Mungbean trait Mungbean trait Lodging incidence LodgInc Lodging incidence. Lodging incidence Seed weight The amount (weight) of seed per sample (single, 100, 200, 1000) or plant/plant part. Seed weight SdWt The amount (weight) of seed that was harvested per unit area. Seed yield Seed yield SdYld Plant resistance to Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) caused by the agent Cercospora canescens. Cercospora leaf spot resistance Cercospora leaf spot resistance CLSRes LPub Leaf hairiness Pubescence of leaves Leaf pubescence Leaf pubescence PodLng Length of pods. Pod length Pod length Pubescence of pods. Pod pubescence Pod pubescence PodPub Pod hairiness Mottling on seed. Seed mottling Seed mottling SdMott Seed spotlessness Terminal leaflet length Terminal leaflet length Terminal leaflet length Middle leaflet width TLletLng Flw Flowering or anthesis time. Flowering time Flowering time Maturity time Maturity time. Mat Maturity time Lodging incidence - Estimation Lodging incidence - Estimation Observe lodging incidence and rate it. Count and weigh seed. Seed weight - Measurement Seed weight - Measurement Cercospora leaf spot resistance - Estimation Observe the host reaction to CLS, and rate it from immune/resistant to susceptible. Cercospora leaf spot resistance - Estimation Leaf pubescence - Estimation Observe leaf pubescence and rate it. Leaf pubescence - Estimation Pod pubescence - Estimation Pod pubescence - Estimation Observe pod pubescence and rate it. Usually recorded when the first pod changes colour. Observe presence of spots on seed surface coat. Seed mottling - Estimation Seed mottling - Estimation Seed protein content - Measurement Seed protein content - Measurement Measured on seed using the standard protocol. 1-9 Abiotic stress tolerance scale 1-9 Abiotic stress tolerance scale 1= highly susceptible 2= highly susceptible to susceptible 3= susceptible 4= susceptible to moderately susceptible 5= moderately susceptible 6= moderately susceptible to moderately tolerant 7= moderately tolerant 8= tolerant 9= highly tolerant cm cm % % 1-9 Resistance general scale 1-9 Resistance general scale 1= Resistant 2= Resistant to moderately resistant 3= Moderately resistant 4= Moderately resistant to tolerant 5= Tolerant 6= Tolerant to moderately susceptible 7= Moderately susceptible 8= Moderately susceptible to susceptible 9= Susceptible 1-4 General resistance scale 1-4 General resistance scale HR= Highly resistance R= Resistance MS= Moderately resistance S= Susceptible 1-3 Pubescence scale 1-3 Pubescence scale 1= Glabrous 2=Sparse 3= Dense 0-1 Absence-Presence scale 0-1 Absence-Presence scale 0= Absence 1= Presence mm mm Date (yymmdd) Date (yymmdd) day day mg/kg mg/kg The plants tolerance to acid soil. AcdTol Acid soil tolerance Acid soil tolerance Tolerance to acid soils estimated as reduction in plant height 30 days after sowing. Acid soil tolerance - Estimation Acid soil tolerance - Estimation AcdTol _E_1to9 AcdTol _E_1to9 Cold tolerance The plants tolerance to lower temperatures than the optimum. ColdTol Cold tolerance Cold tolerance - Estimation Cold tolerance - Estimation Usually estimated as reduction in general vigour and productivity after being continuously exposed to an average temperature of 15��C for at least 15 days. ColdTol_E_1to9 ColdTol_E_1to9 Drought tolerance Drought tolerance The plant tolerance to drought stress. DrouTol Tolerance to soil moisture deficit estimated as reduction in yield. Drought tolerance - Estimation Drought tolerance - Estimation DrouTol_E_1to9 DrouTol_E_1to9 Heat tolerance Heat tolerance HeatTol The plants tolerance to heat conditions. Usually estimated as yield reduction when continuously exposed to average of 40��C during the flowering period. Heat tolerance - Estimation