MAIZE ontology
acronym
attribute
entity
method_of
scale_of
variable_of
ns4:Abiotic_stress
ns4:Agronomic
ns4:Biotic_stress
ns4:Computation
ns4:Counting
ns4:Date
ns4:Duration
ns4:Estimation
ns4:Measurement
ns4:Method
ns4:Morphological
ns4:Nominal
ns4:Numerical
ns4:Ordinal
ns4:Phenological
ns4:Physiological
ns4:Quality
ns4:Scale
ns4:Text
ns4:Trait
ns4:Variable
Anthesis silking interval
Anthesis silking interval.
ASI
anthesis silking interval
Chlorophyll content
Leaf chlorophyll content.
Chl
Chlorophyll content
Grain yield
Grain yield per unit area, either field weight basis, dry weight basis or adjusted to 12.5% grain moisture.
GY
yield
Plant height to insertion of first tassel branch
Plant height from the base to the insertion of the first tassel branch.
PHTslB
height to insertion of first tassel branch
Plant stand
Number of plants per unit area.
PStand
stand
Grain number
Grain number.
GN
number
Plant aspect
Qualitative observation of plant ideotype. In another word, it rates characteristics such as plant and ear height, uniformity of plants, disease and insect damage, and lodging.
PAsp
aspect
Senescence
Leaf senescence.
Sen
senescence
Silk length
Silk length.
SilkLng
length
Silk growth rate
Growth rate of silk.
SilkGrwR
growth rate
Ear length
Ear length.
ELng
length
Ear growth rate
Growth rate of the ear(s) on a plant. It may include the sum of the apical and sub-apical ear growth from prolific plants.
EGrwR
growth rate
Ear height
Plant height from base to the insertion of the top (uppermost) ear.
EH
height to insertion of uppermost ear
Ear aspect
Observation of harvested ears based on some morphological and agronomical characters such as ear size, total numbers of ear harvested per plot, ear damaged caused by insects or/and diseases.
EAsp
aspect
Ear leaf length
Ear leaf (blade) length.
ELLng
length
Ear position
Ear position as a ratio of ear height to plant height.
EPo
position
Ear number
Ear number.
EN
number
Young leaf chlorophyll content
Chlorophyll content in the young leaf.
YLChl
Chlorophyll content
Leaf length
Leaf length.
LLng
length
Leaf width
Leaf width.
LWid
width
Tassel branch weight
Weight of tassel branches.
TslBW
weight
Tassel branch number
Number of branches on tassel.
TslBN
number
Anthesis time
Anthesis time.
Ant
anthesis time
Silking time
Silking time.
Silk
silking time
Maturity time
Maturity time.
Mat
maturity time
Grain moisture
Grain moisture.
GMoi
moisture content
Root lodging incidence
Root lodging incidence. The plants that show root lodging, i.e. those stems that are inclining by more than 45ยก.
RLodgInc
root lodging incidence
Stem lodging incidence
Stem lodging incidence. The plants that show stem lodging, i.e. those stems that are broken below the ear.
SLodgInc
stem lodging incidence
Tassel size
Tassel size.
TslSiz
size
Grain texture
Grain texture as a measure of the variation on the intensity of a surface, quantifying properties such as smoothness, coarseness and regularity of the grain.
GTex
texture
Endosperm hardness
Endosperm hardness.
EndoHard
hardness
Fungal disease presence
The trait is scored for the response to the diseases caused by several fungi.
FungDis
Fungal disease presence
Corn stunt incidence
Corn stunt complex (corn stunt spiroplasma, maize bushy stunt phytoplasma [= mycoplasma], maize rayado fino virus) incidence.
CSCInc
Corn stunt incidence
Stewarts wilt incidence
Stewart wilt (Erwinia stewartii) incidence.
SteWiltInc
Stewarts wilt incidence
Bacterial leaf stripe severity
Bacterial leaf stripe (Pseudomonas rubrilinians) severity.
BCLSSev
Bacterial leaf stripe severity
Bacterial stalk rot incidence
Bacterial stalk rot (Erwinia chrysanthemi) incidence.
BactSRInc
Bacterial stalk rot incidence
Maize bushy stunt severity
Maize bushy stunt (caused by mycoplasma like organism, MLO) severity.
CSCMSev
Maize bushy stunt severity
Rust severity
Multiple rust pathogens severity.
RustSev
Rust severity
Polysora rust severity
Polysora rust (in lowlands Puccinia polysora) severity.
PpolySev
Polysora rust severity
Tropical rust severity
Tropical rust (Physopella zeae) severity.
TRustSev
Tropical rust severity
Maydis leaf blight severity
Maydis leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis = Helminthosporium maydis) severity.
BmaySev
Maydis leaf blight severity
Anthracnose leaf blight incidence
Anthracnose (Colletotrichum graminicola) incidence.
ALBInc
Anthracnose leaf blight incidence
Tillering
Number of tillers per plant.
Tillering
tillering
Black bundle incidence
Black bundle (Acremonium strictum) incidence.
AstriInc
Black bundle incidence
Stalk rot incidence
Stalk rot (multiple pathogens or an unidentified pathogen) incidence.
SRInc
Stalk rot incidence
Charcoal rot incidence
Charcoal rot or (Macrophomina phaseolina) incidence.
CharRInc
Charcoal rot incidence
Fusarium stalk rot incidence
Fusarium stalk rot incidence.
FusSRInc
Fusarium stalk rot incidence
Fusarium moniliforme stalk rot incidence
Fusarium moniliforme stalk rot incidence.
FmonSRInc
Fusarium moniliforme stalk rot incidence
Fusarium graminearum stalk rot incidence
Fusarium graminearum stalk rot incidence.
FgramSRInc
Fusarium graminearum stalk rot incidence
Stenocarpella stalk rot incidence
Stenocarpella (=Diplodia) stalk rot incidence.
StenSRInc
Stenocarpella stalk rot incidence
Pythium stalk rot incidence
Pythium stalk rot (Pythium spp.) incidence.
