respiratory tract
trachea cartilage
cartilage of the trachea
cartilage of trachea
cartilage of windpipe
cartilagines tracheales
cartilaginous ring of trachea
cartilaginous trachea cartilage
cartilago trachealis
ring of the trachea
the ring-shaped cartilaginous structures that support the trachea
trachea ring
tracheal cartilage
tracheal ring
windpipe cartilage
eye skin gland
A skin gland that is part of a camera-type eye [Automatically generated definition].
camera-type eye skin gland
camera-type eye skin glands
camera-type eye skin glands set
skin gland of camera-type eye
skin gland of vertebrate eye
skin glands of camera-type eye
skin glands of vertebrate eye
skin glands set of camera-type eye
skin glands set of vertebrate eye
vertebrate eye skin gland
vertebrate eye skin glands
vertebrate eye skin glands set
limb long bone
A long bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition].
long bone of limb
forelimb long bone
A long bone that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition].
anteriormost limb long bone
fore limb long bone
long bone of anteriormost limb
long bone of fore limb
long bone of forelimb
long bone of superior member
long bone of upper extremity
superior member long bone
upper extremity long bone
wing long bone
hindlimb long bone
A long bone that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
hind limb long bone
inferior member long bone
long bone of hind limb
long bone of hindlimb
long bone of inferior member
long bone of lower extremity
lower extremity long bone
aorta elastic tissue
The dense connective tissue which contains predominantly elastic fibers and is found in the tunica media of the aorta wall.
adult aorta elastic connective tissue
adult aorta elastic tissue
adult aorta textus connectivus elasticus
aorta elastic connective tissue
aorta elastic lamina
aorta elastic laminae
aorta textus connectivus elasticus
dorsal aorta elastic connective tissue
dorsal aorta elastic tissue
dorsal aorta textus connectivus elasticus
elastic connective tissue of adult aorta
elastic connective tissue of aorta
elastic connective tissue of dorsal aorta
elastic connective tissue of trunk of aortic tree
elastic tissue of adult aorta
elastic tissue of aorta
elastic tissue of dorsal aorta
elastic tissue of trunk of aortic tree
textus connectivus elasticus of adult aorta
textus connectivus elasticus of aorta
textus connectivus elasticus of dorsal aorta
textus connectivus elasticus of trunk of aortic tree
trunk of aortic tree elastic connective tissue
trunk of aortic tree elastic tissue
trunk of aortic tree textus connectivus elasticus
heart elastic tissue
The type of heart connective tissue found in the endocardial layer that consists mainly of elastic fibers.
cardiac elastic tissue
elastic connective tissue of heart
elastic tissue of heart
heart elastic connective tissue
heart textus connectivus elasticus
textus connectivus elasticus of heart
respiratory system elastic tissue
An elastic tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius elastic connective tissue
apparatus respiratorius elastic tissue
apparatus respiratorius textus connectivus elasticus
elastic connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius
elastic connective tissue of respiratory system
elastic tissue of apparatus respiratorius
elastic tissue of respiratory system
respiratory system elastic connective tissue
respiratory system textus connectivus elasticus
textus connectivus elasticus of apparatus respiratorius
textus connectivus elasticus of respiratory system
cardiovascular system elastic tissue
An elastic tissue that is part of a circulatory system [Automatically generated definition].
cardiovascular system elastic connective tissue
cardiovascular system textus connectivus elasticus
circulatory system elastic connective tissue
circulatory system elastic tissue
circulatory system textus connectivus elasticus
elastic connective tissue of cardiovascular system
elastic connective tissue of circulatory system
elastic tissue of cardiovascular system
elastic tissue of circulatory system
textus connectivus elasticus of cardiovascular system
textus connectivus elasticus of circulatory system
blood vessel elastic tissue
Elastic tissue layer that lines a blood vessel layer.
blood vessel elastic connective tissue
blood vessel textus connectivus elasticus
elastic connective tissue of blood vessel
elastic lamina
elastic laminae
elastic tissue of blood vessel
textus connectivus elasticus of blood vessel
vascular elastic lamina
vascular elastic laminae
vascular elastic tissue
lung elastic tissue
Elastic tissue that is part of a lung [Automatically generated definition].
elastic connective tissue of lung
elastic tissue of lung
lung elastic connective tissue
lung textus connectivus elasticus
pulmonary elastic fiber
textus connectivus elasticus of lung
bronchus elastic tissue
An elastic tissue that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition].
bronchi elastic connective tissue
bronchi elastic tissue
bronchi textus connectivus elasticus
bronchial trunk elastic connective tissue
bronchial trunk elastic tissue
bronchial trunk textus connectivus elasticus
bronchus elastic connective tissue
bronchus textus connectivus elasticus
elastic connective tissue of bronchi
elastic connective tissue of bronchial trunk
elastic connective tissue of bronchus
elastic tissue of bronchi
elastic tissue of bronchial trunk
elastic tissue of bronchus
textus connectivus elasticus of bronchi
textus connectivus elasticus of bronchial trunk
textus connectivus elasticus of bronchus
trachea elastic tissue
An elastic tissue that is part of a trachea [Automatically generated definition].
cartilaginous trachea elastic connective tissue
cartilaginous trachea elastic tissue
cartilaginous trachea textus connectivus elasticus
elastic connective tissue of cartilaginous trachea
elastic connective tissue of vertebrate trachea
elastic connective tissue of windpipe
elastic tissue of cartilaginous trachea
elastic tissue of vertebrate trachea
elastic tissue of windpipe
textus connectivus elasticus of cartilaginous trachea
textus connectivus elasticus of vertebrate trachea
textus connectivus elasticus of windpipe
vertebrate trachea elastic connective tissue
vertebrate trachea elastic tissue
vertebrate trachea textus connectivus elasticus
windpipe elastic connective tissue
windpipe elastic tissue
windpipe textus connectivus elasticus
aorta tunica intima
The innermost layer of the aorta, containing the endothelium and an inner elastic membrane.
adult aorta tunica intima
dorsal aorta tunica intima
trunk of aortic tree tunica intima
tunica intima of adult aorta
tunica intima of aorta
tunica intima of dorsal aorta
tunica intima of trunk of aortic tree
respiratory system arterial blood vessel
An arterial blood vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
kidney arterial blood vessel
An arterial blood vessel that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition].
kidney arterial system
limb joint
Any joint that is part of a (free) limb.
joint of limb
joint of limb skeletal system
skeletal limb joint
pedal digit muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition].
digit of foot muscle organ
digit of terminal segment of free lower limb muscle organ
digitus pedis muscle organ
foot digit muscle
foot digit muscle
foot digit muscle organ
hind limb digit muscle
muscle organ of digit of foot
muscle organ of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb
muscle organ of digitus pedis
muscle organ of foot digit
muscle organ of terminal segment of free lower limb digit
muscle organ of toe
terminal segment of free lower limb digit muscle organ
toe muscle organ
limb muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition].
limb muscle organ
limb skeletal muscle
muscle organ of limb
forelimb muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a forelimb.
arm muscle system
fore limb muscle organ
forelimb muscle organ
free upper limb muscle
muscle of free upper limb
muscle of upper limb
musculature of arm
musculature of the arm
upper limb skeletal muscle
wing muscle
hindlimb muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
free lower limb muscle
hind limb muscle organ
hindlimb muscle organ
inferior member muscle organ
lower extremity muscle organ
lower limb skeletal muscle
muscle of free lower limb
muscle of posterior limb
muscle organ of hind limb
muscle organ of hindlimb
muscle organ of inferior member
muscle organ of lower extremity
manual digit muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition].
digit of hand muscle organ
digit of terminal segment of free upper limb muscle organ
digitus manus muscle organ
finger muscle organ
fore limb digit muscle
hand digit muscle
hand digit muscle
hand digit muscle organ
muscle organ of digit of hand
muscle organ of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb
muscle organ of digitus manus
muscle organ of finger
muscle organ of hand digit
muscle organ of terminal segment of free upper limb digit
terminal segment of free upper limb digit muscle organ
dentition
A collection of teeth arranged in some pattern in the mouth or other part of the body. The arrangement may be a simple row, a collection of rows, or a more elaborate structure, such as a toooth whorl.
collection of teeth
dentes
set of teeth
teeth
teeth
teeth set
cranial suture
Fibrous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages of the skull are connected by sutural ligaments (scant amount of collagenous dense connective tissue). Examples: sagittal suture, frontal suture.
cranium suture
sutura
suture
suture joint of skull
suture of cranium
omentum
A fold of peritoneum originating at the stomach and supporting the viscera.
abdominal wall
The tissues that surround the organs that are present within the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall tissue is composed of layers of fat, parietal peritoneum, fascia, and muscles.
abdominal wall proper
layers of the abdominal wall
paries abdominalis
paries abdominalis
wall of abdomen
wall of abdomen proper
extrahepatic bile duct
Passages external to the liver for the conveyance of bile. These include the common bile duct and the common hepatic duct.
bile duct extrahepatic part
extrahepatic biliary system
intrahepatic bile duct
Passages within the liver for the conveyance of bile. Includes right and left hepatic ducts even though these may join outside the liver to form the common hepatic duct.
bile duct intrahepatic part
intrahepatic biliary system
neural tissue
Portion of tissue in the nervous system which consists of neurons and glial cells, and may also contain parts of the vasculature.
nerve tissue
nervous tissue
portion of neural tissue
mouth mucosa
A mucous membrane that lines the mouth.
buccal mucosa
mouth mucosa
mouth mucous membrane
mouth organ mucosa
mucosa of mouth
mucosal lining of mouth
mucous membrane of mouth
oral mucosa
oral mucous membrane
oral part of viscerocranial mucosa
tunica mucosa oris
tunica mucosa oris
prostate bud
A region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium destined to become the prostate[GO].
prostate ductal progenitor
prostate gland bud
prostate primordium
prostatic bud
forelimb stylopod
The part of the forelimb between pectoral region and the elbow, corresponding to the humerus.
arm
brachial region
brachium
fore propodium
forelimb propodium
forelimb stylopodial element
forelimb stylopodium
proximal segment of free upper limb
regio brachialis
stylopod of arm
stylopod of forelimb
upper arm
wing stylopod
hindlimb zeugopod
The middle limb segment of the pelvic free limb, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the hindlimb zeugopodial skeleton, which includes as parts the tibia and fibula, or their cartilage precursors, or evolutionary variants.
calf
calf of leg
crus
crus of hindlimb
hind epipodium
hind limb middle limb segment
hind limb zeudopodium
hind limb zeugopod
hindlimb epipodium
hindlimb middle limb segment
hindlimb zeudopodium
hindlimb zeugopod
hindlimb zeugopodium
intermediate segment of free lower limb
leg
lower extremity middle limb segment
lower extremity zeugopod
lower leg
middle limb segment of hind limb
middle limb segment of hindlimb
posterior curral region
posterior leg region
posterior part of leg
posterior region of leg
regio cruris posterior
regio surae
shank
sura
sural region
zeugopod of hind limb
zeugopod of hindlimb
nerve of thoracic segment
A nerve that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
nerve of thorax
thoracic segment nerve
thorax nerve
upper body nerve
nerve of abdominal segment
A nerve that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition].
abdominal segment nerve
upper leg bone
A bone that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
femur
thoracic segment bone
A bone that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
bone of thorax
bone organ of thorax
thorax bone
thorax bone organ
upper body bone
abdominal segment bone
A bone that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition].
abdominal segment of trunk bone
abdominal segment of trunk bone organ
bone of abdominal segment of trunk
bone organ of abdominal segment of trunk
urethra muscle tissue
Any muscle tissue that is part of the urethra.
urethral muscle layer
thoracic segment muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
muscle organ of thorax
thorax muscle organ
upper body muscle
respiratory system muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius muscle organ
muscle organ of apparatus respiratorius
muscle organ of respiratory system
respiratory system muscle organ
esophagus muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition].
esophageal muscle
esophagus muscle organ
gullet muscle organ
muscle organ of esophagus
muscle organ of gullet
muscle organ of oesophagus
oesophagus muscle organ
abdominal segment muscle
A muscle organ that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition].
abdominal segment of trunk muscle organ
muscle organ of abdominal segment of trunk
thoracic segment blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of thorax
thorax blood vessel
upper body blood vessel
abdominal segment blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition].
abdominal segment of trunk blood vessel
blood vessel of abdominal segment of trunk
abdominal segment skin
A skin of body that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition].
abdominal segment of trunk skin
skin of abdominal segment of trunk
thoracic segment connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
connective tissue of thorax
portion of connective tissue of thorax
textus connectivus of thorax
thorax connective tissue
thorax portion of connective tissue
thorax textus connectivus
upper body connective tissue
abdominal segment connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition].
abdominal segment of trunk connective tissue
abdominal segment of trunk portion of connective tissue
abdominal segment of trunk textus connectivus
connective tissue of abdominal segment of trunk
portion of connective tissue of abdominal segment of trunk
textus connectivus of abdominal segment of trunk
forelimb joint
A limb joint that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition].
anteriormost limb joint of limb
anteriormost limb limb joint
fore limb joint of limb
fore limb limb joint
forelimb joint of limb
forelimb limb joint
joint of free upper limb
joint of limb of anteriormost limb
joint of limb of fore limb
joint of limb of forelimb
joint of limb of superior member
joint of limb of upper extremity
limb joint of anteriormost limb
limb joint of fore limb
limb joint of forelimb
limb joint of superior member
limb joint of upper extremity
superior member joint of limb
superior member limb joint
upper extremity joint of limb
upper extremity limb joint
wing joint
hindlimb joint
A limb joint that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
hind limb joint of limb
hind limb limb joint
hindlimb joint of limb
hindlimb limb joint
inferior member joint of limb
inferior member limb joint
joint of free lower limb
joint of limb of hind limb
joint of limb of hindlimb
joint of limb of inferior member
joint of limb of lower extremity
joint of lower limb
limb joint of hind limb
limb joint of hindlimb
limb joint of inferior member
limb joint of lower extremity
lower extremity joint of limb
lower extremity limb joint
autopod joint
A limb joint that is part of an autopod [Automatically generated definition].
autopod joint of limb
autopod limb joint
distal free limb segment joint of limb
distal free limb segment limb joint
joint of limb of autopod
joint of limb of distal free limb segment
limb joint of autopod
limb joint of distal free limb segment
paw joint
dental epithelium
Epithelium that is part of a developing tooth or dental organ.
dental epithelia
dental epithelium
odontogenic epithelium
reduced enamel epithelium
tooth epithelium
thymus epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a thymus, forming a supporting framework[MP,modified].
epithelial tissue of thymus
epithelial tissue of thymus gland
epithelium of thymus
epithelium of thymus gland
thymic epithelial tissue
thymic epithelium
thymus epithelial tissue
thymus gland epithelial tissue
thymus gland epithelium
mesencephalic neural crest
A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a midbrain.
mesencephalic neural crest
neural crest midbrain
rhombencephalon neural crest
A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a hindbrain.
neural crest hindbrain
rhombencephalic neural crest
rhombomere neural crest
spinal cord neural plate
A neural plate that develops_from a future spinal cord.
neural plate of spinal cord
gonad mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing gonad [Automatically generated definition].
gonada mesenchyme
mesenchyme of gonad
mesenchyme of gonada
odontogenic mesenchyme
Mesenchyme enclosed by a dental organ that gives rise to an odontogenic papilla.
dental mesenchyme
dental organ mesenchyme
enamel organ mesenchyme
tooth enamel organ mesenchyme
tooth mesenchyme
forelimb mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing forelimb [Automatically generated definition].
anteriormost limb mesenchyme
fore limb mesenchyme
mesenchyme of anteriormost limb
mesenchyme of fore limb
mesenchyme of forelimb
mesenchyme of superior member
mesenchyme of upper extremity
superior member mesenchyme
upper extremity mesenchyme
wing mesenchyme
hindlimb mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
hind limb mesenchyme
inferior member mesenchyme
lower extremity mesenchyme
mesenchyme of hind limb
mesenchyme of hindlimb
mesenchyme of inferior member
mesenchyme of lower extremity
presumptive ganglion
A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a ganglion.
mesometrium
A mesentery that is part of a uterus [Automatically generated definition].
mesentery of uterus
future coelemic cavity lumen
An anatomical cavity that has the potential to develop into a coelemic cavity lumen.
body cavity precursor
intraembryonic coelom
The part of the coelom in the embryo between the somatopleuric and splanchnopleuric mesoderm; the principal body cavities of the trunk (thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic) arise from this embryonic part of the coelom
somatic coelom
fallopian tube
Initial section of the oviduct through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus
fallopian tubes
female paramesonephric duct
mammalian oviduct
paramesonephric duct of female
salpinges
salpinx
tuba uterina
uterine tube (sensu Mammalia)
Mullerian duct
Muellerian duct
Müllerian duct
ductus paramesonephricus
early paramesonephric duct
paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin[WP]. develops either by lengthwise splitting of the archinephric duct (in chondrichthyans and some amphibians) or by a elongated invagination of the coelomic epithelium (other vertebrates) In males, the oviducts regress. The cranial end of the oviduct maintains an opening into the coelom (which primitively may have been the anteriormost coelomic funnels connecting the nephrocoel with the coelom). This opening is the ostium tubae[USM].
paramesonephric duct
stroma
Connective, non-functional supportive framework of a biological cell, tissue, or organ. Contrast with parenchyma.
stromal connective tissue
capsule
A cover or envelope partly or wholly surrounding a structure. Examples: egg shell, articular capsules, renal capsules[WP].
liver primordium
A small endodermal thickening in the foregut adjacent to the transverse septum. Invaginates forming the hepatic diverticulum.
embryological hepatic plate
hepatic plate
liver bud
liver endoderm
primordium of the liver
skeletal muscle tissue of trunk
A portion of skeletal muscle tissue in the trunk.
skeletal muscle of torso
skeletal muscle tissue of torso
skeletal muscle tissue of trunk
torso skeletal muscle
torso skeletal muscle tissue
trunk skeletal muscle
trunk skeletal muscle tissue
retinal neural layer
The part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells[GO].
neural layer of retina
neural retina
neural retinal epithelium
neuroretina
stratum nervosum (retina)
stratum nervosum retinae
sinusoid
endothelium of irregular blood filled space
sinusoidal blood vessel
sinusoidal blood vessel endothelium
sinusoidal capillary
sinusoidal endothelium
small blood vessel similar to a capillary but with a fenestrated endothelium. Sinusoids are found in the liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine organs, and hematopoietic organs such as the bone marrow and the spleen. Sinusoids found within terminal villi of the placenta are not comparable to these; they possess a continuous endothelium and complete basal lamina[WP].
splenic sinusoid
sinusoid of red pulp of spleen
sinusoidal blood vessel of spleen
wide vessels in the spleen that drain into trabecular veins[WP].
choroid plexus epithelium
The epithelial component of the choroid plexus. Consists of cuboidal epithelial cells surrounding a core of capillaries and loose connective tissue.
choroid plexus epithelial tissue
epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere
epithelial tissue of choroid plexus
epithelium of choroid plexus
tooth-like structure
hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food.
tooth-like organ
epithelial tube
Epithelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system.
epithelial or endothelial tube
endothelial tube
Any endothelium that has the quality of being cylindrical [Automatically generated definition].
kidney mesenchyme
Kidney mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the kidney[GO].
mesenchyme of kidney
venous blood vessel
A blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart
segment of venous tree organ
venous tree organ segment
pancreas primordium
embryonic structure that develops into pancreatic bud.
pancreatic anlage
pancreatic endoderm
pancreatic primordium
primordial pancreas
pancreatic epithelial bud
The embryonic pancreas develops from two separate anlagen in the foregut epithelium, one dorsal and two ventral pancreatic buds[PMID].
pancreas epithelium
pancreatic anlage
pancreatic bud
pancreatic buds
dorsal pancreatic bud
dorsal pancreas anlage
dorsal pancreatic anlage
pancreas dorsal primordium duct bud
pancreas primordium dorsal bud
pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct.
posterior pancreatic anlage
posterior pancreatic bud
primary pancreatic bud
ventral pancreatic bud
anterior pancreatic anlage
anterior pancreatic bud
pancreas primordium ventral bud
pancreas ventral primordium duct bud
pancreatic bud that gives rise to the major pancreatic duct.
ventral pancreas anlage
ventral pancreatic anlage
digestive system duct
A duct that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition].
duct of digestive system
duct of gastrointestinal system
gastrointestinal system duct
digestive tract epithelium
An epithelium that lines the lumen of the digestive tract.
alimentary tract epithelium
digestive tract epithelial tissue
epithelial tissue of digestive tract
epithelial tissue of gut
epithelium of digestive tract
epithelium of gut
gastrodermis
gut epithelial tissue
gut epithelium
diencephalic white matter
White matter that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
diencephalic tract/commissure
diencephalic tracts and commissures
predominantly white regional part of diencephalon
white matter of diencephalon
cartilage element of chondrocranium
A cartilage element of chondrocranium. Example: neurocranial trabecula.
cartilage of chondrocranium
cartilaginous element of chondrocranium
chondrocranium cartilage
neurocranium cartilage
cranial cartilage
A cartilage element that is part of the cranial skeleton.
cartilage of cranium
cranial cartilages
cranium cartilage
sex gland
Any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and are associated with reproduction.
genitalia gland
gland of genitalia
gland of reproductive system
reproductive gland
reproductive system gland
somatic sensory system
The sensory system for the sense of touch and pain.
somatic sensory system
somatosensory system
system for detection of somatic senses
placenta labyrinth
The placental layers where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood
labyrinthine layer
labyrinthine layer of placenta
placental labyrinth
brain ventricle/choroid plexus
The brain ventricles or their associated choroid plexuses
aqueous drainage system
The structures associated with drainage of the aqueous humor from the eye, that include the trabecular meshwork, Schlemm's canal, the uveoscleral network, and the aqueous veins
cutaneous elastic tissue
The slender connective tissue fiber in the extracellular matrix of skin tissue that is composed of microfibrils and amorphous elastin and is characterized by great elasticity
cutaneous elastic fiber
dermal elastic fiber
placental labyrinth vasculature
blood vessels of the layer of the placenta where embryonic and maternal blood vessels interdigitate
placental labyrinth vascular network
placental vasculature
vasculature of placenta labyrinth
internal female genitalia
The internal feminine genital organs, including the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, uterine cervix, and vagina.
female internal genitalia
internal female genital organ
internal genitalia of female reproductive system
organa genitalia feminina interna
valve
anatomical valve
conus arteriosus
A conical pouch formed from the upper and left angle of the right ventricle in the chordate heart, from which the pulmonary artery arises[WP]. the anteriosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle, beginning at the supraventricular crest and terminates in the pulmonary trunk[MP].
uterine tube infundibulum
The funnel-like expansion of the abdominal extremity of the uterine tube[MP]
infundibulum
infundibulum of fallopian tube
infundibulum of oviduct
infundibulum of uterine tube
infundibulum tubae uterinae
spinal cord motor column
The subclasses of motor neurons which are organized into longitudinally oriented columns that occupy distinct and, in some cases, discontinuous domains along the rostrocaudal axis of the spinal cord; motor neurons within a single column send their axons to a common peripheral target
olfactory bulb layer
.
cytoarchitectural part of olfactory bulb
dermatome
A transitional population of migrating mesenchymal cells that derive from somites and that will become dermal cells.
cutis plate
dermatomal mesenchyme
epimere mesoderm
mesenchyma dermatomiale
germinal neuroepithelium
The single layer of epithelial cells that lines the early neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells
germinal neuroepithelial layer
germinal neuroepithelium
original neural tube
spleen primary B follicle
The nodules of small undifferentiated B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells located in the spleen white pulp
primary spleen B cell follicle
spleen secondary B follicle
The nodules of antigen-activated, differentiating B cells, follicular dendritic cells, antigen-presenting T cells and macrophages in the spleen white pulp
secondary spleen B cell follicle
splenic secondary B cell follicle
semicircular canal ampulla
The spherical enlargement at the base of each semicircular canal where they connect with the utricle, containing the crista ampullaris which detects movement of the fluid within the canals
ampullae osseae
membraneous ampulla of the semicircular duct
semicircular duct ampulla
external male genitalia
The external masculine genital organs, including the penis and scrotum
external male genital organ
male external genitalia
organa genitalia masculina externa
internal male genitalia
The internal masculine genital organs, including the testes, epididymides, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, ejaculatory ducts, and bulbourethral glands
internal male genital organ
male internal genitalia
organa genitalia masculina interna
biliary ductule
One of the fine terminal elements of the bile duct system, leaving the portal canal, and pursuing a course at the periphery of a lobule of the liver[BTO]. the excretory ducts of the liver that connect the interlobular ductules to the right or left hepatic duct[MP]
bile capillary
bile ductule
biliary ductule
biliary ductule
cholangiole
ductuli biliferi
terminal cholangiole
spinal cord medial motor column
The subclasses of motor neurons which project their axons to axial muscles that lie close to the vertebral column; motor neurons in the lateral subdivision of the MMC project their axons to body wall muscles
neural tube ventricular layer
The layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen that is the immediate transformation of the germinal neuroepithelium
ependymal layer
neural tube ependymal layer
neural tube ependymal zone
neural tube ventricular germinal zone
neural tube ventricular zone
neural tube mantle layer
The layer of glia and differentiating neurons that forms as a second layer around the germinal neuroepithium; as this develops it comes to lie between the ventricular and marginal layers and includes the basal and alar plates. Develops into neurons and glia forming a gray matter layer.
future brain marginal layer
neural tube intermediate zone
frontonasal prominence
The unpaired embryonic prominence that is formed by the tissues surrounding the forebrain vesicle and develops into the forehead and bridge of the nose/snout.
embryonic frontonasal prominence
forebrain prominence
frontonasal mass
frontonasal process
prominentia frontonasalis
medial nasal prominence
The central area of the two limbs of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling that lie medial to the olfactory placode or pit in the future nasal region of the embryo; it joins with the ipsilateral maxillary prominence in the formation of half of the upper jaw, and the nasal tip and philtrum of the upper lip develop from it
medial nasal process
medial nasal swelling
medial-nasal process
nasomedial prominence
prominentia nasalis medialis
brain ventricle
brain ventricles
cerebral ventricle
one of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid
region of ventricular system of brain
orbital region
The subdivision of the face that includes the eye (eyeball plus adnexa such as eyelids) and the orbit of the skull and associated parts of the face such as the eyebrows, if present
content of orbital part of eye
eye region
ocular and peri-ocular region
ocular region
orbital content
orbital part of eye
orbital part of face
anatomical conduit
Any tube, opening or passage that connects two distinct anatomical spaces.
foramen
foramina
opening
ostia
ostium
pharyngeal pouch
An internal pocketing of pharyngeal endoderm that contacts a region of ectoderm (a pharyngeal cleft) and interdigitates in the anterior and posterior directions with the pharyngeal arches.
branchial pouch
pharyngeal pouches
visceral pouch
visceral pouches
vasculature of iris
A vasculature that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition].
iris blood vessels
iris vascular network
iris vasculature
vascular network of iris
endoderm-derived structure
An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the endoderm.
mesoderm-derived structure
An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the mesoderm.
mesodermal derivative
ectoderm-derived structure
An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the ectoderm.
ectodermal deriviative
genitourinary system
Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction.
GU tract
UG tract
Urogenitalsystem
genito-urinary system
genitourinary tract
urogenital system
urogenital tract
myocardial layer
Any of the layers of the myocardium. Example: compact layer, trabecular layer.
layer of myocardium
myocardium layer
optic vesicle
The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup[GO]. Portion of tissue that is comprised of neuroepitheium which has pinched off from the anterior neural keel and will form the optic cup[ZFA].
evagination
eye vesicle
ocular vesicle
optic vesicles
growth plate cartilage
cartilage that will provide a scaffold for mineralization of endochondral bones as they elongate or grow.
growth plate
cerebellar layer
A cortical cell layer of the cerebellum. Examples: the granular (inner+outer) layer, molecular layer, Purkinje cell layer, and the ventricular layer of the embryo.
cell layer of cerebellar cortex
gray matter layer of cerebellum
layer of cerebellar cortex
layer of cerebellum
proximal tubule
In mammals, the proximal tubule is a nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle. It has a brush border epithelial morphology[GO].
kidney proximal tubule
proximal kidney tubule
renal proximal tubule
distal tubule
The distal tubule is a nephron tubule that consists of the distal convoluted tubule and distal straight tubule segments
kidney distal tubule
renal distal tubule
intermediate tubule
The intermediate tubule is a nephron tubule that lies between the proximal and distal tubules
renal intermediate tubule
tubulus attenuatus
cardiogenic plate
The first recognizable structure derived from the heart field
cardiac crescent
cardiogenic crescent
heart rudiment
myocardial plate
primary heart field
A specific region of the lateral mesoderm that will form the primary beating heart tube. In mammals the primary heart field gives rise to the left ventricle.
FHF
PHF
first heart field
heart field
primary heart field
heart tube
An epithelial tube that will give rise to the mature heart.
embryonic heart tube
endocardial heart tube
endocardial tube
outflow tract septum
The outflow tract septum is a partition in the outflow tract
outflow tract
The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries
arterial (outflow) pole
cardiac outflow tract
heart outflow tract
His-Purkinje system
HPS
His-Purkinji network
The His-Purkinje system receives signals from the AV node and is composed of the fibers that regulate cardiac muscle contraction in the ventricles
cardiac chamber
A cardiac chamber surrounds an enclosed cavity within the heart
chamber of heart
heart chamber
proepicardium
An embryonic group of progenitor cells that forms from an outpouching of the septum transversum near the venous pole of the heart and gives rise to the epicardium
proepicardial cluster
proepicardial organ
septum transversum
A thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions. It gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm[VHOG].
transverse septum
branchiomeric muscle
A jaw muscle that arises from cranial mesenchyme and is innervated by cranial nerves.
branchial head muscle
branchiomeric skeletal muscle
internal genitalia
The internal genitalia are the internal sex organs such as the uterine tube, the uterus and the vagina in female mammals, and the testis, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and prostate in male mammals
internal genitalia
internal genitals
internal reproductive organ
internal sex organ
external genitalia
The external genitalia are the outer sex organs, such as the penis or vulva in mammals
external genitalia
external reproductive organ
external sex organ
hemopoietic organ
Organ that is part of the hematopoietic system.
haematological system organ
haemopoietic system organ
hematopoeitic or lymphoid organ
hematopoeitic organ
hematopoietic system organ
lymph organ
lymphoid organ
organ of haematological system
organ of haemopoietic system
organ of hematopoietic system
organ of organa haemopoietica
organa haemopoietica organ
aorta smooth muscle tissue
aorta non-striated muscle
aorta smooth muscle
aortic smooth muscle
the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue located in the wall of the aorta
prostate glandular acinus
A saclike structure of the prostate gland, comprised of at least three cell layers: an innermost layer of secretory columnar luminal epithelium, a middle layer of squamous basal epithelium that also contains neuroendocrine cells, transit amplifying cells, and stem cells, and an outer layer of smooth muscle intermixed with other stromal cells
prostatic acinus
prostatic follicle
mammary gland fat
The mammary fat is an adipose structure in the gland that is invaded by the mammary ducts
adipose tissue of lactiferous gland
adipose tissue of mammary gland
fat tissue of lactiferous gland
fat tissue of lobe of breast
fat tissue of lobe of mammary gland
fat tissue of mammary gland
fatty tissue of lactiferous gland
fatty tissue of lobe of breast
fatty tissue of lobe of mammary gland
fatty tissue of mammary gland
lactiferous gland adipose tissue
lactiferous gland fat tissue
lactiferous gland fatty tissue
lobe of breast adipose tissue
lobe of breast fat tissue
lobe of breast fatty tissue
lobe of mammary gland adipose tissue
lobe of mammary gland fat tissue
lobe of mammary gland fatty tissue
mammary gland adipose tissue
mammary gland fat tissue
mammary gland fatty tissue
mammary gland cord
The solid cord of epithelial cells that emerges from the mammary bud and grows down from the primary mammary mesenchyme and into a second stromal compartment, the fat pad precursor, beneath the dermis.
lactiferous gland cord
mammary cord
mammary sprout
placental labyrinth blood vessel
The embryonic vessels grow through the layer to come in close contact with the maternal blood supply
blood vessel of labyrinthine layer
blood vessel of labyrinthine layer of placenta
blood vessel of placenta labyrinth
labyrinthine layer blood vessel
labyrinthine layer of placenta blood vessel
placenta labyrinth blood vessel
prostate gland stroma
The prostate gland stroma is made up of the mesenchymal or fibroblast cells of the prostate gland
prostate stroma
prostatic stroma
stroma of glandular part of prostate
stroma of prostate
stroma of prostate gland
endodermal part of digestive tract
A portions of the gut that is derived from endoderm.
endodermal gut
gut endoderm
olfactory bulb mitral cell layer
OB mitral cell layer
The mitral cell layer is composed of pyramidal neurons whose cell bodies are located between the granule cell layer and the plexiform layer
mitral cell body layer
mitral cell layer
mitral cell layer of the olfactory bulb
olfactory bulb main mitral cell body layer
glomerular epithelium
The glomerular epithelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the outer surfaces of the glomerulus. The glomerular epithelium consists of both parietal and visceral epithelium. Metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros.
epithelium of glomerulus
epithelium of kidney glomerulus
epithelium of renal glomerulus
glomerular epithelial cell
kidney glomerular epithelium
glomerular endothelium
The glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus
endothelium of renal glomerulus
renal glomerulus endothelium
renal glomerulus vasculature
The glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the glomerulus
glomerulus vasculature
renal glomerulus vascular network
renal glomerulus vasculature
vascular network of renal glomerulus
vasculature of renal glomerulus
loop of Henle ascending limb thin segment
A sub-portion of the loop of Henle in the nephron of the kidney that is permeable to ions but not to water
ascending limb thin segment of loop of Henle
ascending thin limb
pars ascendens (tubulus attenuatus)
thin ascending limb
thin ascending limb of loop of Henle
comma-shaped body
CSB
The comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron
S-shaped body
SSB
The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron
stage II nephron
kidney pyramid
Kidney pyramids are the conical arrangements of tubules that constitute the renal medulla in a multi-lobed mammalian kidney; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts.
Malphigian pyramid
Malpighian pyramid
Malpighian pyramid
medullary pyramid
pyramid
pyramid of Malphigi
pyramid of Malpighi
pyramides renales
pyramis renalis
renal medullary region
renal pyramid
kidney outer medulla inner stripe
The inner stripe is a deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla and is traversed by thick and thin portions of nephron tubules
inner stripe
inner stripe of medulla of kidney
inner stripe of outer medulla
inner stripe of renal medulla
outer medulla inner stripe
stria interna medullae renalis
kidney outer medulla outer stripe
The outer stripe is the region of the kidney that lies distal to the line of termination of the straight renal tubules
outer medulla outer stripe
outer stripe
outer stripe of medulla of kidney
outer stripe of outer medulla
outer stripe of renal medulla
stria externa medullae renalis
cortical collecting duct
The cortical collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex
kidney cortex collecting duct
renal cortex collecting duct
outer medullary collecting duct
The outer medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal outer medulla
kidney outer medulla collecting duct
outer renal medulla collecting duct
inner medullary collecting duct
The inner medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal inner medulla
inner renal medulla collecting duct
kidney inner medulla collecting duct
papillary collecting duct
nephrogenic mesenchyme
Nephrogenic mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the nephron
mesenchyme of nephron
nephron mesenchyme
renal vesicle
The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells.
stage I nephron
nephron epithelium
The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron
epithelial tissue of nephron
epithelium of nephron
nephron epithelial tissue
glomerular capillary
blood capillary of renal glomerulus
capillary of renal glomerulus
capillary vessel of renal glomerulus
glomerular capillaries
glomerular capillary system
renal glomerulus blood capillary
renal glomerulus capillary
renal glomerulus capillary vessel
the small branching blood vessels in the kidney glomerulus that receives blood from the kidney afferent arterioles; these capillaries are under high pressure for filtering within the glomerulus
upper leg nerve
A nerve that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
hind limb stylopod nerve
hindlimb stylopod nerve
lower extremity stylopod nerve
thigh RELATED
back nerve
A nerve that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition].
nerve of back
lower arm nerve
A nerve that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition].
upper arm nerve
A nerve that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
lower leg nerve
A nerve that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition].
urethra smooth muscle layer
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition].
muscle layer of urethra
muscular coat of urethra
muscular layer of urethra
smooth muscle of urethra
smooth muscle tissue of urethra
tunica muscularis urethrae
urethra smooth muscle tissue
urethral smooth muscle
large intestine smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition].
involuntary muscle of large intestine
large intestine involuntary muscle
large intestine non-striated muscle
large intestine smooth muscle tissue
non-striated muscle of large intestine
smooth muscle of large intestine
smooth muscle tissue of large intestine
intestine smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a intestine [Automatically generated definition].
bowel involuntary muscle
bowel non-striated muscle
bowel smooth muscle
bowel smooth muscle tissue
intestinal muscularis
intestinal smooth muscle
intestine involuntary muscle
intestine non-striated muscle
intestine smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of bowel
involuntary muscle of intestine
non-striated muscle of bowel
non-striated muscle of intestine
smooth muscle of bowel
smooth muscle of intestine
smooth muscle tissue of bowel
smooth muscle tissue of intestine
stomach smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a stomach [Automatically generated definition].
gastric muscle
gastric smooth muscle
involuntary muscle of stomach
involuntary muscle of ventriculus
non-striated muscle of stomach
non-striated muscle of ventriculus
smooth muscle of stomach
smooth muscle of ventriculus
smooth muscle tissue of stomach
smooth muscle tissue of ventriculus
stomach involuntary muscle
stomach muscle
stomach non-striated muscle
stomach smooth muscle tissue
ventriculus involuntary muscle
ventriculus non-striated muscle
ventriculus smooth muscle
ventriculus smooth muscle tissue
vagina smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a vagina [Automatically generated definition].
involuntary muscle of vagina
non-striated muscle of vagina
smooth muscle of vagina
smooth muscle tissue of vagina
vagina involuntary muscle
vagina non-striated muscle
vagina smooth muscle
vagina smooth muscle tissue
vaginal smooth muscle
respiratory system smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
airway smooth muscle
airway smooth muscle cell
respiratory smooth muscle
smooth muscle of respiratory system
gastrointestinal system smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition].
smooth muscle tissue of gastrointestinal system
kidney pelvis smooth muscle
kidney pelvis smooth muscle
pelvic smooth muscle
renal pelvis smooth muscle
smooth muscle tissue of renal pelvis
the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the urothelium of the kidney pelvis
urinary bladder smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition].
bladder involuntary muscle
bladder non-striated muscle
bladder smooth muscle
bladder smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of bladder
involuntary muscle of urinary bladder
non-striated muscle of bladder
non-striated muscle of urinary bladder
smooth muscle layer of bladder
smooth muscle of bladder
smooth muscle of urinary bladder
smooth muscle tissue of bladder
smooth muscle tissue of urinary bladder
urinary bladder involuntary muscle
urinary bladder muscle
urinary bladder non-striated muscle
urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue
urinary bladder trigone smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition].