Heat tolerance - Estimation HeatTol_E_1to9 HeatTol_E_1to9 The plants tolerance to soil salinity. Salinity tolerance SaltTol Salinity tolerance Salinity tolerance - Estimation Salinity tolerance - Estimation Tolerance to salinity estimated as reduction in plant height 30 days after sowing. SaltTol_E_1to9 SaltTol_E_1to9 Branch number BrnchN Branch number Number of branches. Branch number - Counting Count only pod-bearing branches. Usually recorded when first pod changes colour. Branch number - Counting branch/plant branch/plant BrnchN_Ct_brnchplant BrnchN_Ct_brnchplant Cluster number Number of clusters. Cluster number ClusN Count number of clusters having at least one fully grown pod at first harvest including both main stem and branches. Cluster number - Counting Cluster number - Counting cluster/plant cluster/plant ClusN_Ct_clustplant ClusN_Ct_clustplant 1-9 Incidence general scale 1-9 Incidence general scale 1= None 2= Very low 3= Low 4= Low to intermediate 5= Intermediate 6= Intermediate to severe 7= Severe 8= Severe to heavy 9= Heavy LodgInc_E_1to9 LodgInc_E_1to9 1-3 Incidence general scale 1-3 Incidence general scale 1= None 2= Mild 3= Severe LodgInc_E_1to3 LodgInc_E_1to3 Nodulation on roots. Nodulation Nodulation Nodulation Nodulation - Estimation Observe presence of nodules in root system and rate it. Nodulation - Estimation 1-3 Nodulation scale 1-3 Nodulation scale 1= None 2= Poor 3= Heavy Nodulation_E_1to3 Nodulation_E_1to3 Plant height. Plant height PH Plant height Measured on drawn-out plants, usually recorded as average of 10 plants. Plant height - Measurement Plant height - Measurement PH_M_cm PH_M_cm Plant leafiness Plant leafiness Leafiness of plants. Leafiness Plant leafiness - Estimation Usually recorded at 50% flowering. Plant leafiness - Estimation 1-9 Plant leafiness scale 1-9 Plant leafiness scale 1= Sparse (main stem easily visible) 2= Sparse to fair 3= Fair 4= Fair to medium 5= Medium 6= Medium to dense 7= Dense 8= Dense to abundant 9= Abundant (very leafy) Leafiness_E_1to9 Leafiness_E_1to9 Population density Plant number PStand Number of plant per unit area or sample. Plant stand Plant density Plant stand Plant stand - Counting Plant stand - Counting Count plants. plant/m2 plant/m2 PStand_plantm2 PStand_plantm2 Number of pods. Pod number PodN Pod number Pod number - Measurement Usually recorded as averaged number of pods from 10 representative plants. Pod number - Measurement pod/plant pod/plant PodN_M_podplant PodN_M_podplant SdN Number of seeds. Seed number Seed number Seed number - Counting Usually recorded as averaged number of seeds from 10 representative pods. Seed number - Counting seed/pod seed/pod SdN_Ct_sdpod SdN_Ct_sdpod Shattering of seeds. SdShatt Seed shattering Seed shattering Seed shattering - Estimation Seed shattering - Estimation Observe shattering as seeds falling from pods on standing plants. 1-2 No/Yes scale 1-2 No/Yes scale 1= No 2= Yes SdShatt_E_yn SdShatt_E_yn g/1000 seed g/1000 seed SdWt_M_g1000Sd SdWt_M_g1000Sd g/100 seed g/100 seed SdWt_M_g100Sd SdWt_M_g100Sd Usually reported as averaged weight of 10 plants after drying in sun. Seed yield - Measurement Seed yield - Measurement g/plant g/plant SdYld_M_gplant SdYld_M_gplant Compute seed yield. Seed yield - Computation Seed yield - Computation kg/ha kg/ha SdYld_Comp_kgha SdYld_Comp_kgha Seedling vigour SdlingVig Seedling vigour Vigour of the seedlings. Seedling vigour assessed 15 days after emergence. Seedling vigour - Estimation Seedling vigour - Estimation 1-9 Vigour scale 1-9 Vigour scale 1= Poor 2= Very low 3= Low 4= Fair 5= Medium 6= Medium to good 7= Good 8= Very good 9= Vigorous SdlingVig_E_1to9 SdlingVig_E_1to9 Shelling Shelling index Shelling as ratio of seed and pod weight. Shelling index Shelling index - Computation Shelling index - Computation Calculated as seed weight divided by pod weight, usually based on minimum of 100 pods. Shelling_Comp_pct Shelling_Comp_pct Aphid resistance Aphid resistance Resistance to aphids. AphRes Observe the host reaction to aphids, and rate it from immune/resistant to susceptible. Aphid resistance - Estimation Aphid resistance - Estimation AphRes_E_1to9 AphRes_E_1to9 Bacterial leaf spot resistance Bacterial leaf spot resistance Plant resistance to bacterial leaf spot (BLS) caused by the agent Xanthomonas phaseoli. BLSRes Observe the host reaction to BLS, and rate it from immune/resistant to susceptible. Bacterial leaf spot resistance - Estimation Bacterial leaf spot resistance - Estimation BLSRes_E_1to4 BLSRes_E_1to4 Resistance to storage insect pest Callosobruchus chinensis (bruchid). Bruchid resistance Bruchid resistance BruchRes Bruchid resistance - Estimation Observe the host reaction to bruchids, and rate it from immune/resistant to susceptible. Bruchid resistance - Estimation BruchRes_E_1to9 BruchRes_E_1to9 CLSRes_E_1to9 CLSRes_E_1to9 CLSRes_E_1to4 CLSRes_E_1to4 PodBorerRes Pod borer resistance Pod borer resistance Resistance to pod borers. Observe the host reaction to pod borers, and rate it from immune/resistant to susceptible. Pod borer resistance - Estimation Pod borer resistance - Estimation PodBorerRes_E_1to9 PodBorerRes_E_1to9 Plant resistance to powdery mildew caused by the agent Erysiphe polygoni. PMRes Powdery Mildew resistance Powdery Mildew resistance Powdery Mildew resistance - Estimation Powdery Mildew resistance - Estimation Observe the host reaction to powdery mildew, and rate it from immune/resistant to susceptible. PMRes_E_1to9 PMRes_E_1to9 Whitefly resistance Resistance to Bemisia tabaci (whitefly). WFlyRes Whitefly resistance Observe the host reaction to whiteflies, and rate it from immune/resistant to susceptible. Whitefly resistance - Estimation Whitefly resistance - Estimation WFlyRes_E_1to9 WFlyRes_E_1to9 Yellow mosaic virus resistance MYMVRes Plant resistance to mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV). Yellow mosaic virus resistance Yellow mosaic virus resistance - Estimation Yellow mosaic virus resistance - Estimation Observe the host reaction to MYMV, and rate it from immune/resistant to susceptible. MYMVRes_E_1to9 MYMVRes_E_1to9 Branch length Length of branch. Branch length BrnchLng Branch length - Measurement Measure the longest branch. Usually recorded when first pod changes colour. Branch length - Measurement BrnchLng_M_cm BrnchLng_M_cm Calix pigmentation Calyx colour Colour of calix. Calyx colour CalixCol Observe calix colour and rate it. Calyx colour - Estimation Calyx colour - Estimation 1-3 Calyx colour scale 1-3 Calyx colour scale 1= Green 2= Greenish purple 3= Other (specify) CalixCol_E_1to3 CalixCol_E_1to3 CorollaCol Corolla colour Corolla colour Corolla pigmentation Colour of corolla (wings and standard). Recorded at full blossom at about 8-10 a.m. Corolla colour - Estimation Corolla colour - Estimation 1-4 Corolla colour scale 1-4 Corolla colour scale 1= Light yellow 2= Deep yellow 3= Greenish yellow 4= Other (specify) CorollaCol_E_1to4 CorollaCol_E_1to4 FPodPos First pod position First pod position Position of first pod. Count the node starting from the unifoliate node to the first pod-bearing node. First pod position - Counting First pod position - Counting node position node position FPodPos_Ct_nodPos FPodPos_Ct_nodPos GwHabit Growth habit Growth habit Plant growth habit. Observe growth habit and rate it. Growth habit - Estimation Growth habit - Estimation 1-3 Growth habit scale 1-3 Growth habit scale 1= Erect: straight and prominent main stem with few branches 2= Semi-erect: main stem less prominent, but branches do not touch ground 3= Spreading: branches touch ground GwHabit_E_1to3 GwHabit_E_1to3 Pattern of plant growth. Growth pattern GwPattern Growth pattern Growth pattern - Estimation Growth pattern - Estimation Observe growth pattern and rate it. 1-2 Growth pattern scale 1-2 Growth pattern scale 1= Indeterminate 2= Determinate GwPattern_E_1to2 GwPattern_E_1to2 HypocCol Hypocotyl colour Colour of hypocotyls. Hypocotyl colour Hypocotyl pigmentation Hypocotyl colour - Estimation Hypocotyl colour - Estimation Usually recorded 10 days after emergence. 