PytSRInc
Pythium stalk rot incidence
Ear rot incidence
Ear rot incidence.
ERInc
Ear rot incidence
Fusarium ear rot severity
Fusarium ear rot severity.
FusERSev
Fusarium ear rot severity
Fusarium graminearum ear rot severity
Fusarium graminearum ear rot severity.
FgramERSev
Fusarium graminearum ear rot severity
Fusarium moniliforme ear rot severity
Fusarium moniliforme ear rot severity.
FmonERSev
Fusarium moniliforme ear rot severity
Aspergillus flavus ear rot severity
Aspergillus flavus ear rot severity.
AflavERSev
Aspergillus flavus ear rot severity
Stenocarpella ear rot severity
Stenocarpella (=Diplodia) ear rot severity.
SmaySev
Stenocarpella ear rot severity
Penicillium ear rot severity
Penicillium ear rot severity.
PERSev
Penicillium ear rot severity
Downy mildew severity
Downy mildews (several species of the genera Peronosclerospora, Sclerospora, and Sclerophthora) severity.
DMSev
Downy mildew severity
Philippine downy mildew incidence
Philippine downy mildew (Peronosclerospora philippinensis) incidence.
PDMInc
Philippine downy mildew incidence
Sugarcane downy mildew incidence
Sugarcane downy mildew (Peronosclerospora sacchari) incidence.
PsacchInc
Sugarcane downy mildew incidence
Brown stripe downy mildew incidence
Brown stripe downy mildew (Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae) incidence.
BSDMInc
Brown stripe downy mildew incidence
Java downy mildew incidence
Java downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis) incidence.
DMJInc
Java downy mildew incidence
Sorghum downy mildew incidence
Sorghum downy mildew (Peronosclerospora sorghi) incidence.
DMSInc
Sorghum downy mildew incidence
Crazy top downy mildew incidence
Crazy top (Sclerophthora macrospora) incidence.
CTMInc
Crazy top downy mildew incidence
Common smut severity
Common smut (Ustilago maydis, syn. U. zeae) severity.
CSmutSev
Common smut severity
Head smut incidence
Head smut (Sphacelotheca reiliana) incidence.
HSmutInc
Head smut incidence
Banded leaf and sheath blight severity
Banded leaf and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani f. sp. sasakii) severity.
BLSBSev
Banded leaf and sheath blight severity
Common rust severity
Severity of common rust ( Puccinia sorghi).
CRustSev
Common rust severity
Brown spot severity
Brown spot (Physoderma maydis) severity.
BwSpotSev
Brown spot severity
Gray leaf spot severity
Gray leaf spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis) severity.
GLSSev
Gray leaf spot severity
Curvularia leaf spot severity
Curvularia leaf spot (Curvularia spp.) severity.
CLSSev
Curvularia leaf spot severity
Phaeosphaeria leaf spot severity
Phaeosphaeria leaf spot (Phaeosphaeria maydis) severity.
PLSSev
Phaeosphaeria leaf spot severity
Tar spot complex severity
Tar spot complex (Phyllachora maydis, Monographella maydis) severity.
TSCSev
Tar spot complex severity
Turcicum leaf blight severity
Turcicum leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum = Helminthosporium turcicum) severity.
EturcSev
Turcicum leaf blight severity
Seedling disease incidence
Seedling disease incidence.
SdlngDisInc
Seedling disease incidence
Mal de rio cuarto virus incidence
Mal de rio cuarto virus (MRCV) incidence.
MRCVInc
Mal de rio cuarto virus incidence
Maize rayado fino virus incidence
Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV) incidence.
MRFVInc
Maize rayado fino virus incidence
Maize rough dwarf virus incidence
Maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV) incidence.
MRDVInc
Maize rough dwarf virus incidence
Maize stripe virus incidence
Maize stripe virus (MSTV) incidence.
MSTVInc
Maize stripe virus incidence
Maize dwarf mosaic virus incidence
Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) incidence.
DMVInc
Maize dwarf mosaic virus incidence
Maize streak virus incidence
Maize streak virus incidence (MSV) incidence.
MSVInc
Maize streak virus incidence
Sugarcane mosaic virus incidence
Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) incidence.
SCMVInc
Sugarcane mosaic virus incidence
Root capacitance
Estimation of root mass at the end of the stress using an electrical capacitance meter.
RootCapac
capacitance
Grain Tryptophan content
Whole-grain Tryptophan content.
GTrp
Tryptophan content
Ear leaf chlorophyll content
Chlorophyll content in the ear leaf.
ELChl
Chlorophyll content
Endosperm Tryptophan content
Tryptophan content in grain endosperm.
EndoTrp
Tryptophan content
GTrp - Measurement
Standard method for whole-grain tryptophan content.
Grain Lysine content
Whole-grain Lysine content.
GLys
Lysine content
Endosperm Lysine content
Lysine content in grain endosperm.
EndoLys
Lysine content
Grain iron content
Whole-grain iron content.
GIron
Iron content
Grain zinc content
Whole-grain zinc content.
GZinc
Zinc content
Ear leaf weight
Weight of ear leaf (blade).
ELW
weight
Grain abscisic acid content
Abscisic acid content in the grain.
GABA
Abscisic acid content
Grain glucose content
Glucose content in the grain.
GGlucose
Glucose content
Osmotic adjustment
Osmotic adjustment as ability of the plant to adjust the osmotic potential under stress conditions.
OA
osmotic adjustment
Osmotic potential
A measure of the potential of water to move between regions of differing concentrations across a water-permeable membrane.
OP
osmotic potential
Root proline content
Proline content in the root.
RProl
Proline content
Grain sucrose content
Sucrose content in the grain
GSucrose
Sucrose content
Grain protein content
Whole-grain protein content.
GProt
Protein content
Endosperm protein content
Protein content in grain endosperm.
EndoProt
Protein content
Grain provitaminA content
Whole-grain pro-vitaminA content.