Lieutaud's trigone involuntary muscle
Lieutaud's trigone non-striated muscle
Lieutaud's trigone smooth muscle
Lieutaud's trigone smooth muscle tissue
deep trigone involuntary muscle
deep trigone non-striated muscle
deep trigone smooth muscle
deep trigone smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of Lieutaud's trigone
involuntary muscle of deep trigone
involuntary muscle of trigone of bladder
involuntary muscle of trigone of urinary bladder
involuntary muscle of urinary bladder trigone
involuntary muscle of vesical trigone
non-striated muscle of Lieutaud's trigone
non-striated muscle of deep trigone
non-striated muscle of trigone of bladder
non-striated muscle of trigone of urinary bladder
non-striated muscle of urinary bladder trigone
non-striated muscle of vesical trigone
smooth muscle of Lieutaud's trigone
smooth muscle of deep trigone
smooth muscle of trigone of bladder
smooth muscle of trigone of urinary bladder
smooth muscle of urinary bladder trigone
smooth muscle of vesical trigone
smooth muscle tissue of Lieutaud's trigone
smooth muscle tissue of deep trigone
smooth muscle tissue of trigone of bladder
smooth muscle tissue of trigone of urinary bladder
smooth muscle tissue of urinary bladder trigone
smooth muscle tissue of vesical trigone
trigone of bladder involuntary muscle
trigone of bladder non-striated muscle
trigone of bladder smooth muscle
trigone of bladder smooth muscle tissue
trigone of urinary bladder involuntary muscle
trigone of urinary bladder non-striated muscle
trigone of urinary bladder smooth muscle
trigone of urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue
urinary bladder trigone involuntary muscle
urinary bladder trigone muscle
urinary bladder trigone non-striated muscle
urinary bladder trigone smooth muscle tissue
vesical trigone involuntary muscle
vesical trigone non-striated muscle
vesical trigone smooth muscle
vesical trigone smooth muscle tissue
urinary bladder neck smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition].
bladder neck involuntary muscle
bladder neck non-striated muscle
bladder neck smooth muscle
bladder neck smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of bladder neck
involuntary muscle of neck of bladder
involuntary muscle of neck of urinary bladder
involuntary muscle of urinary bladder neck
involuntary muscle of vesical neck
neck of bladder involuntary muscle
neck of bladder non-striated muscle
neck of bladder smooth muscle
neck of bladder smooth muscle tissue
neck of urinary bladder involuntary muscle
neck of urinary bladder non-striated muscle
neck of urinary bladder smooth muscle
neck of urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue
non-striated muscle of bladder neck
non-striated muscle of neck of bladder
non-striated muscle of neck of urinary bladder
non-striated muscle of urinary bladder neck
non-striated muscle of vesical neck
smooth muscle of bladder neck
smooth muscle of neck of bladder
smooth muscle of neck of urinary bladder
smooth muscle of urinary bladder neck
smooth muscle of vesical neck
smooth muscle tissue of bladder neck
smooth muscle tissue of neck of bladder
smooth muscle tissue of neck of urinary bladder
smooth muscle tissue of urinary bladder neck
smooth muscle tissue of vesical neck
trigonal muscle
trigonal muscle of urinary bladder
urinary bladder neck involuntary muscle
urinary bladder neck muscle
urinary bladder neck non-striated muscle
urinary bladder neck smooth muscle tissue
vesical neck involuntary muscle
vesical neck non-striated muscle
vesical neck smooth muscle
vesical neck smooth muscle tissue
anal region smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an anal region [Automatically generated definition].
anal part of perineum involuntary muscle
anal part of perineum non-striated muscle
anal part of perineum smooth muscle
anal part of perineum smooth muscle tissue
anal region involuntary muscle
anal region non-striated muscle
anal region smooth muscle tissue
anal triangle involuntary muscle
anal triangle non-striated muscle
anal triangle smooth muscle
anal triangle smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of anal part of perineum
involuntary muscle of anal region
involuntary muscle of anal triangle
non-striated muscle of anal part of perineum
non-striated muscle of anal region
non-striated muscle of anal triangle
smooth muscle of anal part of perineum
smooth muscle of anal region
smooth muscle of anal triangle
smooth muscle tissue of anal part of perineum
smooth muscle tissue of anal region
smooth muscle tissue of anal triangle
lymphatic vessel smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a lymphatic vessel [Automatically generated definition].
involuntary muscle of lymph vessel
involuntary muscle of lymphatic vessel
lymph vessel involuntary muscle
lymph vessel non-striated muscle
lymph vessel smooth muscle
lymph vessel smooth muscle tissue
lymphatic vessel involuntary muscle
lymphatic vessel non-striated muscle
lymphatic vessel smooth muscle tissue
non-striated muscle of lymph vessel
non-striated muscle of lymphatic vessel
smooth muscle of lymph vessel
smooth muscle of lymphatic vessel
smooth muscle tissue of lymph vessel
smooth muscle tissue of lymphatic vessel
lower respiratory tract smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition].
involuntary muscle of lower respiratory tract
lower respiratory tract involuntary muscle
lower respiratory tract non-striated muscle
lower respiratory tract smooth muscle tissue
non-striated muscle of lower respiratory tract
smooth muscle of lower respiratory tract
smooth muscle tissue of lower respiratory tract
iris smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition].
involuntary muscle of iris
iridial smooth muscle
iris involuntary muscle
iris non-striated muscle
iris smooth muscle tissue
non-striated muscle of iris
smooth muscle of iris
smooth muscle tissue of iris
mammary gland smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a mammary gland [Automatically generated definition].
smooth muscle tissue of mammary gland
arteriole smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an arteriole [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel smooth muscle
blood vessel involuntary muscle
blood vessel non-striated muscle
blood vessel smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of blood vessel
non-striated muscle of blood vessel
smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels.
smooth muscle of blood vessel
smooth muscle tissue of blood vessel
vascular smooth muscle
vascular smooth muscle tissue
spleen smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a spleen [Automatically generated definition].
involuntary muscle of spleen
non-striated muscle of spleen
smooth muscle of spleen
smooth muscle tissue of spleen
spleen involuntary muscle
spleen non-striated muscle
spleen smooth muscle tissue
small intestine smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition].
involuntary muscle of small bowel
involuntary muscle of small intestine
non-striated muscle of small bowel
non-striated muscle of small intestine
small bowel involuntary muscle
small bowel non-striated muscle
small bowel smooth muscle
small bowel smooth muscle tissue
small intestine involuntary muscle
small intestine non-striated muscle
small intestine smooth muscle tissue
smooth muscle of small bowel
smooth muscle of small intestine
smooth muscle tissue of small bowel
smooth muscle tissue of small intestine
gall bladder smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition].
biliary smooth muscle
gall bladder involuntary muscle
gall bladder non-striated muscle
gall bladder smooth muscle tissue
gallbladder involuntary muscle
gallbladder non-striated muscle
gallbladder smooth muscle
gallbladder smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of gall bladder
involuntary muscle of gallbladder
non-striated muscle of gall bladder
non-striated muscle of gallbladder
smooth muscle of gall bladder
smooth muscle of gallbladder
smooth muscle tissue of gall bladder
smooth muscle tissue of gallbladder
bronchus smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition].
bronchi involuntary muscle
bronchi non-striated muscle
bronchi smooth muscle
bronchi smooth muscle tissue
bronchial smooth muscle
bronchial trunk involuntary muscle
bronchial trunk non-striated muscle
bronchial trunk smooth muscle
bronchial trunk smooth muscle tissue
bronchus involuntary muscle
bronchus non-striated muscle
bronchus smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of bronchi
involuntary muscle of bronchial trunk
involuntary muscle of bronchus
non-striated muscle of bronchi
non-striated muscle of bronchial trunk
non-striated muscle of bronchus
smooth muscle of bronchi
smooth muscle of bronchial trunk
smooth muscle of bronchus
smooth muscle tissue of bronchi
smooth muscle tissue of bronchial trunk
smooth muscle tissue of bronchus
prostate gland smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a prostate gland [Automatically generated definition].
involuntary muscle of prostate
involuntary muscle of prostate gland
muscular tissue of prostate
non-striated muscle of prostate
non-striated muscle of prostate gland
prostate gland involuntary muscle
prostate gland non-striated muscle
prostate gland smooth muscle tissue
prostate involuntary muscle
prostate non-striated muscle
prostate smooth muscle
prostate smooth muscle tissue
smooth muscle of prostate
smooth muscle of prostate gland
smooth muscle tissue of prostate
smooth muscle tissue of prostate gland
substantia muscularis prostatae
oviduct smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a fallopian tube [Automatically generated definition].
fallopian tube involuntary muscle
fallopian tube non-striated muscle
fallopian tube smooth muscle
fallopian tube smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of fallopian tube
non-striated muscle of fallopian tube
smooth muscle of fallopian tube
smooth muscle tissue of fallopian tube
outflow tract smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition].
involuntary muscle of outflow tract
non-striated muscle of outflow tract
outflow tract involuntary muscle
outflow tract non-striated muscle
outflow tract smooth muscle tissue
smooth muscle of outflow tract
smooth muscle tissue of outflow tract
bone of dorsum
A bone that is part of the dorsal region of an animal.
back bone
bone of back
dorsal region bone
pedal digit bone
A bone that is part of a hindlimb digit. Typically phalanges but may include sesamoids.
bone of digit of foot
digit of foot bone
digital bone of foot
digital bone of pes
digitus pedis bone
digitus pedis bone organ
foot digit bone
foot digit bone
foot digit bone organ
hind limb digit bone
toe bone
toe bone organ
manual digit bone
A bone that is part of a forelimb digit. Typically phalanges but may include sesamoids.
digital bone of hand
digital bone of manus
finger bone
fore limb digit bone
hand digit bone
hand digit bone
upper arm bone
A bone that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
humerus
hindlimb zeugopod bone
A bone that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition].
bone of hind limb middle limb segment
bone of hind limb zeugopod
bone of hindlimb middle limb segment
bone of hindlimb zeugopod
bone of inferior member middle limb segment
bone of inferior member zeugopod
bone of intermediate segment of free lower limb
bone of lower extremity middle limb segment
bone of lower extremity zeugopod
bone of lower leg
bone of middle limb segment of hind limb
bone of middle limb segment of hindlimb
bone of middle limb segment of inferior member
bone of middle limb segment of lower extremity
bone of zeugopod of hind limb
bone of zeugopod of hindlimb
bone of zeugopod of inferior member
bone of zeugopod of leg
bone of zeugopod of lower extremity
bone organ of hind limb middle limb segment
bone organ of hind limb zeugopod
bone organ of hindlimb middle limb segment
bone organ of hindlimb zeugopod
bone organ of inferior member middle limb segment
bone organ of inferior member zeugopod
bone organ of intermediate segment of free lower limb
bone organ of lower extremity middle limb segment
bone organ of lower extremity zeugopod
bone organ of lower leg
bone organ of middle limb segment of hind limb
bone organ of middle limb segment of hindlimb
bone organ of middle limb segment of inferior member
bone organ of middle limb segment of lower extremity
bone organ of zeugopod of hind limb
bone organ of zeugopod of hindlimb
bone organ of zeugopod of inferior member
bone organ of zeugopod of leg
bone organ of zeugopod of lower extremity
hind limb middle limb segment bone
hind limb middle limb segment bone organ
hind limb zeugopod bone
hind limb zeugopod bone organ
hindlimb middle limb segment bone
hindlimb middle limb segment bone organ
hindlimb zeugopod bone
hindlimb zeugopod bone organ
inferior member middle limb segment bone
inferior member middle limb segment bone organ
inferior member zeugopod bone
inferior member zeugopod bone organ
intermediate segment of free lower limb bone
intermediate segment of free lower limb bone organ
lower extremity middle limb segment bone
lower extremity middle limb segment bone organ
lower extremity zeugopod bone
lower extremity zeugopod bone organ
lower leg bone
middle limb segment of hind limb bone
middle limb segment of hind limb bone organ
middle limb segment of hindlimb bone
middle limb segment of hindlimb bone organ
middle limb segment of inferior member bone
middle limb segment of inferior member bone organ
middle limb segment of lower extremity bone
middle limb segment of lower extremity bone organ
zeugopod of hind limb bone
zeugopod of hind limb bone organ
zeugopod of hindlimb bone
zeugopod of hindlimb bone organ
zeugopod of inferior member bone
zeugopod of inferior member bone organ
zeugopod of leg bone
zeugopod of leg bone organ
zeugopod of lower extremity bone
zeugopod of lower extremity bone organ
hindlimb stylopod muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb stylopod (upper leg)[Automatically generated definition].
muscle of thigh
thigh muscle
upper leg muscle
skin muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a skin of body [Automatically generated definition].
integumental system muscle
muscle of integumental system
muscle organ of skin
skin muscle organ
forelimb zeugopod muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a forelimb zeugopod (lower arm)[Automatically generated definition].
forearm muscle
lower arm muscle
muscle of forearm
wing zeugopod muscle
forelimb stylopod muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a forelimb stylopod (upper arm)[Automatically generated definition].
muscle of arm
muscle of upper arm
skeletal muscle of upper arm
upper arm muscle
wing stylopod muscle
hindlimb zeugopod muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb zeugopod (lower leg) [Automatically generated definition].
calf muscle
lower leg muscle
muscle of leg
upper leg blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of stylopod of hind limb
blood vessel of stylopod of hindlimb
blood vessel of thigh
blood vessel of upper leg
hind limb stylopod blood vessel
hindlimb stylopod blood vessel
thigh blood vessel
back blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of back
lower arm blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition].
forelimb zeugopod blood vessel
upper arm blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
forelimb stylopod blood vessel
lower leg blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition].
hindlimb zeugopod blood vessel
upper leg skin
A zone of skin that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
hind limb stylopod skin
hindlimb stylopod skin
skin of thigh
skin of upper leg
thigh skin
upper arm skin
A zone of skin that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
arm stylopod skin
skin of arm stylopod
skin of upper arm
lower leg skin
A zone of skin that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition].
hind limb middle limb segment skin
hind limb zeugopod skin
outflow tract myocardium
A myocardium that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition].
cardiac muscle of outflow tract
heart muscle of outflow tract
heart myocardium of outflow tract
muscle of heart of outflow tract
myocardium of outflow tract
outflow tract cardiac muscle
outflow tract heart muscle
outflow tract heart myocardium
outflow tract muscle of heart
upper leg connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
back connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition].
mesenchyne of back
lower arm connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition].
upper arm connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
lower leg connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition].
outflow tract pericardium
A pericardium that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition].
pericardium of outflow tract
cartilaginous joint suture
A cranial suture that is part of a cartilaginous joint [Automatically generated definition].
articulatio cartilaginea cranial suture
articulatio cartilaginea cranial sutures
articulatio cartilaginea cranial sutures set
articulatio cartilaginea cranium suture
articulatio cartilaginea suture of cranium
cartilaginous joint cranial suture
cartilaginous joint cranial sutures
cartilaginous joint cranial sutures set
cartilaginous joint cranium suture
cartilaginous joint suture of cranium
cranial suture of articulatio cartilaginea
cranial suture of cartilaginous joint
cranial sutures of articulatio cartilaginea
cranial sutures of cartilaginous joint
cranial sutures set of articulatio cartilaginea
cranial sutures set of cartilaginous joint
cranium suture of articulatio cartilaginea
cranium suture of cartilaginous joint
suture of cranium of articulatio cartilaginea
suture of cranium of cartilaginous joint
lateral ventricle choroid plexus epithelium
A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition].
chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of lateral ventricle
chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of lateral ventricle
choroid plexus epithelial tissue of lateral ventricle
choroid plexus epithelium of lateral ventricle
epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle
epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of lateral ventricle
epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle
epithelium of choroid plexus of lateral ventricle
lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue
lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium
lateral ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue
lateral ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere
lateral ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus
lateral ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere
lateral ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus
fourth ventricle choroid plexus epithelium
A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition].
chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of fourth ventricle
chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of fourth ventricle
choroid plexus epithelial tissue of fourth ventricle
choroid plexus epithelium of fourth ventricle
epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle
epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of fourth ventricle
epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle
epithelium of choroid plexus of fourth ventricle
fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue
fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium
fourth ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue
fourth ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere
fourth ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus
fourth ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere
fourth ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus
eye muscle
A muscle that is part of the eye region.
skeleton
Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg., bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body.
set of all bones
set of bones of body
dermomyotome
The bilaminar epithelium formed from the myotome and dermatome.
dermamyotome
dermomyotomes
heart rudiment
A cone-like structure that is formed when myocardial progenitor cells of the heart field fuse at the midline. The heart rudiment is the first structure of the heart tube.
heart cone
rudimentary heart
glomerular capillary endothelium
An endothelium that is part of a glomerular capillary.
renal glomerulus capillary endothelium
sympathetic nerve trunk
A nerve trunk that is part of a sympathetic nervous system [Automatically generated definition].
nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system
nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system
sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk
respiratory system lymphatic vessel smooth muscle
A lymphatic vessel smooth muscle that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
smooth muscle of lymph vessel of respiratory system
respiratory system blood vessel smooth muscle
A blood vessel smooth muscle that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
smooth muscle tissue of blood vessel of respiratory system
allantois
A membranous sac that develops from the posterior part of the alimentary canal in the embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles, and it is important in the formation of the umbilical cord and placenta in mammals[VHOG].
allantoic bud
trophectoderm
outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition
limb bud
An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb. The limb bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP].
gemmae membrorum
limb buds
limbbud
optic eminence
The embryonic structure that gives rise to the corneal ectoderm
apical ectodermal ridge
AER
apical epidermal ridge
crista ectodermalis apicalis
multilayered ectodermal region at the distal tip of a limb or fin bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme[MP,modified]. Along with the zone of polarizing activity, it is a crucial organizing region during limb development[WP].
paired limb/fin bud
An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb or paired fin. The limb/fin bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP].
limb - fin bud
paired appendage bud
paired limb/fin bud
pharyngeal arch 1
1st arch
1st pharyngeal arch
1st visceral arch
The first of the series of pharyngeal arches that develop into jaw bones or their homologs, and their associated nerves and arteries
arcus pharyngeus primus
branchial arch 1
first branchial arch
first pharyngeal arch
first visceral arch
mandibular arch
visceral arch 1
pharyngeal arch artery
One of a series of paired embryological vascular structures formed within a pharyngeal arch; in the adult, some of these vessels give rise to the great vessels[MP]
PAA
a. arcuum pharyngeorum
aortic arch
aortic arch artery
aortic arches
arteriae arcuum pharyngeorum
branchial aortic arches
branchial aortic arches
branchial arch artery
embryonic aortic arch artery
pharyngeal arch arteries
pharyngeal arch artery
pharyngeal arch artery
anterior limiting lamina of cornea
A transparent homogeneous acellular layer, 6 to 9 um thick, lying between the basal lamina of the outer layer of stratified epithelium and the substantia propria of the cornea; it is considered to be a basement membrane.
Bowman's anterior elastic lamina
Bowman's layer
Bowman's membrane
Reichert's membrane
anterior elastic lamina
anterior limiting lamina
anterior limiting lamina of cornea
anterior limiting membrane
lamina limitans anterior (cornea)
lamina limitans anterior corneae
bone of free limb or fin
A bone that is part of an appendage [Automatically generated definition].
appendage bone
bone of appendage
bone of free segment of appendicular skeleton
proximal metaphysis
A metaphysis that is in the proximal side of a diaphysis.
proximal diaphyseal end of long bone
skeleton of limb
The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb.
free limb skeleton
limb skeleton
set of bones of limb
entire sense organ system
Sum of all sensory systems in an organism.
sense organ system
obsolete cavity lining
true
obsolete body cavity or lining
Either a cavity lining or the space it encloses.
true
musculature of head
Any collection of muscles that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
head musculature
muscle group of head
muscles of head
musculi capitis
set of muscles of head
musculature of hindlimb stylopod
Any collection of muscles that is part of a hindlimb stylopod (upper leg / thigh)[Automatically generated definition].
muscle group of thigh
musculature of thigh
set of muscles of thigh
thigh musculature
musculature of thorax
Any collection of muscles that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
muscle group of thorax
muscles of thorax
musculi thoracis
set of muscles of thorax
thoracic musculature
musculature of neck
Any collection of muscles that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition].
cervical muscles
muscle group of neck
muscles of neck
musculi cervicis
musculi colli
neck musculature
set of muscles of neck
musculature of leg
Any collection of muscles that is part of a lower leg or upper leg [Automatically generated definition].
leg muscle system
set of muscles of vertebral column
muscle group of vertebral column
musculature of back
Any collection of muscles that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition].
muscle group of back
muscles of back
musculi dorsi
set of muscles of back
musculature of pelvic girdle
Any collection of muscles that is part of a pelvic girdle [Automatically generated definition].
muscle group of pelvic girdle
muscle group of pelvis
muscular system of pelvis
pelvic girdle muscle system
pelvic girdle muscles
pelvic girdle musculature
set of muscles of pelvic girdle
set of muscles of pelvis
musculature of pectoral girdle
A subdivision of the musculature of the body in the pectoral girdle region. Includes pectoral and shoulder muscles.
muscle group of pectoral girdle
pectoral girdle muscles
pectoral girdle musculature
set of muscles of pectoral girdle
obsolete musculature of thorax
chest musculature
musculature of chest
set of muscles of chest
true
musculature of face
Any collection of muscles that is part of a face.
entire facial musculature
facial muscles
muscle group of face
musculi faciei
set of facial muscles
set of muscles of face
musculature of arm
Any collection of muscles that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition].
arm muscle system
arm musculature
muscle group of arm
set of muscles of arm
obsolete tongue musculature
muscle group of tongue
muscles of tongue
musculi linguae
set of muscles of tongue
true
musculature of trunk
Any collection of muscles that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition].
muscle group of trunk
muscular system of trunk
set of muscles of trunk
musculature of limb
Any collection of muscles that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition].
limb muscle system
limb musculature
muscle group of limb
set of muscles of limb
musculature of upper limb
Any collection of muscles that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition].
free upper limb musculature
muscle group of free upper limb
musculature of free upper limb
set of muscles of free upper limb
musculature of lower limb
Any collection of muscles that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
free lower limb musculature
muscle group of free lower limb
musculature of free lower limb
set of muscles of free lower limb
musculature of forelimb zeugopod
Any collection of muscles that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition].
muscle group of forearm
musculature of forearm
set of muscles of forearm
musculature of pes
Any collection of muscles that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition].
foot musculature
muscle group of foot
musculature of foot
set of muscles of foot
musculature of manus
Any collection of muscles that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition].
hand musculature
muscle group of hand
musculature of hand
set of muscles of hand
cardiac muscle tissue of atrium
A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of an atrium [Automatically generated definition].
atrial cardiac muscle tissue
atrial heart muscle
atrial myocardium
cardiac atrium muscle
cardiac muscle tissue of interatrial septum
A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a interatrial septum [Automatically generated definition].
interatrial septum cardiac muscle tissue
interatrial septum heart muscle
interatrial septum muscle
interatrial septum myocardium
cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac septum
A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a cardiac septum [Automatically generated definition].
cardiac septum cardiac muscle tissue
cardiac septum heart muscle
cardiac septum muscle
cardiac septum myocardium
cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium
A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a myocardium [Automatically generated definition].
smooth muscle tissue of bronchiole
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition].
smooth muscle tissue of lobular bronchiole
smooth muscle tissue of terminal bronchiole
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a terminal bronchiole [Automatically generated definition].
smooth muscle tissue of respiratory bronchiole
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Automatically generated definition].
striated muscle tissue of prostate
A portion of striated muscle tissue that is part of a prostate gland [Automatically generated definition].
vasculature of muscle organ
A vasculature that is part of a muscle organ [Automatically generated definition].
muscular organ vasculature
vasculature of musculoskeletal system
A vasculature that is part of a musculoskeletal system [Automatically generated definition].
anatomical projection
A projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body or organ.
anatomical process
anatomical protrusion
flange
flanges
lamella
lamellae
lamina
laminae
organ process
papilla
process
process of organ
processes
processus
projection
projection
projections
protrusion
ridge
ridges
shelf
shelves
spine
cardiovascular system
Anatomical system that has as its parts the heart and blood vessels.
CV system
Herz und Gefaesssystem
lymph vasculature
A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep.
lymph vessels
lymphatic trunks and ducts
lymphatic vasculature
lymphatic vessel network
lymphatic vessels set
set of lymphatic vessels
trunci et ductus lymphatici
blood vasculature
A vascular network consisting of blood vessels.
blood system
blood vascular network
blood vessel system
blood vessels
set of blood vessels
epididymis epithelium
epididymis epithelium
epithelium of epididymis
the layer of secretory cells which lines the epididymis
gastroesophageal sphincter
LES
cardiac sphincter
cardiac sphincter
constrictor cardiae
esophageal sphincter
esophageal sphincter%2c lower
esophageal-cardiac junction
esophagogastric junction
gastro-esophageal junction
gastro-esophageal sphincter
gastro-oesophageal junction
gastroesophageal junction
gastroesophageal sphincter
gastroesophageal sphincter
gastroesophageal sphincter muscle
inferior esophageal sphincter
lower esophageal sphincter
the thick circular layer of smooth gastric musculature encircling the gastroesophageal junction that functions to reduce backflow into the esophagus from the stomach
digital artery
An artery that is part of a digit [Automatically generated definition].
forelimb digital artery
A digital artery that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition].
digital artery of manus
forelimb digital arteries
wing digital artery
hindlimb digital artery
A digital artery that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
digital artery of foot
hindlimb digital arteries
systemic arterial system
The part of the arterial system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
systemic arterial circulatory system
arterial system
The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all arteries.
systemic artery
An artery of the systemic circulation, which is the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
systemic arterial subtree
systemic venous system
The part of the venous system that drains the general body tissues[Kardong]
systemic venous circulatory system
venous system
The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all venous vessels. In vertebrates with a double circulation, this can be divided into systemic and pulmonary portions.
vein system
sphincter muscle
A structure, usually a circular muscle, that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning.
circular muscle
sphincter
blood vessel endothelium
An endothelium that lines the blood vasculature. Other endothelia may line lymph vessels, the heart
renal afferent arteriole
afferent arteriole
afferent glomerular arteriole
afferent glomerular arteriole of kidney
arteriola glomerularis afferens
arteriola glomerularis afferens renis
kidney afferent arteriole
the blood vessels that branch from the kidney interlobular artery, convey blood to the glomerular capillaries, and play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure as a part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism
renal efferent arteriole
arteriola glomerularis efferens capsulae renalis
arteriola glomerularis efferens renis
efferent arteriole
efferent glomerular arteriole
efferent glomerular arteriole of kidney
kidney efferent arteriole
the blood vessels that convey blood from the glomerulocapillary network to the capillary bed of the proximal convoluted tubule
spleen capsule
Malpighian capsule
capsula splenica
capsule of spleen
fibroelastic coat of spleen
fibrous capsule of spleen
splenic capsule
the connective tissue that surrounds the spleen
tunica fibrosa (splen)(lien)
tunica fibrosa splenica
lateral ventricle ependyma
An ependyma that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition].
ependyma of lateral ventricle
fourth ventricle ependyma
4th ventricle ependyma
An ependyma that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition].
ependyma of fourth ventricle
urinary bladder urothelium
The epithelial lining of the luminal space of the urinary bladder.
bladder transitional cell epithelium
epithelium of bladder
transitional epithelium
transitional epithelium of urinary bladder
urinary bladder transitional epithelium
urothelium
urothelium of urinary bladder
liver lobule
hepatic lobule
lobules of liver
lobuli hepatici
lobuli hepatis
lobulus hepaticus
the polygonal structure of the liver that consists of hepatocytes radiating outward from a hepatic vein
tongue keratinized epithelium
A keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is part of a tongue.
keratinized epithelium of tongue
aorta wall
An anatomical wall that is part of an aorta, enclosing the luminal space.
aortic wall
wall of aorta
aorta tunica adventitia
the outermost layer of the aorta wall, containing connective tissue and collagen and elastic fibers
tunica adventitia of aorta
muscular coat of seminal vesicle
A muscular coat that is part of a seminal vesicle [Automatically generated definition].
muscle layer of seminal vesicle
muscular coat of seminal gland
muscular layer of seminal gland
tunica muscularis (vesicula seminalis)
tunica muscularis glandulae vesiculosae
interventricular septum membranous part
The membranous portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart
cardiac ventricular membranous septum
membranous interventricular septum
membranous interventricular septum
membranous part interventricular septum
membranous part of interventricular septum
membranous portion of interventricular septum
membranous septum
pars membranacea (septi interventricularis)
pars membranacea septi interventricularis
ventricle membranous septum
ventricular membranous septum
interventricular septum muscular part
The muscular portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart
cardiac ventricular muscular septum
muscular interventricular septum
muscular interventricular septum
muscular part interventricular septum
muscular part of interventricular septum
muscular septum
pars muscularis (septi interventricularis)
pars muscularis septi interventricularis
septum membranaceum
ventricular muscular septum
fourth ventricle aperture
One of: the 4th ventricle median or lateral apertures.
aperture of 4th ventricle
aperture of fourth ventricle
ependyma
The thin epithelium-like membrane composed of ependymal cells that lines the ventricular system of the brain and the spinal cord.
ependyma of neuraxis
ependymal epithelium
lamina epithelialis
vestibular system
The sensory system for the sense of balance.
equilibrioception system
vestibular organ system
vestibular system
vestibulomotor system
raphe nuclei
The raphe nuclei are thin plates of cells in and immediately adjacent to the sagittal plane.
nuclei raphes
nuclei raphes
raphe cluster
raphe nuclei
raphe nuclei set
raphe nucleus
raphe of mesenchephalon
set of raphe nuclei
external naris epithelium
An epithelium that is part of an external naris [Automatically generated definition].
Peyer's patch epithelium
peyer's patch epithelium
the specialized epithelium of the Peyer's patch
arterial system smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an arterial system [Automatically generated definition].
venous system smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a venous system [Automatically generated definition].
Peyer's patch germinal center
Area of the Peyer's patch where B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells
outflow tract endothelium
An endothelium that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition].
arterial system endothelium
An endothelium that is part of an arterial system [Automatically generated definition].
venous system endothelium
An endothelium that is part of a venous system [Automatically generated definition].
respiratory system blood vessel endothelium
A blood vessel endothelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
bulbus cordis
a transient fetal dilation of the distal (or cranial) heart tube located where the arterial trunk joins the ventral roots of the aortic arches
primitive right ventricle endocardium
paired limb/fin
An appendage that is part of a appendage girdle complex.
girdle-associated appendage
jointed paired lateral appendage
limb or fin
limb/fin
paired appendage
pectoral or pelvic appendage
pelvic/pectoral appendage
pelvic appendage
Paired appendage that consists of the posterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues.
hindlimb/pelvic fin
pelvic appendage
pelvic limb/fin
posterior appendage
posterior limb/fin
posterior paired appendage
pectoral appendage
Paired appendage that consists of the anterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pectoral girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues.
anterior appendage
anterior limb/fin
anterior paired appendage
forelimb - pectoral fin
forelimb or pectoral fin
forelimb/pectoral fin
pectoral limb/fin
annulus fibrosus disci intervertebralis
The ring of fibrocartilage and fibrous tissue forming the circumference of the intervertebral disc; surrounds the nucleus pulposus, which is prone to herniation when the annulus fibrosus is compromised.
annulus fibrosus
annulus fibrosus of intervertebral disc
anulus fibrosus (diskus intervertebralis)
anulus fibrosus of intervertebral disk
fibrous ring of intervertebral disc
conceptus
The embryo and its adnexa (appendages or adjunct parts) or associated membranes (i.e. the products of conception) The conceptus includes all structures that develop from the zygote, both embryonic and extraembryonic. It includes the embryo as well as the embryonic part of the placenta and its associated membranes - amnion, chorion (gestational sac), and yolk sac[WP].
embryo plus adnexa
kidney arcuate vein
Any of the veins that parallel the arcuate arteries, receive blood from the interlobular veins and straight venules, and terminate in the interlobar veins.
arciform vein of kidney
arcuate vein
arcuate vein of kidney
arcuate veins
renal arcuate vein
venae arcuatae renis
crista ampullaris
The crista ampullaris is the sensory organ of rotation located in the semicircular canal of the inner ear. The function of the crista ampullaris is to sense angular acceleration and deceleration.
ampullary crest
ampullary crest of semicircular duct
cristae ampullares
interlobular artery
The branches of the arcuate arteries of the kidney that radiate outward throught the renal columns and supply the glomeruli[MP]. The first set of renal bloodvessels, the interlobular arteries (or cortical radiate arteries, or cortical radial arteries), are given off at right angles from the side of the arcuate arteries looking toward the cortical substance, and pass directly outward between the medullary rays to reach the fibrous tunic, where they end in the capillary network of this part. These vessels do not anastomose with each other, but form what are called end-arteries. In their outward course they give off lateral branches; these are the afferent vessels for the renal corpuscles; they enter the capsule, and end in the glomerulus. From each tuft the corresponding efferent vessel arises, and, having made its egress from the capsule near to the point where the afferent vessel enters, breaks up into a number of branches, which form a dense plexus within Bowman's capsule.
arteriae corticales radiatae
arteriae interlobulares renis
cortical radial arteries
interlobular
interlobular renal artery
kidney interlobular artery
renal interlobular artery
vasa recta
In the blood supply of the kidney, the vasa recta renis (or straight arteries of kidney, or straight arterioles of kidney) form a series of straight capillaries in the medulla. They lie parallel to the loop of Henle. These vessels branch off the efferent arterioles of juxtamedullary nephrons (those nephrons closest to the medulla), enter the medulla, and surround the loop of Henle.
arteria recta
arteriae rectae
arteriolae rectae renis
arteriolae rectae renis
arteriolae recti
kidney vasa recta
renal medullary capillary
set of straight arterioles of kidney
straight arterioles of kidney
vasa recta of kidney
vasa recta renis
vasa rectae
neuromere
A transverse unitary subdivision of the neural tube that shares a common dorsoventral structure (floor, basal, alar, and roof plates), but each having differential molecular identities and fates; they comprise the secondary prosencephalon, diencephalon (prosomeres), the midbrain (mesomeres), and the hindbrain (rhombomeres).
neural metamere
neural segment
neural tube metameric segment
neural tube segment
neuromere
neuromeres
segmental subdivision of nervous system
Any segmental subdivision of a nervous system. Includes metameric developmental segments, such as vertebrates neuromeres.
neuromere
segmental subdivision of hindbrain
An organ subunit that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition].
hindbrain segment
segment of hindbrain
gastrula
Organism at the gastrula stage.
blastocystis trilaminaris
gastrula embryo
tri-laminar disc
tri-laminar disk
trilaminar blastocyst
trilaminar blastoderm
trilaminar disc
trilaminar disk
trilaminar germ
metanephric glomerulus
glomerulus of metanephros
glomerulus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros.
metanephric collecting duct
A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a metanephros [Automatically generated definition].
collecting duct of metanephros
metanephric collecting tubule
metanephric juxtaglomerular apparatus
juxtaglomerular apparatus of metanephros
juxtaglomerular apparatus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros.
pronephric glomerulus
The glomus forms from the splanchnic intermediate mesoderm and is the vascularized filtration unit, filtering the blood before it enters the tubules. The glomus is external to the nephron and extends over more than one body segment.
corpuscle
glomera
glomerulus of pronephros
glomus
pronephric glomera
pronephric glomeruli
pronephric glomus
skeletal tissue
A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO]
dermal skeletal element
dermal element
dermis-derived entity that is made of skeletal tissue.
gland of anal canal
A gland that is part of an anal canal [Automatically generated definition].
anal gland
anal sac
gland of anal canal
gland of anus
rectal gland
cartilaginous neurocranium
The primitive cartilagionous skeletal structure of the fetal skull that grows to envelop the rapidly growing embyonic brain. In humans, the chondrocranium begins forming at 28 days from mesenchymal condensations and is fully formed between week 7 and 9 of fetal development. While the majority of the chondrocranium is succeeded by the bony skull in most higher vertebrates, some components do persist into adulthood.[1] In Cartilagious fishes and Agnathans, the chondrocranium persist throughout life.[2] Embryologically, the chondrocranium represent the basal cranial structure, and lay the base for the formation of the endocranium in higher vertebrates[WP].