1-5 Hypocotyl colour scale 1-5 Hypocotyl colour scale 1= Green 2= Greenish purple 3= Purple 4= Mixed 5= Other (specify) HypocCol_E_1to5 HypocCol_E_1to5 Immature pod colour Colour of immature pods. Immature pod colour InMatPodCol Immature pod pigmentation Observe pod colour at immature stage. Immature pod colour - Estimation Immature pod colour - Estimation 1-3 Immature pod colour scale 1-3 Immature pod colour scale 1= Light green 2= Deep green 3= Other (specify) InMatPodCol_E_1to3 InMatPodCol_E_1to3 Internode length Length of internode. InterNodLng Internode length Internode length - Measurement Internode length - Measurement Measure internode length. InterNodLng_M_cm InterNodLng_M_cm LCol Colour of leaves Leaf colour Leaf colour Leaf pigmentation Leaf colour - Estimation Leaf colour - Estimation Observe leaf colour and rate it. 1-4 Leaf colour scale 1-4 Leaf colour scale 1= Light green 2= Green 3= Dark green 4= Other (specify) LCol_E_1to4 LCol_E_1to4 1-2 Pubescence scale 1-2 Pubescence scale 1= Glabrous 2= Pubescent LPub_E_1to2 LPub_E_1to2 LPub_E_1to3 LPub_E_1to3 LTricLng Length of leaf trichome. Leaf trichome length Leaf trichome length Observe leaf trichome length and rate it. Leaf trichome length - Estimation Leaf trichome length - Estimation 1-2 Length general scale 1-2 Length general scale 1= Short 2= Long LTricLng_E_1to2 LTricLng_E_1to2 Mature pod colour Mature pod pigmentation Colour of mature pods. Mature pod colour MatPodCol Mature pod colour - Estimation Observe pod colour at mature stage. Mature pod colour - Estimation 1-5 Mature pod colour scale 1-5 Mature pod colour scale 1= Straw 2= Tan 3= Brown 4= Black 5= Other (specify) MatPodCol_E_1to5 MatPodCol_E_1to5 Node number Number of nodes on main stem. Node number NodN Count nodes in the main stem. Node number - Counting Node number - Counting node node NodN_Ct_nod NodN_Ct_nod Length of peduncle. Peduncle length PedLng Peduncle length Measure peduncle length. Peduncle length - Measurement Peduncle length - Measurement PedLng_M_cm PedLng_M_cm PetioleCol Petiole colour Petiole pigmentation Petiole colour Colour of petioles. Petiole colour - Estimation Observe petiole colour and rate it. Petiole colour - Estimation 1-4 Petiole colour scale 1-4 Petiole colour scale 1= Green 2= Greenish purple 3= Purple 4= Dark purple PetioleCol_E_1to4 PetioleCol_E_1to4 Length of petioles. PetioleLng Petiole length Petiole length Petiole length - Measurement Measure petiole length. Petiole length - Measurement PetioleLng_M_cm PetioleLng_M_cm Constriction of pod between seeds. PodConst Pod constriction Pod constriction Pod constriction usually recorded when pod changes colour. Pod constriction - Estimation Pod constriction - Estimation PodConst_E_1to2 PodConst_E_1to2 Pod curvature PodCurv Pod curvature Curvature of the pods. Pod curvature - Estimation Pod curvature - Estimation Observe pod curvature and rate it. 1-3 Pod curvature scale 1-3 Pod curvature scale 1= Least curved 2= Medium 3= Most curved PodCurv_E_1to2 PodCurv_E_1to2 Pod length - Estimation Pod length - Estimation Observe pod length and rate it. 1-5 Pod length scale 1-5 Pod length scale 1= Short (< 14 cm) 2= Medium (14-18 cm) 3= Long (>18 cm) PodLng_E_1to5 PodLng_E_1to5 Pod length - Measurement