GVitA
ProvitaminA content
Grain starch content
Whole-grain starch content.
GStarch
Starch content
Large grain borer damage
Large grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus) damage.
LGBDmg
Large grain borer damage
Aphid damage
Aphids (Rhopalosiphum maidis) damage.
AphDmg
Aphid damage
Maize weevil incidence
Maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) incidence on grain.
WeevInc
Maize weevil incidence
Maize weevil number in Grain
The number of maize weevils (Sitophilus zeamais) hatching and emerging from an infested grain sample within a given period. Large values indicate susceptibility to grain weevils, small values indicate partial resistance to grain weevils.
WeevN
Maize weevil number
Grain weight loss by maize weevil
Loss of weight of the grain samples caused by weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) feeding during a given period of incubation.
GWLostWeev
weight loss by maize weevil
Normalized difference vegetation index
Canopy normalized difference vegetation index.
NDVI
normalized difference vegetation index
Grain weight
Grain weight of mature kernels.
GW
weight
Stomatal conductance
Leaf stomatal conductance
SCond
Stomatal conductance
Grain ash content
Whole-grain ash content.
GAsh
Ash content
Photochemical radiation index
Photochemical radiation index. A canopy reflectance index indicating photosynthetic radiation use efficiency.
PRI
photochemical radiation index
Water index
A ratio between the reflectance at a water band wavelength to a nearby reference wavelength where there is no absorption due to water content variability.
WI
water index
Canopy temperature
Canopy temperature.
CT
canopy temperature
Ear leaf senescence time
Ear leaf senescence time.
ELSen
ear leaf senescence time
Grain color
Color of the grain.
GCol
color
Ear husk cover
Ear husk cover observed as degree of the husk covering the tip of the ear.
HskCov
husk cover
Ear bad husk cover incidence
Ears bad husk cover incidence.
BHskCovInc
bad husk cover incidence
Multiple cob incidence
Incidence of multiple cobs, as plants that have multiple ears arising from a single node.
MCob
multiple cob incidence
Busseola incidence
Busseola larvae incidence.
BusseolaInc
Busseola damage incidence
Earworm incidence
Ear worm (Heliothis) incidence.
EWormInc
Earworm incidence
Army worm damage
Army worm (syn. Spodoptera exempta) damage.
AWormDmg
Army worm damage
Chilo damage
Chilo (Chilo partellus) damage.
ChiloDmg
Chilo damage
Diabrotica damage
Plant damage caused by Diabrotica species.
DiabroticaDmg
Diabrotica damage
Diatraea damage
Plant damage caused by Diatraea species.
DiatraeaDmg
Diatraea damage
Striga damage
Damage of Striga hermonthica plants on maize plants.
StrigaDmg
Striga damage
Stem borer damage
Stem borer damage includes different stem borers such as Chilo partellus, Sesamia spp. and Spodoptera.
StBorDmg
Stem borer damage
Leaf rolling severity
Severity of leaf rolling, usually scored under drought stress.
LRollSev
rolling severity
Late wilt incidence
Late wilt (Cephalosporium maydis) incidence.
LateWiltInc
Late wilt incidence
Stem color
Color of the stem.
StemCol
color
Sheath pubescence
Presence and intensity of hairs on the surface of the leaf sheath.
ShtPub
pubescence
Tassel branching type
Branching type of tassel.
TslTyp
branching type
Ear damage
Ear damage caused by ear rot and/or insects, etc.
EDmg
Ear damage
Grain row arrangement
Ear grain rows arrangement.
GRArr
grain row arrangement
Grain row number
Number of grain rows in the central part of the uppermost ear.
GRN
grain row number
Grain type
Type of grain.
GTyp
type
Ear diameter
Ear diameter measured at the central part of uppermost ear.
EDia
diameter
Uppermost ear shape
Shape of uppermost ear whether cylindrical or cylindrical-conical or conical or round.
UpESh
shape
Grain length
Grain length.
GLng
length
Grain width
Grain width.
GWid
width
FungDis - Estimation
Observe the plants that are damaged by any fungal diseases.
PHTslB - Measurement
Recommended to take multiple plants and measure the height from the base of a plant to the insertion of the first tassel branch, enter the data individually in the FieldBook and calculate the average.
Grain upper surface shape
Shape of the upper surface of grain.
GUpSSh
upper surface shape
EH - Measurement
Recommended to take 6 alternating plants per plot and measure the height between the base of a plant to the insertion of the top (uppermost) ear of the same plant, enter the data individually in the FieldBook and calculate the average.
ASI - Computation
Count number of days from planting date to anthesis and silking to determine days to anthesis (DTA) and days to silking (DTS), respectively and determine anthesis silking interval (ASI) by calculating: ASI = DTS-DTA.
Maize lethal necrosis severity
Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) severity.
MLNSev
Maize lethal necrosis severity
GRArr - Estimation
Observe grain row arrangement in the harvested ears and rate 1-4 categorical scale.
Grain thickness
Thickness of the grain.
GThk
thickness
StemCol - Estimation
Observe the stem color between the two topmost ears.
Endosperm color
Color of the endosperm.
EndoCol
color
TSCSev - Estimation
Observe tarspot complex severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
Tassel blasting severity
Observation of blasting severity of the tassel (necrosis due to heat stress) at the time of flowering. It occurs under extreme temperatures and drought.
TslBlastSev
blasting severity
Days to anthesis - Computation
Number of days from sowing to when 50% of the plants shed pollen. Observe a known number of plants carefully (guideline: N = 20 for inbred lines or hybrids; N = 35 for open pollinated varieties) at the same time each day until 50% of the plants in the plot have produced at least one visible anther and score the number of days from sowing. Also, it can be calculated using sowing and anthesis date.
Aleurone color
Color of the aleurone.
AleuCol
color
DTS - Computation
Number of days from sowing to when 50% of the plants silk. Also, it can be calculated using sowing and silking date.
Pericarp color
Color of the pericarp.