cartilaginous chondocranium
cartilaginous skull
cartiligionous skeletal structure of skull
chondocranium
embryonic chondocranium
neurocranium
skeletal element
Organ consisting of skeletal tissue. Encompasses whole bones, fused bones, cartilaginious elements, teeth, dermal denticles.
cranial bone
A bone that is part of a cranium.
cranium bone
bone of lower jaw
Any bone that is part of the lower jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the dentary/mandible, the articular, the splenial, the suprangular
lower jaw bone
diaphysis
Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between the two epiphyses, excluding the metaphyses[FMA,modified].
body of long bone
long bone diaphysis
shaft of long bone
articular system
Anatomical system that consists of all the joints of the body.
joint system
set of all joints
set of all joints of body
set of joints of body
posterior nasal aperture
Opening/conduit between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx[AAO] The choanae are separated by the vomer[WP].
choana
choanae
internal naris
nasopharyngeal naris
posterior choana
posterior naris
posterior nasal apperture
outer renal medulla vasa recta
A vasa recta that is part of a outer medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition].
kidney outer medulla vasa recta
kidney outer renal medulla vasa recta
outer medulla of kidney vasa recta
outer zone of medulla of kidney vasa recta
outer zone of renal medulla vasa recta
vasa recta of outer medulla of kidney
vasa recta of outer renal medulla
vasa recta of outer zone of medulla of kidney
vasa recta of outer zone of renal medulla
inner renal medulla vasa recta
A vasa recta that is part of a inner medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition].
inner medulla of kidney vasa recta
inner zone of medulla of kidney vasa recta
inner zone of renal medulla vasa recta
set of inner region of renal pyramids vasa recta
vasa recta of inner medulla of kidney
vasa recta of inner renal medulla
vasa recta of inner zone of medulla of kidney
vasa recta of inner zone of renal medulla
vasa recta of set of inner region of renal pyramids
respiratory system submucosa
A submucosa that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius submucosa
submucosa of apparatus respiratorius
submucosa of respiratory system
respiratory system lamina propria
A lamina propria that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius lamina propria
apparatus respiratorius lamina propria mucosa
lamina propria mucosa of apparatus respiratorius
lamina propria mucosa of respiratory system
lamina propria of apparatus respiratorius
lamina propria of respiratory system
respiratory system lamina propria mucosa
gastrointestinal system lamina propria
A lamina propria that is part of a gastrointestinal system.
gall bladder lamina propria
A lamina propria that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition].
biliary lamina propria
gall bladder lamina propria mucosa
gallbladder lamina propria
gallbladder lamina propria mucosa
lamina propria mucosa of gall bladder
lamina propria mucosa of gallbladder
lamina propria of gall bladder
lamina propria of gallbladder
gastrointestinal system serosa
A serous membrane that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition].
digestive system serosa
digestive system serous membrane
gastrointestinal system serous membrane
serosa of digestive system
serosa of gastrointestinal system
serous membrane of digestive system
serous membrane of gastrointestinal system
gall bladder serosa
A serous membrane that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition].
biliary serosa
gall bladder serous membrane
gallbladder serosa
gallbladder serous membrane
serosa of gall bladder
serosa of gallbladder
serous coat of gallbladder
serous membrane of gall bladder
serous membrane of gallbladder
tunica serosa (vesica biliaris)
tunica serosa vesicae biliaris
heart ventricle wall
An anatomical wall that is part of a cardiac ventricle [Automatically generated definition].
anatomical wall of cardiac ventricle
anatomical wall of heart ventricle
anatomical wall of lower chamber of heart
anatomical wall of ventricle of heart
cardiac ventricle anatomical wall
cardiac ventricle wall
heart ventricle anatomical wall
lower chamber of heart anatomical wall
lower chamber of heart wall
ventricle of heart anatomical wall
ventricle of heart wall
ventricular wall
wall of cardiac ventricle
wall of heart ventricle
wall of lower chamber of heart
wall of ventricle
wall of ventricle of heart
respiratory system mucosa
apparatus respiratorius mucosa
apparatus respiratorius mucosa of organ
apparatus respiratorius mucous membrane
laryngeal mucous membrane
mucosa of apparatus respiratorius
mucosa of organ of apparatus respiratorius
mucosa of organ of respiratory system
mucosa of respiratory system
mucous membrane of apparatus respiratorius
mucous membrane of respiratory system
respiratory mucosa
respiratory system mucosa of organ
respiratory system mucous membrane
respiratory tract mucosa
the mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract
gastrointestinal system mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a gastrointestinal system.
digestive tract mucosa
gut mucosa
gut mucuous membrane
mucosa of gut
urethra urothelium
An urothelium that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition].
urethra uroepithelium
uroepithelium of urethra
urothelium of urethra
kidney pelvis urothelium
kidney pelvis transitional epithelium
kidney pelvis uroepithelium
pelvic urothelium
pelvis of ureter uroepithelium
pelvis of ureter urothelium
renal pelvis transitional epithelium
renal pelvis uroepithelium
renal pelvis urothelium
the epithelial lining of the luminal space of the kidney pelvis
transitional epithelium of kidney pelvis
transitional epithelium of renal pelvis
uroepithelium of kidney pelvis
uroepithelium of pelvis of ureter
uroepithelium of renal pelvis
urothelium of kidney pelvis
urothelium of pelvis of ureter
urothelium of renal pelvis
skin mucous gland
A mucous gland that is part of the skin.
mucous gland of entire skin
mucous gland of skin of body
skin mucus gland
skin of body mucous gland
secretion of endocrine pancreas
A secretion that is part of a endocrine pancreas [Automatically generated definition].
endocrine pancreas secretion
pancreatic endocrine secretion
pars endocrina pancreatis secretion
secretion of pars endocrina pancreatis
secretion of exocrine pancreas
A secretion that is part of a exocrine pancreas [Automatically generated definition].
exocrine pancreas secretion
pancreatic exocrine secretion
pars exocrina pancreatis secretion
secretion of pars exocrina pancreatis
esophagus secretion
A secretion that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition].
esophageal secretion
gullet secretion
oesophagus secretion
secretion of esophagus
secretion of gullet
secretion of oesophagus
pancreas secretion
A secretion that is part of a pancreas [Automatically generated definition].
pancreatic secretion
secretion of pancreas
blood vessel layer
Any of the tissue layers that comprise a blood vessel. Examples: tunica media, tunica adventitia.
cervix epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a uterine cervix [Automatically generated definition].
cervical canal epithelial tissue
cervical canal epithelium
cervical epithelium
cervix epithelial tissue
epithelium of cervix
respiratory tract epithelium
airway epithelium
epithelial tissue of respiratory tract
epithelium of respiratory tract
respiratory epithelium
respiratory tract epithelial tissue
the pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines much of the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi
penis epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a penis [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of penis
epithelium of penis
penis epithelial tissue
oviduct epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a oviduct [Automatically generated definition].
columnar epithelium of the fallopian tube
columnar epithelium of the oviduct
epithelial tissue of oviduct
epithelium of fallopian tube
epithelium of oviduct
epithelium of uterine tube
fallopian tube epithelium
oviduct epithelial tissue
seminal vesicle epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a seminal vesicle [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of seminal gland
epithelial tissue of seminal vesicle
epithelium of seminal gland
epithelium of seminal vesicle
seminal gland epithelial tissue
seminal gland epithelium
seminal vesicle epithelial tissue
respiratory system epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius epithelial tissue
apparatus respiratorius epithelium
epithelial tissue of apparatus respiratorius
epithelial tissue of respiratory system
epithelium of apparatus respiratorius
epithelium of respiratory system
respiratory system epithelial tissue
gastrointestinal system epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition].
digestive system epithelial tissue
digestive system epithelium
epithelial tissue of digestive system
epithelial tissue of gastrointestinal system
epithelium of digestive system
epithelium of gastrointestinal system
gastrointestinal system epithelial tissue
salivary gland epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a salivary gland [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of salivary gland
epithelium of salivary gland
salivary gland epithelial tissue
nephron tubule epithelium
kidney tubule epithelium
the cellular avascular layer of the renal tubule luminar surfaces
endometrium epithelium
An epithelium that is part of an endometrium [Automatically generated definition].
endometrium epithelial tissue
epithelial tissue of endometrium
epithelium of endometrium
epithelium of tunica mucosa of endometrium
uterine epithelium
male prepuce epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a prepuce of penis [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of foreskin
epithelial tissue of penile prepuce
epithelial tissue of prepuce
epithelial tissue of prepuce of penis
epithelium of foreskin
epithelium of penile prepuce
epithelium of prepuce
epithelium of prepuce of penis
foreskin epithelial tissue
foreskin epithelium
penile prepuce epithelial tissue
penile prepuce epithelium
prepuce epithelial tissue
prepuce epithelium
prepuce of penis epithelial tissue
prepuce of penis epithelium
seminiferous tubule epithelium
epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule
epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule of testis
epithelium of seminiferous tubule
epithelium of seminiferous tubule of testis
germinal epithelium (male)
male germinal epithelium
seminiferous epithelium
seminiferous tubule epithelial tissue
testis germinal epithelium
the stratified epithelial lining of the seminiferous tubules, consisting of the developing spermatozoa and the supporting Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule
wall of seminiferous tubule
upper respiratory tract epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a upper respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of upper respiratory tract
epithelium of upper respiratory tract
upper respiratory tract epithelial tissue
lower respiratory tract epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of lower respiratory tract
epithelium of lower respiratory tract
lower respiratory tract epithelial tissue
lacrimal gland epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a lacrimal gland [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of lacrimal gland
epithelium of lacrimal gland
lacrimal gland epithelial tissue
kidney epithelium
epithelial tissue of kidney
epithelium of kidney
kidney epithelial tissue
renal epithelium
the cellular avascular layer of the kidney luminar surfaces
bile duct epithelium
Any epithelium that lines one of the bile ducts.
biliary duct epithelium
epithelium of bile duct
epithelium of biliary duct
pulmonary alveolus epithelium
The epithelial layer of the alveoli[MP]. The layer of cells covering the lining of the tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles[BTO].
alveolar epithelium
alveolus epithelial tissue
alveolus epithelium
epithelial tissue of alveolus
epithelium of alveolus
epithelium of pulmonary alveolus
pulmonary alveolar epithelium
pulmonary alveolus epithelium
extrahepatic bile duct epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a extrahepatic bile duct [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of extrahepatic bile duct
epithelium of extrahepatic bile duct
extrahepatic bile duct epithelial tissue
intrahepatic bile duct epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a intrahepatic bile duct [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of intrahepatic bile duct
epithelium of intrahepatic bile duct
intrahepatic bile duct epithelial tissue
thyroid gland medulla
A medulla that is part of a thyroid [Automatically generated definition].
medulla of thyroid
medulla of thyroid follicle
medulla of thyroid gland
medulla of thyroid gland follicle
thyroid follicle medulla
thyroid gland follicle medulla
thyroid medulla
urethra skeletal muscle tissue
A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition].
skeletal muscle of urethra
skeletal muscle tissue of urethra
urethra skeletal muscle
urethra skeletal muscle tissue
urethral skeletal muscle
respiratory system skeletal muscle
A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
respiratory system skeletal muscle tissue
skeletal muscle of apparatus respiratorius
skeletal muscle of respiratory system
skeletal muscle tissue of apparatus respiratorius
skeletal muscle tissue of respiratory system
esophagus skeletal muscle
A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition].
esophagus skeletal muscle tissue
skeletal muscle of esophagus
anal region skeletal muscle
A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of an anal region [Automatically generated definition].
anal part of perineum skeletal muscle
anal part of perineum skeletal muscle tissue
anal region skeletal muscle tissue
anal triangle skeletal muscle
anal triangle skeletal muscle tissue
skeletal muscle of anal part of perineum
skeletal muscle of anal region
skeletal muscle of anal triangle
skeletal muscle tissue of anal part of perineum
skeletal muscle tissue of anal region
skeletal muscle tissue of anal triangle
hepatic duct smooth muscle
Smooth muscle tissue in all or part of a hepatic duct.
epididymis smooth muscle
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a epididymis [Automatically generated definition].
epididymis involuntary muscle
epididymis non-striated muscle
epididymis smooth muscle tissue
involuntary muscle of epididymis
non-striated muscle of epididymis
smooth muscle of epididymis
smooth muscle tissue of epididymis
respiratory system arterial endothelium
An endothelium of artery that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius arterial endothelium
apparatus respiratorius artery endothelium
apparatus respiratorius endothelium of artery
arterial endothelium of apparatus respiratorius
arterial endothelium of respiratory system
artery endothelium of apparatus respiratorius
artery endothelium of respiratory system
endothelium of artery of apparatus respiratorius
endothelium of artery of respiratory system
respiratory system artery endothelium
respiratory system endothelium of artery
respiratory system venous endothelium
An endothelium of vein that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius endothelium of vein
apparatus respiratorius vein endothelium
apparatus respiratorius venous endothelium
endothelium of vein of apparatus respiratorius
endothelium of vein of respiratory system
respiratory system endothelium of vein
respiratory system vein endothelium
vein endothelium of apparatus respiratorius
vein endothelium of respiratory system
venous endothelium of apparatus respiratorius
venous endothelium of respiratory system
lymph node endothelium
An endothelium that is part of a lymph node [Automatically generated definition].
endothelium of lymph node
aorta endothelium
adult aorta endothelium
aortic endothelium
endothelium of adult aorta
endothelium of aorta
endothelium of trunk of aortic tree
endothelium of trunk of systemic arterial tree
the thin layer of flat cells that line the aorta and form a barrier between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall
trunk of aortic tree endothelium
trunk of systemic arterial tree endothelium
cardiovascular system endothelium
An endothelium that is part of the cardiovascular system.
endothelia
vascular endothelia
gastrointestinal system mesentery
A mesentery that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition].
digestive system mesentery
mesentery of digestive system
mesentery of gastrointestinal system
eye gland
A gland that is part of a eye. The eye is a compound unit which depending on the species may consist of an eyeballs plus associated ducts and integumentary structures. Eye glands therefore include the various types of lacrimal gland, the various types of apocrine and sebaceous glands associated with the eyelid.
eye-associated gland
gland of eye
thoracic sympathetic nerve trunk
A sympathetic nerve trunk that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system of thorax
nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system of thorax
sympathetic nerve trunk of thorax
sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk of thorax
thoracic part of sympathetic trunk
thoracic sympathetic chain
thoracic sympathetic trunk
thorax nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system
thorax nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system
thorax sympathetic nerve trunk
thorax sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk
vasculature of retina
A vasculature that is part of a retina [Automatically generated definition].
retina vasculature
retina vasculature of camera-type eye
retinal blood vessels
retinal blood vessels set
retinal vasculature
set of blood vessels of retina
set of retinal blood vessels
vasa sanguinea retinae
somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the future body wall - underlies the ectoderm[WP].
outer layer of lateral plate mesoderm
parietal mesoderm
somatic mesoderm
splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the circulatory system and future gut wall - overlies endoderm[WP].
inner layer of lateral plate mesoderm
splanchnic mesoderm
visceral mesoderm
splanchnopleure
A structure created during embryogenesis when the lateral mesoderm splits into two layers - the inner (or splanchnic) layer adheres to the endoderm, and with it forms the splanchnopleure[WP].
ventral splanchnic mesoderm
somatopleure
A structure created during embryogenesis when the lateral mesoderm splits into two layers - the outer (or somatic) layer becomes applied to the inner surface of the ectoderm, and with it forms the somatopleure.[WP].
nephrogenic cord
A portion of the urogenital ridge which is the source of much of the urinary system[WP].
chorda nephrogenica
urogenital fold
One of of the pair of folds derived from the cloacal folds which give rise to a portion of the external genitalia; in male embryos they close over the urethral plate and fuse to form the spongy (penile) urethra and ventral aspect of the penis, not including the glans; failure of fusion of the urethral folds leads to hypospadias; in female embryos they fuse only anterior to the anus and form the labia minora[MP].
urethral fold
urogenital fold
urogenital ridge
chordamesoderm
The central region of trunk mesoderm. This tissue forms the notochord
axial chorda mesoderm
chorda mesoderm
dorsal mesoderm
presumptive notochord
lung mesenchyme
The mass of tissue made up of mesenchymal cells in the lung.
lung-associated mesenchyme
mesenchyme of lung
pulmonary mesenchyme
alveolar wall
A wall that contains the alveoli
alveolus wall
pulmonary alveolar wall
pulmonary interalveolar septum
wall of pulmonary alveolus
alveolar smooth muscle
Alveolar smooth muscle is a type of non-striated muscle, found within the walls of the alveolus
urogenital sinus epithelium
The fetal urogenital sinus (from which the prostate derives) is a simple cylinder of stratified basal epithelium, surrounded by mesenchyme and positioned between the embryonic bladder and pelvic urethra
UGE
epithelium of urogenital sinus
articulation
Anatomical cluster that connects two or more adjacent skeletal elements or hardened body parts.
joint
ectodermal part of digestive tract
A portion of the gut that is derived from ectoderm.
ectodermal gut
gut ectoderm
lower digestive tract
The region of the digestive tract extending from the beginning of the intestines to the anus[GO - gut definition].
gut
lower GI tract
lower gastrointestinal tract
upper digestive tract
The region of the digestive tract extending from the mouth cavity through pharynx esophagus stomach and duodenum.
upper GI tract
upper gastrointestinal tract
epithelium of gonad
An epithelium surrounding a gonad.
gonad epithelium
gonadal epithelium
gonadal sheath
epithelium of male gonad
An epithelium surrounding a testis.
testis epithelium
testis sheath
epithelium of female gonad
An epithelium surrounding an ovary.
ovarian epithelium
ovarian sheath
ovary epithelium
biliary bud
hepatic diverticulum
anal sphincter
A sphincter muscle that is part of a anal region.
anal region sphincter
sphincter analia
urethral sphincter
A sphincter muscle surrounding the urethra.
sphincter muscle of urethra
sphincter of urethra
sphincter urethrae
urethral sphincter muscle
subdivision of digestive tract
A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract.
alimentary system subdivision
intestinal tract
segment of intestinal tract
subdivision of alimentary system
organ component layer
A part of a wall of an organ that forms a layer.
submucosa of pharynx
The tissue underlying the tunica mucosa of the pharynx.
pharyngeal submucosa
pharyngobasilar fascia
pharynx submucosa
submucous coat of pharynx
submucous layer of pharynx
tela submucosa pharyngea
tela submucosa pharyngis
submucosa of cystic duct
A submucosa that is part of a cystic duct [Automatically generated definition].
cystic duct submucosa
cystic ductal submucosa
submucosa of cecum
A submucosa that is part of a cecum [Automatically generated definition].
caecum submucosa
cecum submucosa
intestinum crassum caecum submucosa
submucosa of caecum
submucosa of intestinum crassum caecum
submucosa of appendix
A submucosa that is part of an appendix [Automatically generated definition].
appendiceal submucosa
appendix submucosa
caecal appendix submucosa
submucosa of caecal appendix
submucosa of vermiform appendix
submucosa of vermix
vermiform appendix submucosa
vermix submucosa
submucosa of ascending colon
A submucosa that is part of an ascending colon [Automatically generated definition].
ascending colon submucosa
submucosa of transverse colon
A submucosa that is part of a transverse colon [Automatically generated definition].
transverse colon submucosa
submucosa of descending colon
A submucosa that is part of a descending colon [Automatically generated definition].
descending colon submucosa
submucosa of sigmoid colon
A submucosa that is part of a sigmoid colon [Automatically generated definition].
sigmoid colon submucosa
submucosa of fundus of stomach
A submucosa that is part of a fundus of stomach [Automatically generated definition].
fundus gastricus (ventricularis) submucosa
fundus of stomach submucosa
stomach fundus submucosa
submucosa of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)
submucosa of stomach fundus
submucosa of cardia of stomach
A submucosa that is part of a cardia of stomach [Automatically generated definition].
cardia of stomach submucosa
cardial part of stomach submucosa
gastric cardia submucosa
pars cardiaca (gaster) submucosa
stomach cardiac region submucosa
submucosa of cardial part of stomach
submucosa of gastric cardia
submucosa of pars cardiaca (gaster)
submucosa of stomach cardiac region
submucosa of pyloric antrum
A submucosa that is part of a pyloric antrum [Automatically generated definition].
antrum of stomach submucosa
pyloric antrum submucosa
stomach pyloric antrum submucosa
submucosa of antrum of stomach
submucosa of stomach pyloric antrum
submucosa of pylorus
A submucosa that is part of a pylorus [Automatically generated definition].
pyloric part of stomach submucosa
pyloric submucosa
pylorus submucosa
stomach pyloric region submucosa
submucosa of pyloric part of stomach
submucosa of stomach pyloric region
submucosa of biliary tree
A submucosa that is part of a biliary tree [Automatically generated definition].
biliary tract submucosa
biliary tree submucosa
submucosa of biliary tract
submucosa of common bile duct
A submucosa that is part of a common bile duct [Automatically generated definition].
common bile duct submucosa
common bile ductal submucosa
ductus choledochus (biliaris) submucosa
submucosa of ductus choledochus (biliaris)
submucosa of urinary bladder
The submucous layer of the wall of the urinary bladder.
bladder submucosa
submucosa of bladder
submucous layer of urinary bladder
tela submucosa (vesica urinaria)
tela submucosa vesicae
tela submucosa vesicae urinariae
urinary bladder submucosa
submucosa of trigone of urinary bladder
A submucosa that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition].
Lieutaud ' s trigone submucosa
deep trigone submucosa
submucosa of Lieutaud ' s trigone
submucosa of deep trigone
submucosa of trigone of bladder
submucosa of urinary bladder trigone
submucosa of vesical trigone
trigone of bladder submucosa
trigone of urinary bladder submucosa
urinary bladder trigone submucosa
vesical trigone submucosa
submucosa of neck of urinary bladder
A submucosa that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition].
bladder neck submucosa
neck of bladder submucosa
neck of urinary bladder submucosa
submucosa of bladder neck
submucosa of neck of bladder
submucosa of urinary bladder neck
submucosa of vesical neck
urinary bladder neck submucosa
vesical neck submucosa
submucosa of ileum
A submucosa that is part of a ileum [Automatically generated definition].
ileal submucosa
ileum submucosa
submucosa of bronchiole
A submucosa that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition].
bronchiole submucosa
lobular bronchiole submucosa
submucosa of lobular bronchiole
mucosa of ureter
A mucosa that is part of a ureter [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of ureter
mucosal layer of ureter
mucous membrane of ureter
organ mucosa of ureter
tunica mucosa (ureter)
tunica mucosa ureteris
ureter mucosa
ureter mucosa of organ
ureter mucous membrane
ureter organ mucosa
ureteral mucosa
ureteric mucosa
mucosa of vagina
A mucosa that is part of a vagina [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of vagina
mucous membrane of vagina
organ mucosa of vagina
tunica mucosa vaginae
vagina mucosa
vagina mucosa of organ
vagina mucous membrane
vagina organ mucosa
vaginal mucosa
mucosa of seminal vesicle
A mucosa that is part of a seminal vesicle [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of seminal gland
mucosa of organ of seminal vesicle
mucosa of seminal gland
mucous membrane of seminal gland
mucous membrane of seminal vesicle
organ mucosa of seminal gland
organ mucosa of seminal vesicle
seminal gland mucosa
seminal gland mucosa of organ
seminal gland mucous membrane
seminal gland organ mucosa
seminal vesicle mucosa
seminal vesicle mucosa of organ
seminal vesicle mucous membrane
seminal vesicle organ mucosa
tunica mucosa glandulae vesiculosae
mucosa of cystic duct
A mucosa that is part of a cystic duct [Automatically generated definition].
cystic duct mucosa
cystic duct mucosa of organ
cystic duct mucous membrane
cystic duct organ mucosa
cystic ductal mucosa
mucosa of organ of cystic duct
mucous membrane of cystic duct
organ mucosa of cystic duct
mucosa of appendix
A mucosa that is part of an appendix [Automatically generated definition].
appendiceal mucous membrane
appendix mucosa
appendix mucosa of organ
appendix mucous membrane
appendix organ mucosa
caecal appendix mucosa
caecal appendix mucosa of organ
caecal appendix mucous membrane
caecal appendix organ mucosa
mucosa of caecal appendix
mucosa of organ of appendix
mucosa of organ of caecal appendix
mucosa of organ of vermiform appendix
mucosa of organ of vermix
mucosa of vermiform appendix
mucosa of vermix
mucous membrane of appendix
mucous membrane of caecal appendix
mucous membrane of vermiform appendix
mucous membrane of vermix
organ mucosa of appendix
organ mucosa of caecal appendix
organ mucosa of vermiform appendix
organ mucosa of vermix
vermiform appendix mucosa
vermiform appendix mucosa of organ
vermiform appendix mucous membrane
vermiform appendix organ mucosa
vermix mucosa
vermix mucosa of organ
vermix mucous membrane
vermix organ mucosa
mucosa of ascending colon
A mucosa that is part of an ascending colon [Automatically generated definition].
ascending colon mucosa
ascending colon mucosa of organ
ascending colon mucous membrane
ascending colon organ mucosa
mucosa of organ of ascending colon
mucous membrane of ascending colon
organ mucosa of ascending colon
mucosa of transverse colon
A mucosa that is part of a transverse colon [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of transverse colon
mucous membrane of transverse colon
organ mucosa of transverse colon
transverse colon mucosa
transverse colon mucosa of organ
transverse colon mucous membrane
transverse colon organ mucosa
mucosa of descending colon
A mucosa that is part of a descending colon [Automatically generated definition].
descending colon mucosa
descending colon mucosa of organ
descending colon mucous membrane
descending colon organ mucosa
mucosa of organ of descending colon
mucous membrane of descending colon
organ mucosa of descending colon
mucosa of sigmoid colon
A mucosa that is part of a sigmoid colon [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of sigmoid colon
mucous membrane of sigmoid colon
organ mucosa of sigmoid colon
sigmoid colon mucosa
sigmoid colon mucosa of organ
sigmoid colon mucous membrane
sigmoid colon organ mucosa
mucosa of fundus of stomach
A mucosa that is part of a fundus of stomach [Automatically generated definition].
fundus gastricus (ventricularis) mucosa
fundus gastricus (ventricularis) mucosa of organ
fundus gastricus (ventricularis) mucous membrane
fundus gastricus (ventricularis) organ mucosa
fundus of stomach mucosa
fundus of stomach mucosa of organ
fundus of stomach mucous membrane
fundus of stomach organ mucosa
mucosa of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)
mucosa of organ of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)
mucosa of organ of fundus of stomach
mucosa of organ of stomach fundus
mucosa of stomach fundus
mucous membrane of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)
mucous membrane of fundus of stomach
mucous membrane of stomach fundus
organ mucosa of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)
organ mucosa of fundus of stomach
organ mucosa of stomach fundus
stomach fundus mucosa
stomach fundus mucosa of organ
stomach fundus mucous membrane
stomach fundus organ mucosa
mucosa of cardia of stomach
A mucosa that is part of a cardia of stomach [Automatically generated definition].
cardia of stomach mucosa
cardia of stomach mucosa of organ
cardia of stomach mucous membrane
cardia of stomach organ mucosa
cardial part of stomach mucosa
cardial part of stomach mucosa of organ
cardial part of stomach mucous membrane
cardial part of stomach organ mucosa
gastric cardia mucosa
gastric cardia mucosa of organ
gastric cardia mucous membrane
gastric cardia organ mucosa
mucosa of cardial part of stomach
mucosa of gastric cardia
mucosa of organ of cardia of stomach
mucosa of organ of cardial part of stomach
mucosa of organ of gastric cardia
mucosa of organ of pars cardiaca (gaster)
mucosa of organ of stomach cardiac region
mucosa of pars cardiaca (gaster)
mucosa of stomach cardiac region
mucous membrane of cardia of stomach
mucous membrane of cardial part of stomach
mucous membrane of gastric cardia
mucous membrane of pars cardiaca (gaster)
mucous membrane of stomach cardiac region
organ mucosa of cardia of stomach
organ mucosa of cardial part of stomach
organ mucosa of gastric cardia
organ mucosa of pars cardiaca (gaster)
organ mucosa of stomach cardiac region
pars cardiaca (gaster) mucosa
pars cardiaca (gaster) mucosa of organ
pars cardiaca (gaster) mucous membrane
pars cardiaca (gaster) organ mucosa
stomach cardiac region mucosa
stomach cardiac region mucosa of organ
stomach cardiac region mucous membrane
stomach cardiac region organ mucosa
mucosa of pyloric antrum
A mucosa that is part of a pyloric antrum [Automatically generated definition].
antral mucosa
antrum of stomach mucosa
antrum of stomach mucosa of organ
antrum of stomach mucous membrane
antrum of stomach organ mucosa
gastric antrum mucosa
mucosa of antrum of stomach
mucosa of organ of antrum of stomach
mucosa of organ of pyloric antrum
mucosa of organ of stomach pyloric antrum
mucosa of stomach pyloric antrum
mucous membrane of antrum of stomach
mucous membrane of pyloric antrum
mucous membrane of stomach pyloric antrum
organ mucosa of antrum of stomach
organ mucosa of pyloric antrum
organ mucosa of stomach pyloric antrum
pyloric antrum mucosa
pyloric antrum mucosa of organ
pyloric antrum mucous membrane
pyloric antrum organ mucosa
stomach pyloric antrum mucosa
stomach pyloric antrum mucosa of organ
stomach pyloric antrum mucous membrane
stomach pyloric antrum organ mucosa
mucosa of pylorus
A mucosa that is part of a pylorus [Automatically generated definition].
antropyloric mucosa
mucosa of organ of pyloric part of stomach
mucosa of organ of pylorus
mucosa of organ of stomach pyloric region
mucosa of pyloric part of stomach
mucosa of stomach pyloric region
mucous membrane of pyloric part of stomach
mucous membrane of pylorus
mucous membrane of stomach pyloric region
organ mucosa of pyloric part of stomach
organ mucosa of pylorus
organ mucosa of stomach pyloric region
pyloric part of stomach mucosa
pyloric part of stomach mucosa of organ
pyloric part of stomach mucous membrane
pyloric part of stomach organ mucosa
pylorus mucosa
pylorus mucosa of organ
pylorus mucous membrane
pylorus organ mucosa
stomach pyloric region mucosa
stomach pyloric region mucosa of organ
stomach pyloric region mucous membrane
stomach pyloric region organ mucosa
mucosa of biliary tree
A mucosa that is part of a biliary tree [Automatically generated definition].
biliary tract mucosa
biliary tract mucosa of organ
biliary tract mucous membrane
biliary tract organ mucosa
biliary tree mucosa
biliary tree mucosa of organ
biliary tree mucous membrane
biliary tree organ mucosa
mucosa of biliary tract
mucosa of organ of biliary tract
mucosa of organ of biliary tree
mucous membrane of biliary tract
mucous membrane of biliary tree
organ mucosa of biliary tract
organ mucosa of biliary tree
mucosa of common bile duct
A mucosa that is part of a common bile duct [Automatically generated definition].
common bile duct mucosa
common bile duct mucosa of organ
common bile duct mucous membrane
common bile duct organ mucosa
common bile ductal mucosa
ductus choledochus (biliaris) mucosa
ductus choledochus (biliaris) mucosa of organ
ductus choledochus (biliaris) mucous membrane
ductus choledochus (biliaris) organ mucosa
mucosa of ductus choledochus (biliaris)
mucosa of organ of common bile duct
mucosa of organ of ductus choledochus (biliaris)
mucous membrane of common bile duct
mucous membrane of ductus choledochus (biliaris)
organ mucosa of common bile duct
organ mucosa of ductus choledochus (biliaris)
mucosa of renal pelvis
A mucosa that is part of a renal pelvis [Automatically generated definition].
kidney pelvis mucosa
kidney pelvis mucosa of organ
kidney pelvis mucous membrane
kidney pelvis organ mucosa
mucosa of kidney pelvis
mucosa of organ of kidney pelvis
mucosa of organ of pelvis of ureter
mucosa of organ of renal pelvis
mucosa of pelvis of ureter
mucous membrane of kidney pelvis
mucous membrane of pelvis of ureter
mucous membrane of renal pelvis
organ mucosa of kidney pelvis
organ mucosa of pelvis of ureter
organ mucosa of renal pelvis
pelvis of ureter mucosa
pelvis of ureter mucosa of organ
pelvis of ureter mucous membrane
pelvis of ureter organ mucosa
renal pelvic mucosa
renal pelvis mucosa
renal pelvis mucosa of organ
renal pelvis mucous membrane
renal pelvis organ mucosa
tunica mucosa pelvis renalis
mucosa of trigone of urinary bladder
A mucosa that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition].