Pod length - Measurement Measure pod length and record it. PodLng_M_cm PodLng_M_cm 1-9 Pubescence density scale 1-9 Pubescence density scale 1= Glabrous 2= Very sparsely 3= Sparsely 4= Fair sparsely 5= Intermediate 6= Light densely 7= Densely 8= Very densely 9= Heavily pubescent PodPub_E_1to9 PodPub_E_1to9 PodPub_E_1to3 PodPub_E_1to3 PodThk Pod thickness Pod thickness Thickness of pods. Pod thickness - Measurement Pod thickness - Measurement Measure pod thickness. PodThk_M_mm PodThk_M_mm Seed coat pigmentation SdCoatCol Seed colour Seed colour Colour of seed coat. Seed colour - Estimation Seed colour - Estimation Observe seed coat colour and rate it. 1-7 Seed colour scale 1-7 Seed colour scale 1= Yellow 2= Greenish yellow 3= Light green 4= Dark green 5= Brown 6= Mixed 7= Other (specify) SdCoatCol_E_1to7 SdCoatCol_E_1to7 Shape of seed hilum. Seed hilum shape Seed hilum shape HilumSh Observe hilum shape. Seed hilum shape - Estimation Seed hilum shape - Estimation 1-2 Seed hilum shape scale 1-2 Seed hilum shape scale 1= Concave 2= Non concave HilumSh_E_1to2 HilumSh_E_1to2 Length of seed. Seed length Seed length SdLng Seed length - Measurement Seed length - Measurement Measure seed length. SdLng_M_mm SdLng_M_mm Seed lustre Lustre on seed surface. Seed lustre SdLust Seed luster Seed lustre - Estimation Seed lustre - Estimation Observe seed lustre and rate it. 1-2 Seed lustre scale 1-2 Seed lustre scale 1= Dull 2= Shiny SdLust_E_1to2 SdLust_E_1to2 SdMott_E_0to1 SdMott_E_0to1 1-4 Seed mottling scale 1-4 Seed mottling scale 1= Absent 2= Light 3= Medium 4= Heavy SdMott_E_1to4 SdMott_E_1to4 SdSh Seed shape Shape of seeds. Seed shape Seed shape - Estimation Seed shape - Estimation Estimate seed shape and rate it. 1-4 Seed shape scale 1-4 Seed shape scale 1= Round 2= Oval 3= Drum shaped 4= Other (specify) SdSh_E_1to4 SdSh_E_1to4 Seed width Width of seed. SdWid Seed width Measure seed width. Seed width - Measurement Seed width - Measurement SdWid_M_mm SdWid_M_mm Seed width length ratio SdWidLng Seed width/length ratio. Seed width length ratio Seed width length ratio - Computation Seed width length ratio - Computation Compute seed width to length ratio. mm/mm mm/mm SdWidLng_M_ratio SdWidLng_M_ratio Stem diameter StmDia Diameter of stems. Stem diameter Measure stem diameter. Stem diameter - Measurement Stem diameter - Measurement StmDia_M_mm StmDia_M_mm Terminal leaflet length - Estimation Terminal leaflet length��usually recorded for the leaf at fourth node. Terminal leaflet length - Estimation 1-3 Terminal leaflet length scale 1-3 Terminal leaflet length scale 1= Small (<10 cm) 2= Medium (10 - 13 cm) 3= Large (>13 cm) TLletLng_E_1to3 TLletLng_E_1to3 Terminal leaflet length - Measurement Terminal leaflet length��usually measured for the leaf at fourth node. Terminal leaflet length - Measurement TLletLng_M_cm TLletLng_M_cm Middle leaflet length Terminal leaflet shape TLletSh Terminal leaflet shape Terminal leaflet shape Observe predominant terminal leaflet shape. Terminal leaflet shape - Estimation Terminal leaflet shape - Estimation 1-7 Terminal leaflet shape scale 1-7 Terminal leaflet shape scale 1= Deltoid 2= Ovate 3= Acute 4= Ovate-lanceolate 5= Cuneate 6=Lobed 7= Other (specify) TLletSh_E_1to7 TLletSh_E_1to7 Middle leaflet width Terminal leaflet width Width of terminal leaflet. TLletWid Terminal leaflet width Terminal leaflet width - Measurement Terminal leaflet width - Measurement Terminal leaflet width��usually measured for the leaf at fourth node. TLletWid_M_cm TLletWid_M_cm Emer Emergence time Emergence time is when the first seedling structure appears above the soil surface. Emergence time Record date of emergence. Emergence date - Estimation Emergence date - Estimation Emer_date_ymd Emer_date_ymd FlwPeriod Flowering