PericCol
color
SLodgInc - Computation
Divide the total numbers of plants with lodged stems by number of plants harvested.
1-4 Grain row arrangement scale
regular
1
irregular
2
straight
3
spiral
4
GMoi - Computation
Measure sample weight of grains per plot after harvest, record dry weight of the same samples and calculate grain moisture content for each sample using formula: 100*(Wt of sample - Dry Weight)/Wt of sample.
GLys - Measurement
Standard method for whole-grain lysin content.
Adjusted GY - Computation
Calculate shelled grain yield per unit area adjusted to 12.5% grain moisture.
EAsp - Estimation
Harvest ears per plot (eliminate first and last plants to avoid border effects) and score ear aspect combining several ear-associated traits. Note: Combination of traits usually differs from one breeder to another depending on type of study.
EndoProt - Measurement
Standard method for endosperm protein content.
PStand - Counting
Count total number of plants per plot.
GProt - Computation
Standard method for whole-grain protein content. % Protein = % of nitrogen x 6.25
EN - Computation
Compute number of ears using the formula.
ppm
GCol - Estimation
Observe color of grains.
mm
BHskCovInc - Counting
Count the total number of ears with bad husk cover.
1-3 size scale
large
1
normal
2
small
3
PAsp - Estimation
Score the plants per plot combining several agronomical and morphological characters of plants such plant height, ear height, stem/root loading. Note: Combination of traits usually differ from one breeder to another depending on type of study.
ppb
RLodgInc - Computation
Divide the total number of plants that are root lodged due to weak soil or poorly developed anchorage roots by the total number of plants that are harvested.
EndoTrp - Measurement
Standard method for endosperm tryptophan content.
GTyp - Estimation
Score the grains based on grain characters such as floury, dent per plot.
Aflatoxin content
Grain Aflatoxins content produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus.
Aflatox
Aflatoxin content
LRollSev - Estimation
Observe the plants per plot with the leaves rolled.
Aflatox - Measurement
Standard method for aflatoxin content.
RGY - Computation
Relative grain yield expressed as percentage of the mean grain yield of the trial. Values above 100% indicate above-average performance; values below 100% indicate below-average performance.
GTex - Estimation
Observe the variation of the intensity of a kernel/grain surface and score grain texture based on properties such as smoothness, coarseness and regularity of the grain.
HskCov - Estimation
Observe the ears hask cover and rate it.
GCol - Estimation
Count total number of grain rows in the ear.
SRInc - Computation
Divide the total number of SRot damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
Sen - Estimation
Observe dead leaf area per plant/plot and rate.
ERInc - Computation
Divide the total number of ears that are rotten by the total number of plants that are harvested.
EPo - Computation
Use ear height and plant height data of the same plants per plot and calculate the ratio. Small values indicate low ear position; large values indicate high ear position.
DMSev - Estimation
Observe downy mildew severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
EndoHard - Estimation
Determine quality of endosperm such as hardness in the lab and use 1-5 to scale to score it.
RustSev - Estimation
Observe rust severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
FgramSRInc - Computation
Divide the total number of FgramSR damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
FusERSev - Estimation
Observe fusarium ear rot severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
FmonSRInc - Computation
Divide the total number of FmonSR damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
FusSRInc - Computation
Divide the total number of FusSR damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
PytSRInc - Computation
Divide the total number of PytSR damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
1-5 disease scoring scale
highly resistant, clean no (%) infection
1
resistant, disease symptoms covering up to 20%
2
moderately susceptible, disease symptoms covering up to 50%
3
susceptible, disease symptoms covering upto 70%
4
highly susceptible, disease symptoms covering >80%
5
StenSRInc - Computation
Divide the total number of StenSR damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
MLNSev - Estimation
Observe maize lethal necrosis severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
Days to maturity - Computation
Number of days required from seeding to grain ripening. Also, it can be calculated using sowing and maturity date.
ABA - Measurement
Standard method for abscisic acid content.
TslSiz - Estimation
Score the tassels based on size using 1-3 categorical scale.
CSCInc - Counting
Count the total number of plants that are affected by corn stunt complex per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
Chl - Measurement
Measured with a portable chlorophyll meter (e.g. SPAD). Take the average measure from leaves of six alternating plants and use always leaves of similar insertion level.
CLSSev - Estimation
Observe curvularia leaf spot severity on plants per plot based on the degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
MCob - Computation
Divide the total number of Chupon plants by the total number of plants harvested.
GLSSev - Estimation
Observe GLS severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
Days to ear leaf senescence date - Computation
Number of days from sowing to when 50% of the plants have a dry ear leaf. Count the number of days from sowing to when 50% of the plants have a dry ear leaf. Also, it can be calculated using sowing and ear leaf senescence date.
PLSSev - Estimation
Observe phaeosphaeria leaf spot severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
BmaySev - Estimation
Observe maydis leaf blight severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
AflavERSev - Estimation
Observe aspergillus flavus ear rot severity on the harvested ears per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
EGrwR - Computation
Standard method for ear growth rate.
FgramERSev - Estimation
Observe fusarium graminearum ear rot severity on ears per plot based on degree of infection.
ELLng - Measurement
Standard method for ear leaf length.
FmonERSev - Estimation
Observe fusarium moniliforme ear rot severity on plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
ELW - Measurement
Standard method for ear leaf weight.
PERSev - Estimation
Observe penicillium ear rot severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
SmaySev - Estimation
Observe stenocarpella ear rot severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
Growing degree days to anthesis - Computation
Calculated as growing-degree units or growing degree days between sowing and 50% anthesis.
EturcSev - Estimation
Observe turcicum leaf blight severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
Growing degree days to maturity - Computation
Calculated as growing-degree units or growing degree days between sowing and maturity.
PpolySev - Estimation
Observe polysora rust severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
GLng - Measurement
Average of 10 consecutive grains from one row in the middle of the uppermost ear, measured with calliper.