Lieutaud ' s trigone mucosa
Lieutaud ' s trigone mucosa of organ
Lieutaud ' s trigone mucous membrane
Lieutaud ' s trigone organ mucosa
deep trigone mucosa
deep trigone mucosa of organ
deep trigone mucous membrane
deep trigone organ mucosa
mucosa of Lieutaud ' s trigone
mucosa of deep trigone
mucosa of organ of Lieutaud ' s trigone
mucosa of organ of deep trigone
mucosa of organ of trigone of bladder
mucosa of organ of trigone of urinary bladder
mucosa of organ of urinary bladder trigone
mucosa of organ of vesical trigone
mucosa of trigone of bladder
mucosa of urinary bladder trigone
mucosa of vesical trigone
mucous membrane of Lieutaud ' s trigone
mucous membrane of deep trigone
mucous membrane of trigone of bladder
mucous membrane of trigone of urinary bladder
mucous membrane of urinary bladder trigone
mucous membrane of vesical trigone
organ mucosa of Lieutaud ' s trigone
organ mucosa of deep trigone
organ mucosa of trigone of bladder
organ mucosa of trigone of urinary bladder
organ mucosa of urinary bladder trigone
organ mucosa of vesical trigone
trigone of bladder mucosa
trigone of bladder mucosa of organ
trigone of bladder mucous membrane
trigone of bladder organ mucosa
trigone of urinary bladder mucosa
trigone of urinary bladder mucosa of organ
trigone of urinary bladder mucous membrane
trigone of urinary bladder organ mucosa
urinary bladder trigone mucosa
urinary bladder trigone mucosa of organ
urinary bladder trigone mucous membrane
urinary bladder trigone organ mucosa
vesical trigone mucosa
vesical trigone mucosa of organ
vesical trigone mucous membrane
vesical trigone organ mucosa
mucosa of neck of urinary bladder
A mucosa that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition].
bladder neck mucosa
bladder neck mucosa of organ
bladder neck mucous membrane
bladder neck organ mucosa
mucosa of bladder neck
mucosa of neck of bladder
mucosa of organ of bladder neck
mucosa of organ of neck of bladder
mucosa of organ of neck of urinary bladder
mucosa of organ of urinary bladder neck
mucosa of organ of vesical neck
mucosa of urinary bladder neck
mucosa of vesical neck
mucous membrane of bladder neck
mucous membrane of neck of bladder
mucous membrane of neck of urinary bladder
mucous membrane of urinary bladder neck
mucous membrane of vesical neck
neck of bladder mucosa
neck of bladder mucosa of organ
neck of bladder mucous membrane
neck of bladder organ mucosa
neck of urinary bladder mucosa
neck of urinary bladder mucosa of organ
neck of urinary bladder mucous membrane
neck of urinary bladder organ mucosa
organ mucosa of bladder neck
organ mucosa of neck of bladder
organ mucosa of neck of urinary bladder
organ mucosa of urinary bladder neck
organ mucosa of vesical neck
urinary bladder neck mucosa
urinary bladder neck mucosa of organ
urinary bladder neck mucous membrane
vesical neck mucosa
vesical neck mucosa of organ
vesical neck mucous membrane
vesical neck organ mucosa
mucosa of male urethra
A mucosa that is part of a male urethra [Automatically generated definition].
male urethra mucosa
male urethra mucosa of organ
male urethra mucous membrane
male urethra organ mucosa
mucosa of organ of male urethra
mucous membrane of male urethra
organ mucosa of male urethra
mucosa of female urethra
A mucosa that is part of a female urethra [Automatically generated definition].
female urethra mucosa
female urethra mucosa of organ
female urethra mucous membrane
female urethra organ mucosa
mucosa of organ of female urethra
mucous membrane of female urethra
organ mucosa of female urethra
mucosa of lacrimal sac
A mucosa that is part of a lacrimal sac [Automatically generated definition].
lacrimal sac mucosa
lacrimal sac mucosa of organ
lacrimal sac mucous membrane
lacrimal sac organ mucosa
mucosa of organ of lacrimal sac
mucous membrane of lacrimal sac
organ mucosa of lacrimal sac
mucosa of tongue
A mucosa that is part of a tongue [Automatically generated definition].
lingual mucosa
mucosa of organ of tongue
mucous membrane of tongue
organ mucosa of tongue
tongue mucosa
tongue mucosa of organ
tongue mucous membrane
tongue organ mucosa
tunica mucosa linguae
mucosa of nasopharynx
A mucosa that is part of a nasopharynx [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of nasal part of pharynx
mucosa of organ of nasal part of pharynx
mucosa of organ of nasopharynx
mucosa of organ of rhinopharynx
mucosa of rhinopharynx
mucous membrane of nasal part of pharynx
mucous membrane of nasopharynx
mucous membrane of rhinopharynx
nasal part of pharynx mucosa
nasal part of pharynx mucosa of organ
nasal part of pharynx mucous membrane
nasal part of pharynx organ mucosa
nasopharynx mucosa
nasopharynx mucosa of organ
nasopharynx mucous membrane
nasopharynx organ mucosa
organ mucosa of nasal part of pharynx
organ mucosa of nasopharynx
organ mucosa of rhinopharynx
rhinopharynx mucosa
rhinopharynx mucosa of organ
rhinopharynx mucous membrane
rhinopharynx organ mucosa
mucosa of middle ear
A mucosa that is part of a middle ear [Automatically generated definition].
middle ear mucosa
middle ear mucosa of organ
middle ear mucous membrane
middle ear organ mucosa
mucosa of organ of middle ear
mucosa of tympanic cavity
mucous membrane of middle ear
organ mucosa of middle ear
tunica mucosa cavitatis tympanicae
mucosa of lacrimal canaliculus
A mucosa that is part of a lacrimal canaliculus [Automatically generated definition].
lacrimal canalicular mucosa
lacrimal canaliculus mucosa
lacrimal canaliculus mucosa of organ
lacrimal canaliculus mucous membrane
lacrimal canaliculus organ mucosa
mucosa of organ of lacrimal canaliculus
mucous membrane of lacrimal canaliculus
organ mucosa of lacrimal canaliculus
mucosa of gallbladder
A mucosa that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition].
gall bladder mucosa
gall bladder mucosa of organ
gall bladder mucous membrane
gall bladder organ mucosa
gallbladder mucosa
gallbladder mucosa of organ
gallbladder mucous membrane
gallbladder organ mucosa
mucosa of gall bladder
mucosa of organ of gall bladder
mucosa of organ of gallbladder
mucous membrane of gall bladder
mucous membrane of gallbladder
organ mucosa of gall bladder
organ mucosa of gallbladder
tunica mucosa (vesica biliaris)
tunica mucosa vesicae biliaris
mucosa of bronchiole
A mucosa that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition].
bronchiole mucosa
bronchiole mucosa of organ
bronchiole mucous membrane
bronchiole organ mucosa
lobular bronchiole mucosa
lobular bronchiole mucosa of organ
lobular bronchiole mucous membrane
lobular bronchiole organ mucosa
mucosa of lobular bronchiole
mucosa of organ of bronchiole
mucosa of organ of lobular bronchiole
mucous membrane of bronchiole
mucous membrane of lobular bronchiole
organ mucosa of bronchiole
organ mucosa of lobular bronchiole
mucosa of terminal bronchiole
A mucosa that is part of a terminal bronchiole [Automatically generated definition].
bronchiolus terminalis mucosa
bronchiolus terminalis mucosa of organ
bronchiolus terminalis mucous membrane
bronchiolus terminalis organ mucosa
mucosa of bronchiolus terminalis
mucosa of organ of bronchiolus terminalis
mucosa of organ of terminal bronchiole
mucous membrane of bronchiolus terminalis
mucous membrane of terminal bronchiole
organ mucosa of bronchiolus terminalis
organ mucosa of terminal bronchiole
terminal bronchiole mucosa
terminal bronchiole mucosa of organ
terminal bronchiole mucous membrane
terminal bronchiole organ mucosa
mucosa of respiratory bronchiole
A mucosa that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Automatically generated definition].
bronchiolus respiratorius mucosa
bronchiolus respiratorius mucosa of organ
bronchiolus respiratorius mucous membrane
bronchiolus respiratorius organ mucosa
mucosa of bronchiolus respiratorius
mucosa of organ of bronchiolus respiratorius
mucosa of organ of respiratory bronchiole
mucous membrane of bronchiolus respiratorius
mucous membrane of respiratory bronchiole
organ mucosa of bronchiolus respiratorius
organ mucosa of respiratory bronchiole
respiratory bronchiole mucosa
respiratory bronchiole mucosa of organ
respiratory bronchiole mucous membrane
respiratory bronchiole organ mucosa
inner epithelial layer of tympanic membrane
A portion of the tympanic cavity epithelium which makes up the outer (cuticular) layer of the tympanic membrane
mucosa of tympanic membrane
mucous layer of tympanic membrane
mucous stratum of tympanic membrane
tympanic membrane external middle ear cavity epithelial component
tympanic membrane mucosa
mucosa of nasolacrimal duct
A mucosa that is part of a nasolacrimal duct [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of nasolacrimal duct
mucous membrane of nasolacrimal duct
nasolacrimal duct mucosa
nasolacrimal duct mucosa of organ
nasolacrimal duct mucous membrane
nasolacrimal duct organ mucosa
nasolacrimal ductal mucosa
organ mucosa of nasolacrimal duct
mucosa of uterine tube
A mucosa that is part of a fallopian tube [Automatically generated definition].
fallopian tube mucosa
fallopian tube mucosa of organ
fallopian tube mucous membrane
fallopian tube organ mucosa
mucosa of fallopian tube
mucosa of organ of fallopian tube
mucosa of organ of uterine tube
mucosa of oviduct
mucous membrane of fallopian tube
mucous membrane of uterine tube
organ mucosa of fallopian tube
organ mucosa of uterine tube
tunica mucosa tubae uterinae
uterine tubal mucosa
uterine tube mucosa
uterine tube mucosa of organ
uterine tube mucous membrane
uterine tube organ mucosa
mucosa of infundibulum of uterine tube
A mucosa that is part of a uterine tube infundibulum [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of infundibulum of fallopian tube
mucosa of infundibulum of oviduct
mucosa of organ of uterine tube infundibulum
mucosa of uterine tube infundibulum
mucous membrane of uterine tube infundibulum
organ mucosa of uterine tube infundibulum
uterine tube infundibulum mucosa
uterine tube infundibulum mucosa of organ
uterine tube infundibulum mucous membrane
uterine tube infundibulum organ mucosa
zone of long bone
An organ part that is part of a long bone [Automatically generated definition].
long bone zone
external female genitalia
An external genitalia that is part of a female reproductive system [Automatically generated definition].
external female genital organ
external genitalia of female reproductive system
female external genitalia
organa genitalia feminina externa
immune organ
An organ that is part of a immune system [Automatically generated definition].
immune system organ
hemolymphoid system gland
A gland that is part of a hemolymphoid system [Automatically generated definition].
haemolymphoid system gland
hemopoietic or lymphoid gland
hemopoietic or lymphoid organ
neural groove
The median dorsal longitudinal groove formed in the embryo by the neural plate after the appearance of the neural folds.
neural fold
One of the two elevated edges of the neural groove[GO,MP].
medullary fold
neural rod
A solid rod of neurectoderm derived from the neural keel. The neural rod is roughly circular in cross section. Neural rod formation occurs during primary neurulation in teleosts[GO]. An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube[ZFIN].
neural tube rod
metanephric ureteric bud
The portion of the ureteric bud tube that contributes to the morphogenesis of the metanephros[GO].
ureter ureteric bud
The portion of the ureteric bud that contributes to the morphogenesis of the ureter. The ureter ureteric bud is the initial structure that forms the ureter[GO].
ectodermal placode
An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm[GO]
epithelial placode
hair follicle placode
A bud-like thickening in the epidermis consisting of elongated keratinocytes, which at the distal end are in touch with numerous aggregated specialized dermal fibroblasts, the dermal condensate.
hair gem
hair germ
hair peg
hair placode
vibrissa placode
tooth placode
An tooth placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the tooth bud[GO].
dental anlage
dental placode
dental primordium
odontogenic placode
tooth anlage
tooth germ
tooth primordium
sebaceous gland placode
A sebaceous gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sebaceous gland bud[GO].
sweat gland placode
An sweat gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sweat gland bud[GO].
muscle structure
Muscle structures are contractile cells, tissues or organs that are found in multicellular organisms[GO].
muscle
muscle element
musculus
kidney rudiment
.
kidney anlage
descending thin limb
The descending thin limb is a part of the loop of Henle situated just after the proximal straight tubule (S3). It extends to the tip of the loop of Henle[GO].
descending limb of Henle's loop
descending limb of loop of Henle
descending thin limb of loop of Henle
loop of Henle descending thin limb
loop of Henle thin descending limb
pars descendens (tubulus attenuatus)
thin descending limb
thin descending limb of loop of Henle
thin descending limb of the loop of Henle
thin descending loop of Henle
renal connecting tubule
The connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the nephron; it connects the distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct[GO].
connecting tubule
kidney connecting tubule
tubulus renalis arcuatus
mesonephric epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a mesonephros [Automatically generated definition].
metanephric tubule
A metanephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephros[GO].
metanephric epithelium
An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure[GO].
metanephric smooth muscle tissue
Any smooth muscle tissue that is part of a metanephros.
metanephric nephron
A metanephric nephron is the functional unit of the metanephros[GO].
metanephric pyramid
Metanephric pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a metanephros; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts[GO].
metanephric cortex mesenchyme
metanephric ascending thin limb
The metanephric ascending thin limb is a segment of a nephron tubule in the metanephros lying in the inner medulla that is permeable to ions but not to water and has a simple epithelium; active transepithelial solute transport is absent[GO].
metanephric cortical collecting duct
The metanephric cortical collecting duct is the portion of the metanephric collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex[GO].
metanephric descending thin limb
It extends to the tip of the metanephric loop of Henle[GO].
metanephric distal convoluted tubule
The metanephric distal convoluted tubule is a portion of the metanephric nephron tubule that connects the metanephric loop of Henle to the collecting duct[GO].
metanephric glomerular mesangium
The metanephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the metanephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus[GO].
metanephric macula densa
The metanephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the metanephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO].
metanephric proximal convoluted tubule
The metanephric proximal convoluted tubule is the most proximal portion of the metanephric proximal tubule and extends from the metanephric glomerular capsule to the metanephric proximal straight tubule[GO].
metanephric proximal straight tubule
The metanephric proximal straight tubule is the part of the metanephric descending limb that extends from the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule to the metanephric descending thin tubule[GO].
metanephric thick ascending limb
At the macula densa, the thick ascending limb connects to the distal convoluted tubule[GO].
metanephric distal tubule
The metanephric distal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that begins at the metanephric macula densa and extends to the metanephric connecting tubule[GO].
metanephric loop of Henle
The metanephric loop of Henle is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule in the metanephros[GO].
metanephric glomerulus vasculature
The metanephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the metanephric glomerulus[GO].
metanephric nephron epithelium
The metanephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the metanephros[GO].
metanephric glomerular epithelium
A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros[GO].
metanephric glomerular endothelium
The metanephric glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus of the metanephros[GO].
metanephric glomerular capillary
This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts[GO].
metanephric comma-shaped body
The metanephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the metanephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros[GO].
metanephric nephron tubule
A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephric nephron, the functional part of the metanephros[GO].
metanephric renal vesicle
The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the metanephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells[GO].
metanephric vesicle
metanephric S-shaped body
The metanephric S-shaped body is the successor of the metanephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros[GO].
metanephric connecting tubule
The metanephric connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the metanephric nephron; it connects the distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct in the metanephros[GO].
metanephric proximal tubule
The metanephric proximal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle in the metanephros. It has a brush border epithelial morphology[GO].
epithelial bud
A bud is a protrusion that forms from an epithelial sheet by localized folding.
epithelial cord
A cord of epithelial cells without a lumen and usually several cells thick.
reproductive structure
Any anatomical structure that is part of the reproductive system.
reproductive system element
reproductive system structure
epithelial fold
An epithelial sheet bent on a linear axis.
parenchyma of central nervous system
CNS parenchyma
The functional tissue of the central nervous system consisting of neurons and glial cells.
central nervous system parenchyma
parenchyma of CNS
parenchyma of central nervous system
multi cell part structure
A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part.
cell part cluster
multi-cell-component structure
multi-cell-part structure
ascending limb of loop of Henle
The distal part of the loop of Henle that is impermeable to water and actively pumps sodium out of the filtrate to generate the hypertonic interstitium that drives countercurrent exchange; it consists of an initial very thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium followed by a distal thick segment lined by simple cuboidal epithelium[MP].
ascending limb
ascending limb of Henle's loop
distal straight tubule
loop of Henle ascending limb
papillary duct
Bellini's duct
The terminal portions of the medullary collecting ducts are the papillary ducts, which end at the renal papilla and empty into a minor calyx.
duct of Bellini
papillary duct
papillary duct of kidney
renal papillary duct
renal interlobular vein
Any of the veins that parallel the interlobular arteries, receiving blood from the peritubular capillary plexus and empty into the arcuate veins
interlobular vein
interlobular veins of kidney
set of interlobular veins of kidney
venae interlobulares renis
venae interlobulares renis
interstitial tissue
connective tissue between the cellular elements of a structure.
interstitium
hepatic duct
Any portion of the ducts that carry bile from the liver to the common bile duct. This may include both intrahapetic components (parts of left and right hepatic ducts) and extrahapetic components (common hepatic duct, plus hilar portion).
abdomen element
An organ or element that is in the abdomen. Examples: spleen, intestine, kidney, abdominal mammary gland.
abdomen organ
abdominal segment element
An organ or element that is part of the adbominal segment of the organism. This region can be further subdivided into the abdominal cavity and the pelvic region.
abdominal segment organ
dorsal region element
An organ or element that part of the dorsum of the organism. Examples: spinal cord, vertebrae, muscles of back.
back organ
dorsal region organ
chest organ
An organ that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition].
tooth enamel organ
.
dental organ
enamel organ
odontogenic organ
organum enameleum
trunk region element
An organ or element that part of the trunk region. The trunk region can be further subdividied into thoracic (including chest and thoracic cavity) and abdominal (including abdomen and pelbis) regions.
trunk organ
thoracic cavity element
An organ or element that is in the thoracic cavity. Examples: lung, heart, longus colli.
thoracic cavity organ
pelvic region element
An organ or element that is part of the pelvic region. Examples: reproductive organs (in some organisms), urinary bladder, bones of the pelvis.
pelvic element
pelvis organ
pelvis region organ
thoracic segment organ
An organ that part of the thoracic segment region. This region can be further subdividied chest and thoracic cavity regions.
upper body organ
renal medulla collecting duct
The portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal medulla
kidney medulla collecting duct
medullary collecting duct
thoracic vein
A vein that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
spleen germinal center
A germinal center that is part of the spleen. The spleen germinal center is located in a secondary B follicle in the white pulp of the spleen.
germinal center of spleen
spleen GC
spleen follicle center
splenic germinal center
thoracic mammary gland
A lactiferous gland that is located in the thoracic region/breast.
anterior mammary gland
breast mammary gland
lactiferous gland
mammary gland
distal straight tubule macula densa
A macula densa that is part of an ascending limb of loop of Henle [Automatically generated definition].
trachea gland
a tubuloacinar seromucous gland that is located principally in the submucosa of the trachea. Excretory ducts from this gland pass through the lamina propria to the tracheal lumen.
glandula trachealis
tracheal gland
tubular seromucous gland of trachea
vagina stroma
A stroma that is part of a vagina.
choroid plexus stroma
A stroma that is part of a choroid plexus [Automatically generated definition].
tonsil capsule
A capsule that is part of a tonsil [Automatically generated definition].
renal medulla interstitium
kidney medulla interstitium
medullary interstitium
medullary stroma
renal medullary interstitial tissue
renal medullary interstitium
tissue surrounding the loop of Henle in the renal medulla.
Leydig cell region of testis
The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS..
interstitium of testis
interstitium of the testis
testis - interstitial
testis interstitial tissue
testis interstitium
outer renal medulla interstitium
A portion of interstitial tissue that is part of a outer medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition].
kidney outer medulla interstitium
outer medullary interstitium
inner renal medulla interstitium
A portion of interstitial tissue that is part of a inner medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition].
inner medullary interstitium
kidney inner medulla interstitium
papillary interstitium
kidney interstitium
The interstitial compartment of the kidney, comprising the extravascular intertubular spaces of the renal parenchyma, with their attendant cellular elements and extracellular substances, bounded on all sides by epithelial and vascular basement membranes.
interstitial tissue of kidney
kidney interstitium group
renal interstitial tissue
renal interstitium
renal stroma
stroma of kidney
optic eminence surface ectoderm
An external ectoderm that is part of a optic eminence [Automatically generated definition].
upper leg epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
pedal digit epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition].
foot digit epithelium
hind limb digit epithelium
toe epithelium
manual digit epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition].
finger epithelium
fore limb digit epithelium
hand digit epithelium
upper arm epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
lower leg epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition].
medial-nasal process ectoderm
An ectoderm that is part of a medial nasal prominence [Automatically generated definition].
optic eminence ectoderm
An ectoderm that is part of a optic eminence [Automatically generated definition].
interventricular septum endocardium
An endocardium that is part of a interventricular septum [Automatically generated definition].
endocardium of interventricular septum
interventricular septum endocardial tissue
bulbus cordis myocardium
A myocardium that is part of a bulbus cordis [Automatically generated definition].
bulbus cordis cardiac muscle
metanephric renal pelvis
A renal pelvis that is part of a metanephros.
metanephros pelvis
stomatodeum gland
A gland that is part of a stomodeum.
stomatodaeum gland
head mesenchyme
Portion of primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing head, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to head connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with cranial neural crest cells.
cephalic mesenchyme
cranial mesenchyme
desmocranium
upper leg mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
pedal digit mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing toe [Automatically generated definition].
finger ray mesenchyme
foot digit mesenchyme
hind limb digit mesenchyme
pedal digital ray mesenchyme
toe mesenchyme
trunk mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing trunk.
trunk and cervical mesenchyme
manual digit mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing finger [Automatically generated definition].
anterior limb digital ray mesenchyme
finger mesenchyme
finger ray mesenchyme
fore limb digit mesenchyme
hand digit mesenchyme
manual digital ray mesenchyme
upper arm mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
lower leg mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing lower leg [Automatically generated definition].
renal cortex artery
An artery that supplies the renal cortex.
kidney cortex artery
renal cortex arterial system
renal cortex artery
renal cortex vein
Artery that receives blood from the renal cortex[MP, modified]
kidney cortex vein
renal cortex venous system
renal cortex interstitium
A compartment of the renal cortex situated between basement membranes of epithelia and vessels that contains two contiguous cellular networks in mutual contact, one formed by interstitial fibroblasts, the other by dendritic cells.
cortical stroma
kidney cortex interstitium
renal cortical interstitial tissue
juxtamedullary cortex
The part of the renal cortex nearest to the medulla.
inner cortex of kidney
inner renal cortex
juxtamedullary cortex of kidney
peritubular capillary
the tiny blood vessels that receive blood from the efferent arterioles of the glomerulus, and interact with superficial cortical nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron; peritubular capillaries are situated around the tubule and are at low pressure
ventricular system of central nervous system
A set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. It is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord[WP].
CNS ventricular system
ventricle system
ventricular system
ventricular system of neuraxis
ventriculi cerebri
ventricular system of brain
brain ventricular system
tela choroidea
A structure found in the walls of the ventricles of the brain, consisting of part of the meninges (pia mater in mammals) plus ependyma[cjm].
tela chorioidea
tela choroidea of fourth ventricle
Tela chorioidea that lines the fourth ventricle[ZFA]. The tela chorioidea of the fourth ventricle is the name applied to the triangular fold of pia mater which is carried upward between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata. It consists of two layers, which are continuous with each other in front, and are more or less adherent throughout: The posterior layer covers the antero-inferior surface of the cerebellum. The anterior layer is applied to the structures which form the lower part of the roof of the ventricle, and is continuous inferiorly with the pia mater on the inferior peduncles and closed part of the medulla[WP].
choroid membrane
choroid membrane of fourth ventricle
tela chorioidea fourth ventricle
tela choroidea
tela choroidea fourth ventricle
tela choroidea of fourth ventricle
tela choroidea ventriculi quarti
tela choroidea ventriculi quarti
tela choroidea of telencephalic ventricle
Tela chorioidea that lines the telencephalic ventricle.
tela chorioidea of lateral ventricle
tela chorioidea of telencephalic ventricle
tela chorioidea telencephalic ventricle
tela choroidea (ventriculi lateralis)
tela choroidea of lateral ventricle
tela choroidea telencephalic ventricle
myelencephalon
The posterior part of the developing vertebrate hindbrain or the corresponding part of the adult brain composed of the medulla oblongata and a portion of the fourth ventricle; as well as the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), vagus nerve (CN X), accessory nerve (CN XI), hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).[BTO,WP].
myelencephalon (medulla oblongata)
embryonic tissue
A portion of tissue that is part of an embryo.
developing tissue
portion of embryonic tissue
extraembryonic tissue
Portion of tissue that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo.
extra-embryonic tissue
gonadal ridge
crista gonadalis
genital cord
genital ridge
gonadal ridge
indifferent gonadal ridge
the elevation of thickened mesothelium and underlying mesenchyme found on the ventromedial border of the embryonic mesonephros in which the primordial germ cells become embedded, establishing it as the primordium of the testis or ovary
sex cord
Cordlike masses of epithelial tissue that invaginate from germinal epithelium of the gonad and give rise to seminiferous tubules and rete testes in the male, and primary ovarian follicles and rete ovarii in the female.
genital cord
gonad cord
gonadal cord
primitive sex cord
ovary sex cord
cortical cord
cortical sex cord
ovary primitive sex cord
ovigerous cord
ovigerous cords
secondary cord
structures that develop from sex cords in the female. After further development they become the ovarian follicles.
testis sex cord
The testis cords are precursors to the rete testis. They play several different roles in the development of the male genitals[WP].
primary sex cord
testis cord
testis primary sex cords
testis primitive sex cord
pronephric nephron
A pronephric nephron is the functional unit of the pronephros[GO].
pronephric nephron tubule
The pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephric nephron and connects the filtration unit (glomerulus or glomus) of the pronephros to the pronephric duct[GO].
ciliated neck segment
pronephric tubule
mammary placode
The mammary placode is a transient lens shaped structure that will give rise to the mammary bud proper[GO].
mammary anlage
endocardial endothelium
The endothelial lining of the endocardium.
endocardium endothelium
endothelium of endocardium
pulmonary artery endothelium
An pulmonary artery endothelium is an epithelium that lines the pulmonary artery[GO].
pulmonary artery endothelial tube
mesonephric collecting duct
The collecting duct is the final common path through which urine flows before entering the ureter and then emptying into the bladder[GO].
mesonephric juxtaglomerular apparatus
The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate[GO].
mesonephric smooth muscle tissue
.
mesonephric nephron
A nephron that is part of a mesonephros.
nephron of mesonephros
stage IV nephron
mesonephric mesenchyme
Mesonephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the mesonephros[GO].
mesonephric macula densa
The mesonephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the mesonephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO].
mesonephric glomerulus
The mesonephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the mature vertebrate kidney, or mesonephros[GO].
glomerulus
mesonephric glomerulus vasculature
The mesonephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the mesonephric glomerulus[GO].
mesonephric glomerular epithelium
A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros[GO].
mesonephric comma-shaped body
The mesonephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the mesonephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO].
mesonephric nephron tubule
A mesonephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephric nephron, the functional part of the mesonephros[GO].
mesonephric renal tubule
mesonephric nephron epithelium
The mesonephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO].
mesonephric renal vesicle
The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the mesonephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells[GO].
mesonephric vesicle
mesonephric S-shaped body
The mesonephric S-shaped body is the successor of the mesonephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO].
mammary bud
A bulb of epithelial cells that forms from the mammary placode that develops into the mammary gland.
lactiferous gland bud
mammary gland bud
mammary primordium
milk bud
oral lamina propria
A lamina propria that is part of a mucosa of oral region.
lamina propria of oral mucosa
outflow tract of ventricle
A ventricular outflow tract is a portion of either the left ventricle or right ventricle of the heart through which blood passes in order to enter the great arteries. The right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is an infundibular extension of the ventricular cavity which connects to the pulmonary artery. The left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), which connects to the aorta, is nearly indistinguishable from the rest of the ventricle[WP].
heart ventricle outflow tract
outflow part of ventricle
ventricular outflow tract
outflow tract aortic component
An outflow tract that is part of a aorta.
outflow tract pulmonary component
brain ependyma
ependyma of ventricular system of brain
the ependymal cell layer that lines the brain ventricles
ventricle of nervous system
A layer in the central nervous system that lines system of communicating cavities in the brain and spinal cord.
region of wall of ventricular system of neuraxis
ventricular layer
spinal cord ependyma
ependyma of central canal of spinal cord
spinal cord ependymal layer
spinal cord ventricular layer
the ependymal cell layer that lines the spinal cord
olfactory lobe
The lobe at the anterior part of each cerebral hemisphere, responsible for olfactory functions.
spinal cord ventral column
anterior column
spinal cord anterior column
the area of white matter of the spinal cord located on either side of the ventral (anterior) medial fissure
ventral column
olfactory bulb external plexiform layer
Cytoarchitectural part of the olfactory bulb, lying superior to the mitral cell layer and inferior to the glomerular layer. The EPL is mostly neuropil composed almost entirely of mitral and tulfted cell dendrites and granule cell dendrites and their synaptic inputs.
EPL
OB outer plexiform layer
external plexiform layer
external plexiform layer of the olfactory bulb
olfactory bulb main external plexiform layer
olfactory bulb glomerular layer
The glomerular layer is the most superficial layer, consisting of mitral cell dendritic arborizations (glomeruli), olfactory nerve fibers, and periglomerular cells. Periglomerular cells contact multiple mitral cell dendrites within the glomeruli and provide lateral inhibition of neighboring glomeruli while allowing excitation of a specific mitral cell dendritic tree. Each mitral cell is contacted by at least 1000 olfactory nerve fibers[BTO]. Portion of tissue which is located in between the primary olfactory fiber layer and the external cellular layer of the olfactory bulb[ZFA].
glomerular layer
glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb
olfactory bulb main glomerulus
stratum glomerulosum bulbi olfactorii
nasal cavity epithelium
An epithelium that lines the nasal cavity.
nasal epithelium
nasal mucosa
olfactory segment of nasal mucosa
That portion of the nasal mucosa containing the sensory endings for olfaction; the organ of smell[MESH].
olfactory area of nasal mucosa
olfactory mucosa
olfactory part of nasal mucosa
olfactory zone of nasal mucosa
pars olfactoria tunicae mucosae nasi
pars olfactoria tunicae mucosae nasi
photoreceptor array
An array of photoreceptors and any supporting cells found in an eye.
light-sensitive tissue
transparent eye structure
A transparent structure that is part of a visual sense organ, the function of which is to direct or focus light onto a photoreceptor array.
lens
carotid artery segment
One of: the common carotid artery, or its branches, the external and internal carotid arteries.
carotid
carotid artery
common carotid arterial subdivision
subdivision of common carotid artery
female reproductive gland
A sex gland that is part of a female reproductive system.
male reproductive gland
A sex gland that is part of a male reproductive system.
accessory sex gland
cerebral hemisphere gray matter
A gray matter that is part of a cerebral hemisphere.
cerebral gray matter
cerebral grey matter
cerebral hemisphere grey matter
perirenal fat
The adipose capsule of kidney (or perinephric fat or perirenal fat) is a structure between the renal fascia and renal capsule, and may be regarded as a part of the latter. A different structure, the pararenal fat, is the adipose tissue superficial to the renal fascia.
adipose capsule of kidney
capsula adiposa renis
fatty capsule of kidney
perinephric fat
periphrenic fascia
perirenal fascia
perirenal fascia
perirenal fat capsule
perirenal fat pad
circumventricular organ
Any of any of the secretory or sensory organs located in the brain region around or in relation to the ventricular system that are characterized by extensive vasculature and a lack of a normal blood brain barrier (BBB) and allow for the linkage between the central nervous system and peripheral blood flow.
CVO
circumventricular organ
circumventricular organ of neuraxis
alimentary part of gastrointestinal system
GI tract
The part of the digestive system that excludes the hepatobiliary system.
alimentary system
alimentary tract
gastro-intestinal system
gastrointestinal (GI) tract
gastrointestinal system
gastrointestinal tract
forelimb bud
A limb bud that develops into a forelimb.
anterior limb bud
arm bud
limb bud - forelimb
upper limb bud
wing bud
hindlimb bud
A limb bud that develops into a hindlimb.
hind limb bud
leg bud
limb bud - hindlimb
posterior limb bud
pectoral appendage bud
A limb bud that develops into a forelimb or pectoral fin.
forelimb - pectoral fin bud
pectoral fin bud
pectoral fin buds
pelvic appendage bud
A limb bud that develops into a hindlimb or pelvic fin.
hindlimb/pelvic fin bud
pelvic fin bud
pelvic fin buds
pectoral appendage apical ectodermal ridge
AER forelimb
An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a pectoral appendage bud.
aer pectoral fin
apical ectodermal ridge forelimb
apical ectodermal ridge pectoral fin
apical ectodermal ridge pectoral fin bud
apical fold pectoral fin
upper limb bud apical ectodermal ridge
wing AER
wing apical ectodermal ridge
pelvic appendage apical ectodermal ridge
AER hindlimb
An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a pelvic appendage bud.
apical ectodermal ridge hind limb
apical ectodermal ridge hindlimb
apical ectodermal ridge pelvic fin bud
leg AER
lower lmb bud apical ectodermal ridge
developing anatomical structure
developing structure
developmental structure
developmental tissue
presumptive retinal pigmented epithelium
Portion of tissue that is the outer layer of the optic cup and will become the retinal pigmented epithelium.
future PRE
future RPE
future pigmented layer
future pigmented retinal epithelium
future retinal pigmented epithelium
optic cup outer layer
outer layer optic cup
presumptive pigmented epithelia
presumptive pigmented epithelium
presumptive neural retina
Portion of tissue that is the inner layer of the optic cup and will become the neural retina.
future NR
future neural epithelium
future neural layer
future neural retina
future retinal neural layer
inner layer optic cup
optic cup inner layer
presumptive retina
presumptive retinas
lens vesicle
Portion of tissue that gives rise to the lens.
hollow lens vesicle
immature lens
lens mass
presumptive lens
solid lens vesicle
corneal primordium
Portion of tissue that is part of the eye and gives rise to the mature, fully layered cornea.
vagal neural crest
VNC
Vagal neural crest is adjacent to the first seven somites gives rise to both ganglionic and ectomesenchymal derivatives[ZFA].
enteric neural crest
post-otic neural crest
aortic sac
The dilated structure that is lined by endothelial cells and located at the arterial pole of the heart just above (distal to) the truncus arteriosus in mammalian embryos; it is the primordial vascular channel from which the aortic arches (and eventually the dorsal aortae) arise; the aortic sac is homologous to the ventral aorta of gill-bearing vertebrates
saccus aorticus
segment of pes
A segment of autopod that is part of a pes.
foot region
foot subdivision
regio pedis
segment of foot
subdivision of foot
segment of manus
A segment of autopod that is part of a manus.
hand region
hand subdivision
regio manus
segment of hand
subdivision of hand
spinal nerve trunk
spinal nerve (trunk)
spinal neural trunk
trunk of spinal nerve
trunk part of spinal nerve, where dorsal and ventral roots meet to form the spinal nerve, before branching off to dorsal and ventral rami.
stomach fundus epithelium
A simple columnar epithelium that is part of a fundus of stomach.
epithelium of fundus of stomach
gastric epithelium of fundus
gastric fundus epithelium
thymus lobe
Either of the two lateral lobes that constitute the thymus.
lateral lobe of thymus
lobe of thymus
midbrain lateral wall
lateral wall mesencephalon
lateral wall midbrain
lateral wall midbrain region
neural tube lateral wall
Portion of tissue on the side of the lumen of the neural tube.
lateral wall neural tube
non-neural ectoderm
epidermal ectoderm
epithelial ectoderm
non neural ectoderm
surface ectoderm
ventral ectoderm
primitive heart tube
Multi-tissue structure that arises from the heart rudiment and will become the heart tube.
early primitive heart tube
primitive heart tube
rhombomere lateral wall
A neural tube lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere.
future hindbrain lateral wall
thymus primordium
A small outgrowth of the pharyngeal epithelium that is the site of lymphocyte cell production[ZFA]. [PMID].
thymic primordium
thymic rudiment
gonad primordium
Portion of tissue that gives rise to the immature gonad.
future gonad
gonadal primordium
immature gonad
primitive gonad
undifferentiated gonad
facio-acoustic neural crest
Cranial neural crest that gives rise to the facio-acoustic ganglion.
facio acoustic neural crest
head somite
Somite located in the head region, caudal to the otic vesicle
cranial somite
occipital somite
lung primordium
A pair of lateral diverticula just over the liver rudiment representing the primordia of the lungs, formed by the floor of the foregut just anterior to the liver diverticulum.
lateral diverticula
lung diverticulum
lung endoderm
trunk somite
A somite that is part of a trunk.
dorsal mesogastrium
The portion of mesentery attached to the greater curvature of the stomach is named the dorsal mesentery (or dorsal mesogastrium, when referring to the portion at the stomach), and the part which suspends the colon is termed the mesocolon. The dorsal mesogastrium develops into the greater omentum.
dorsal mesentery
extrahepatic part of hepatic duct
extrahepatic part of the hepatic duct
hepatic duct extrahepatic part
right dorsal aorta
vascular plexus
A vascular network formed by frequent anastomoses between the blood vessels (arteries or veins) of a part.
plexus vasculosus
extraembryonic membrane
Intrinsic membrane that arises from embryonic germ layers and grow to surround the developing embryo.
caecum epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a caecum.
pyloric region epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a pylorus.
anterior chamber epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a anterior chamber of eyeball.
obsolete otocyst epithelium
true
lens vesicle epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a lens vesicle.
2nd arch ectoderm
2nd pharyngeal arch ectoderm
An ectoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 2.
2nd arch endoderm
2nd pharyngeal arch endoderm
An endoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 2.
connecting stalk mesoderm
caecum mesentery
A mesentery that is part of a caecum.
midgut dorsal mesentery
A dorsal mesentery that is part of a midgut.
caecum dorsal mesentery
A dorsal mesentery that is part of a caecum.
2nd arch mesenchyme
2nd branchial arch mesenchyme
2nd pharyngeal arch mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 2.
pharyngeal arch 2 mesenchyme
optic eminence mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a optic eminence.
foregut duodenum mesentery
A mesentery of duodenum that is part of a foregut.
midgut duodenum mesentery
A mesentery of duodenum that is part of a midgut.
footplate apical ectodermal ridge
An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a footplate.
hindbrain venous system
A venous system that is part of a hindbrain.
rhombencephalon venous system
pronephric mesoderm
A mesoderm that has the potential to develop into a pronephros.
pronephric anlage
pronephric bulge
pronephric mesenchyme
pronephric primordium
olfactory system
A sensory system that is capable of olfacttion (the sensory perception of smell).
chemosensory system
extraembryonic mesoderm
.
extra-embryonic mesoderm
extraembryonic mesenchyme
pectoral appendage field
A limb/fin field that has the potential to develop into a pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme.
pectoral appendage field of lateral plate mesoderm
pectoral fin field
pelvic appendage field
A limb/fin field that has the potential to develop into a pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme.
pelvic appendage field of lateral plate mesoderm
pelvic fin field
paired limb/fin field
A ring of cells capable of forming a limb or paired fin[Gilbert,modified].
limb/fin field of lateral plate mesoderm
paired limb/fin field
tunica adventitia of blood vessel
The outermost layer of a blood vessel, composed mainly of fibrous tissue.
adventitia externa
external coat
tunica adventitia
tunica adventitia of vessel
tunica adventitia vasorum
tunica externa vasorum
tunica intima of artery
A tunica intima that is part of a artery.
arterial intima
tunica interna (intima)(arteriae)
adventitia
An outermost connective tissue covering of an organ, vessel, or other structure[WP].
tunica advetitia
tunica externa
bone foramen
Anatomical space that is an opening in a bone, usually for passage of blood vessels or nerves.
foramen
foramens@fr
foramina@fr
glomerular tuft
The capillary loops of the kidney that normally function as a filtration unit[MP].
glomerular capillary tuft
glomerulus
glomerular parietal epithelium
A single layer of simple squamous epithelium in the glomerular capsule. Does not function in filtration[UBERON]. outer layer of the glomerular capsule composed of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium[MP]
Bowman's parietal epithelium
capsular epithelium
glomerular capsule parietal layer
kidney parietal epithelium
outer layer of glomerular capsule
parietal capsular epithelium
parietal epithelial layer
parietal epithelium of Bowman's capsule
parietal layer of Bowman capsule
parietal layer of Bowman's capsule
parietal layer of glomerular capsule
renal glomerular capsule epithelium
visceral layer of glomerular capsule
Bowman's visceral epithelium
The inner, or visceral, layer of the renal glomerular capsule, overlying the capillaries, composed of podocytes, and separated from the outer, or parietal, layer by the capsular (Bowman's) space[BTO]. Lies just above the thickened glomerular basement membrane and is made of podocytes. Beneath the visceral layer lie the glomerular capillaries[WP]. inner layer of the glomerular capsule surrounding the capillary endothelial cells and composed of highly specialized epithelial cells (podocytes) that are separated by filtration slits; the visceral layer is separated from the outer parietal layer by the urinary space (also known as the Bowman's or capsular space)[MP]
glomerular capsule visceral layer
inner epithelial layer of Bowman's capsule
podocyte layer of Bowman's capsule
visceral epithelium of Bowman's capsule
visceral layer of Bowman's capsule
visceral layer of glomerular capsule
caudal part of nephrogenic cord
The metanephros develops from the most caudal part of the nephrogenic cord that is itself derived from the intermediate plate mesoderm.
caudal portion of nephrogenic cord
caudal region of nephrogenic cord
rear part of nephrogenic cord
rear portion of nephrogenic cord
rostral part of nephrogenic cord
The initial renal anlage that develops from the most rostral part of the nephrogenic cord is termed the pronephros.
urorectal septum
The ridge of mesoderm covered with endoderm that in the early developing embryo partitions the endodermal cloaca into the primary urogenital sinus (ventrally) and the anorectal canal of the hindgut (dorsally); the urorectal septum eventually fuses with the cloacal membrane, dividing it into a dorsal anal membrane and a larger ventral urogenital membrane - this area of fusion is represented in the adult by the perineal body[MP].
cloacal septum
septum urorectale
urorectal fold
urorectal membrane
acellular membrane
A acellular anatomical structure that is the bounding layer of a anatomical structure.
basement membrane of epithelium
An acellular membrane that is part of the epithelium, lies adjacent to the epithelial cells, and is the fusion of the the basal lamina and the reticular lamina.
basement membrane
basement membrane of connective tissue
membrana basalis
glomerular basement membrane
GBM
glomerular capillary basement membrane
glomerular filtration membrane
the layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule; it is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas and acts as a physical barrier and an ion-selective filter
nephric ridge
Nephric tubules (nephrons) form embryonically along the nephric ridge. The ridge comprises three regions; anterior, middle and posterior. The functional kidney uses nephrons from only one or two regions of the ridge. A pronephric kidney uses only the nephrons from the anterior region of the ridge. A mesonephric kidney uses only the middle region, a metanephric kidney uses only the posterior region and an opisthonephric kidney uses the middle and posterior regions.
nephric cord
embryonic uterus
fetal uterus
section of aorta
Any portion of the aorta including the ascending and descending aorta, and aortic arch or a portion of the aortic orifice of the left ventricle.
aortic section
aortic segment
portion of aorta
segment of aorta
dorsal aorta
DA
The dorsal aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once.
aorta dorsalis
aortae dorsales
dorsal aorta root
dorsal aortae
dorsal aortic root
dorsal aortæ
portal system
In the circulatory system of animals, a portal venous system occurs when a capillary bed drains into another capillary bed through veins, without first going through the heart. Both capillary beds and the blood vessels that connect them are considered part of the portal venous system. They are relatively uncommon as the majority of capillary beds drain into veins which then drain into the heart, not into another capillary bed. Portal venous systems are considered venous because the blood vessels that join the two capillary beds are either veins or venules. Examples of such systems include the hepatic portal system and the hypophyseal portal system. Unqualified, 'portal venous system' often refers to the hepatic portal system. For this reason, 'portal vein' most commonly refers to the hepatic portal vein[WP].
portal venous system
bone tissue of long bone
A bone tissue that is part of a long bone.
osseous tissue of long bone
developing mesenchymal condensation
A delimited region of dense mesenchyme within looser mesenchyme.
mesenchyme condensation
cartilaginous condensation
Cell condensation that is an aggregation of mesenchymal cells that are committed to differentiate into chondroblasts and chondrocytes.
cartilage condensation
cartilagenous condensation
chondrogenic condensation
pre-muscle condensation
pre muscle mass
premuscle mass
pre-cartilage condensation
A delimited region of dense mesenchyme within looser mesenchyme whose cells are committed to become chondroblasts.
pre-chondrogenic condensation
precartilage condensation
precartilagenous condensation
prechondrogenic condensation
mandibular prominence
mandibular process
mandibular swelling
prominentia mandibularis
the paired ventral prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo; the two prominences unite ventrally and fuse to form the mandible and lower lip
olfactory pit
An indentation of the olfactory placode which ends when the pits hollows out to form the nasopharynx[GO].
nasal pit
1st arch pharyngeal cleft
1st arch branchial groove
1st arch groove ectoderm
1st branchial cleft
1st pharyngeal cleft
1st pharyngeal groove
1st pharyngeal groove ectoderm
A groove that is situated between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arch.
branchial groove of 1st arch
undifferentiated genital tubercle
genital tubercle
phallic tubercle
the embryonic anlage of the external genitalia, which emerges as paired swellings ventral to the cloacal membrane, is proposed to be derived from all three germ layers, and gives rise to the penis, clitoris, scrotum, labia, and foreskin
tuberculum genitale
tuberculum phallicum
undifferentiated genital tubercle
pharyngeal cleft
An external pocketing of pharyngeal ectoderm that contacts a region of endoderm (a pharyngeal pouch) and interdigitates in the anterior and posterior directions by the pharyngeal arches.