period duration Flowering period duration Flowering period duration. Estimate flowering period duration and rate it. Flowering period duration - Estimation Flowering period duration - Estimation 1-3 Flowering period duration scale 1-3 Flowering period duration scale 1= Asynchronous (flowering period >30 days) 2= Intermediate (flowering period 16-30 days) 3= Synchronous (flowering period <15 days) FlwPeriod_E_1to3 FlwPeriod_E_1to3 Record date of flowering when 50% of plants present first flower open. Flowering date - Estimation Flowering date - Estimation Flw_date_ymd Flw_date_ymd Days to flowering - Computation Days to flowering - Computation Compute number of days required from sowing (or emergence) to flowering (when 50% of plants present at least first flower open). Flw_dt_day Flw_dt_day Days to first pod maturity - Computation Days to first pod maturity - Computation Compute number of days required from sowing (or emergence) to first pod maturity (stage when 50% of plants have at least first ripe pod). Mat_dtFirstPod_day Mat_dtFirstPod_day First pod maturity date - Estimation Record date of first pod maturity, when 50% of plants have at least first ripe pod. First pod maturity date - Estimation Mat_FirstPod_ymd Mat_FirstPod_ymd PhotoResp Photoperiod response Photoperiod response Photoperiod response. Photoperiod response - Estimation Observe response to photoperiod. Photoperiod response - Estimation 0-1 Photoperiod response scale 0-1 Photoperiod response scale 0= Insensitive 1= Sensitive PhotoResp_E_0to1 PhotoResp_E_0to1 Leaf Chlorophyll content LChlC Leaf Chlorophyll content. Leaf Chlorophyll content The chlorophyll content of leaves (and other green tissues) can be quickly, and non-destructively measured using a hand-held battery portable optical meter (e.g., Minolta SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter) which measures the chlorophyll content via light transmittance (absorbance of red light at 650 nm and infrared light at 940 nm) and compensates for differing leaf thicknesses. Readings from the instrument are not absolute chlorophyll values, instead each reading is a ���chlorophyll concentration index��� (CCI; ranging from 0 to 99.9). Measurements are typically made on selected/marked leaf (once fully expanded), although measurements of lower leaves may be taken to assess canopy chlorophyll profiles. Leaf Chlorophyll content - Measurement Leaf Chlorophyll content - Measurement CCI CCI LChlC_M_CCI LChlC_M_CCI Seed protein content. SdProtC Seed protein content Seed protein content SdProtC_M_pct SdProtC_M_pct Seed Iron content. SdFeC Seed Iron content Seed Iron content SdFeC_M_pct SdFeC_M_pct Seed Calcium content Seed Calcium content. SdCaC Seed Calcium content SdCaC_M_pct SdCaC_M_pct Seed Magnesium content. SdMgC Seed Magnesium content Seed Magnesium content SdMgC_M_pct SdMgC_M_pct Seed Zinc content Seed Zinc content. SdZnC Seed Zinc content SdZnC_M_pct SdZnC_M_pct Seed Selenium content. Seed Selenium content Seed Selenium content SdSeC SdSeC_M_pct SdSeC_M_pct SdPC Seed Phosphosrus content Seed Phosphosrus content. Seed Phosphosrus content SdPC_M_pct SdPC_M_pct Seed Copper content Seed Copper content SdCuC Seed Copper content. SdCuC_M_pct SdCuC_M_pct Seed Manganese content SdMnC Seed Manganese content Seed Manganese content. SdMnC_M_pct SdMnC_M_pct Seed Sodium content Seed Sodium content SdNatC Seed Sodium content. SdNatC_M_pct SdNatC_M_pct SdKC Seed Potassium content. Seed Potassium content Seed Potassium content SdKC_M_pct SdKC_M_pct Abiotic stress trait Abiotic stress trait Agronomical trait Agronomical trait Biotic stress trait Biotic stress trait Morphological trait Morphological trait Phenological trait Phenological trait Physiological trait Physiological trait Quality trait Quality trait