CRustSev - Estimation
Observe common rust severity on plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
GWid - Measurement
Measure on the same 10 grains used for taking grain length measurement.
CSmutSev - Estimation
Observe common smut severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
LWid - Measurement
Take same leaf measured for leaf length and measure mid-way along its length.
TRustSev - Estimation
Observe tropical severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
EndoLys - Measurement
Standard method for endosperm lysin content.
DMVInc - Computation
Divide the total number of DMV damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
SCMVInc - Computation
Divide the total number of SCMV damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
MSVSev - Estimation
Observe the plants that are affected by maize streak virus per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
MRCVInc - Computation
Divide the total number of MRCV damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
HSmutInc - Computation
Divide the total number of HSmut damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
MSTVInc - Computation
Divide the total number of MSTV damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
ALBInc - Computation
Divide the total number of ALB damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
MRDVInc - Computation
Divide the total number of MRDV damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
ChiloDmg - Estimation
Observe the plant damage caused by chilo per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
MRFVInc - Computation
Divide the total number of MRFV damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
EDmg - Estimation
Observe the ears damage caused by ear rot and/or insects per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
StBorDmg - Estimation
Observe the plant damage caused by stem borer per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
StrigaDmg - Estimation
Observe the maize plant damage caused by striga per plot.
RootCapac - Measurement
Standard method for root capitance.
LGBDmg - Estimation
Observe the plant damage caused by large grain borer per plot
WeevInc - Estimation
Score maize weevil damage on the plants per plot.
LLng - Measurement
Measure the leaf which subtends the uppermost ear from ligule to apex.
ShtPub - Estimation
Standard method for sheath pubescence content.
BSDMInc - Computation
Divide the total number of BSDM damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
CTMInc - Computation
Divide the total number of CTM damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
SilkGrwR - Computation
Standard method for silk growth rate.
DMJInc - Computation
Divide the total number of DMJ damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
SilkLng - Measurement
Standard method for silk length.
PDMInc - Computation
Divide the total number of PDM damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
TslBW - Measurement
Standard method for tassel branches dry weight.
DMSInc - Computation
Divide the total number of DMS damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
g
PsacchInc - Computation
Divide the total number of Psacch damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
TslBN - Counting
Standard method for tassel branches number.
BLSBSev - Estimation
Observe banded leaf and sheath blight severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
Tillering - Counting
Count the number of tillers per plant (average of more than 20 representative) plants.
AstriInc - Computation
Divide the total number of ASTRI damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
UpESh - Estimation
Observe shape of uppermost ear.
BwSpotSev - Estimation
Observe brown spot severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
CharRInc - Computation
Divide the total number of CharRot damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
LateWiltInc - Computation
Divide the total number of LateWilt damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
SdlngDisInc - Computation
Divide the total number of SeedlingDis affected plants by the total number of plants harvested.
BCLSSev - Estimation
Observe bacterial leaf stripe severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
1-9 Grain color scale
white
1
yellow
2
purple
3
variegated
4
brown
5
orange
6
mottled
7
white cap
8
red
9
BactSRInc - Computation
Divide the total number of BactSR damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
0-10 Senescence scale
no dead leaf area
0
1-10% dead leaf area
1
11-20% dead leaf area
2
21-30% dead leaf area
3
31-40% dead leaf area
4
41-50% dead leave area
5
51-60% dead leave area
6
61-70% dead leave area
7
71-80% dead leave area
8
81-90% dead leave area
9
CSCMSev - Estimation
Observe maize busy stunt severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
SteWiltInc - Computation
Divide the total number of SteWilt damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
1-11 Grain type scale
floury
1
semi-floury (morocho), with an external layer of hard endoseprm.
2
dent
3
Semi-dent, intermediate between dent and flint but closer to dent
4
Semi-flint, flint with a soft cap
5
flint
6
pop
7
sweet
8
Opaque 2/QPM
9
AphDmg - Estimation
Observe the plant damage caused by aphids per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
AWormDmg - Estimation
Observe the plant damage caused by army worms per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
BusseolaInc - Counting
Count the number plants that are damaged by busseola (african stem borer) per plot.
DiabroticaDmg - Estimation
Observe the plant damage caused by Diabrotica per plot.
ยกC
DiatraeaDmg - Estimation
Observe the plant damage caused by Diatraea plot.
EWormInc - Computation
Divide the total number of EWDMG damaged ears by the total number of plants harvested.
WeevN - Counting
Standard method for maize weevil number in a sample. Weevils were counted only once (at the end of a 45-d incubation period)
GWLostWeev - Measurement
Seed weight loss was determined using the count and weight method of Gwinner et al (1996). Weight loss (%) = (Wu x Nd) - (Wd x Nu) x 100 / Wu x (Nd + Nu) where Wu=weight of the undamaged seed, Nu = number of undamaged seed, Wd = Weight of damaged seed, and Nd=Number of damaged seed.
GW DW - Measurement
Count and weigh grains randomly selected from the total grains.
GN - Computation
Standard method for grain number.
EDia - Measurement
Measure, when applicable, ear diameter at the central part of uppermost ears of at least 20 representative plants per accession.
cm
ELng - Measurement
Measure, when applicable, ear length of at least 20 representative plants per accession, record the data in the fieldbook.
%
TslTyp - Estimation
Standard method for tassel type.
day
ELChl - Measurement
Standard method for ear leaf chlorophyll content.
plant/plot
YLChl - Measurement
Standard method for young leaf chlorophyll content.
ear/plant
Glucose - Measurement
Standard method for glucose content.
kg/plot
GUpSSh - Estimation
Observe the shape of the upper surface of grain, when applicable, on at least 20 representative plants per accession, after harvest.
NDVI - Measurement
Optimum number of measurements: i) Vegetative stage: Weekly measurements from 2 to 6 weeks after planting; ii) Flowering: only for inbred lines.
PericCol - Estimation
Observe the pericarp color, when applicable, on at least 20 representative plants per accession.