Kiemenspalten
branchial cleft
branchial groove
gill cleft
pharyngeal ectodermal cleft
pharyngeal groove
pharyngeal groove ectoderm
pharyngeal slit
sulcus pharyngei
autopodial extension
A subdivision of the autopod that corresponds to one or more bones arranged in series branching from the main limb axis.
digit or predigit
limb outgrowth
neural tube lateral wall mantle layer
coelomic epithelium
The epithelial lining of the surface of the coelom.
celomic epithelium
germinal epithelium of Waldeyer
leg bone
A bone that is part of the region of the hindlimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia. Counter-examples: any pes phalanx
manus bone
A bone that is part of the manus skeleton. Note that this includes the carpal bones.
bone of hand
bone of hand skeleton
bone of manus
bone of pectoral limb autopod
bone of pectoral limb autopodium
forelimb autopod bone
forelimb autopodium bone
hand bone
pes bone
A bone that is part of the pes skeleton
bone of foor proper or tarsal skeleton
bone of foot
bone of pedal skeleton
bone of pes
foot bone
duct of seminal vesicle
Each seminal vesicle consists of a single tube, coiled upon itself, and giving off several irregular cecal diverticula; the separate coils, as well as the diverticula, are connected together by fibrous tissue. When uncoiled, the tube is about the diameter of a quill, and varies in length from 10 to 15 cm.; it ends posteriorly in a cul-de-sac; its anterior extremity becomes constricted into a narrow straight duct called the excretory duct of seminal gland (or duct of the seminal vesicle), which joins with the corresponding ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct[WP].
ductus excretorius (vesicula seminalis)
ductus excretorius glandulae vesiculosae
ductus excretorius glandulae vesiculosae
excretory duct of seminal gland
seminal vesicle duct
duct of male reproductive system
Any of the ducts that are part of a male reproductive system.
serous sac
Organ with organ cavity, which has as parts a serous membrane and a serous cavity . Examples: pleural sac, pericardial sac, tendon sheath, bursa.[FMA]
conjunctival sac
A serous sac which is the aggregate of the conjunctiva plus the conjunctival space
conjunctiva serous sac
subbrillar sac
obsolete transitional epithelium
See urothelium.
true
endo-epithelium
Epithelium that derives from the endoderm. Examples: urothelium, transitional epithelium of ureter, epithelium of prostatic gland.[FMA]
endoderm-derived epithelium
endoepithelium
zone of bone organ
bone organ zone
external naris
A naris that provides one of the small external openings of the head that give passage to air for breathing.
anterior nares
anterior naris
blowhole
external nares
naris
nostril
bulb of hair follicle
Thickening of the proximal end of the hair follicle. Contains rapidly proliferating, rather undifferentiated matrix cells (transient amplifying cells), melanocytes and outer root sheath cells.
coat hair bulb
hair bulb
hair follicle bulb
hair root sheath
.
hair inner root sheath
A multilayered tube composed of terminally differentiated hair follicle keratinocytes that is surrounded by the outer root sheath; the layers of the inner root sheath include the companion layer, Henle's layer, Huxley's layer and the inner root sheath cuticle[MP].
hair follicle inner root sheath
inner root sheath
inner root sheath of hair follicle
inner sheath of hair follicle
internal root sheath of hair follicle
hair outer root sheath
A stratified epithelium that surrounds the hair follicle that merges proximally with the basal layer of the interfollicular epidermis and distally with the hair bulb.
ORS
external root sheath of hair follicle
hair follicle outer root sheath
outer hair sheath
outer root sheath
outer root sheath of hair follicle
axial skeleton plus cranial skeleton
Subdivision of skeleton which consists of cranial skeleton, set of all vertebrae, set of all ribs and sternum[FMA, modified].
skeleton axiale
outflow tract of atrium
An outflow tract that is part of a cardiac atrium.
outflow part of atrium
outflow part of right ventricle
Anteriosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle, beginning at the supraventricular crest and terminating in the pulmonary trunk
RVOT
arterial cone
conus arteriosus
conus arteriosus (infundibulum)
infundibulum
infundibulum of right ventricle
outflow tract of right ventricle
pulmonary cone
pulmonary conus
pulmonary conus
right ventricle pulmonary outflow tract
right ventricular outflow tract
outflow part of left ventricle
Anterosuperior fibrous portion of the left ventricle that connects to the ascending aorta.
LVOT
Sibson vestibule
aortic vestibule
heart left ventricle outflow tract
left ventricular outflow
left ventricular outflow tract
outflow tract of left ventricle
vestibulum aortae
eye trabecular meshwork
A pore-like structure surrounding the entire circumference of the anterior chamber of the eye through which aqueous humor circulates[MP].
Hueck's ligament
cribiform ligament
eye trabecular meshwork
iridis
ligamentum peactin-tum iridis
ligamentum pectinatum
ligamentum pectinatum anguli iridocornealis
ligamentum pectinatum iridis
pectinate ligament
pectinate ligament of iris
reticulum trabeculare
reticulum trabeculare sclerae
scleral trabeculae
scleral trabecular
scleral trabecule
scribiform ligament
trabecular mesh
trabecular meshwork
trabecular meshwork of the eye
amniotic fold
A sheet of somatopleure that grows upward over the embryo and eventually meets in the midline enclosing the embryo, eventually giving rise to the amnion and chorion[Kardong].
amnionic fold
heart layer
The laminar structure of the heart
coronary vessel
Any of the arteries or veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation
left branch of atrioventricular bundle
The left branch of the atrioventricular bundle that separates at the bundle of His, descends the septal wall of the left ventricle and connects to the terminal Purkinje fiber[MP].
crus sinistrum (fasciculi atrioventricularis)
crus sinistrum fasciculi atrioventricularis
left bundle branch
left bundle branch of bundle of His
left bundle of atrioventricular bundle
left crus of atrioventricular bundle
left posterior branch
left posterior bundle
right branch of atrioventricular bundle
The right branch of the atrioventricular bundle that separates just below the bundle of His, descends the septal wall of the right ventricle and connects to the terminal Purkinje fibers[MP].
crus dextrum (fasciculi atrioventricularis)
crus dextrum fasciculi atrioventricularis
right bundle
right bundle branch
right bundle branch of bundle of His
right right crus of atrioventricular bundle
right ventricular bundle
integumentary adnexa
Anatomical structure embedded in or located in the integument that is part of the integumental system. Examples: hair, follicles, skin glands, claws, nails, feathers.
adnexae cutis
body hair or bristle
skin adnexa
skin adnexal structure
skin appendage
hair follicle matrix region
The bulb region adjacent to the dermal papilla that contains rapidly proliferating matrix cells that give rise to the various cell lineages of the hair shaft and inner root sheath
germinal matrix of hair bulb
lower part of bulb of hair follicle
lower zone of bulb of hair follicle
fibrous ring of heart
A ring of ribrous tissue that surrounds the atrioventricular and arterial orifices
Lower's ring
annulus fibrosus cordis
anulus fibrosus cordis
anulus fibrosus of heart
aortic annulus
atrioventricular ring
coronary tendon
fibrous ring of heart
multi-limb segment region
A collection of two or more connected limb segments. Examples: arm (comprising stylopod and zeugopod regions).
musculature of hindlimb zeugopod
Any collection of muscles that is part of a hindlimb zeugopod.
leg musculature
muscle group of leg
set of muscles of leg
fundus of urinary bladder
The base or posterior surface of the urinary bladder contains the trigone of the bladder and the outlet where urine empties through the internal urethral orifice.
base of urinary bladder
bladder dome
fundus of bladder
fundus vesicae
urinary bladder base
urinary bladder fundus
urinary bladder fundus region
basal nuclear complex
The deep nuclei of telencephalic origin found in the basal region of the forebrain
basal ganglia
basal ganglia (anatomic)
basal nuclei
basal nuclei of the forebrain
corpus striatum (Savel'ev)
ganglia basales
funiculus of spinal cord
A funiculus of neuraxis that is part of a spinal cord.
spinal cord funiculus
white column of spinal cord
funiculus of neuraxis
The cerebrospinal nerves consist of numerous nerve fibers collected together and enclosed in membranous sheaths. A small bundle of fibers, enclosed in a tubular sheath, is called a funiculus; if the nerve is of small size, it may consist only of a single funiculus; but if large, the funiculi are collected together into larger bundles or fasciculi, which are bound together in a common membranous investment. Examples include: Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord Posterior funiculus of the spinal cord Funiculus solitarius of the medulla Funiculus separans
pronephric proximal tubule
pronephros proximal tubule
pronephric distal tubule
mesonephric glomerular mesangium
The mesonephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the mesonephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus
mesonephric glomerular capillary
.
mesonephric connecting tubule
The mesonephric connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the mesonephric nephron; it connects the distal tubule to the collecting duct in the mesonephros
mesonephric distal tubule
The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the mesonephric connecting tubule
mesonephric proximal tubule
The mesonephric proximal tubule extends from the capsule to the distal tubule
auditory hillocks
A collection of protruberances derived from pharyngeal arches 1 and 2 that develop into the folds of the pinna and gradually shift upwards and backwards to their final position on the head.
auditory hillock of Hiss
auditory tubercles
auricular hillock
hillock of Hiss
buccopharyngeal membrane
The thin bilaminar membrane derived from the prechordal plate that is devoid of mesoderm and formed by the apposition of the stomodeal ectoderm with the foregut endoderm; after the embryonic head fold has evolved it lies at the caudal limit of the stomodeum, forming a septum between the primitive mouth and pharynx; the membrane eventually disappears, and thus a communication is established between the mouth and the future pharynx.
oral membrane
oral plate
oropharyngeal membrane
pharyngeal membrane
rhombic lip
cerebellar anlage
cerebellar primordium
cerebellum primordium
dorsal part of alar plate of metencephalon
future cerebellum
presumptive cerebellum
rostral rhombic lip
the posterior section of the developing metencephalon recognized transiently within the vertebrate embryo; the rhombic lip extends posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cell and can be divided into eight structural units based on rhombomeres 1-8 (r1-r8), recognized at early stages of hindbrain development; producing granule cells and five brainstem nuclei, the rhombic lip plays an important role in developing a complex cerebellar neural system
future diencephalon
The foremost region of the future forebrain that develops into the diencephalon.
presumptive diencephalon
facio-acoustic VII-VIII preganglion complex
facio-acoustic preganglion complex
femur pre-cartilage condensation
A femur endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation.
femoral pre-cartilage condensation
foregut-midgut junction
An anatomical junctions that overlaps the foregut and midgut.
future brain
The embryonic precursor of the brain.
brain rudiment
embryonic brain
encephalon
presumptive brain
future forebrain
A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a forebrain.
future prosencephalon
presumptive forebrain
presumptive prosencephalon
prosencephalon
future spinal cord
presumptive spinal cord
presumptive spinal cord neural keel
presumptive spinal cord neural plate
presumptive spinal cord neural rod
gall bladder primordium
A sac-like cavity ventral to the liver, lying in the sub-mesodermal space and closed by a thin sheet of ectodermal cells, from which the future gall bladder develops.
knee joint primordium
mouth-foregut junction
An anatomical junctions that overlaps the mouth and foregut.
nasolacrimal groove
Groove between maxillary prominence and lateral nasal process.
naso-lacrimal groove
s. lacrimalis maxillae
notochordal plate
The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down. It is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube. The folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord.
notochordal process
A midline cellular cord formed from the migration of mesenchymal cells from the primitive knot
chordamesoderm
presumptive notochord
otic pit
otic cup
the pair of depressions of thickened otic placode epithelium, that further develops into the otic vesicles
pleuroperitoneal canal
Each of the canals that links the peritoneal cavity and the caudal part of a pleural cavity.
pleuroperitoneal channel
future cardiac ventricle
Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac ventricle.
early heart ventricle
embryonic heart ventricle
embryonic ventricle
future heart ventricle
presumptive cardiac ventricle heart tube
primitive ventricle
primitive ventricle of heart
primordial cardiac ventricle
primordial ventricle
early prosencephalic vesicle
forebrain ventricle
forebrain vesicle
future brain vesicle that gives rise to telencephalic ventricle/lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle
preevaginated forebrain vesicle
prosencephalic ventricle
prosencephalic vesicle
spleen primordium
A dense syncitial-like mesenchymal thickening in the dorsal mesogastrium[ISBN]. the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing spleen[MP].
left spleen primordium
spleen mesenchyme
splenic mesenchyme
splenic primordium
chamber of eyeball
A segment of the eyeball that is filled with refractive media
chamber of eye
eye chamber
eyeball chamber
ocular refractive media
Body substance in a liquid or semi-solid state in the eyeball which serves to refract light.
bodily fluid
Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is not.
body fluid
fluid
brainstem nucleus
A nucleus of brain that is part of a brainstem.
brain stem nucleus
posterior lateral line
One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance.
pll
lateral ventricle choroid plexus stroma
A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a lateral ventricle.
fourth ventricle choroid plexus stroma
A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a fourth ventricle.
outer renal medulla peritubular capillary
A peritubular capillary that is part of a outer medulla of kidney.
kidney outer medulla peritubular capillary
communicating artery
An artery that connects two larger arteries.
premacula segment of distal straight tubule
.
distal straight tubule premacula segment
kidney medulla loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment
medullary thick ascending limb of Henle's loop
renal medulla loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment
renal medulla thick ascending limb
os penis
baculum
os baculum
penile bone
penis bone
the unique bone located in the glans penis of most mammals except humans; it is used for copulation and varies in size and shape by species
annulus fibrosus
A ring of fibrous or fibrocartilaginous tissue (as of an intervertebral disk or surrounding an orifice of the heart).
anulus
anulus fibrosus
fibrocartilaginous ring
fibrous ring
alveolar system
System pertaining to a bronchus and alveoli.
bronchoalveolar system
pulmonary alveolar system
renal convoluted tubule
Any region of a nephron tubule that is convoluted. Examples: distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tuble.
convoluted tubule
kidney convoluted tubule
mammary gland fluid/secretion
A substance that is secreted by a mammary gland. The substance may differ depending on phase, with colostrum produced during pregancy/early lactation, and milk produced afterwards.
lactiferous gland fluid
lactiferous gland secretion
mammary gland fluid
mammary gland secreted fluid
mammary gland secretion
secretion of mammary gland
outer medulla inner stripe loop of Henle
A loop of Henle that is part of a kidney outer medulla inner stripe.
outer medulla outer stripe loop of Henle
A loop of Henle that is part of a kidney outer medulla outer stripe.
kidney vasculature
A vasculature that is part of a kidney.
renal duct
A tube in the kidney that collect and transport urine.
obsolete urinary system structure
true
excretory tube
A tube that is part of a excretory system.
lymphatic part of lymphoid system
An organ system subdivision that is a network of vessels capable of removing accumulating protein and fluid from the interstitial space and returning it to the vascular space. In some species, this network is connected to the immune system via lymph nodes and lymphocyte-producing organs, with the whole being the lymphoid system.
lymphatic system
lymphatic tree system
lymporeticular system
non-lymphatic part of lymphoid system
An organ system subdivision that is the part of the lymphoid system that excludes the lymphatic vessels..
non-lymphatic lymphoid system
pharynx
The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO].
anterior part of foregut
pharyngeal tube
left ventricle myocardium
A myocardium that is part of a left ventricle of a heart.
left ventricular myocardium
myocardium of left ventricle
right ventricle myocardium
A myocardium that is part of a right ventricle of a heart.
myocardium of right ventricle
right ventricular myocardium
hypothalamic nucleus
A nucleus of brain that is part of a hypothalamus.
nucleus of hypothalamus
diencephalic nucleus
A nucleus of brain that is part of a diencephalon.
vestibular organ
An organ that is part of a vestibular system.
balance organ
presumptive endoderm
Presumptive structure of the blastula that will develop into endoderm.
presumptive blood
future blood
presumptive structure
Portion of embryonic tissue determined by fate mapping to become a structure.
future structure
presumptive structures
presumptive ectoderm
Presumptive structure of the blastula that will develop into ectoderm.
presumptive epidermis
presumptive mesoderm
Presumptive structure of the blastula that will develop into mesoderm.
venous sinus
A large vein or channel for the circulation of venous blood
blood sinus
muscle layer of oviduct
A muscle layer that is part of a fallopian tube.
muscle layer of fallopian tube
muscle layer of oviduct
muscle layer of uterine tube
muscular coat of uterine tube
muscular layer of uterine tube
muscularis of uterine tube
tunica muscularis (Tuba uterina)
tunica muscularis tubae uterinae
uterine tubal muscularis
adventitia of epididymis
An adventitia that is part of a epididymis.
epididymis adventitia
muscle layer of epididymis
A muscle layer that is part of a epididymis.
adventitia of seminal vesicle
An adventitia that is part of a seminal vesicle.
adventitia of seminal gland
seminal vesicle adventitia
tunica adventitia (vesicula seminalis)
tunica adventitia glandulae vesiculosae
muscular layer of vagina
muscular coat of vagina
tunica muscularis vaginae
vaginal muscularis
interphalangeal joint
A joint that connects one phalanx to another along a proximodistal axis.
inter-phalangeal joint
inter-phalanx joint
muscular coat
A region of muscle in many organs in the vertebrate body, adjacent to the submucosa membrane. It is responsible for gut movement such as peristalsis.
muscular coat
muscular layer
muscularis
muscularis externa
muscularis layer
muscularis propria
transverse muscular fibers
tunica externa
tunica muscularis
tunica muscularis
venous valve
A valve that is part of a vein.
valve of vein
spinal vein
A vein that is part of a vertebral column.
spinal branch
vena spinalis
cerebellum vasculature
A vasculature that is part of a cerebellum.
autopodial skeleton
The collection of all skeletal elements in an autopodium region.
autopod skeleton
autopodial skeleton
autopodium
skeletal parts of autopod
skeleton of autopod
spiral ligament
A spiral thickening of the fibrous lining of the cochlear wall. Spiral ligament secures the membranous cochlear duct to the bony spiral canal of the cochlea. Its spiral ligament fibrocytes function in conjunction with the stria vascularis to mediate cochlear ion homeostasis.
ligamentum spirale ductus cochlearis
spiral cochlear ligament
spiral ligament of cochlea
spiral ligament of cochlear duct
corneo-scleral junction
cornea limbus
corneal limbus
corneal-scleral limbus
corneoscleral junction
limbus corneae
limbus corneae
sclerocorneal junction
sclerocorneal limbus
the edge of the cornea where it joins the sclera; the limbus is a common site for the occurrence of corneal epithelial neoplasm
epithelium of conjunctiva
Layer of nonkeratinized squamous epithelium lining the conjunctiva, overlying scleral tissue
conjunctiva epithelium
conjunctival epithelium
glandular epithelium
An epithelium that is composed primarily of secretory cells.
areolar connective tissue
Loose connective tissue located at the outer and inner layers of organs. Examples: submucosal connective tissue, tunica adventitia of artery, papillary dermis, superficial fascia of dorsum of hand.
areolar tissue
loose areolar connective tissue
loose connective tissue
surface groove
A furrow or an incomplete tube.
groove
renal cortex peritubular capillary
A peritubular capillary that is part of a cortex of kidney.
kidney cortex peritubular capillary
renal cortex tubule
A region of nephron tubule that is part of a cortex of kidney.
cortical tubule
kidney cortex tubule
distal straight tubule postmacula segment
.
cortical thick ascending limb of Henle's loop
kidney cortex loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment
renal cortex loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment
renal cortex thick ascending limb
muscular coat of ureter
A muscular coat that is part of a ureter.
muscular coat of ureter
muscular layer of ureter
muscularis of ureter
tunica muscularis (ureter)
tunica muscularis ureteris
ureteral smooth muscle layer
adrenal/interrenal gland
This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells[GO]
adrenal - interrenal gland
adrenal gland - interrenal gland
adrenal gland/interrenal tissue
suprarenal gland - interrenal gland
diaphysis of femur
A diaphysis that is part of a femur[Automatically generated definition].
body of femur
corpus femoris
femoral diaphysis
femoral shaft
shaft of femur
proximal metaphysis of femur
A proximal metaphysis that is part of a femur.
metaphysis of femur
A metaphysis that is part of a femur.
femoral metaphysis
terminal part of digestive tract
The distalmost portion of the digestive tract, derived from the hindgut, and terminating with the anus.
rectal part of digestive tract
rectum
terminal section of digestive tract
seminal fluid secreting gland
A gland that secretes a seminal fluid.
embryonic footplate
distal part of hindlimb bud
foot disk
foot plate
footplate
the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pes (foot)
handplate apical ectodermal ridge
An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a handplate.
embryonic handplate
distal part of forelimb bud
hand plate
handplate
the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the manus (hand)
vasculature of organ
A vasculature that is part of a organ.
organ vasculature
set of blood vessels of organ
vasculature of liver
A vasculature that is part of a liver.
hepatic vascular element
hepatic vasculature
liver vascular element
liver vascular system
head mesenchyme from mesoderm
A head mesenchyme that develops_from a mesoderm.
cranial mesoderm
head mesenchyme derived from mesoderm
head mesenchyme from head mesoderm
head mesenchyme from mesoderm
head mesoderm
mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm
mesenchyme from head mesoderm
mandibular process mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a mandibular prominence.
mesenchyme of mandibular process
mesenchyme of mandibular prominence
lumen of digestive tract
An anatomical space that surrounded_by a digestive tract.
digestive tract lumen
gut cavity
gut lumen
lumen of alimentary tract
lumen of digestive tract
lumen of gut
squamous epithelium
An epithelium characterised by its most superficial layer consisting of squamous epithelial cells.
stratified squamous epithelium
Multilaminar epithelium which consists of more than one layer of squamous cells only one layer of which is in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, epithelium of wall of esophagus.[FMA]
epithelium stratificatum squamosum
non-keratinized epithelium of tongue
A non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is part of a tongue.
tongue squamous epithelium
A squamous epithelium that is part of a tongue.
squamous epithelium of tongue
esophagus squamous epithelium
A squamous epithelium that is part of a esophagus.
esophageal squamous epithelium
squamous epithelium of esophagus
squamous oesophageal epithelium
stomach squamous epithelium
A squamous epithelium that is part of a stomach.
cervix squamous epithelium
The squamous epithelium of the cervical portio is similar to that of the vagina, except that it is generally smooth and lacks rete pegs. Colposcopically, it appears featureless except for a fine network of vessels which is sometimes visible. The relative opacity and pale pink coloration of the squamous epithelium derives from its multi-layered histology and the location of its supporting vessels below the basement membrane.
cervical squamous epithelium
vagina squamous epithelium
A squamous epithelium that is part of a vagina.
vaginal squamous epithelium
stomach glandular epithelium
A glandular epithelium that lines the stomach. The stomach's glandular epithelium is characterized by the presence of gastric glands.
epithelium of gastric gland
gastric gland epithelium
digestive gland
A gland, such as the liver or pancreas, that secretes into the alimentary canal substances necessary for digestion.
digestive system gland
glandular columnar epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium that constitutes the secretory part of a gland. Examples: epithelium of stomach, luminal epithelium of lactiferous duct.[FMA]
stomach glandular region mucosa
stomach glandular region glandular mucous membrane
stomach mucosa that is lined with glandular epithelium and part of a stomach glandular region.
vestibular epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a vestibular labyrinth.
epithelium of vestibular labyrinth
inner ear vestibular component epithelium
vestibular sensory epithelium
sensory epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium made up of cells specialized to serve as sensory cells for the reception of external stimuli, as the sensory cells of the cochlea, vestibule, nasal mucosa, and tongue.
neuroepithelium
crista ampullaris neuroepithelium
An epithelium that is part of a crista ampullaris.
ampullary crest neuroepithelium
epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth
inner ear epithelium
the epithelial cell layer containing the sensory hair cells and their associated sensory nerve terminals
pinna surface epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a pinna.
male genital duct
A duct or series of ducts that transports sperm from the gonad. In mammals this is from the seminiferous tubules through rete testis, vas efferentia, epididymis, vas deferens, ejeculatory duct to the urethra.
sperm duct
sperm ducts
uterine epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a uterus.
uterus epithelium
ovary stroma
The stroma of the ovary is a peculiar soft tissue, abundantly supplied with blood vessels, consisting for the most part of spindle-shaped cells with a small amount of ordinary connective tissue. These cells have been regarded by some anatomists as unstriped muscle cells, which, indeed, they most resemble; by others as connective-tissue cells. On the surface of the organ this tissue is much condensed, and forms a layer composed of short connective-tissue fibers, with fusiform cells between them. The stroma of the ovary may contain interstitial cells resembling those of the testis.
interstitial tissue of ovary
ovarian stroma
ovary stroma
stroma of the ovary
stroma ovarica
stroma ovarii
pars distalis of adenohypophysis
DHP
The distal part of adenohypophysis: the part that makes up the main body of the gland.
anterior lobe
distal part of hypophysis
distal part of the hypophysis
pars anterior
pars anterior of adenohypophysis
pars distalis
pars distalis (glandula pituitaria)
pars distalis (hypophysis)
pars distalis adenohypophyseos
pars distalis adenohypophysis
pars distalis lobi anterioris hypophyseos
pars distalis of anterior lobe of pituitary gland
pars glandularis
pars glandularis of adenohypophysis
vascular cord
The vascular cord is the primordial vasculature that will develop into blood vessels by the process of tubulogenesis[GO]. The vascular cord is composed of angioblast or vascular endothelial cells in a solid linear mass called a cord. The cord then undergoes tubulogenesis to form the lumen of the vessels[ZFA].
coronary capillary
A capillary that is part of the coronary system.
heart capillary
anatomical surface
A two dimensional anatomical structure that is the boundary between an anatomical structure and an anatomical substance, an anatomical space or the organism's environment. Examples include the surface of your skin, the surface of the lining of your gut; the surface of the endothelium of you aorta that is in contact with blood.n
cardiogenic splanchnic mesoderm
The splanchnic mesoderm in the cardiogenic region where the heart develops; it gives rise to endocardial heart tubes that fuse to form the primordial cardiac tube, the heart primordium[web]. Two migratory heart primordia that move ventrally during the course of neurulation, and then fuse[XAO].
cardiac mesoderm
cardiogenic mesoderm
cardiogenic region
cardiogenic splanchnopleure
heart primordia
cleaving embryo
Organism at the cleavage stage.
presumptive gut
embryonic digestive tube
future digestive tract
future digestive tube
future gut
primitive gut
primordial digestive tube
primordial gut
mechanosensory system
mandibular neural crest
Cranial neural crest that migrates into the mandibular arch.
hyoid neural crest
Cranial neural crest that migrates into the hyoid arch.
hyoid crest
primary circulatory organ
A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood or analogs[GO,modified].
adult heart
dorsal tube
heart
meconium
A dark greenish mass that accumulates in the bowel during fetal life and is discharged shortly after birth.
neck of femur
The femur neck or neck of the femur is a flattened pyramidal process of bone, connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft, and forming with the latter a wide angle opening medialward.
collum femoris
femoral neck
femur neck
neck of the femur
pharyngeal pouch 2
2nd arch branchial pouch
2nd arch branchial pouch endoderm
2nd arch pouch endoderm
2nd branchial pouch
2nd pharyngeal pouch endoderm
A pharyngeal puch that is between the pharyngeal arches 2 and 3.
pharyngeal pouches 2
second arch pharyngeal pouch
second pharyngeal pouch
second visceral pouch
visceral pouch 2
glomeral mesenchyme
Portion of tissue that consists of the precursors of the pronephric glomus or glomerulus; derived from the medial portion of the pronephric intermediate mesoderm.
corpuscle
glomerulus
trunk ganglion
Ganglion which is located in the trunk.
body ganglion
trunk ganglia
neural keel
An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section.
presumptive central nervous system
lamina propria of mucosa of colon
A lamina propria that is part of a colonic mucosa.
colonic lamina propria
lamina propria mucosae of colon
lamina propria of colonic mucosa
lamina propria of colonic mucous membrane
serosa of infundibulum of uterine tube
A serous membrane that is part of a uterine tube infundibulum.
serosa of infundibulum of fallopian tube
serosa of infundibulum of oviduct
muscle layer of infundibulum of uterine tube
A muscle layer that is part of a uterine tube infundibulum.
muscle layer of infundibulum of fallopian tube
muscle layer of infundibulum of oviduct
muscularis of infundibulum of uterine tube
mesothelium of serous pericardium
A mesothelium that is part of a serous pericardium.
mesothelium of pericardium
pericardial mesothelium
serous pericardium mesothelium
stroma of bone marrow
The stroma of the bone marrow is all tissue not directly involved in the primary function of hematopoiesis. The yellow bone marrow belongs here, and makes the majority of the bone marrow stroma, in addition to stromal cells located in the red bone marrow. Yellow bone marrow is found in the Medullary cavity. Still, the stroma is indirectly involved in hematopoiesis, since it provides the hematopoietic microenvironment that facilitates hematopoiesis by the parenchymal cells. For instance, they generate colony stimulating factors, affecting hematopoiesis.
bone marrow stroma
tracheobronchial tree
The structure from the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles that forms the airways that supply air to the lungs. The lining of the tracheobronchial tree consists of ciliated columnar epithelial cells.
arbor tracheobronchialis
tracheobronchial system
hermaphroditic organism
dioecious organism
hermaphrodite
multicellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes.
hermaphrodite anatomical structure
An anatomical structure present only in hermaphrodites.
hermaphrodite-specific
brachiocephalic vasculature
The vasculature consisting of brachiocephalic arteries and veins.
mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a cranial neural crest.
head mesenchyme from cranial neural crest
head mesenchyme from neural crest
head neural crest derived mesenchyme
mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a trunk neural crest.
trunk mesenchyme from neural crest
trunk neural crest derived mesenchyme
1st arch mandibular component
ventral mandibular arch
ventral pharyngeal arch 1
ventral visceral arch 1
1st arch maxillary component
tunica adventitia of artery
A tunica adventitia that is part of a artery.
arterial adventitia
tunica externa (adventitia)(arteriae)
tunica adventitia of vein
A tunica adventitia that is part of a vein.
tunica externa (adventitia)(venae)
venous adventitia
tunica intima of vein
A tunica intima that is part of a vein.
tunica interna (intima)(venae)
venous intima
nuclear complex of neuraxis
Gray matter of the central nervous system which is a collection of clustered nuclei.
cluster of neural nuclei
neural nuclei
nuclear complex
trachea pre-cartilage rings
A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a trachea.
pectoral appendage musculature
Any collection of muscles that is part of a pectoral appendage.
pectoral fin muscle
pectoral fin musculature
pelvic appendage musculature
Any collection of muscles that is part of a pelvic appendage.
pelvic fin musculature
appendage musculature
Any collection of muscles that is part of an appendage.
fin musculature
pectoral appendage skeleton
Skeletal subdivision consisting of the anterior appendicular limb skeleton, excluding the pectoral girdle.
cheiropterygium
pelvic appendage skeleton
The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic appendage region.
presumptive hindbrain
The rhombencephalon (or hindbrain) is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. The rhombencephalon can be subdivided in a variable number of transversal swellings called rhombomeres. In the human embryo eight rhombomeres can be distinguished, from caudal to rostral: Rh7-Rh1 and the isthmus (the most rostral rhombomere). A rare disease of the rhombencephalon, 'rhombencephalosynapsis' is characterized by a missing vermis resulting in a fused cerebellum. Patients generally present with cerebellar ataxia. The caudal rhombencephalon has been generally considered as the initiation site for neural tube closure.
embryonic rhombencephalon
future hindbrain
presumptive rhombencephalon
rhombencephalon
presumptive endocardium
A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a endocardium.
presumptive segmental plate
A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a presomitic mesoderm.
presumptive segmental plates
presumptive neural plate
A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a neural plate.
prospective neuroectoderm
prospective vegetal ectoderm
presumptive paraxial mesoderm
The part of the blastula that has the potential to develop into a paraxial mesoderm.
future paraxial mesenchyme
future paraxial mesoderm
presumptive pronephric mesoderm
A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a pronephric mesoderm.
nephron primordium
pronephric proximal convoluted tubule
A proximal convoluted tubule that is part of a pronephros.
pectoral appendage blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a pectoral appendage.
pectoral fin blood vessel
appendage blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a limb/fin.
fin blood vessel
limb blood vessel
pectoral appendage vasculature
A vasculature that is part of a pectoral appendage.
pectoral fin vasculature
pharyngeal vasculature
A vasculature that is part of a chordate pharynx.
branchial vasculature
appendage vasculature
A vasculature that is part of a limb/fin.
fin vasculature
pronephric glomerular capillary
A glomerular capillary that is part of a pronephros.
pronephric glomerular basement membrane
A glomerular basement membrane that is part of a pronephros.
pronephric glomerular filtration membrane
pancreatic lobule
A dense accumulation of exocrine glands in the pancreas often surrounding islets of Langerhans.
lobulus pancreaticus
pancreas lobe
pancreatic lobule
pancreatic duct
A duct that collects and carries secretions of the exocrine pancreas to the intestine.
duct of pancreas
ductus pancreaticus
pancreas duct
stria vascularis vasculature
blood vessels supplying the stria vascularis in the cochlea of the inner ear.
stria vascularis blood vessel
stria vascularis blood vessels
surface of tongue
An anatomical surface that is part of a tongue.
tongue surface
outer epithelium
The epidermis is the entire outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species[GO].
epidermis
epidermis (sensu Metazoa)
hypoderm
hypodermis
outer epidermal layer
outer epithelial layer
enveloping layer of ectoderm
EVL
Outermost layer of cells surrounding the embryo.
enveloping layer
appendage lymph vessel
A lymphatic vessel that is part of a limb/fin.
pectoral appendage lymph vessel
A lymphatic vessel that is part of a pectoral appendage.
pelvic appendage lymph vessel
A lymphatic vessel that is part of a pelvic appendage.
paired limb/fin cartilage
A cartilage tissue that is part of a paired limb or fin.