OA - Measurement
Standard method for osmotic adjustment.
AleuCol - Estimation
Observe the aleurone color, when applicable, on at least 20 representative plants per accession.
OP - Measurement
Standard method for osmotic potential.
EndoCol - Estimation
Observe the endosperm color, when applicable, on at least 20 representative plants per accession.
PRI - Measurement
Standard method for photochemical radiation index.
GThk - Measurement
Measure the thickness of the same 10 grains used for taking grain length measurement.
Proline - Measurement
Standard method for proline content.
TslBlastSev - Estimation
Standard method for tassel blasting.
index
SCond - Measurement
Measured with a portable porometer. Take the measures in the middle between leaf tip and leaf base, and in between leaf midrib and leaf rim. Blade sections measured must to be exposed to sunlight for at least the 30 minutes before. Measurements always performed in the same side of the leaf (usually the lower or abaxial one). One measurement per leaf, and at least 3 per plot. 1 min per measurement.
Sucrose - Measurement
Standard method for sucrose content.
CCI
GAsh - Measurement
Standard method for whole-grain ash content
WI - Measurement
Standard method for water index.
GIron - Measurement
Standard method for whole-grain iron content.
GVitA - Measurement
Standard method for whole-grain pro-vitaminA content.
GStarch - Measurement
Standard method for whole-grain starch content.
GZinc - Measurement
Standard method for whole-grain zinc content.
CT - Measurement
Standard method for canopy temperature.
1-5 rating scale
excellent
1
good
2
intermediate
3
poor
4
very poor
5
1-3 density scale
sparse
1
intermediate
2
dense
3
1-3 Tassel branching type scale
primary
1
secondary
2
primary-secondary-tertiary
3
1-5 damage scoring scale
clean, no damage
1
slightly (20%) damaged
2
moderately (50% ) damaged
3
Significantly (70%) damaged
4
highly (>80%) damaged
5
1-5 Endosperm hardness scale
hard and transparent grains
1
semi-hard and semi-transparent grains
2
intermediate grain hardness
3
semi-soft and semi-opaque grains
4
soft and opaque grains
5
1-5 Grain texture scale
flint
1
semi-flint
2
intermediate
3
semi-dent
4
dent
5
1-5 Leaf rolling severity scale
unrolled
1
turgid leaves
2
desirable
3
not severely rolled leaves
4
severely rolled leaves, undesirable
5
1-5 Pericarp color scale
colorless
1
grayyish white
2
red
3
brown
4
other
5
1-5 Aleurone color scale
colorless
1
bronze
2
red
3
purple
4
other
5
1-4 Ear shape scale
cylindrical
1
cylindrical-conical
2
conical
3
round
4
Corn stunt spiroplasma severity
Corn stunt spiroplasma severity.
CSSSev
Corn Spiroplasma stunt severity
CSSSev - Estimation
Observe fusarium graminearum ear rot severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection.
1-5 WeevDmgInc scale
no infestation
1
slightly (20%) infested
2
moderately (50% ) infested
3
Significantly (70%) infested
4
severly infested
5
cm/day
0-1 absent-present scale
absent
0
present
1
1-5 Tassel blasting severity scale
no blasting
1
low to moderate level of blasting
2
moderate level of blasting
3
moderate to high level of blasting
4
very high level of blasting
5
pg/g
ยกC day
Mpa
uF
mmol /m2/s
tiller/plant
row/ear
branch
weevil
grain/plant
Aspergillus ear rot severity
Aspergillus ear rot severity.
AspERSev
Aspergillus ear rot severity
AspERSev - Estimation
Observe aspergillus ear rot severity on the harvested ears per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
DMSSev - Estimation
Observe sorghum downy mildew severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
Ear harvested number
Number of ears harvested.
EHvst
harvested number
Ear weight
Weight of mature upper ear, including cob and kernels, and at a defined moisture content, although often this is not provided.
EW
weight
Ear shelling ratio
The ratio of grain to total ear weight.
Shell
Shelling ratio
Grain oil content
Whole-grain oil content.
GOil
Oil content
Leaf color
Color of the leaf.
LCol
color
Leaf erectness
Insertion angle of the leaves.
LErect
erectness
Silk Anthocyanin coloration
Anthocyanin coloration of stigmas.
SilkCol
Anthocyanin coloration
Standard germination
Standard germination.
StdGerm
Standard germination
Tassel Anthocyanin coloration
Anthocyanin coloration of tassel.
TslCol
Anthocyanin coloration
Tassel density
Density of spikelets.
TslDen
density
Tassel exertion
Tassel exertion.
TslExer
exertion
Tassel opening
Tassel angle.
TslOpen
opening
Plant uniformity
Uniformity of plants.
PUnif
uniformity
Plant vigor
Plant vigor.
PVig
vigor
StrigaPN - Counting
Count the total number of emerged striga plants per plot. It is counted three times, 8 weeks, 10 weeks and 12 weeks after planting.
Plants harvested
Number of plants harvested per unit area.
PHvst
havested number
BHskCovInc - Computation
Divide the total number of ears with bad husk cover by the total number of ears harvested.
Common smut incidence
Common smut (Ustilago maydis, syn. U. zeae)incidence.
CSmutInc
Common smut incidence
CSmutInc - Computation
Divide the total number of CSN damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
CSCInc - Computation
Divide the total number of CSC damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
EPo - Estimation
Determine ear position using 1-3 scale.
1-3 Ear position scale
low ear position
1
ear around mid-plant
2
high ear position
3
ERInc - Counting
Count the total number of ears that damaged or/and rotten per plot.
FusSRInc - Counting
Count the plants that are affected by fusarium stalk rot per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
FgramSRInc - Counting
Count the plants that are affected by fusarium graminearum stalk rot per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
FmonSRInc - Counting
Count the plants that are affected by fusarium moniliforme stalk rot per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
HSmutInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by head smut per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
DMVInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by maize dwarf mosaic virus per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
MSVInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by maize streak virus per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
MSVInc - Computation
Divide the total number of MSV damaged plants by the total number of plants harvested.
RLodgInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that show root lodging and record data in filedbook. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
SLodgInc - Counting
Count the number of plants with the stem lodged. The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
MCob - Counting
Count the number of plants that have more than one ear growing from the same node.
CTMInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by CTM per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
DMJInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by DMJ per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
PytSRInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by pythium stalk rot per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
DMSInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by sorghum downy mildew per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
PDMInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by philippine downy mildew per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
PsacchInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by sugarcane downy mildew per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
SCMVInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by sugarcane mosaic virus per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
SRInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by stalk rot per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
ALBInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by anthracnose leaf blight per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
BactSRInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by bacterial stalk rot per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
AstriInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by black bundle per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
BSDMInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by brown stripe downy mildew per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
CharRInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by charcoal rot per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
EWormInc - Counting
Count the number of ear damage caused by earworm per plot.
LateWiltInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by late wilt per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
MRFVInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by maize bushy stunt per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
MRDVInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by maize rough dwarf virus per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
MSTVInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by maize stripe virus per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
MRCVInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by mal de rio cuarto virus per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
StenSRInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by stenocarpella stalk rot per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
SteWiltInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by stewart wilt per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
PHvst - Counting
Count the total number of plants harvested per plot/entry.
EHvst - Counting
Count the total number of ears harvested per plot/entry, excluding secondary ears that are extremely small.
ug/g
EarW Dry weight - Measurement
Harvest all ears in a plot (or row), put them in the nylon bag and record weight. If at all possible, delay harvest of maize until its moisture content is low (15-25%).
FW GY - Measurement
Shell the grains (kernels) from the ears harvested per plot and record fresh (field) weight.
Shell - Computation
Use formula to calculate ear sheeling ratio.
GOil - Measurement
Standard method for oil content
t/ha
PUnif - Estimation
Standard method for plant uniformity
PVig - Estimation
Standard method for plant vigor
LCol - Estimation
Standard method for leaf color.
LErect - Estimation
Standard method for leaf erectness
SilkAnCol - Estimation
Standard method for silk Anthocyanin coloration.
StdGerm - Estimation
Standard method for standard germination
TslAnCol - Estimation
Standard method for tassel Anthocyanin coloration.
TslDen - Estimation
Standard method for tassel density
TslExer - Estimation
Standard method for tassel exertion
TslOpen - Estimation
Standard method for tassel opening
1-5 Leaf color scale
light green
1
green
2
dark green
3
reddish
4
purple
5
1-4 Leaf erectness scale
erect
1
semi erect
2
semi horizontal
3
drooping
4
1-5 Anthocyanin coloration scale
absent
1
weak
2
medium
3
strong
4
very strong
5
1-5 Standard germination scale
excellent germination (90-100%)
1
good germination (70-89%)
2
intermediate germination (30-69%)
3
poor germination (11-29%)
4
very poor germination (0-10%)
5
1-3 Tassel density scale
lax
1
medium
2
dense
3
1-5 Tassel exertion scale
very short
1
short
2
medium
3
long
4
very long
5
1-5 Tassel opening scale
very compact
1
compact
2
semi open
3
open
4
postrate
5
1-3 Plant uniformity scale
100%
1
95%
2
mixed
3
1-5 Vigor scale
very vigorous
1
vigorous
2
normal
3
weak
4
very weak
5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AleuCol_E_1to5
Anther Anthocyanin coloration
Anthocyanin coloration of anthers.
AntCol
Anthocyanin coloration
AntAnCol - Estimation
Standard method for tassel anthers Anthocyanin coloration. The observation should be made in the middle third of the main branch on fresh anthers.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AntAnCol_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AflavERSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AspERSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BHskCovInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BHskCovInc_Ct_plntPlot
BHskCovInc - Estimation
Observation of ears with bad husk cover.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BHskCovInc_E_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSmutSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EAsp_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EDia_M_cm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EDmg_E_1to5
Ear shape
Ear shape
EShape
shape
EShape - Estimation
Standard method for ear shape
1-3 Ear shape scale
conical
1
conical-cylindrical
2
cylindrical
3
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EShape_E_1to3
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EH_M_cm
ear/plot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EHvst_Ct_earPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ELng_M_cm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EN_Cmp_earplnt
Ear position ratio
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EPo_Cmp_ratio
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EPo_E_1to3
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ERInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ERInc_Ct_earPlot
EarW Field weight - Measurement
Harvest all ears in a plot (or row), put them in the nylon bag and dry at 60-70ยกC for 1-2 days, then measure and record the weight of dried ears.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EW_DW_kgPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EW_FW_kgPlot
Earworm damage
Ear worm (Heliothis) damage.
EWormDmg
Earworm damage
EWormDmg - Measurement
Standard method for earworm damage measured in cm of feeding. 0 - no ear damage, 1 - 1 cm, + 1 for each additional cm of feeding
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EWormDmg_M_cm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EWormInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EWormInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FgramERSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FmonERSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FusERSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GRArr_E_1to4
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GRN_Ct_rowear
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
HskCov_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PERSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Shell_Cmp_pct
Ear shelling ratio
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Shell_Cmp_ratio
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SmaySev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ELLng_M_cm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ELW_M_g
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ELChl_M_CCI
1-6 Endosperm color scale
white
1
cream
2
pale yellow
3
yellow
4
orange
5
white cap
6
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EndoCol_E_1to6
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EndoHard_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EndoLys_M_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EndoProt_M_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EndoTrp_M_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Aflatox_M_ppb
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GCol_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GLng_M_mm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GMoi_Cmp_pct
NIRS Moi - Measurement
Measure moisture of a grain sample using NIRS moisture analyzer.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GMoi_NIRS_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GN_Cmp_grnplnt
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GTex_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GThk_M_mm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GTyp_E_1to11
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GUpSSh_E_1to6
g/1000grain
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GW_DW_g1000grn
1000KW
TKW
TGW
g/100grain
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GW_DW_g100grn
100KW
g/200grain
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GW_DW_g200grn
200KW
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GWid_M_mm
kg/ha
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_Adj_kgha
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_Adj_tha
DW GY - Measurement
Shell the grains (kernels) from the ears harvested per plot and put grains in a paper bag and dry at 60-70ยกC for 1-2 days, then measure and record the weight of dried grain.