pectoral appendage cartilage tissue
A cartilage tissue that is part of a pectoral appendage.
pectoral fin cartilage
pelvic appendage cartilage tissue
A cartilage tissue that is part of a pelvic appendage.
pelvic fin cartilage
nucleus of midbrain tegmentum
A nucleus of brain that spans a midbrain tegmentum.
tegmental nuclei
tegmental nucleus
nucleus of midbrain reticular formation
A nucleus of midbrain tegmentum that is part of a midbrain reticular formation.
mesencephalic reticular nucleus
midbrain reticular formation nucleus
midbrain reticular nucleus
lumen of epithelial sac
The space within an epithelial sphere.
cavity of vesicle
matrix-based tissue
A tissue whose predominant feature is extracellular matrix which may or may not be highly hydrated or calcified.
obsolete developing epithelial placode
OBSOLETE: A domain of columnar epithelium in an embryo that represents the early stage of the development of the epithelial component of a new anatomical structure.
true
epithelial sac
An epithelial tube that is open at one end only.
epithelial tube open at both ends
An epithelial tube open at both ends that allows fluid flow.
arborizing epithelial duct system
A collection of connected epithelial tubes with a single portal.
arborising epithelial duct system
epithelial vesicle
A closed epithelium with a lumen.
smooth muscle sphincter
A ring of smooth muscle cells whose contraction closes the opening of the ring.
dense mesenchyme tissue
Mesenchyme with little extracellular matrix.
migrating mesenchyme population
Mesenchymal cells that are migrating.
ciliated columnar oviduct epithelium
A ciliated columnar epithelium that is part of a oviduct.
epithelium of uterine tube
uterine tube epithelium
cuboidal oviduct epithelium
A cuboidal epithelium that is part of a oviduct.
ciliated columnar epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium in which the luminal side of the cells bears cilia. Examples: epithelium of trachea, epithelium of uterine tube.[FMA]
ciliated epithelium
Epithelium bearing vibratile cilia on the free surface.
stratified columnar epithelium
Stratified columnar epithelia is a rare type of epithelial tissue composed of column shaped cells arranged in multiple layers. Stratified columnar epithelia are found in the ocular conjunctiva of the eye, in parts of the pharynx and anus, the female's uterus, the male urethra and vas deferens. Also found in intralobular ducts in salivary glands.[WP]
epithelium stratificatum columnare
layer of synovial tissue
A thin, loose vascular connective tissue that makes up the membranes surrounding joints and the sheaths protecting tendons (particularly flexor tendons in the hands and feet) where they pass over bony prominences. Synovial tissue contains synovial cells, which secrete a viscous liquid called synovial fluid; this liquid contains protein and hyaluronic acid and serves as a lubricant and nutrient for the joint cartilage surfaces[BTO]. Synovial tissue can be found in tendons (tissues that connect muscle to bone), bursae (fluid-filled, cushioning sacs found in spaces between tendons, ligaments, and bones), and the cavity (hollow enclosed area) that separates the bones of a freely movable joint, such as the knee or elbow[BTO].
stratum synoviale
synovial layer
synovial membrane
synovial tissue
synovium
synovial cavity of joint
An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a synovial joint.
articular cavity (synovial joint)
cavitas articularis (junctura synovialis)
cavity of synovial joint
joint cavity
synovial cavity
pigment epithelium of eye
epithelial layer of the retina, ciliary body, or iris composed of cells containing pigment granules.
eye pigment epithelium
nucleus of medulla oblongata
A neural nucleus that is part of a medulla oblongata.
thoracic lymph node
A lymph node that is part of a thorax. Includes lymph nodes of the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes
deep thoracic lymph node
lymph node of thorax
future meninx
A developing mesenchymal capsule that covers the developing brain and spinal cord and is the precursor of the meningeal cluster. In mammals this gives rise to the arachnoid mater, pia mater and dura mater. In cyclostomes and fishes, the future meninx gives rise to a single meningeal layer, the primitive meninx.
meninx primitiva
primary meninx
primitive meninx
primordial meninx
ectomeninx
The outermost layer of the mesenchymal capsule that surrounds the developing brain, of mixed paraxial mesoderm and neural crest origin. The ectomeninx forms the dura mater (both inner layer and outer chondrogenic layer).
future dura mater
anatomical junction
An anatomical structure that connects two structures
anatomical junction
junction
esophageal sphincter
A sphincter that is part of an esophagus.
uriniferous tubule
functional unit of the kidney that forms urine, consisting of two parts, the nephron and the collecting tubule.
region of nephron tubule
region of renal tubule
renal tubule region
kidney field
kidney anlage
region of the embryo into the area in which the kidney rudiment will develop.
anlage
Anlagen are populations of contiguous cells, typically arranged in one plane, that are morphologically indistinct, but that already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue.
developmental field
field
future organ
organ field
thyroid diverticulum
diverticulum thyroideum
endodermal bud derived from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor[MP]. The thyroid diverticulum is the embryological structure from which thyroid follicular cells derive. It grows from the floor of the pharnyx[WP].
saccus thyroideus
early pharyngeal endoderm
.
early pharyngeal arch endoderm
pharyngeal arch endoderm
pharyngeal endoderm
pharyngeal region endoderm
bone of reproductive organ
A bone that is part of a reproductive organ.
baculum
os penis/os clitoris
interphalangeal joint of pes
The interphalangeal articulations of the foot (articulations of the phalanges) are ginglymoid joints, and each has a plantar and two collateral ligaments. The arrangement of these ligaments is similar to that in the metatarsophalangeal articulations: the Extensor tendons supply the places of dorsal ligaments.
foot interphalangeal joint
hindlimb digit inter-phalangeal joint
interphalangeal joint of foot
interphalangeal joint of toe
toe joint
interphalangeal joint of manus
IP joint
The interphalangeal articulations of hand are hinge-joints of the phalanges of the hand. There are two sets (except in the thumb): 'proximal interphalangeal joints' (PIP), those between the first (also called proximal) and second (intermediate) phalanges 'distal interphalangeal joints' (DIP), those between the second and third (distal) phalanges A similar group of articulations also function in the toes.
articulationes digitorum manus
articulationes interphalangeae manus
articulations of the digits
interphalangeal articulations of hand
interphalangeal joint of finger
interphalangeal joint of hand
interphalangeal joints of hand
epidermis gland
A gland that is part of a epidermis.
epidermal gland
gland of epidermis
umbilical vein endothelium
An endothelium that is part of a umbilical vein.
umbilical artery endothelium
An endothelium that is part of a umbilical artery.
transduate
Body substance in liquid state, which is derived from plasma by passage through the (intact) wall of capillaries without further processing by secretory cells or glands.
serous fluid
Any fluid produced by a serous gland.
serous gland fluid
vascular system
Anatomical system that consists of all blood and lymph vessels.
Gefaesssystem@de
connecting stalk
A bridge of mesoderm connecting the caudal end of the young embryo with the trophoblastic tissues; the precursor of the umbilical cord.
connecting stalk vasculature
A vasculature that is part of a connecting stalk.
connecting stalk blood vessel
connecting stalk blood vessels
vasculature of connecting stalk
adipose tissue of abdominal region
Adipose tissue that is located in the abdominal region. This includes any subcutaneous fat, visceral fat or encapsulated adipose tissue depots.
abdominal adipose tissue
abdominal fat
intra-abdominal fat
craniocervical region
The anteriormost subdivision of the body that includes the head, jaws, pharyngeal region and the neck (if present). In vertebrates this is the subdivision that includes the cervical vertebrae.
cephalic area
cephalic part of animal
cephalic region
head and neck
head or neck
appendage girdle region
An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc).
fin girdle
fin girdle region
girdle
girdle region
limb girdle
limb girdle region
peritoneal mesentery
Mesentery that is located in the peritoneum.
external nose
External part of the nose containing the external nares.
nose
girdle bone/zone
A bone that is part of a appendage girdle region.
girdle bone
pectoral girdle bone
A bone that is part of a pectoral girdle region.
bone of pectoral girdle
pelvic girdle bone/zone
A bone element or fused bone that is part of pelvic girdle.
bone of pelvic girdle
pelvic girdle bone
pectoral girdle skeleton
A subdivision of a limb or fin skeleton consisting of bones which connects the upper limb or fin to the axial skeleton on each side. It consists of the clavicle and scapula in humans and, in those species with three bones in the pectoral girdle, the coracoid. Some mammalian species (e.g. the dog and the horse) have only the scapula. In humans, the only joints between the shoulder girdle and axial skeleton are the sternoclavicular joints on each side. No joint exists between each scapula and the rib cage; instead the muscular connection between the two permits relatively great mobility of the shoulder girdle in relation to the pelvic girdle. In those species having only the scapula, no joint exists between the forelimb and the thorax, the only attachment being muscular[WP]. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left pectoral girdle skeletons.
cingulum pectorale
pectoral girdle
scapular girdle
skeletal parts of pectoral girdle
skeleton of pectoral girdle
pelvic girdle skeleton
Skeletal subdivision consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb zeugopodium and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb and caudal musculature.
pelvic girdle
pelvic girdle skeleton
skeletal parts of pelvic girdle
skeleton of pelvic girdle
membrane bone
Bone element that arises as a result of intramembranous ossification.
membrane bones
cartilage element
Skeletal element that is composed of cartilage tissue and may be permanent or transient.
cartilage
cartilage organ
cartilaginous element
chondrogenic element
regular connective tissue
Connective tissue, which consists of fibroblasts, the intercellular matrix of which contains a regular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: bone (tissue), cartilage (tissue), dense regular connective tissue.
dense regular connective tissue
Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts).
dense fibrous connective tissue
dense regular collagenous connective tissue
dense regular collagenous tissue
regular dense connective tissue
typus regularis (textus connectivus collagenosus compactus)
bone of craniocervical region
A bone that is part of a craniocervical region.
cranial bone
head or neck bone
sesamoid bone of manus
A sesamoid bone that is part of a manus.
sesamoid bone of hand
sesamoid bone of pes
A sesamoid bone that is part of a pes.
sesamoid bone of foot
irregular bone
The irregular bones are bones which, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long bone, short bone, flat bone or sesamoid bone. Irregular bones serve various purposes in the body, such as protection of nervous tissue, affording multiple anchor points for skeletal muscle attachment (as with the sacrum), and maintaining pharynx and trachea support, and tongue attachment (such as the hyoid bone). They consist of cancellous tissue enclosed within a thin layer of compact bone. The irregular bones are: the vertebrC&, sacrum, coccyx, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, mandible, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and hyoid.
os irregulare
os irregulare
joint of girdle
A skeletal joint that is part of a appendage girdle region.
girdle joint
surface of cartilage
A anatomical surface that is part of a cartilage element.
cartilage surface
pneumatized bone
A bone that is hollow or contains many air cells, such as the mastoid process of the temporal bone[TMD].
hollow bone
os pneumaticum
pneumatic bone
muscle of pectoral girdle
Any muscle organ that is part of a pectoral girdle region.
muscle of shoulder girdle
pectoral girdle muscle
bone of hip region
craniocervical region musculature
Musculature system of the pharyngeal and head regions.
head muscles
head or neck muscle
head or neck muscle
periodontal ligament
PDL
The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the root of a tooth, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone. It extends from the base of the gingival mucosa to the fundus of the bony socket, and its main function is to hold the tooth in its socket[BTO].
alveolar periosteum
alveolodental ligament
alveolodental membrane
desmodontium
fibra periodontalis
odontoperiosteum
paradentium
peridental membrane
peridontal fiber
peridontal fibre
peridontal ligament
peridontal ligament fiber
peridontal ligament fibre
peridontal membrane
peridontium
periodontal fiber
periodontal fibre
periodontium
heart endothelium
An endothelium that is part of a heart [Automatically generated definition].
cardiac endothelium
nasopharyngeal gland
A gland that is part of a nasopharynx.
plantar part of pes
The sole is the bottom of the foot.
pelma
planta
planta
plantar part of foot
plantar region
regio plantaris
sole
sole of foot
sole of foot
sole of the foot
soles of the feet
microvascular endothelium
intestinal villus of duodenum
An intestinal villus in the duodenum.
intestinal villus of jejunum
An intestinal villus in the jejunum.
intestinal villus of ileum
An intestinal villus in the ileum.
ileal epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a ileum.
epithelium of ileum
duodenal epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a duodenum.
epithelium of duodenum
breast epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a breast.
proximal tubular epithelium
The cells lining the proximal tubule are cuboidal epithelial cells with deep basal membrane invaginations that provide a large basal surface area. The long microvilli (the brush border) lining the tubule lumen, maximize luminal surface area and make these cells ideally suited for both reabsorptive and secretory functions.
epithelium of proximal convoluted tubule
epithelium of proximal renal tubule
proximal renal tubule epithelium
proximal tubule epithelium
proximale tubular epithelium
distal tubular epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a distal tubule.
distal tubule epithelium
mammary ridge
A ridge of epidermal cells that will form the mammary placodes.
mammary fold
mammary gland ridge
mammary line
milk line
nasal muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of an nose.
muscle of nose
muscle tissue of prostate
A muscle tissue that is part of a prostate gland.
prostate gland muscle tissue
prostate muscle tissue
prostatic muscle
prostatic musclular tissue
inner cell mass derived epiblast
An embryonic structure that is derived from the inner cell mass and lies above the hypoblast and gives rise to the three primary germ layers
embryonic epiblast
lower limb segment
A limb segment that is part of a hindlimb.
free lower limb segment
free lower limb subdivision
segment of free lower limb
subdivision of free lower limb
upper limb segment
A limb segment that is part of a forelimb.
free upper limb segment
free upper limb subdivision
segment of free upper limb
subdivision of free upper limb
intromittent organ
An external organ of a male organism that is specialized to deliver sperm during copulation. Intromittent organs are found most often in terrestrial species, as most aquatic species fertilize their eggs externally, although there are exceptions[WP].
aedeagus
copulatory organ
penis
pharyngeal arch system
A transient embryonic complex that comprises the pharyngeal arches, bulges of tissues of mesoderm and neural crest derivation through which pass nerves and pharyngeal arch arteries. The arches are separated internally by pharyngeal pouches, evaginations of foregut endoderm, and externally by pharyngeal clefts, invaginations of surface ectoderm. The development of the system ends when the stucture it contributes to are forming, which may include (depending on species) the thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, maxilla, mandible, aortic arch, cardiac outflow tract, external and middle ear[GO,modified].
pharyngeal apparatus
pharyngeal arch region
pharyngeal arches and clefts
pharyngeal system
embryonic head
A head that is part of a embryo.
thymus primordium endoderm
An endoderm that is part of a thymus primordium.
neural tube derived brain
A brain that develops_from a neural tube.
vertebrate brain
hepatic diverticulum
An out-pocket of thickened ventral foregut epithelium adjacent to the developing heart. Constitutes the first morphological sign of the embryonic liver. The anterior portion of the hepatic diverticulum gives rise to the liver and intrahepatic biliary tree, while the posterior portion forms the gall bladder and extrahepatic bile ducts.
diverticulum hepaticum
liver diverticulum
liver bud
palmar/plantar part of autopod
nonskeletal ligament
A ligament that does not connect two skeletal elements.
fibrous ligament
non-skeletal ligament
skeletal ligament
Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements[VSAO,modified].
articular larua
articular ligament
ligament
true ligament
stomach muscularis externa
The smooth muscle layer of the stomach wall that functions to churn and mix food and gastric secretions as well as to move food along the digestive tract to the intestines
gastric muscularis
muscle layer of stomach
muscularis externa of stomach
tunica muscularis (gaster)
tunica muscularis gastris
pyloric canal
The short narrow part of the stomach extending from the pyloric antrum to the pyloric sphincter
canalis pyloricus
canalis pyloricus
cardiac gastric gland
A gastric gland in the cardiac region of the stomach; cardiac glands are fewer in number than in the fundus and body, and secrete mucin which coats the stomach and protects it[MP]
cardiac gland
gardiac gland
gastric cardiac gland
gastric cardiac mucuous gland
gastric gland of cardia
glandula cardiaca (gaster)
pyloric gastric gland
The gastric glands in the pyloric region of the stomach; the pyloric glands secrete mucin, which coats the stomach and protects it, and hormones such as gastrin and enkephalin[MP].
glandula pylorica
pyloric antrum gland
pyloric gland
pyloric mucuous gland
pulmonary alveolar parenchyma
The distinguishing cell types of the lung alveolar tissue, including pulmonary epithelial cells (pneumocytes), alveolar capillary endothelial cells, interstitial cells (fibroblasts) and alveolar macrophages
pulmonary acinus
The part of the airway consisting of a respiratory bronchiole and all of its branches
acinus pulmonaris
arbor alveolaris
lobulus pulmonis primarius
primary pulmonary lobule
respiratory lobule
hypodermis skeletal muscle layer
Any skeletal muscle organ in the hypodermis / superficial fascia
hypodermal muscle layer
hypodermis muscle layer
panniculus carnosus
superficial fascia muscular layer
osteoid
Bone tissue that is an unmineralized bone matrix deposited by osteoblasts prior to the mineralization of bone tissue.
osteoid tissue
pre-bone
prebone
prebone tissue
pulmonary vascular system
The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all pulmonary arteries and all pulmonary veins.
pulmonary circulatory system
pulmonary system
neuromast
Volcano-shaped lateral line sensory organ located in characteristic positions within the skin epithelium and containing hair cells and their support elements.
cyatocïde@fr
lateral line neuromast
lateral line organ
neuromast organ
neuromaste superficiel@fr
neuromasts
lateral line nerve
Cranial nerves that carry afferent and efferent fibers for the lateral line system.
lateral line nerves
dermal bone
Skeletal element that forms superficially in the organism, usually in association with the ectoderm[VSAO].
dermal bones
lung parenchyma
A parenchyma that is part of a lung.
parenchyma of lung
pulmonary parenchyma
respiratory portion of lung
respiratory primordium
forelimb bone
A bone that is part of a forelimb region. Examples: humerus, any of the phalanges. Counter-example: scapula (a bone of the pectoral girdle). Note that we consider the forelimb to end at the shoulder.
free forelimb bone
wing bone
dental follicle
The dental follicle is a sac containing the developing tooth and its odontogenic organ. The dental follicle (DF) differentiates into the periodontal ligament. In addition, it may be the precursor of other cells of the periodontium, including osteoblasts, cementoblasts and fibroblasts. They develop into the alveolar bone, the cementum with Sharpey's fibers and the periodontal ligament fibers respectively.
dental sac
tooth follicle
renal parenchyma
The functional tissue of the kidney, consisting of the nephrons.
kidney parenchyma
parenchyma of kidney
submocosal esophageal gland
One of the racemose glands in the walls of the esophagus that in humans are small and serve principally to lubricate the food but in some birds secrete a milky fluid on which the young are fed.
esophageal gland
glandulae oesophageae
mucous gland of submucosa of esophagus
vasculature of brain
System pertaining to blood vessels in the brain.
brain vasculature
cerebrovascular system
intracerebral vasculature
renal straight tubule
Any region of a nephron tubule that is straight. Examples: distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tuble.
kidney straight tubule
straight tubule
lymph node germinal center
A germinal center that is located in a lymph node
germinal center
lymph node activated zone
lymph node central zone
lymph node light zone
lymph node nodule
prostatic venous plexus
The prostatic veins form a well-marked prostatic plexus which lies partly in the fascial sheath of the prostate and partly between the sheath and the prostatic capsule. It communicates with the pudendal and vesical plexuses.
plexus venosus prostaticus
pudendal venous plexus
inner medulla vasa recta descending limb
outer medulla vasa recta descending limb
vasa recta ascending limb
inner medulla vasa recta ascending limb
outer medulla vasa recta ascending limb
tip of renal papilla
papillary tip
papillary tips
obsolete thymic region
true
cervical thymus
A mature thymus that is entirely part of the cervical region.
thoracic thymus
A mature thymus that is entirely part of thoracic region.
indifferent gonad
A gonad prior to differentiating into a definitive testis or ovary.
gonad rudiment
adenohypophyseal placode
The adenohypophyseal placode forms the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and gives rise to the endocrine secretory cells of the pituitary
pituitary placode
lateral line placode
An ectodermal placode that will develop into the components of the lateral line system
lateral line placodes
craniocervical region vein
A vein that is part of a craniocervical region.
craniocervical vein
head and neck veins
vein of head and neck
entire embryonic mesenchyme
Sum total of mesenchyme in the embryo.
pharyngeal region of foregut
pharyngeal region
indifferent external genitalia
craniofacial suture
Any suture between cranial and/or facial bones.
articulation of skull bones
joint of the skull bones
facial suture
Any suture between facial bones.
limb epidermis
The limb epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of the limb, it is a complex stratified squamous epithelium.
nephric duct
A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney[GO].
vasa recta descending limb
medial nasal process mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a medial nasal prominence.
pharyngeal membrane
A thin fold of ectoderm and endoderm that separates the pharyngeal pouches from the pharyngeal clefts in a developing embryo.
branchial arch membrane
branchial membrane
pharyngeal membrane
pharyngeal membrane of 1st arch
1st branchial membrane
1st pharyngeal membrane
A pharyngeal membrane that separates the first pharyngeal cleft from the first pharyngeal pouch.
future tympanic membrane
tympanic membrane primordium
embryonic nasal process
nasal placode
axilla
The axilla is the area directly under the joint where the forelimb connects to the shoulder.
arm pit
armpit
armpits
axilla
axillae
axillary region
axillary region
oxter
regio axillaris
underarm
associated mesenchyme of otic placode
Mesenchyme that is part of a otic placode.
ectoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane
An ectoderm that is part of a buccopharyngeal membrane.
endoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane
An endoderm that is part of a buccopharyngeal membrane.
associated mesenchyme of foregut-midgut junction
Mesenchyme that is part of a foregut-midgut junction.
mesentery of foregut-midgut junction
A mesentery that is part of a foregut-midgut junction.
foregut-midgut junction mesentery
pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region
A portion of mesenchymal tissue associated with an individual pharyngeal arch.
branchial arch mesenchyme
pharyngeal arch mesenchyme
epithelium of foregut-midgut junction
An epithelium that is part of a foregut-midgut junction.
periotic mesenchyme
Anatomical region that surrounds the otic vesicle.
otocyst associated mesenchyme
otocyst mesenchyme
periotic region
mesenchyme of fronto-nasal process
The embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the frontonasal region of the head
frontonasal mesenchyme
naso-frontal mesenchyme
mesenchyme of hindgut
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing hindgut.
hindgut associated mesenchyme
mesenchyme of trachea
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing trachea.
trachea associated mesenchyme
mesenchyme of middle ear
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing middle ear.
middle ear associated mesenchyme
otic mesenchyme
anal membrane endodermal component
An endoderm that is part of a anal region.
mesenchyme of handplate
Mesenchyme that is part of a handplate.
hand plate mesenchyme
handplate mesenchyme
endoderm of foregut-midgut junction
An endoderm that is part of a foregut-midgut junction.
intestinal submucosa
A submucosa that is part of a intestine.
submucosa of intestine
subdivision of trunk
region of trunk
trunk subdivision
diencephalon mantle layer
diencephalon lateral wall mantle layer
mantle layer lateral wall diencephalon
midbrain mantle layer
mantle layer lateral wall mesencephalon
mantle layer lateral wall midbrain
midbrain lateral wall mantle layer
spinal cord mantle layer
mantle layer lateral wall spinal cord
spinal cord lateral wall mantle layer
1st arch mandibular mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a 1st arch mandibular component.
mandibular component mesenchyme
mandibular mesenchyme
mesenchymal region of mandibular component of first pharyngeal arch
mesenchyme of mandibular component
forebrain neural plate
A neural plate that develops_from a future forebrain.
midbrain neural plate
A neural plate that develops_from a presumptive midbrain.
hindbrain neural plate
A neural plate that develops_from a presumptive hindbrain.
presumptive midbrain
A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a midbrain.
early midbrain
future midbrain
mesencephalon
presumptive mesencephalon
head paraxial mesoderm
Bilateral mesenchymal mesoderm parallel and immediately adjacent to the neural tube/notochord; it generates a subset of extra-ocular, and other head, muscles.
cephalic paraxial mesenchyme
cephalic paraxial mesoderm
cranial paraxial mesenchyme
cranial paraxial mesoderm
head paraxial mesenchyme
somitomere
somitomeric mesoderm
trunk paraxial mesoderm
trunk and cervical paraxial mesenchyme
trunk paraxial mesenchyme
pronephric proximal straight tubule
A proximal straight tubule that is part of a pronephros.
proximal straight tubules
spinal nerve root
The paired bundles of nerve fibers entering and leaving the spinal cord at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and autonomic preganglionic neurons. There are, however, some exceptions to this afferent/efferent rule.
root of spinal nerve
spinal neural root
spinal root
trachea non-cartilage connective tissue
tympanic membrane epithelium
One of the two epithelia which make up the tympanic membrane (along with the fibrous layer)
tympanic epithelium
tympanic membrane epithelial layer
eyelid subcutaneous connective tissue
A eyelid connective tissue that is part of a hypodermis.
superficial fascia of eyelid
nephron tubule basement membrane
A basement membrane that is part of a nephron tubule.
kidney tubule basement membrane
renal tubular basement membrane
renal tubule basement membrane
bronchus basement membrane
A basement membrane that is part of a bronchus.
bronchial basement membrane
trachea basement membrane
A basement membrane that is part of a trachea.
midbrain nucleus
Nucleus located in the midbrain.
hindbrain nucleus
Nucleus located within the hindbrain.
telencephalic nucleus
A nucleus of brain that is part of a telencephalon.
gut mesentery
peritoneal cavity mesentary
peritoneal mesentary
early telencephalic vesicle
early telencephalic ventricle
early telencephalic vesicle
tooth row
Anatomical cluster consisting of adjacent teeth constituting a row.
dental arcade
row of teeth
tooth rows
set of lower jaw teeth
A tooth row that is part of a skeleton of lower jaw.
arcus dentalis inferior
lower dental arcade
lower jaw teeth
mandibular dental arcade
set of all lower teeth
epithelium of appendix
A epithelium that is part of a vermiform appendix.
appendix epithelium
epithelium of vermiform appendix
endocardium of right ventricle
Any endocardium that is part of the right ventricle of the heart.
endocardial lining of right ventricle
right ventricle endocardial tissue
right ventricle endocardium
right ventricular endocardium
endocardium of left ventricle
Any endocardium that is part of the left ventricle of the heart.
endocardial lining of left ventricle
left ventricle endocardial tissue
left ventricle endocardium
left ventricular endocardium
entire pharyngeal arch endoderm
pharyngeal arch endoderm
lymph node medullary sinus
The channels in the lymph node medulla that separate the medullary cords and are crossed by a reticulum of cells and fibers and bounded by littoral cells; lymph flows through the medullary sinus from the cortical sinuses and into the efferent lymphatic vessels
lymph node medullary sinusoid
medullary sinus
lymph node medullary cord
The dense rope-like structures of lymphatic tissue located between the medullary sinuses in the medulla of a lymph node
medullary cord
limb mesenchyme
The primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing limbs, autopods and digits, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to limb connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with myotome cells.
limb mesoderm
cardiac mesenchyme
The embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing cardiac structures
heart mesenchyme
pancreas mesenchyme
The embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing pancreas
adrenal gland cortex zone
adrenal cortical region
region of adrenal cortex
abdominal ganglion
A ganglion that is part of a abdominal segment of trunk.
renal tubule
A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis.
renal tubule (generic)
tubule of excretory system
pleural sac
A serous sac that has the pleura and the pleural cavity as parts.
glandular acinus
The many-lobed berry cluster of cells that is the terminous of a gland where the secretion is produced is acinar in form.
acini
acinus
prostate epithelial cord
A solid cord of prostate epithelium.
cord of prostate epithelium
epithelial cord of prostate
urogenital sinus mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that surrounds primitive urogenital sinus.
UGM
embryonic cloacal epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a embryonic cloaca.
cloacal epithelium
prostate field
A specific region of the urogenital sinus epithelium into the area in which the prostate gland will develop.
prostate primordium
digestive tract diverticulum
Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract.
diverticulum of gut
intestinal pouch
sac
diverticulum
pouch
endosteum
A thin layer of connective tissue that lines the surface of the bony tissue that forms the medullary cavity of long bones
zone of stomach
A division of the stomach. The stomach can be divided based on mucosal histology (glandular epithelium and gastric glands) and the relative position and type of gastric gland.
gastric zone
region of stomach
section of stomach
nephrogenic zone
nephrogenic tissue
outer portion of the renal cortex. Site of formation of medullary and cortical elements.
anterior lateral plate mesoderm
ALPM
anal column
One of a number of vertical folds, produced by an infolding of the mucous membrane and some of the muscular tissue in the upper half of the lumen of the anal canal[WP]
column of Morgagni
columnae anales
medullary ray
A renal, cortical lobule, consisting of the ascending or descending limbs of the loop of Henle or of the collecting tubules; medullary rays are regions where parallel arrays of straight tubules travel perpendicular to the capsule and extend from the cortex to the medulla.
Ferrein's pyramid
kidney medullary ray
renal medullary ray
secondary heart field
A specific region of the lateral mesoderm that will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, arterial pole (outflow tract) and venous pole (inflow tract).
SHF
anterior heart field
anterior/second heart field
second heart field
facial mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing face.
face mesenchyme
mesenchyme of face
lobule
lobulus
anatomical lobe
A portion of an organ, such as the liver, lung, breast, or brain.
lobus
renal lobe
The portion of a kidney consisting of a renal medullary pyramid and the renal cortex above it[MP]. It is composed of many renal lobules[WP].
kidney lobe
lobi renales
lobi renalis
lobus renalis
renal lobule
The portion of a renal lobe consisting of nephrons grouped around a single medullary ray and draining into a single collecting duct; human kidneys have multilobular, multipapillary architecture while mice and rats have unilobular, unipapillary kidneys
cortical lobule
cortical lobule of kidney
kidney lobule
lobuli corticales renis
lobulus corticalis renalis
lobulus renalis
renal cortical lobule
renculus
reniculus
renunculus
wall of ureter
An anatomical wall that is part of a ureter.
ureteral wall
retrotrapezoid nucleus
The loose collection of neurons that reside in the rostral medulla close to the medullary surface, ventral and immediately caudal of nVII, that are crucial for CO2 sensing in the brain
ureter smooth muscle
The smooth muscle tissue surrounding the epithelium of the ureter
ureteral smooth muscle
ureteral smooth muscle layer
optic neural crest
olfactory bulb plexiform layer
plexiform layer
vomeronasal system
A vertebrate nasal chemosensory system that is responsible for detecting intraspecific pheromonal cues as well as environmental odorants
neurogenic placode
Cranial ectodermal placode with potential to develop into a component of the nervous system, such as nerves or ganglia.
neurogenic placodes
placodae neurogenicae
internodal tract
A conducting pathway in the conducting tissue of heart through which electrical activity spreads from the SA node to the AV node.
interatrial conduction tract
internodal conduction tract
internodal fasciculus
internodal tract muscle tissue
spleen venous sinus
sinus lienalis
sinus splenicus
splenic sinus
venous sinus of red pulp of spleen
statoacoustic epithelium
stato-acoustic epithelium
epithelium of pancreatic duct
An epithelium that is part of a pancreatic duct.
pancreatic duct epithelium
pancreatic ductal epithelium
principal gastric gland
Wassman gland
acid gland
gastric follicle
gastric gland
glandula gastrica propria
main gastric gland
one of the gastric glands that secretes the hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice[Stedman's].
oxyntic gland
principal gland of fundus of stomach
ureteropelvic junction
The junction between the ureter and the renal pelvis of the kidney
pelviureteric junction
pelvoureteric junction
ureterovesical junction
The valve-like structure found at the site of entry of the ureter into the urinary bladder, normally displays an oblique angulation through the detrusor to avoid reflux of urine up the ureters and the kidney
vesico-ureteral junction
vesico-ureteric junction
vesicoureteric junction
multicellular anatomical structure
An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part.
multicellular structure
cell cluster organ
A small cluster of cells of various types which form a discrete structure, largely delimited by a morphological boundary and whose components work together to make the whole structure capable of a specific function.
aggregate regional part of brain
A regional part of brain consisting of multiple brain regions that are not related through a simple volummetric part of hierarchy, e.g., basal ganglia[NIF].
set of nuclei of neuraxis
collection of basal ganglia
Subcortical masses of gray matter in the forebrain and midbrain that are richly interconnected and so viewed as a functional system. The nuclei usually included are the caudate nucleus (caudoputamen in rodents), putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra (pars compacta and pars reticulata) and the subthalamic nucleus. Some also include the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum.
basal ganglia
basal ganglia set
basal nuclei
basal nuclei (basal ganglia)
cerebral nuclei
set of basal ganglia
set of basal nuclei
subcortical nuclei
6th arch mesenchyme
6th branchial arch mesenchyme
6th pharyngeal arch mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 6.
pharyngeal arch 6 mesenchyme
fundic gastric gland
The fundus glands (or fundic glands, or gastric glands) are found in the body and fundus of the stomach. They are simple tubes, two or more of which open into a single duct.
fundal gland
fundus gland
gastric fundal gland
gastric fundus gland
gastric gland of fundus of stomach
glandulae gastricae
food storage organ
An organ of the digestive tract that is capable of retaining and storing food
1st arch mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 1.
mesenchyme of 1st arch
1st arch maxillary mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a 1st arch maxillary component.
maxillary component mesenchyme
maxillary mesenchyme
mesenchyme of maxillary component
entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme
The sum total of mesenchymal tissue in the pharyngeal arch region. Pharyngeal mesenchyme is undifferentiated, loose connective tissue derived mostly from mesoderm, and also contains ectodermally derived neural crest cells.
associated mesenchyme of pharyngeal region
entire branchial arch associated mesenchyme
pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme
oral gland
Gland of the epithelium lining the oral cavity. The most common are the salivary glands.
buccal gland
gland of oral opening
gland of oral region
mouth gland
oral cavity gland
oral region gland
future tongue
A compound organ that has the potential to develop into a tongue.
hypoglossal cord
tympanic cavity epithelium
open anatomical space
An anatomical space with at least one opening to another space or the exterior.
outer epithelial layer of tympanic membrane
A portion of the external acoustic meatus epithelium which makes up the outer (cuticular) layer of the tympanic membrane
cuticular layer of tympanic membrane
cuticular stratum of tympanic membrane
outer cuticular layer of tympanic membrane
outer layer of tympanic membrane
tympanic membrane external acoustic meatus epithelial component
intermediate layer of tympanic membrane
The intermediate fibrous layer of the tympanic membrane.
connective tissue layer of tympanic membrane
fibrous layer of tympanic membrane
fibrous stratum of tympanic membrane
intermediate fibrous layer of tympanic membrane
tympanic endothelium
layer of tympanic membrane
tympanic membrane layer
chromaffin system
Organ system subdivision that consists primarily of chromaffin cells and their supporting structures.
argentaffin system
chromaffin tissue
cuboidal epithelium
An epithelium consisting of cuboidal epithelial cells.
future dermis
Mesenchyme that has the potential to develop into a dermis.
future hindbrain meninx
A multi-tissue structure that has the potential to develop into a meninx of hindbrain.
future hindbrain meninges
future metencephalon
A developing anatomical structure that has the potential to develop into a metencephalon.
future myelencephalon
A developing anatomical structure that has the potential to develop into a myelencephalon.
femur cartilage element
A femur endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue.
femoral cartilage condensation
embryonic autopod plate
The distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the autopod (e.g. manus, pes, paw)
autopod plate
limb plate
conducting tissue of heart
Any portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of the conducting system of heart or the Purkinje fibers.
specialized conducting tissue of heart
specialized muscle tissue of heart
neuroendocrine gland
any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and that release hormones in response to neural stimuli
secretory circumventricular organ
A circumventricular organ that is capable of secreting substances into the cerebrospinal fluid.
sensory circumventricular organ
A circumventricular organ that is capable of monitoring the levels of substances to the cerebrospinal fluid.
humerosensory circumventricular organ
humerosensory system
humerosensory system organ
sensitive circumventricular organs
sensitive organs
sensory CVOs
sensory circumventricular organs
primitive sex cord of indifferent gonad
A sex cord that is part of a indifferent gonad.
indifferent sex cord
primitive sex cords
male accessory sex gland
Any gland, other than the gonad, associated with the genital tract, such as the ampulla of the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral, prostate and vesicular glands of the male.
male accessory gland
male urethral gland
Littre's gland
any of the numerous small mucous-secreting glands located in the wall of the penile urethra
gland of Littre
gland of male urethra
glandulae urethrales urethrae masculinae
male urethra gland
urethral gland (male)
female urethral gland
An urethral gland that is part of a female urethra.
female urethra gland
gland of female urethra
urethral gland (female)
protuberance
A roughly circular bulge in a surface.
aortic system
genital artery
One of the laterally paired arteries that supply the gonads.
gonadal artery
lateral line
The lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear and between the eye and ear.
lateral lines
thalamic complex
A nuclear complex which in mammals consists of four parts, the hypothalamus, epithalamus, ventral thalamus, and dorsal thalamus[WP,modified].
future cardiac atrium
Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac atrium.
presumptive atrium heart tube
primordial atrium
primordial cardiac atrium
eyeball of camera-type eye
The core globe-shaped component of the camera-type eye.
bulbus oculi
eye
eye globe
eyeball
globe
stroma of thyroid gland
The connective tissue that supports the lobules and follicles of the thyroid gland.
thyroid gland stroma
thyroid stroma
merocrine gland
An exocrine gland whose secretions are excreted via exocytosis from secretory cells into an epithelial-walled duct or ducts and thence onto a bodily surface or into the lumen; the gland releases its product and no part of the gland is lost or damaged.
1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme.
1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme.
2nd arch mesenchyme from neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 2nd arch mesenchyme.
branchial arch 2 mesenchyme from neural crest
neural crest derived arch 2 mesenchyme
pharyngeal arch 2 mesenchyme from neural crest
6th arch mesenchyme from neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 6th arch mesenchyme.
branchial arch 6 mesenchyme from neural crest
neural crest derived arch 6 mesenchyme
pharyngeal arch 6 mesenchyme from neural crest
mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a rhombencephalon neural crest.
1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch mesenchyme.
branchial arch 1 mesenchyme from neural crest
mesenchyme derived from neural crest of mesenchyme of 1st arch
neural crest derived arch 1 mesenchyme
pharyngeal arch 1 mesenchyme from neural crest
umbilical blood vessel
One of the three blood vessels, usually one large umbilical vein and two small umbilical arteries, buried within Wharton's jelly, that transport blood to and from the placenta, where exchange between the mother and fetus takes place; the umbilical vein carries oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus, and the umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated, nutrient-depleted blood from the fetus to the placenta.
allantoic vessel
umbilical cord blood vessel
umbilical cord blood vessels
umbilical vasculature
umbilical vessel
space in vertebral column
Any anatomical space that is part of a vertebral column.
vertebral column opening
vertebral conduit
lacrimal punctum
A minute orifice on the summit of the papillae lacrimales, which is the commencement point of the lacrimal canaliculi.
lacrimal point
lacrimal puncta
puncta lacrimalia
midbrain basal plate
Portion of tissue that is dorsolateral to the floor plate and part of the midbrain.
basal plate midbrain
basal plate midbrain region
midbrain neural tube
Portion of neural tube that gives rise to the midbrain.
layer of sclera
.
scleral endothelium
An endothelium that is part of a sclera.
substantia propria of sclera
A stroma that is part of a sclera.
scleral stroma
stroma of sclera
subsantia propria
subsantia propria sclerae
substantia propria sclerae
amnioserosa
A single extraembryonic epithelium, which closes the germband dorsally.
amnion-serosa
extraembryonic epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a extraembryonic structure.
extra-embryonic epithelium
non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium, the cells of which synthesizes but does not accumulate keratin. Examples: epithelium of vagina, epithelium of wall of esophagus.
epithelium stratificatum squamosum noncornificatum
nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium
stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
stratified squamous nonkeratinizing epithelium
subdivision of conjunctiva
One of the three major regions of the conjunctiva.
conjunctiva region
region of conjunctiva
immature eye
Developing anatomical structure that develops into the eyeball and associated structures.
future eye
neural crest-derived structure
An anatomical structure that develops from the neural crest.
structure with developmental contribution from neural crest
An anatomical structure that has some part that develops from the neural crest.
germ layer / neural crest
skeletal element of eye region
A skeletal element that is part of a orbital region.
eye skeleton
ocular skeleton
skeletal element of orbital region
cranial skeletal system
Skeletal subdivision of the head including skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus.
cranial skeleton
cranium
osteocranium
limb bud mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a limb bud.
paired limb/fin bud mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a limb/fin bud.
eyelid mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing eyelid.
epithelium of handplate
An epithelium that is part of a handplate.
handplate epithelium
extraembryonic membrane mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a extraembryonic membrane.
mandibular process mesenchyme from neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a mandibular process mesenchyme.
mandibular process mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a mandibular process mesenchyme.
1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme.
1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme.
1st arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch mesenchyme.
mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm of mesenchyme of 1st arch
2nd arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 2nd arch mesenchyme.
branchial arch 2 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
head mesenchyme derived arch 2 mesenchyme
mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm of mesenchyme of 2nd arch
pharyngeal arch 2 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
6th arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 6th arch mesenchyme.
branchial arch 6 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
head mesenchyme derived arch 6 mesenchyme
pharyngeal arch 6 mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme.
arch mesenchyme from neural crest
branchial arch mesenchyme from neural crest
neural crest derived arch mesenchyme
pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme.
arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
branchial arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme
head mesenchyme derived arch mesenchyme
endochondral element
A skeletal element that has the potential to participate in endochondral ossification, and may participate in intramembranous ossification.
endochondral replacement element
dermal skeleton
Skeletal subdivision that undergoes direct development and includes elements that either develop in association with the basement membrane of the ectoderm or are homologous with such elements; includes dermatocranium, components of the appendicular skeleton, teeth and tooth-like elements of the oropharynx, and integumentary elements.
dermal skeletal system
dermoskeleton
desmoskeleton
exoskeleton
odontoid tissue
Skeletal tissue that is part of the exoskeleton and derived from an odontogenic papilla.
dental tissue
odontogenic tissue
portion of substance of tooth
substance of tooth
tooth hard tissue
tooth substance
tooth tissue
conjunctival vasculature
A vasculature that is part of a conjunctiva.
conjunctival veins
conjunctival veins set
set of conjunctival veins
venae conjunctivales
conjunctival vein
A vein that is part of a conjunctiva.
conjunctival blood vessel
pulmonary lobule
The smallest anatomical unit of the lung, measuring 0.50 to 2.00 cm in diameter. Each lobule is composed of 4-8 terminal bronchioles and their distal alveolar ducts and sacs. The lobules are separated by fibrous interlobular septa.
lobulus pulmonis
ecto-epithelium
Epithelium composed of cells that develops from the ectoderm[FMA,modified].
ectoderm-derived epithelium
pancreas dorsal primordium
dorsal pancreas
pancreas ventral primordium
ventral pancreas
mesenchyme from somatopleure
Mesenchyme that develops_from a somatopleure.
mesenchyme from splanchnopleure
Mesenchyme that develops_from a splanchnopleure.
enteric nerve
the neurons that innervate the esophagus, stomach, small and large bowel
Peyer's patch follicle
A lymphoid follicle that is part of a Peyer's patch.
peyer's patch follicle
lymph node primary follicle
An unstimulated network of follicular dendritic cells and small resting B cells in the lymph node cortex.
primary follicle of lymph node
ocular surface region
The integrated unit (of the eye) that consists of the conjunctiva, the corneal surface, and the ocular mucosal adnexa including the lid margins and the meibomian gland openings, the lacrimal glands and the lacrimal drainage system, all which are critical to maintain ocular surface integrity and provide protection from external antigens and pathogenic microorganisms.
eye surface
eye surface region
ocular surface
urethral opening
An orifice that is part of a lower urinary tract.
urethral orifice
primary nodular lymphoid tissue
A lymphoid follicle containing naive B cells
primary follicle
primary lymphoid follicle
primary lymphoid nodule
primary lymphoid nodule of tonsil
A primary nodular lymphoid tissue that is part of a tonsil.
lymphoid nodule of tonsil
internal naris
A naris that is located inside the nasal cavity and connects to the pharynx.
choana
choanae
internal choana
internal nares
internal nostril
ciliary processes
The ciliary processes are formed by the inward folding of the various layers of the choroid, i.e. , the choroid proper and the lamina basalis, and are received between corresponding foldings of the suspensory ligament of the lens.
ciliary process
ciliary processes
ciliary processes set
processus ciliares
processus ciliares
set of ciliary processes
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
A simple columnar epithelium that looks stratified but is not, because its cells are arranged with their nuclei at different levels.
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Epithelium composed of a single layer of cells, appearing as layered because the column-shaped cells vary in height so the nuclei are at different levels. The basal portions of all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane. It lines the respiratory system and the male reproductive tract. The cilia in the respiratory tract are motile, while the stereocilia in the male reproductive tract are immobile.
epithelium pseudostratificatum columnare ciliatum (trachea et bronchi)
electroreceptor organ
An organ that is capable of detecting electrical stimulus
electric sense organ
electroreception organ
microcirculatory vessel
A vessel of the microcirculature, lying between the arterioles and venules; includes capillaries (blood and lymphatic), metarterioles and arteriovenous anastomoses.
microcirculatory vessels
cavity of bone organ
An organ cavity that surrounded_by a bone.
bone organ cavity
pneumatic cavity of bone
air space of bone
metanephros induced blastemal cells
.
cap mesenchyme of metanephros of urinary system
induced blastemal cells
nephrogenic interstitium
nephrogenic interstitium of nephrogenic zone
peripheral blastema
primitive nephron
An epithelial tube that is fated to become a nephron.
developing nephron
future nephron
presumptive nephron
primitive nephron
metanephros cortex
The metanephric cortex is the outer region of the metanephros[GO].
primitive mesonephric nephron
Anatomical cluster which give rise to mature mesonephric nephrons. Zebrafish continously generate new mesonephric nephrons.
developing mesonephric nephron
primitive mesonephric nephron
primitive metanephric nephron
A primitive nephron that is part of a metanephros.
developing metanephric nephron
primitive metanephric nephron
primitive nephron
nephron progenitor
mesonephric nephron progenitor
Cluster of cells comprising a portion of tissue which gives rise to new mesonephric nephrons. The cluster contains self-renewing stem cells.
paired limb/fin segment
An appendage segment that is part of a limb/fin.
limb/fin segment
acropodial skeleton
The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the autopodium - i.e. the bones of the digits or their cartilaginous precursors[VSAO,modified].
acropodial skeleton
acropodium
acropodium skeleton
digital skeleton
digits skeleton
phalangeal skeleton
set of phalanges
skeletal parts of acropodial region
skeletal parts of acropodium
skeleton of digits
pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit mesenchyme.
foot digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
foot phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
hind limb digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
hindlimb phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
pes phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit mesenchyme.
fore limb digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
forelimb phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
hand digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
hand phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
manus phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
pedal digit phalanx cartilage element
A cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit mesenchyme.
foot digit phalanx cartilage element
hind limb digit phalanx cartilage condensation
manual digit phalanx cartilage element
A cartilage element that is part of a manual digit mesenchyme.
fore limb digit phalanx cartilage condensation
hand digit phalanx cartilage condensation
skeleton of manual acropodium
The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the manual autopodium - i.e. the bones of the hands or their cartilaginous precursors[VSAO,modified].
all phalanges in forelimb autopod
anterior acropodium
anterior acropodium skeleton
fore acropodium skeleton
hand digit skeleton
manual digit skeleton
manual phalanges
phalanges of hand
phalanges of manus
set of manual phalanges
set of phalanges of hand
set of phalanges of manus
skeleton of pedal acropodium
The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the pedal autopodium - i.e. the bones of the foot or their cartilaginous precursors[cjm].
all phalanges in hindlimb autopod
foot digit skeleton
hind acropodium skeleton
pedal phalanges
phalanges of foot
phalanges of pes
posterior acropodium
posterior acropodium skeleton
set of pedal phalanges
set of phalanges of foot
set of phalanges of pes
phalanx pre-cartilage condensation
phalanx cartilage element
phalanx cartilage condensation
digit mesenchyme
Mesenchyme of the digit region.
digital ray
forelimb zeugopod skeleton
The collection of all skeletal elements in an forelimb zeugopod region.
antebrachial skeleton
antebrachium skeleton
anterior zeugopodium
anterior zeugopodium skeleton
fore epipodium
fore epipodium skeleton
forearm skeleton
forelimb epipodium
forelimb epipodium skeleton
mesomere 2 of pectoral appendage
radius and ulna
skeleton of forearm
wing zeugopod skeleton
appendage girdle complex
An organism subdivision that includes both an appendage and its associated girdle region. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc).
appendage complex
appendage-girdle complex
appendage/girdle complex
girdle plus limb or fin
limb
pectoral complex
Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pectoral appendicular skeleton and the pectoral girdle.
pectoral appendage/girdle complex
pectoral girdle plus anterior limb or fin
pectoral girdle plus pectoral limb or fin
upper limb
upper limb and pectoral girdle
upper limb and shoulder
pelvic complex
Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pelvic appendicular skeleton and the pelvic girdle.
lower limb
lower limb and pelvic girdle
lower limb and pelvis
pelvic appendage/girdle complex
pelvic girdle plus pelvic limb or fin
pelvic girdle plus posterior limb or fin
limb skeleton subdivision
Skeletal subdivision that is a segment of the limb skeleton.
girdle skeleton
The subdivision of the skeleton of either the pectoral or pelvic girdle.
skeleton of girdle
hindlimb zeugopod skeleton
Subdivision of skeleton consisting of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb zeugopod region. Typically consists of the tibia and the fibula.
crural skeleton
crus skeleton
hind epipodium
hindlimb epipodium
hindlimb zygopod skeleton
mesomere 2 of pelvic appendage
posterior zeugopodium
posterior zeugopodium skeleton
skeleton cruris
bone of appendage girdle complex
A bone that is part of an appendage girdle complex (i.e. any bone in a limb, fin or girdle).
bone of extended limb/fin region
limb bone
bone of pectoral complex
A bone that is part of a pectoral complex. Examples: scapula, manus phalanx, any carpal bone, any bone of the pectoral fin.
bone of forelimb or pectoral fin or pectoral girdle
forelimb bone
wing bone
bone of pelvic complex
A bone that is part of a pelvic complex. Examples: pubis, ischium, fot phalanx, any tarsal bone, any bone of the pelvic fin or girdle.
hindlimb bone
meningeal cluster
The collection of all meningeal layers that line a central nervous system.
cerebral meninges
cluster of meninges
meninges
lymph node follicle
A lymphoid follicle that is part of a lymph node.
follicle of lymph node
lymph node secondary follicle
A secondary follicle that is located in a lymph node
germinal center
A collection of activated B cells at the center of a secondary follicle, formed after B cells become activated and migrate to the center.
central zone of follice
light zone of follicle
lymhpoid nodule
nodule
reaction center of follicle
subdivision of organism along appendicular axis
A major subdivision of an organism that divides an organism along an axis perpedicular to the main body anterior-posterior axis. In vertebrates, this is typically a fin or limb segment. In insects, this includes segments of appendages such as antennae, as well as segments of the insect leg.
appendage segment
appendicular segment
tibia cartilage element
A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a tibia.
tibia pre-cartilage condensation
A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a tibia.
limb cartilage element
A skeletal element that is part of a limb and composed of cartilage tissue.
limb bone pre-cartilage condensation
A skeletal element that is part of a limb and composed of pre-cartilage tissue.
forelimb cartilage element
A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a forelimb bone.
forelimb wing cartilaginous condensation
wing cartilaginous condensation
forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation
A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a forelimb bone.
wing bone pre-cartilage condensation
hindlimb cartilage element
A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a hindlimb bone.
hindlimb cartilage condensation
hindlimb pre-cartilage condensation
A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a hindlimb bone.
hindlimb pre-cartilage condensation
pelvic complex muscle
Muscles of the pelvic girdle, hindlimb or pelvic fin.
lower limb muscle
muscle of lower limb
muscle of pelvic girdle and leg
pelvic girdle and hind limb muscles
pelvic girdle or hind limb muscle
pelvic girdle or posterior limb muscle
pectoral complex muscle
A muscle of a pectoral girdle, pectoral fin or anterior limb.
muscle of pectoral girdle and limb
muscle of pectoral girdle and wing
muscle of upper limb
pectoral girdle and fore limb muscles
upper limb muscle
synchronous hermaphroditic organism
Hermaphroditic organism that produces both male and female gametes at the same time.
serially hermaphroditic organism
simultaneous hermaphroditic organism
ossicle
Skeletal element that is often isolated, small, and variable in composition.
subdivision of skeleton
Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements (i.e. bone elements, cartilage elements, cartilage condensations) that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism. Excludes joints.
skeletal subdivision
subdivision of skeleton (in vivo)
vertebral element
Skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column.
vertebra element
vertebra endochondral element
vertebra skeletal element
vertebral endochondral element
craniocervical muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of either the head or the neck.
muscle of head and neck
muscle of head or neck
articular cartilage of joint
A thin layer of cartilage, usually hyaline, on the articular surface of bones in synovial joints.
articular cartilage
cartilago articularis
hyaline cartilage
joint-associated cartilage
ligament of knee joint
A ligament that is part of a knee joint.
knee joint ligament
vertebra cartilage element
The cartilaginous form of a vertebral element, a skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column.
vertebral cartilage condensation
vertebra pre-cartilage condensation
The pre-cartilaginous form of a vertebral element, a skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column.
vertebral pre-cartilage condensation
synovial joint of pelvic girdle
A synovial joint that is part of a pelvic girdle region.
joint of pelvic girdle
pelvic girdle joint
synovial joint of pectoral girdle
A synovial joint that is part of a pectoral girdle region.
joint of shoulder girdle
pectoral girdle joint
nonsynovial joint
Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments or fibrocartilage without an intervening synovial cavity. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, costochondral joint, pubic symphysis.
solid joint
intervertebral cartilage
A cartilage element that lies between two successive vertebral centra.
axial skeletal system
Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the axial skeleton plus associated joints.
postcranial axial skeletal system
Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the postcranial axial skeleton plus associated joints.
axial skeletal system
post-cranial axial skeletal system
synovial limb joint
Any synovial joint that is part of a (free) limb.
synovial joint of free limb segment
appendicular ossicle
Ossicle that is part of the appendicular skeleton.
ossicle of appendicular skeleton
upper urinary tract
Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the kidney and the ureters.
submucosal gland
Gland of the lamina epithelialis mucosae which perforate the lamina muscularis, with their adenomeres located in the submucosal connective tissue.
facial skeleton
Subdivision of skull that consists of the facial bones.
facial bone
facial skeleton
ossa facialia
ossa faciei
viscerocranium
primary subdivision of skull
The skull can be divided into two: the neurocranium and the facial skeleton
skull subdivision
subdivision of skull
primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system
neurocranium bone
A bone that is part of a neurocranium [Automatically generated definition].
chondrocranium bone
epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn
An epithelium that is part of a crypt of Lieberkuhn.
crypt epithelium
intestinal crypt epithelium
gastrointestinal sphincter
A sphincter muscle that is part of the gastrointestinal system
lamina propria of large intestine
A lamina propria that is part of a large intestine.
lamina propria of mucosa of large intestine
large intestinal lamina propria
large intestine lamina propria
parathyroid epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a parathyroid gland.
muscle layer of large intestine
A muscle layer that is part of a large intestine.
muscular coat of large intestine
muscular layer of large intestine
muscularis externa of large intestine
tunica muscularis intestini crassi
muscle layer of small intestine
A muscle layer that is part of a small intestine.
muscular coat of small intestine
muscular layer of small intestine
muscularis externa of small intestine
small intestine muscularis propria
tunica muscularis (intestinum tenue)
tunica muscularis intestini tenuis
central nervous system cell part cluster
A multi cell part structure that is part of a central nervous system.
cell part cluster of neuraxis
neuraxis layer
organ system subdivision
A subdivision of an anatomical system.
intra-ocular muscle
intrinsic muscle of eyeball
intrinsic ocular muscle
appendicular skeletal system
Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the appendicular skeleton plus associated joints.
autopod bone
A bone that is part of a autopod region. Note that this incudes the carpal and tarsal bones.
scent gland
Scent glands are exocrine glands found in most mammals. They produce semi-viscous secretions which contain pheromones and other semiochemical compounds. These odor-messengers indicate information such as status, territory marking, mood, and sexual power. The odor may be subliminal-not consciously detectable. Though it is not their primary function, the salivary glands may also function as scent glands in some animals.
dorsal trunk
The part of the trunk that is in the dorsum[cjm].
back of trunk
dorsal part of trunk
dorsum of trunk
trunk back
embryonic skin basal layer
basal cell layer of skin
outer epithelium of body
submucosa of uterine tube
The submucous layer of the wall of the uterine tube.
submucosa of fallopian tube
submucous layer of uterine tube
tela submucosa tubae uterinae
uterine submucosa
white matter of telencephalon
A partion of white matter that is part of a telencephalon. This can be further subdivided in some species, for example, into hemisphere white matter and the corpus callosum.
predominantly white regional part of telencephalon
telencephalic tract/commissure
telencephalic tracts
telencephalic white matter
gray matter of telencephalon
A portion of gray matter that is part of a telencephalon.
predominantly gray regional part of telencephalon
extrinsic tongue pre-muscle mass
cranial blood vasculature
A blood vasculature that is part of a head.
cranial blood vessel
cranial blood vessels
set of blood vessels of head
cranial lymph vasculature
A lymph vasculature that is part of a head.
cranial lymph vessel
cranial lymph vessels
cranial lymphatics
set of cranial lymphatic vessels
set of lymphatic vessels of head
prepuce
A retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the glans penis or clitoris. Glands may also be present.
paired limb/fin skeleton
The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb or fin.
limb/fin skeleton
skeletal parts of limb/fin
skeleton of limb/fin
zeugopodial skeleton
Section of the forelimb skeleton located between the stylopodium and the autopodium.
epipodial skeleton
epipodium
mesomere 2
mesomere 2 skeleton
skeleton of zeugopod
zeugopod skeleton
zygopodium
cell condensation
Anatomical structure that is an aggregation of similar cells from which cartilages and bones form, and from which chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are initiated during repair and/or regeneration. (Hall and Miyake 1995).
pre-dentine
Odontogenic tissue that is collagen-rich and characteristic of vertebrate teeth and tooth-like structures (e.g., odontodes) deposited by preodontoblasts and odontoblasts that are typically excluded from the matrix.
pre-dentine tissue
predentin
predentine tissue
pre-enamel
Odontogenic tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by preameloblast and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix.
pre-enamel tissue
preenamel tissue
jaw region
A subdivision of the head that corresponds to the jaw skeleton, containing both soft tissue, skeleton and teeth (when present). The jaw region is divided into upper and lower regions.
gingiva of lower jaw
A gingiva that is part of a lower jaw region.
gum of lower jaw
gum of mandible
lower gingiva
lower gum
lower jaw gingiva
lower jaw gum
mandibular gum
oral epithelium from ectoderm
An epithelium that develops_from a ectoderm and is part of a oral epithelium.
subdivision of organism along main body axis
A major subdivision of an organism that divides an organism along its main body axis (typically anterio-posterior axis). In vertebrates, this is based on the vertebral column.
axial subdivision of organism
body segment
main body segment
embryonic cardiovascular system
A cardiovascular system that is part of a conceptus.
conceptus cardiovascular system
embryonic circulatory system
fetal circulatory system
nucleus of spinal cord
A neural nucleus that is part of the spinal cord.
spinal cord nucleus
nerve of head region
A nerve that is part of a head.
cephalic nerve
head nerve
non-neurogenic ectodermal placode
Ectodermal placode that does not develop into a component of the nervous system.
skin appendage placode
An ectodermal placode that gives rise to any of the cutaneous appendages that protrude from the skin epidermis (heair, feathers, epidermal scales).
cutaneous appendage follicle placode
skin follicle placode
atrioventricular region
AV region
AV segment
An anatomical junction that divides and overlaps with and atrium and a ventricle in the heart.
atrial ventricular junction
atrioventricular junction
atrioventricular segment
irregular connective tissue
Connective tissue, which consists of a population of connective tissue cells, the intercellular matrix of which contains an irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, mucoid tissue, connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium.
dense irregular connective tissue
Irregular connective tissue is an irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a dense irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium.
irregular dense connective tissue
typus irregularis (textus connectivus collagenosus compactus)
dense connective tissue
Dense connective tissue is mainly composed of collagen type I. Crowded between the collagen fibers are rows of fibroblasts, fiber-forming cells, that manufacture the fibers. Dense connective tissue forms strong, rope-like structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones; ligaments connect bones to bones at joints. Ligaments are more stretchy and contain more elastic fibers than tendons. Dense connective tissue also make up the lower layers of the skin (dermis), where it is arranged in sheets
loose connective tissue
Irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a sparse irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, neuroglial tissue, mucoid tissue.
textus connectivus collagenosus laxus
textus connectivus laxus
duct of sebaceous gland
A duct that is part of a sebaceous gland.
sebaceous gland duct
acinus of sebaceous gland
An acinus that is part of a sebaceous gland.
sebaceous gland acinus
acinus of salivary gland
An acinus that is part of a salivary gland.
salivary gland acinus
acinus of lactiferous gland
An acinus that is part of a mammary gland.
lactiferous gland acinus
acinus of lacrimal gland
An acinus that is part of a lacrimal gland.
lacrimal gland acinus
acinus of exocrine gland
An acinus that is part of a exocrine gland.
exocrine gland acinus
collection of collagen fibrils
aorta collagen fibril
The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of aorta tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity
pulmonary collagen fibril
The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of pulmonary tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity
bone collagen fibril
The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of bone tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity
tendon collagen fibril
The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of tendon tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity
corneal stroma collagen fibril
The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of corneal stroma that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity
muscle layer of esophagus
A muscle layer that is part of a wall of esophagus.
muscle coat of esophagus
muscular coat of oesophagus
muscular layer of oesophagus
tela muscularis (oesophagus)
tunica muscularis esophagi
tunica muscularis oesophageae
anterior uvea
Front (ventral) portion of the vascular, pigmentary, or middle coat of the eye, including the ciliary body and the iris.
Haller tunica vascula
anterior part of uveal tract
anterior uveal tract
anterior vascular layer of the eyeball
anterior vascular tunic of the eye
ciliary body and iris
tunica vasculosa bulbosa
vasculosa oculi
ventral uveal tract
lumen of vagina
A organ cavity that is part of a vagina.
vaginal lumen
yolk sac blood island
masses of developing blood cells attached to endothelium in the yolk sac
visceral yolk sac blood island
yolk sac blood islands
connecting stalk blood islands
blood island of umbilical vesicle
insula sanguinea vesiculae umbilicalis
cochlear basement membrane
The the continuous basement membrane found within the membranous labyrinth of the cochlea, known to extend from the limbus, down to the inner sulcus, across the basilar membrane, up to the external sulcus to the spiral prominence and radiating into the spiral ligament ensheathing the root cell processes
basement membrane of cochlear labyrinth
cochlea basement membrane
pilosebaceous unit
An epidermal invagination that has as parts a hair follicle, a sebaceous gland, and arrector pili muscle
fabrica pilosebacea
pilo-sebaceous apparatus
pilo-sebaceous unit
pilosebaceous apparatus
pilosebaceous gland
stomach glandular region
A region of the stomach that is lined with glandular epithelium.
glandular stomach
coelom
The aggregate of the coelemic cavity lumen plus the membranes that line the lumen.
coelem
coelomic cavity
enterocoelom
haemocoelom
schizocoelom
epithelium-associated lymphoid tissue
ingested food
A substance that is consumed by the organism for food.
segment of autopod
digitopodium region
A segment of the autopod consisting of both acropodial region and metapodial region, but excluding the mesopodial/basopodial region.
acropodium (Wagner)
manual digitopodium region
A digitopodium region that is part of a manus[Obol]. This includes the fingers and metacarpal region, but excludes the carpal region.
pedal digitopodium region
A digitopodium region that is part of a pes[Obol]. This includes the toes and metatarsal region, but excludes the tarsals region.
skeleton of digitopodium
A subdivision of the autopod skeleton consisting of both acropodial skeleon and metapodial skeleton, but excluding the mesopodial/basopodial skeleton.
digitopodium
skeleton of digits
skeleton of manual digitopodium
A subdivision of the manus skeleton consisting of both manual acropodial skeleton and metacarpal skeleton, but excluding the carpal skeleton.
manual digitopodium
skeleton of pedal digitopodium
A subdivision of the pes skeleton consisting of both pedal acropodial skeleton and metatarsal skeleton, but excluding the tarsal skeleton.
pedal digitopodium
acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex
acousticofacial ganglion
facio-acoustic VII-VIII ganglion complex
facio-acoustic ganglion
facio-acoustic ganglion complex
facio-acoustic ganglion complex VII-VIII
head or neck skin
A zone of skin that is part of a craniocervical region.
urinary bladder vasculature
bladder vasculature
blood vessel of bladder
blood vessels of bladder
network of tubes that carries blood through the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys[MP]
set of urinary bladder blood vessels
cervical gland
glandulae cervicales
mucus-secreting glands in the mucosa of the uterine cervix
cervical mucosa
Lining of the head of the uterus (cervix); contains large branched glands; does not undergo sloughing.
cervix glandular epithelium
A glandular epithelium that is part of a uterine cervix.
cervix columnar epithelium
endocervical epithelium
The glandular epithelium that lines the endocervix.
endocervical glandular epithelium
abdominal aorta artery
An artery that originates from the abdominal aorta
abdominal artery
artery of abdomen
columnar epithelium
An epithelium that consists of columnar epithelial cells. Columnar epithelia are epithelial cells whose heights are at least four times their width. Columnar epithelia are divided into simple (or unilayered), and the rarer stratified (or multi-layered).[WP, modified]
meso-epithelium
Epithelium that derives from the mesoderm. [Automatically generated definition].
mesoderm-derived epithelium
mesoepithelium
endometrium glandular epithelium
glandular part of endometrium
uterine glands
uterine glands set
gland of nasal mucosa
The nasal glands are the seromucous glands in the respiratory region of the nasal mucous membrane. The three major types of nasal glands are anterior serous glands, seromucous glands, and Bowman glands.
glandula nasalis
glandulae nasales
nasal gland
chromaffin paraganglion
Small bodies containing chromaffin cells occurring outside of the adrenal medulla, most commonly near the sympathetic ganglia and in organs such as the kidney, liver, heart and gonads.
chromaffin body
chromaffin paraganglia
chromaffin paraganglion
paraganglion
perianal sebaceous gland
A holocrine gland that is part of the pilosebaceous unit of a hair located in the area around the anus.
circumanal gland
perianal gland
embryonic cloacal fold
One of the pair of mesenchymal swellings (folds) located on either side of the cloacal membrane during the indifferent stage of embryonic development; cranial to the cloacal membrane the folds unite to form the genital tubercle; caudally the folds are subdivided into urogenital folds anteriorly and anal folds posteriorly
cloacal fold
mucosa of urethra
A mucosa that is part of a urethra.
mucous membrane of urethra
tunica mucosa urethrae
urethral mucosa
1st arch maxillary ectoderm
ectoderm of maxillary component
embryonic facial prominence
One of five swellings formed during the development of the face
embryonic facial process
facial primordium
primordium of face
vagina orifice
The vaginal orifice is a median slit below and behind the opening of the urethra; its size varies inversely with that of the hymen.
introitus
introitus of vagina
orifice of vagina
ostium vaginae
vaginal introitus
vaginal opening
vaginal orifice
cervical artery
An artery of the neck
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium, the cells of which synthesize and accumulate keratin.
epithelium stratificatum squamosum cornificatum
nasal-associated lymphoid tissue
NALT
The lymphocytic cell population present in the mucosa of the nasopharyngeal duct of some animals.
naso-pharyngeal lymphoid tissue
broad ligament of uterus
A broad fold of peritoneum that extends from the side of the uterus to the wall of the pelvis.
broad ligament
broad uterine ligament
ligamentum latum uteri
perianal skin
A zone of skin that is part of the area surrounding the anus.
skin of perianal area
holocrine gland
any exocrine gland whose secretion consists of its own disintegrated secretory cells along with its secretory product; holocrine secretions are produced in the cytoplasm of the cell and released by the rupture of the plasma membrane, which destroys the cell and results in the secretion of the product into the lumen.
acropodium region
The segment of the autopod that is distal to the metapodial region and consists of the digits.
acropodial limb segment
acropodial region
acropodial segment of autopod
set of digits
manual acropodium region
The segment of the manus that is distal to the metacarpal region and consists of the manual digits (fingers).
acropodial hindlimb segment
acropodial region of manus
acropodial segment of manus
all fingers
anterior acropodium
anterior acropodium region
anterior acropodium segment of limb
digiti manus
digits of hand
fingers including thumb
fingers set
manual acropodium
manual acropodium region
manual acropodium segment of limb
set of digits of hand
set of fingers
pedal acropodium region
The segment of the pes that is distal to the metatarsal region and consists of the pedal digits (toes).
acropodial forelimb segment
acropodial region of pes
acropodial segment of pes
all toes
digits of foot
pedal acropodium region
set of toes
toes
toes set
digitopodium bone
A bone that is part of a the digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the acropodial skeleton or the metapodial skeleton.
digit bone
manual digitopodium bone
A bone that is part of a the manual digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the fingers or the metacarpal skeleton.
bone of forelimb digitopodium
pedal digitopodium bone
A bone that is part of a the pedal digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the toes or the metatarsal skeleton.
bone of hindlimb digitopodium
bone of jaw
A bone element that is part of a jaw region.
jaw bone
internal anal region
muscle layer of intestine
A muscle layer that is part of an intestine.
intestinal muscularis propria
muscularis externa of intestine
smooth muscle of intestine
muscle layer of jejunum
A muscular coat that is part of a jejunum.
jejunal smooth muscle
muscularis externa of jejunum
muscularis propria of jejunum
smooth muscle of jejunum
muscle layer of urinary bladder
A muscular coat that is part of a urinary bladder.
bladder muscular coat
muscle layer of urinary bladder
muscular coat of bladder
muscular coat of urinary bladder
muscular layer of bladder
muscular layer of urinary bladder
tunica musculari vesicae
tunica muscularis (vesica urinaria)
respiratory system arterial smooth muscle
respiratory system venous smooth muscle
A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory system venous blood vessel.
layer of microvilli
A layer of microvilli, Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments[GO,modified]
microvilli
microvillus
striated border microvillus layer
A microvillus layer that is striated and found in the intestine.
striated border
hematopoietic tissue
Blood-forming tissue, consisting of reticular fibers and cells.
bone marrow tissue
haemopoietic tissue
hematopoietic tissue
hemopoietic tissue
textus haemopoieticus
tunica fibrosa of eyeball
The sclera and cornea form the fibrous tunic of the bulb of the eye; the sclera is opaque, and constitutes the posterior five-sixths of the tunic; the cornea is transparent, and forms the anterior sixth.
corneosclera
fibrous layer of eyeball
fibrous tunic
tunica fibrosa
endothelium of peritubular capillary
A endothelium that is part of a peritubular capillary.
peritubular capillary endothelium
peritubular endothelium
cloacal vent
The opening of the cloacal chamber to the outside of the organism. Birds maintain a single cloacal opening throughout their lives.
cloacal opening
cloacal orifice
vent
enclosed anatomical space
An anatomical space with no opening to another space or to the exterior.
closed anatomical space
anal tooth
Triangular calcified papillae (often five) placed radially around the anus of some Holothuriidae
anal teeth
calcified anal papilla
cloacal tooth
perianal tooth
external anal region
skeleton of pectoral complex
The collection of all skeletal elements in a pectoral complex - i.e. the combination of free limb or fin plus pectoral girdle.
bones of upper limb
ossa membri superioris
pectoral complex skeleton
set of bones of upper limb
skeleton of anterior limb/fin and girdle
upper limb skeleton
skeleton of pelvic complex
The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic complex - i.e. the combination of free limb or fin plus pelvic girdle.
bones of lower limb
lower limb skeleton
ossa membri inferioris
pelvic complex skeleton
set of bones of lower limb
skeleton of posterior limb/fin and girdle
cloacal gland
A gland that is part of a cloaca.
cloacal mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a cloaca [Automatically generated definition].
cloaca mucosa
cloaca mucosa of organ
cloaca mucous membrane
cloaca organ mucosa
cloacal mucous membrane
mucosa of cloaca
mucosa of organ of cloaca
mucous membrane of cloaca
organ mucosa of cloaca
cloacal epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a cloaca.
cloacal endoderm
submucosa of cloaca
A submucosa that is part of a cloaca [Automatically generated definition].
cloaca submucosa
cloacal submucosa
serosa of cloaca
A serous membrane that is part of a cloaca [Automatically generated definition].
cloaca serosa
cloaca serous membrane
cloacal serosa
serous membrane of cloaca
visceral peritoneum of cloaca
cloacal villus
cloacal villi
muscle layer of cloaca
A muscular coat that is part of a cloaca.
muscularis externa of cloaca
smooth muscle of cloaca
vaginal sphincter
A sphincter muscle that is part of a vagina.
sphincter of vagina
muscle layer of duodenum
A muscular coat that is part of a duodenum.
duodenal muscularis propria
muscularis externa of duodenum
muscularis propria of duodenum
smooth muscle of duodenum
muscle layer of colon
A muscular coat that is part of a colon.
colon muscularis
colonic muscularis propria
muscular coat of colon
muscular layer of colon
muscularis externa of colon
tunica muscularis coli
muscle layer of anal canal
A muscular coat that is part of a anal canal.
anal canal muscularis propria
anal muscularis propria
muscular coat of anal canal
muscular layer of anal canal
muscularis externa of anal canal
muscularis propria of anal canal
serosa of appendix
A serous membrane that is part of a vermiform appendix.
appendiceal serosa
appendix serosa
serosa of vermiform appendix
visceral peritoneum of vermiform appendix
serosa of uterine tube
A serous membrane that is part of a fallopian tube.
serosa of fallopian tube
serosa of oviduct
serous coat of uterine tube
tunica serosa (tuba uterina)
tunica serosa tubae uterinae
uterine tubal serosa
uterine tube serosa
serosa of fundus of stomach
A serous membrane that is part of a fundus of stomach.
visceral peritoneum of fundus of stomach
adventitia of esophagus
A adventitia that is part of a esophagus.
adventitia of oesophagus
adventitious layer of esophagus
esophageal adventitia
esophagus adventitia
tunica adventitia (esophagus)
tunica adventitia oesophageae
umbilical smooth muscle
A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a umbilical cord.
gastroduodenal junction
A anatomical junction that connects a stomach and connects a duodenum.
mucosa of gastroduodenal junction
A mucosa that is part of a gastroduodenal junction.
gastroduodenal mucosa
vein of abdomen
A vein that is part of a abdomen.
abdominal vein
ligament of liver
A nonskeletal ligament that is part of a liver.
hepatic ligament
liver ligament
systemic vein
Any vein within the general circulation that transports blood back to the right atrium of the heart.
systemic venous tree organ part
hindbrain vesicle
rhombencephalic vesicle
future brain vesicle
brain vesicle
early brain vesicle
primary brain vesicle
primitive brain vesicle
secondary brain vesicle
foregut-midgut junction gland
A gland that is part of a foregut-midgut junction.
gland of foregut-midgut junction
ovarian cortex
cortex of ovary
cortex ovarii (zona parenchymatosa)
the layer of the ovarian stroma lying immediately beneath the tunica albuginea, composed of connective tissue cells and fibers, among which are scattered primary and secondary (antral) follicles in various stages of development; the cortex varies in thickness according to the age of the individual, becoming thinner with advancing years; included in the follicles are the cumulus oophorus, membrana granulosa (and the granulosa cells inside it), corona radiata, zona pellucida, and primary oocyte; the zona pellucida, theca of follicle, antrum and liquor folliculi are also contained in the follicle; also in the cortex is the corpus luteum derived from the follicles.
ovarian medulla
highly vascular stroma found in the center of the ovary that forms from embryonic mesenchyme and contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves; this stroma forms the tissue of the hilum by which the ovarian ligament is attached, and through which the blood vessels enter; it does not contain any ovarian follicles.
medulla of ovary
medulla ovarii (zona vasculosa)
zona vasculosa of Waldeyer
sweat gland of eyelid
Glands of Moll, also known as ciliary glands, are modified apocrine sweat glands that are found on the margin of the eyelid. They are next to the base of the eyelashes, and anterior to the Meibomian glands within the distal eyelid margin. These glands are relatively large and tubular-shaped. The glands of Moll are named after Dutch oculist Jacob Anton Moll (1832-1914). Glands of Moll empty into the adjacent lashes. Glands of Moll and Zeis secrete lipid that adds to the superficial layer of the tear film, retarding evaporation. The glands of Moll are prone to infection and blockage of its duct with sebum and cell debris. Blockage of the gland's duct causes swelling which can manifest itself as a stye.
Moll's gland
ciliary gland
ciliary gland of moll
ciliary sweat gland of eyelid
gland of Moll
eyelid gland
Any gland that is part of an eyelid. This includes sebaceous glands (Zeis gland, tarsal gland) and sweat glands (Moll's gland).
gland of eyelid
sebaceous gland of eyelid
Any of the sebaceous glands that are in the eyelid. Examples: gland of Zeis (services eyelashes), gland of Meibom (tarsal gland - unconnected to eyelids).
serous acinus
The secretory unit of a serous gland. The acinar portion is composed of serous secreting cells.
acinus of serous gland
embryonic urethral groove
The precursor of the urethra
sulcus urethralis primarius
urethral groove
urethral sulcus
male paramesonephric duct
A epithelial tube that develops from a Mullerian duct in a male. Later degenerates.
degenerating mesonephric portion of male paramesonephric duct
diaphysis of tibia
A diaphysis that is part of a tibia.
body of the tibia
body of tibia
corpus tibiae
shaft of tibia
shaft of tibia
tibial diaphysis
choroidal gland
A gland that is part of a optic choroid.
cecal tonsil
A thickened round patch of lymphoid tissue located at the ileocecal junction adjacent to the sacculus rotundus.
caecal tonsil
cecal GALT
lung endothelium
A blood vessel endothelium that is part of a lung [Automatically generated definition].
respiratory endothelium
crypt of Lieberkuhn of ileum
An intestinal crypt that is located in the ileum.
ileal crypt
ileal crypt of Lieberkuhn
ileal intestinal crypt
crypt of Lieberkuhn of duodenum
An intestinal crypt that is located in the duodenum.
duodenal crypt
duodenal crypt of Lieberkuhn
crypt of Lieberkuhn of jejunum
An intestinal crypt that is located in the jejunum.
jejunal crypt
jejunal crypt of Lieberkuhn
crypt of Lieberkuhn of colon
An intestinal crypt that is located in the colon. The colonic crypts of Lieberkühn are straight and unbranched and lined largely with goblet cells.
colonic crypt
colonic crypt of Lieberkuhn
crypt of Lieberkuhn of appendix
An intestinal crypt that is located in the appendix.
appendiceal crypt
appendiceal crypt of Lieberkuhn
cloacal sphincter
A sphincter muscle that is part of a cloaca.
sphincter cloacae
space surrounding organism
The space that surrounds an organism.
external to organism
outside of body
subdivision of oviduct
A section through the tube or network of tubes that connects the ovaries to the outside of the body.
subdivision of fallopian tube
subdivision of oviduct
subdivision of uterine tube
uterine tube zone
zone of uterine tube
subdivision of tube
otocyst lumen
A anatomical cavity that is part of a ear vesicle.
lumen of otocyst
sesamoid element
Ossicle that develops within bands of dense, regular connective tissue (e.g., tendons and ligaments). Sesamoids are generally located proximate to a bony prominence, over which the dense regular connective tissue wraps, and/or a joint or articulation.
sesamoid
epithelium of intestinal villus
A epithelium that is part of a intestinal villus.
intestinal villus epithelium
villous epithelium
villus epithelium
foramen of skull
Anatomical space that is an opening in a bone of the skull.
cranial conduit
cranial foramen
foramen of skull
foramina of the skull
tonsil germinal center
A germinal center that is part of a tonsil.
tonsil reaction center
appendix lymphoid tissue
Lymphoid tissue located in the appendix.
appendix lymphoid
lymphatic tissue of appendix
lymphatic tissue of vermiform appendix
brain endothelium
Vascular endothelium found in blood vessels of the blood-brain-barrier.
cerebromicrovascular endothelium
colon endothelium
Vascular endothelium found in colon blood vessels.
colon endothelial cell
colon endothelial cells
colonic endothelial cell
colonic endothelium
colorectal endothelial cell
colorectal endothelium
tonsil epithelium
The epithelium that forms the surface of the tonsil dips into the underlying connective tissue in numerous places, forming crypts kown as tonsillar crypts. Stratified squamous epithelium, that may be heavily infiltrated by lymphocytes. Epithelial cells are present in the germinal as well as in the periphery of the nodule.
epithelium of tonsil
tonsil epithelial cell
exocrine pancreas epithelium
Epithelium lining the exocrine pancreas.
epithelium of exocrine pancreas
exocrine pancreas epithelial cell
axial musculature
Musculature of the head and neck, spine, and ribs.
main body axis
A principle subdivision of an organism that includes all structures along the primary axis, typically the anterior-posterior axis, from head to tail, including structures of the body proper where present (for example, ribs), but excluding appendages.
body proper
The region of the organism associated with the visceral organs.
body
whole body
integumentary projection
Anatomical projection that is part of the integumentl system.
skin projection
notochordal canal
A tubular passage that extends from the primitive pit into the head process during the early stages of embryonic development in mammals. It perforates the splanchnopleure layer so that the yolk sac and the amnion are connected temporarily.
chordal canal
metaphysis of tibia
A metaphysis that is part of a tibia.
tibial metaphysis
integumentary system layer
A organ component layer that is part of a integumental system.
layer of skin
skin layer
arterial blood
A blood that is part of a artery.
arterial blood
blood in artery
portion of arterial blood
venous blood
A blood that is part of a vein.
blood in vein
portion of venous blood
venous blood
capillary blood
A blood that is part of a capillary.
blood in capillary
portion of blood in capillary
portion of capillary blood
cervical os
One of two openings in the uterine cervix.
cervical opening
uterine cervix opening
digestive system element
Any of the organs or elements that are part of the digestive system. Examples: tongue, esophagus, spleen, crop, lunge feeding organ, tooth elements.
digestive organ
digestive system organ
great vessel of heart
Great vessels is a term used to refer collectively to the large vessels that bring blood to and from the heart.
great vessel
great vessel of thorax
uterine lumen
A organ cavity that is part of a uterus.
cavity of uterus
uterine cavity
uterine space
skin of palmar/plantar part of autopod
A zone of skin that is part of a palmar/plantar part of autopod.
skin of sole of pes
A zone of skin that is part of a skin of pes.
plantar skin of foot
skin of plantar part of foot
skin of sole of foot
future telencephalon
Embryonic structure that gives rise to the telencephalon.
presumptive telencephalon
mesenchyme derived from neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from the neural crest[Automatically generated definition].
mesenchyme from neural crest
neural crest derived mesenchyme
neural crest mesenchyme
kidney collecting duct epithelium
The simple cuboidal epithelium lining the lumen of kidney collecting ducts.
collecting duct of renal tubule epithelium
epithelium of collecting duct of renal tubule
epithelium of renal collecting tubule
muscle layer of ileum
A muscular coat that is part of a ileum.
ileal smooth muscle
muscularis externa of ileum
muscularis propria of ileum
smooth muscle of ileum
palmar/plantar sweat gland
A sweat gland that is part of the skin of the palmar part of the manus or plantar part of the pes
palm sweat gland
palm/sole sweat gland
palmar eccrine sweat gland
palmar/plantar eccrine sweat gland
sweat gland of palmar part of manus
sweat gland of palmar/plant part of autopod
renal venous blood vessel
Any member of the network of tubes that return blood from the renal tissues to the systemic circulation.
kidney venous blood vessel
kidney venous system
venous blood vessel of kidney
sex-specific anatomical structure
A part of the body present only in a specific gender.
gender-specific
gender-specific anatomical structure
sex-specific
male anatomical structure
A part of the body present only in males.
male-specific
male-specific structure
female anatomical structure
A part of the body present only in females.
gustatory epithelium of tongue
A gustatory epithelium that is part of a tongue.
lingual gustatory epithelium
subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue
Subcutaneous adipose tissue that is located in the abdominal region.
abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue
subcutaneous abdominal fat
subcutaneous fat of abdominal region
white matter lamina of neuraxis
lamina of neuraxis
neuraxis lamina
white matter lamina of diencephalon
diencephalon lamina
lamina of diencephalon
white matter lamina of cerebral hemisphere
cerebral hemisphere lamina
lamina of cerebral hemisphere
white matter lamina of cerebellum
The white laminae of cerebellum is subdivision of the cerebellar cortex comprised of myelinated axons lying deep to the granule cell layer of the cerebellar cortex.
isthmus cinguli
isthmus gyri cingulatus
isthmus gyri cinguli
isthmus of gyrus fornicatus
isthmus of the cingulate gyrus
isthmus-2
lamina alba of cerebellar cortex
laminae albae of cerebellar cortex
laminae albae of cerebellar cortex
white lamina of cerebellum
white laminae of cerebellum
white matter of medulla oblongata
A white matter that is part of a medulla oblongata.
medullary white matter
substantia alba medullae oblongatae
white matter of medulla
white substance of medulla
frontonasal process epithelium
A epithelium that is part of a frontonasal prominence.
anal membrane ectodermal component
A unilaminar epithelium that develops_from a ectoderm and is part of a anal region.
primitive renal collecting duct system
metanephros primitive collecting ducts
primitive collecting duct
interlobular duct
A duct that is located between lobules, within the thin connective tissue septa that separate lobules. All interlobular ducts are excretory.
mucous acinus
The secretory unit of a mucous gland. The acinar portion is composed of mucous secreting cells.
acinus of mucuous gland
mucus acinus
intralobular duct
A duct that is located within a lobule, with no more connective tissue intervening between ducts and secretory units (i.e., acini or tubules) than between adjacent secretory units. Intercalated and striated ducts are intralobular
intralobular ductule
interlobar duct
A duct that is located between lobes, within conspicuous, thick connective tissue septa that separate lobes. All interlobar ducts are excretory.
intralobular ductule
prosomere
A neuromere that is part of the presumptive forebrain
forebrain neuromere
forebrain segment
future prosencephalon
segment of forebrain
midbrain neuromere
A neuromere that is part of the presumptive midbrain
future mesencephalon
mesomere
mesomere group
mesomere of nervous system
midbrain segment
neuromere of mesomere group
segment of midbrain
spinal neuromere
A neuromere that is part of the presumptive spinal cord
spinal cord metameric segment
spinal cord segment
spinal neuromeres
cloacal muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a cloaca.
lingual septum
The lingual septum consists of a vertical layer of fibrous tissue, extending throughout the entire length of the median plane of the tongue, though not quite reaching the dorsum. It is thicker behind than in front, and occasionally contains a small fibrocartilage, about 6 mm. in length. It is well displayed by making a vertical section across the organ.
median fibrous septum
septum of tongue
septum of tongue
tongue septum
musculature of forelimb stylopod
Any collection of muscles that is part of the forelimb stylopod region [Automatically generated definition].
arm musculature
muscle group of arm
musculature of arm
set of muscles of arm
musculature of pelvic complex
Any collection of muscles that is part of a pelvic complex. The pelvic complex comprises the pelvic girdle and the associated limb or fin.
muscles of lower limb
musculature of lower limb
musculi membri inferioris
musculature of pectoral complex
Any collection of muscles that is part of a pectoral complex. The pectoral complex comprises the pectoral girdle and the associated limb or fin.
muscles of upper limb
musculature of upper limb
musculi membri superioris
set of muscles of upper limb
upper limb musculature
pectoral appendage muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a pectoral appendage (forelimb or pectoral fin).
pelvic appendage muscle
Any muscle organ that is part of a pelvic appendage (hindlimb or pelvic fin).
brainstem white matter
White matter that is part of a brainstem [Automatically generated definition].
brain stem white matter
brainstem tract/commissure
brainstem tracts
brainstem tracts and commissures
skeletal muscle organ
A muscle organ that consists of skeletal muscle tissue ensheathed in epimysium, that develops from myotome and that is innervated by some somatic motor neuron. Skeletal muscles are typically attached (via a tendon) to a bone but there are exceptions (e.g. intrinsic tongue muscles).
skeletal muscle
primordial vasculature
A portion of tissue that will develop into vasculature.
intersomitic vessel
One of the primary blood vessel sprouts that originate from the dorsal aorta and posterior cardinal vein and align dorsoventrally at the myotomal boundaries between somites.
intersegmental vessel
intersegmental vessels
intersomitic blood vessel
intersomitic vessels
segmental vessel
tibia endochondral element
The major preaxial endochondral element in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape].
tibia element
tibia skeletal element
forelimb endochondral element
A forelimb bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor.
forelimb skeletal element
hindlimb endochondral element
A hindlimb bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor.
hindlimb bone skeletal element
phalanx endochondral element
A phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor.
phalanx element
phalanx skeletal element
manual digit phalanx endochondral element
A manual digit phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor.
manual digit phalanx element
manual digit phalanx skeletal element
pedal digit phalanx endochondral element
A pedal digit phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor.
pedal digit phalanx element
pedal digit phalanx skeletal element
femur endochondral element
A femur bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor.
femur element
femur skeletal element
limb endochondral element
A limb bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor.
limb bone endochondral element
limb bone skeletal element
autopod endochondral element
A endochondral element that is part of a autopod region.
autopod cartilage
A autopod endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue.
subepicardial layer of epicardium
perimysial connective tissue of subepicardium
subepicardial connective tissue
epicardial fat
Visceral intrapericardial fat contiguous with the myocardial surface.
epicardial adipose tissue
pericardial adipose tissue
connective tissue of prostate gland
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a prostate gland.
connective tissue of prostate
gland of ocular region
A gland that is typically found in or near the orbital region, in or around either the medial or lateral canthi, and is typically associated with secretions onto the eyeball or associated ducts. Includes the Harderian, nictitans and lacrimal glands.
ocular gland
orbital gland
lateral gland of orbital region
A gland that is located in or around the ocular region, nearer the outer canthi.
lateral ocular gland
lateral orbital gland
multi-unit eye
An eye consisting of multiple light-sensing organs
endometrial blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a endometrium.
blood vessel of endometrium
neck of tooth
The slightly constricted part of a tooth, between the crown and the root.
cervical margin of tooth
cervical zone of tooth
cervix dentis
cervix of tooth
collumn dentis
dental neck
tooth neck
lateral structure
Any structure that is placed on one side of the left-right axis of a bilaterian.
circulatory organ
A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, contributes to the circulation of lymph, blood or analogs. Examples: a chambered vertebrate heart; the tubular peristaltic heart of ascidians; the dorsal vessel of an insect; the lymoh heart of a reptile.
cardiac pump
cardiac structure
circulatory vessel
heart
heart or heart like organ
digit skin
A zone of skin that is part of a digit [Automatically generated definition].
modified sebaceous gland
respiratory system basement membrane
A basement membrane of epithelium that is part of a respiratory system.
heart plus pericardium
heart/pericardium
urethra mesenchymal layer
A mesenchyme that is part of a urethra.
ureteral valve
A valve that is part of a ureter.
ureteral valve
valve or ureter
subcutaneous lymph node
A lymph node that is part of a hypodermis.
axilla skin
A zone of skin that is part of a axilla.
FMA:37322
MA:0003087
axillary skin
skin of axilla
A zone of skin that is part of a axilla.
OBOL:automatic
nose skin
A zone of skin that is part of a external nose.
external nasal skin
skin of external nose
skin of nose
choledocho-duodenal junction
choledochoduodenal junction
hat part of the duodenal wall traversed by the ductus choledochus, ductus pancreaticus, and ampulla.
anal canal epithelium
A epithelium that is part of a anal canal.
anal canal epithelium
epithelium of anal canal
heterogeneous tissue
portion of heterogeneous tissue
epithelium of duct of salivary gland
A epithelium that is part of a duct of salivary gland.
epithelium of salivary duct
salivary duct epithelium
salivary ductal epithelium
smooth muscle layer in fatty layer of subcutaneous tissue
A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a hypodermis.
muscle layer in fatty layer of subcutaneous tissue
stratum musculosum panniculi adiposi telae subcutaneae
upper respiratory conduit
Any anatomical conduit which is part of the upper respiratory tract
respiratory conduit
olfactory apparatus chamber
An anatomical chamber that is part of the olfactory apparatus, consisting of cavity walls (nasal epithelium and mucosal layers) and the space bounded anteriorly by the nares and posteriorly by the choanae, when these structures are present.
cranial or facial muscle
cranial-facial muscle
cranial/facial muscle
cranio-facial muscle
craniofacial muscle
autopod skin
A zone of skin that is part of a autopod region.
paw skin
digit connective tissue
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a digit.
liver blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a liver.
hepatic blood vessel
ear epithelium
A epithelium that is part of a ear.
eye epithelium
A epithelium that is part of a camera-type eye.
middle ear epithelium
A epithelium that is part of a middle ear.
outer ear epithelium
A epithelium that is part of a external ear.
obsolete brainstem reticular formation
true
foregut epithelium
A epithelium that is part of a foregut.
duodenum lamina propria
A lamina propria that is part of a duodenum.
duodenal lamina propria
lamina propria mucosae of duodenum
lamina propria of duodenum
visceral abdominal lymph node
lymph node of head
A lymph node that is part of a head.
facial lymph node
Any of the lymph nodes that are part of a face.
buccal lymph node
lymph node of lower limb
A lymph node that is part of a hindlimb.
lymph node of upper limb
A lymph node that is part of a forelimb.
pulmonary capillary
A capillary that is part of a lung.
capillary of lung
male breast
A breast that is part of a male organism.
mamma masculina
chest wall
Subdivision of thorax which includes all structures from the skin to the costal pleura. Examples: There is only one chest wall.
liver stroma
A stroma that is part of a liver.
hepatic stroma
stroma of liver
bronchial lymph node
A lymph node that is part of a bronchus.
auditory system
is the sensory system for the sense of hearing.
vertebral centrum element
Skeletal element that functionally replaces the notochord[VSAP,modified].
centre vertébral@fr
centrum
centrum of vertebra
périchorde@fr
epithelium of male urethra
A epithelium that is part of a male urethra.
male urethral epithelium
urethral epithelium of male
lamina propria of fundus of stomach
A lamina propria that is part of a mucosa of fundus of stomach.
lamina propria mucosae of fundus of stomach
lumen of duodenum
A anatomical space that is part of a duodenum.
doudenal lumen
duodenal lumen
cavity of left ventricle
left ventricular cavity
luminal space of the left ventricle of the heart.
lumen of jejunum
A anatomical space that is part of a jejunum.
jejunal lumen
jejunum lumen
epithelium of female urethra
A epithelium that is part of a female urethra.
female urethral epithelium
urethral epithelium of female
lobe of cerebral hemisphere
Subdivision of telencephalon which is one of a number of subdivisions of each hemisphere separated by both real landmarks (sulci and fissures) and arbitrary boundaries[FMA,modified].
cerebral cortical segment
cerebral hemisphere lobe
cerebral lobe
lobe of cerebral cortex
lobe parts of cerebral cortex
lobes of the brain
lobi cerebri
regional organ part of cerebral cortex
segment of cerebral cortex
white matter of cerebral lobe
cortex of cerebral lobe
Grey matter neocortex region of a lobe of the cerebral hemisphere.
cortex of cerebral hemisphere lobe
cortex of lobe of cerebral hemisphere
gray matter of lobe of cerebral hemisphere
neocortical part of cerebral hemisphere
white matter of limbic lobe
A white matter of cerebral lobe that is part of a limbic lobe.
limbic cortex
cortex of limbic lobe
gray matter of limbic lobe
limbic lobe cortex
pharyngeal ectoderm
The external part of the developing pharynx that is made of ectoderm. During vertebrate development, pockets form in pharyngeal ectoderm between the pharyngeal arches.
central nervous system gray matter layer
A layer of of the central nervous system that is part of gray matter.
CNS gray matter layer
CNS grey matter layer
gray matter layer of neuraxis
grey matter layer
grey matter layer of neuraxis
central nervous system white matter layer
A layer of of the central nervous system that is composed of white matter.
CNS white matter layer
white matter layer
white matter layer of neuraxis
spinal cord column
white matter of midbrain
A white matter that is part of the midbrain.
mesencephalic white matter
cerebral blood vessel
A blood vessel that is part of a cerebellum.
pit
An roughly circular indentation in a surface.
lamina of gray matter of spinal cord
rexed lamina
auditory hillocks, pharyngeal arch 1 derived
A collection of protruberances derived from pharyngeal arch 1 that develop into the tragus, crus of the helix, and helix.
auditory hillocks, pharyngeal arch 2 derived
A collection of protruberances derived from pharyngeal arch 2 that develop into the concha, antihelix and antitragus.
skin scent gland
A scent gland that is part of the skin
cutaneous scent gland
interdigital gland
A skin gland found in the interdigital region of some mammals
interdigital sinus
future central nervous system
Primordium that develops into the central nervous system
future CNS
presumptive central nervous system
future nervous system
Primordium that develops into the nervous system
presumptive nervous system
epithelium of terminal part of digestive tract
Epithelium lining the distalmost portion of the digestive tract.
rectum epithelium
muscle tissue of terminal part of digestive tract
Any muscle tissue of the distalmost portion of the digestive tract.
rectum muscle
rectum muscle structure
entire extraembryonic component
The part of the conceptus that may be lost before birth or will be discarded at birth, or when the embryo becomes an independent organism.
extra-embryonic component
extraembryonic component
transitional anatomical structure
An embryonic anatomical entity that will turn into one or more other anatomical entities, perhaps with other anatomical entities, later in development.
developing mesenchymal structure
A mesenchyme-derived anatomical entity undergoing a transtion to become another structure.
abdominal viscera
A viscus that is part of a abdomen.
abdominal viscera
abdominal viscera set
set of abdominal viscera
muscle layer of rectum
A muscle layer that is part of the rectum
muscular coat of rectum
muscularis externa of rectum
rectal muscularis propria
tunica muscularis (rectum)
tunica muscularis recti
rectum smooth muscle tissue
Any portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of the rectum
rectal smooth muscle tissue
rectum smooth muscle
smooth muscle of rectum
ligament of middle ear
A ligament that is part of a middle ear.
pulmonary part of lymphatic system
An organ system subdivision that is the part of the lymphoid system that includes the pulmonary lymphatic vessels.
pulmonary lymphatic chain
pulmonary lymphatic vasculature
pulmonary lymphatic vessel
A lymphatic vessel that is part of a lung.
lymphatic vessel of lung
axillary sweat gland
A sweat gland that is part of a axilla.
axillary apocrine sweat gland
sweat gland of axilla
stroma of pancreas
A stroma that is part of a pancreas.
pancreatic stroma
capsule of pancreas
A capsule that divides the parenchyma of the pancreas into lobes and lobules
pancreatic capsule
rhombomere boundary
A boundary delimiting a rhombomere.
rhombomere junction
skeletal musculature
submucosa of digestive tract
Any portion of submucosa that lines the digestive tract.
layer of muscle tissue
Any organ component layer that consists of muscle tissue.
muscular coat of digestive tract
A muscular coat that is part of a digestive tract.
muscular layer of digestive tract
muscularis externa of digestive tract
tunica externa of digestive tract
tunica muscularis of digestive tract
adrenal tissue
Tissue that is part of some adrenal gland
adrenal gland tissue
forelimb feather
A feather that is part of a forelimb.
feather of forelimb
breast feather
A feather that is part of a the upper ventral region of an animal's torso.
feather of breast
feather of mammary region
feather of upper chest
feather of upper ventral region
dorsal feather
A feather that is part of a the dorsal region of an animal's torso.
feather of back
feather of dorsum
cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle
ventricular cardiac muscle tissue
ventricular heart muscle
ventricular muscle
neck of bone element
bone neck
neck of bone
the neck region of a bone organ.
heart vasculature
An interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure that contains fluid that is actively transported around the heart.
cardiac vasculature
hindlimb feather
A feather that is part of a hindlimb.
feather of hindlimb
crural feather
A feather that is part of a hindlimb zeugopod.
tibial feather
bladder organ
A membranous sac in animals that serves as the receptacle of a liquid or contains gas.
bladder
reproductive system mucosa
genital mucosa
intramuscular adipose tissue
Adipose tissue which is located throughout skeletal muscle and is responsible for the marbling seen in certain cuts of beef. In humans, excess accumulation of intramuscular fat is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
intramuscular fat
carotid artery endothelium
carotid endothelium
carotid epithelium
mucous gland of lung
bronchial gland
bronchial mucous gland
peribronchial gland
skin epithelium
Any region of epithelium that is part of a skin region.
chorioretinal region
The part of the eye that consists of both the retina and the optic choroid
chorioretina
choroid and retina
retinachoroid
retinachoroidal region
white matter of hindbrain
A white matter that is part of the hindbrain.
white matter of forebrain
A white matter that is part of the forebrain.
white matter of myelencephalon
A white matter that is part of the myelencephalon.
myelencephalic white matter
gray matter of hindbrain
gray matter of the hindbrain
gray matter of forebrain
gray matter of midbrain
gray matter of diencephalon
white matter of metencephalon
sensory organ epithelium
nose epithelium
epithelium of external nose
Epithelial layer that is part of the external part of the nose.
epithelium of skin of external nose
exocrine gland of integumental system
An exocrine gland that is part of a integumental system.
integumental exocrine gland
integumental system exocrine gland
epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine
epithelium of small intestinal crypt of Lieberkuhn
wall of small intestinal crypt of Lieberkuhn
epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine
lacrimal gland bud
the single bud-like invagination of the conjunctival fornix epithelium at the temporal aspect of the eye that signals lacrimal gland formation (Int Rev Cytol. 1996;168:1-80. Cell biology of the harderian gland)
splenic arteriole
nervous system cell part layer
Single layer of a laminar structure, identified by different density, arrangement or size of cells and processes arranged in flattened layers or lamina[CUMBO].
lamina
layer
visceral serous membrane
Serous membrane layer that is adjacent to and lines an organ.
visceral wall of serous membrane
parietal serous membrane
Serous membrane layer that lines to a body cavity.
cavity lining
parietal wall of serous membrane
mesentery of ileum
ileal mesentery
ileum mesentery
mesoileum
placenta blood vessel
A blood vessel of the placenta.
placental vessel
male mammary gland duct
A mammary gland duct that is part of a male organism. This structure typically regresses.
white matter of the cerebellar cortex
White matter that lies deep to the granular cell layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains afferents to the cerebellar cortex and axons that run between the cerebellar cortex and the deep cerebellar nuclei.
white matter of the cerebellar cortex
developing neuroepithelium
An embryonic or larval epithelium that is committed to form part of the nervous system.
embryonic neuroepithelium
neurepithelium
neuroepithelium
proliferating neuroepithelium
An epithelium that is undergoing proliferation to provide large numbers of neuronal cells.
differentiating neuroepithelium
A neuroepithelium some of whose cells are undergoing terminal differentiation to become neuronal cells.
spinal cord ventricular layer
spinal cord lateral wall ventricular layer
cranial neuron projection bundle
Any of the cranial nerves, or their central nervous system analogs (the optic tract, the epiphyseal tract). These analogs are not true nerves, and are instead evaginated sensory afferents emanating from the brain
cranial nerve fiber bundle
cranial nerve fiber tract
cranial nerve or tract
neuron projection bundle from brain
autonomic nerve
The splanchnic nerves are paired nerves that contribute to the innervation of the viscera, carrying fibers of the autonomic nervous system as well as sensory fibers from the organs. All carry sympathetic fibers except for the pelvic splanchnic nerves, which carry parasympathetic fibers.
nervus visceralis
visceral nerve
sympathetic nerve
morphological feature
A part of an organism or organ that is continuous with its surroundings and distinguished from its surroundings based on morphology.
lymphomyeloid tissue
future pituitary gland
pituitary primordium
multi organ part structure
An multicellular anatomical structure that has subparts of multiple organs as a part.
anatomical cluster
cell cluster
A cluster of cells, largely surrounded by a morphological boundary.
disconnected anatomical group
Material anatomical entity consisting of multiple anatomical structures that are not connected to each other.
anatomical collection
A collection of anatomical structures that are alike in terms of their morphology or developmental origin.
anatomical row
An anatomical collection that is arranged in a line.
external soft tissue zone
A region or zone on the surface of an organism that encompasses skin and any adnexa, down through muscles and bounded by underlying skeletal support structures.
epithelium of biliary system
The epithelial layer covering the biliary system. This includes the epithelium of the gallbladder (when present) as well as the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts.
biliary epithelium
biliary system epithelium
biliary tract epithelium
layer of smooth muscle tissue
Any organ component layer that consists of smooth muscle tissue.
zone of organ
organ region with floating fiat boundary
organ sector
organ zonal region
organ zone
epithelial layer of duct
duct epithelium
ductal epithelium
paraganglion (generic)
A cluster of neuroendocrine cells derived from neural crest. Paraganglia may be chromaffin or nonchromaffin
paraganglia
jaw mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a developing jaw [Automatically generated definition].
outer renal medulla loop of Henle
loop of Henle, outer medullary portion
renal medulla loop of Henle
loop of Henle of renal medulla
loop of Henle, medullary portion
eyelid epithelium
An epithelium that is part of an eyelid [Automatically generated definition].
naris epithelium
An epithelium that is part of a naris [Automatically generated definition].
jaw epithelium
excretory duct of salivary gland
Any of the interlobular excretory ducts of a salivary gland which are found in the connective tissue septa and formed by the union of several intralobular striated (secretory) ducts[MP,generalized].
excretory duct
interlobular duct of salivary gland
duct of eccrine sweat gland
ductal part of eccrine sweat gland
duct of apocrine sweat gland
ductal part of apocrine sweat gland
thymus subunit
lobe or lobule of thymus
material entity in digestive tract
Any material entity that is located in the digestive tract. This includes undigested food and liquid as well as unexcreted waste products. It also includes other entities such as ingested stones used to aid digestion. Any microbial cells or cell populations are also included.
digestive tract contents
ingested material entity
manus cartilage element
hand cartilage condensation
pes cartilage element
foot cartilage condensation
neck of gallbladder
The narrowest portion of the gallbladder and distal to the cystic duct.
cervix of gallbladder
gallbladder neck
prostatic capsule
The membrane the surrounds the prostate gland.
capsule of prostate
capsule of prostate gland
left cardiac chamber
Any chamber of the left side of the heart
right cardiac chamber
Any chamber of the right side of the heart
lateral line sense organ
cartilage of external acoustic meatus
cartilage of acoustic meatus
cartilage of auditory canal
cartilago meatus acustici
external acoustic meatus cartilage
ocular adnexa
The parts of the orbital region that are outside of the the eyeball, including the lacrimal apparatus, the extraocular muscles and the eyelids, eyelashes, eyebrows and the conjunctiva
accessory parts of orbital region
accessory visual structures
accessory visual structures set
adnexa oculi
adnexal parts of orbital region
appendage of eye
appendages of the eye
eye adnexa
set of accessory visual structures
structurae oculi accessoriae
cavity of cardiac chamber
cardiac chamber cavity
heart cavity
heart lumen
pulmonary lymph node
intrapulmonary lymph node
pulmonary node
intrapulmonary bronchus
future mouth
The primordial mouth region of the developing head.
primitive mouth
primordial mouth
muscle layer of sigmoid colon
A muscle layer that is part of the sigmoid colon
muscularis externa of sigmoid colon
muscularis propria of sigmoid colon
sigmoid colon muscularis propria
sigmoideum muscularis
tunica muscularis colon sigmoideum
serous cavity
pericardial fat
The sum of epicardial and paracardial fat deposits.
visceral fat
Any fat deposit surrounding a visceral organ.
peritoneal sac
A serous sac that is the aggregate of the peritoneum and the peritoneal cavity, located in the abdominal cavity.
peritoneal component
wall of blood vessel
blood vessel wall
vascular wall
regurgitated substance
A bodily fluid consisting of the contents of the digestive tract expulsed through the anterior portion of the digestive tract.
regurgitate
respiratory primordium epithelium
respiratory primordium mesenchyme
respiratory primordium associated mesenchyme
cardiopharyngeal field
An region of the mesoderm that includes anterior lateral mesoderm of the first heart field plus contiguous pharyngeal mesoderm that gives rise to second-heart-field-derived regions of the heart and branchiomeric muscles.
skin appendage follicle
An organ subunit in the skin that gives rise to cutaneous appendage.
cutaneous appendage follicle
follicle
skin follicle
skin of face
A zone of skin that is part of the face.
face skin
facial skin
spleen pulp
Malpighian corpuscles
The parenchyma of the spleen, consisting of lymphocytes and macrophages. It lies between the splenic trabecula. Red pulp is the part suffused with blood and white pulp consists of areas of lymphatic tissue where there are sleeves of lymphocytes and macrophages.
pulp of spleen
splenic pulp
parenchyma of spleen
A parenchyma that is part of a spleen.
splenic parenchyma
lateral line ganglion
Ganglion that develops from a cranial ectodermal placode and contains sensory neurons that innervate a lateral line.
LLG
lateral line ganglia
posterior lateral line nerve
Cranial nerve which enters the brain between cranial nerves VIII and IX; contains afferents and sensory efferents to the posterior lateral line ganglion and middle ganglion. Fibers from the posterior lateral line ganglion innervate the occipital dorsal lateral line and trunk lateral lines.
caudal lateral line nerve
lateral line primordium
lateral line primordia
llp
anterior lateral line nerve
Cranial nerve which enters the brain between cranial nerves VI and VII; contains afferents and sensory efferents to the anterior lateral line ganglia.
rostral lateral line nerve
posterior lateral line placode
posterior lateral line ganglion
The posterior lateral line ganglion develops from a cranial ectodermal placode and contains sensory neurons that innervate the posterior lateral line system.
anterior lateral line placode
Dorsolateral placode that gives rise to the anterior lateral line.
anterior lateral line placodes
pre-auditory lateral line placode
anterior lateral line ganglion
The anteror lateral line ganglia develops from cranial ectodermal placodes and contain sensory neurons that innervate the anterior lateral line system.
anterior lateral line ganglia
primitive olfactory epithelium
anterior lateral line system
The anterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated between the eye and the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the anterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The anterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians and are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project to the hindbrain. The anterior lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance.
anterior lateral line
The anterior lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The anterior lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear.
posterior lateral line system
The posterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated behind the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the posterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The posterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The neuromasts are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project primarily to the hindbrain. The posterior mechanosensory lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance.
anterior lateral line primordium
A migrating group of cells originating from an anterior lateral line placode. The primordium deposits neuromasts and interneuromasts between them during its migration.
anterior lateral line primordia
fenestrated capillary
Capillary that has pores in the endothelial cells (60-80 nm in diameter) that are spanned by a diaphragm of radially oriented fibrils and allow small molecules and limited amounts of protein to diffuse
fenestrated blood vessel endothelium
fenestrated capillary vessel
preplacodal ectoderm
Non neural ectoderm that surrounds the presumptive neural plate and gives rise to neurogenic placodes.
external integument structure
Structures of the dermis, epidermis, glands and pigment cells recognizable on the external surfaces of the integument.
head external integument structure
Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the external head integument.
body external integument structure
Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the body integument.
limb external integument structure
Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the limb integument.
vasculature of respiratory integument
Blood vessels in respiratory skin.
mineralized skeletal tissue
Skeletal tissue that is mineralized.
mineralized tissue
skeletal element projection
Anatomical projection that is composed of bone or cartilage tissue.
surface of bone
An anatomical surface that is part of a bone
bone surface
pedal digit plus metapodial segment
A subdivision of the autopod consisting of pedal digit plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis.
pedal digit
pedal digit ( phalanges plus metapodial) plus soft tissue
pedal digit digitopodial subdivision
pedal digit ray
manual digit plus metapodial segment
A subdivision of the autopod consisting of manual digit plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis.
manual digit
manual digit ( phalanges plus metapodial) plus soft tissue
manual digit digitopodial subdivision
manual digit ray
digit plus metapodial segment
A subdivision of the autopod consisting of digit plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis.
digit
digit ( phalanges plus metapodial) plus soft tissue
digit digitopodial subdivision
digit ray
pedal digit digitopodial skeleton
A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of pedal digit plus the associated metapodial element.
pedal digit
pedal digit skeleton
manual digit digitopodial skeleton
A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of manual digit plus the associated metapodial element.
manual digit
manual digit skeleton
individual digit of digitopodial skeleton
A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of a single digit plus the associated metapodial element.
digit
digit skeleton