g/plot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_DW_gPlot
Dry weight basis GY - Computation
Calculate shelled grain yield per unit area calculated in dry weight basis.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_DW_kgha
DW GY - Measurement
Shell the grains (kernels) from the ears harvested per plot and put grains in a paper bag and dry at 60-70ยกC for 1-2 days, then measure and record the weight of dried grain.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_DW_kgPlot
DW GY - Computation
Calculate shelled grain yield per unit area calculated in dry weight basis.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_DW_tha
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_FW_gPlot
FW GY - Computation
Calculate shelled grain yield per unit area calculated in fresh (field) weight basis.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_FW_kgha
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_FW_kgPlot
FW GY - Computation
Calculate shelled grain yield per unit area calculated in fresh (field) weight basis.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_FW_tha
GYRank - Computation
It is calculated as the numerical position of the progeny when yields are arrenged from highest to lowest.
Rank number
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_Rank_number
Relative to check - Computation
Calculated as relative grain yield agaisnst the best check in percentage.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_RelChk_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_RGY_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LGBDmg_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
StdGerm_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
WeevInc_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
WeevN_Ct_weevil
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BCLSSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BLSBSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BmaySev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BwSpotSev_E_1to5
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Chl_M_CCI
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CLSSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CRustSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EturcSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GLSSev_E_1to5
Leaf ash content
Ash content in maize leaves.
LAsh
Ash content
LAsh- Measurement
Standard method for leaves ash content
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LAsh_M_pct
NIRS LAsh - Measurement
NIRS method for leaves ash content
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LAsh_NIRS_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LCol_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LErect_E_1to4
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LLng_M_cm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LRollSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LWid_M_cm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PLSSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PpolySev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
RustSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SCond_M_mmolm2s
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Sen_E_0to10
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Sen_E_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TRustSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TSCSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PericCol_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ALBInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ALBInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Ant_Cmp_Cday
AnthesisGDU
Anthesis date - Estimation
Date when 50% of the plants shed pollen. Observe a known number of plants carefully (guideline: N = 20 for inbred lines or hybrids; N = 35 for open pollinated varieties) at the same time each day until 50% of the plants in the plot have produced at least one visible anther and record the date.
yyyymmdd
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Ant_Date_ymd
AD
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Ant_DT_day
DTA
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AphDmg_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ASI_Cmp_day
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AstriInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AstriInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AWormDmg_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BactSRInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BactSRInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BSDMInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BSDMInc_Ct_plntPlot
Busseola damage
Plant damage caused by Busseola larvae.
BusseolaDmg
Busseola damage
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BusseolaDmg_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BusseolaInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CharRInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CharRInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ChiloDmg_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSCInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSCInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSCMSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSmutInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSmutInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSSSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CT_M_C
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CTMInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CTMInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DiabroticaDmg_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DiatraeaDmg_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMJInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMJInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMSInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMSInc_Ct_plntPlot
Sorghum downy mildew severity
Sorghum downy mildew (Peronosclerospora sorghi) severity.
DMSSev
Sorghum downy mildew severity
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMSSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMVInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMVInc_Ct_plntPlot
Ear leaf senescence date - Computation
Record date when 50% of the plants have a dry ear leaf.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ELSen_Date_ymd
ELSenD
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ELSen_DT_day
DTELSen
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FgramSRInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FgramSRInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FmonSRInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FmonSRInc_Ct_plntPlot
Fusarium moniliforme stalk rot severity
Fusarium moniliforme stalk rot severity.
FmonSRSev
Fusarium moniliforme stalk rot severity
FmonSRSev - Estimation
Observe fusarium moniliforme stalk rot severity on plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FmonSRSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FungDis_E_0to1
Text
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FungDis_E_text
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FusSRInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FusSRInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GWLostWeev_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
HSmutInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
HSmutInc_Ct_plntPlot
Head smut severity
Head smut (Sphacelotheca reiliana) severity.
HSmutSev
Head smut severity
HSmutSev - Estimation
Observe head smut severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
HSmutSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LateWiltInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LateWiltInc_Ct_plntPlot
Lodging incidence
Observation of lodging severity.
LodgInc
lodging incidence
LodgInc - Estimation
Scored for severity of lodging.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LodgInc_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Mat_Cmp_Cday
MaturityGDU
Maturity date - Estimation
Record the date when excised kernels are longitudinally cut to expose a black internal abscission layer at the base of the kernel that signals the kernel has ceased to absorb nutrients or moisture from the mother plants.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Mat_Date_ymd
MD
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Mat_DT_day
DTM
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MCob_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MCob_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MLNSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MRCVInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MRCVInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MRDVInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MRDVInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MRFVInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MRFVInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MSTVInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MSTVInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MSVInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MSVInc_Ct_plntPlot
Maize streak virus severity
Maize streak virus severity (MSV) severity.
MSVSev
Maize streak virus severity
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MSVSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
NDVI_M_idx
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
OA_M_Mpa
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
OP_M_Mpa
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PAsp_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PDMInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PDMInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PHTslB_M_cm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PHvst_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PRI_M_idx
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PsacchInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PsacchInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PStand_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PUnif_E_1to3
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PVig_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PytSRInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PytSRInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
RLodgInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
RLodgInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SCMVInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SCMVInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SdlngDisInc_Cmp_pct
SdlngDisInc - Counting
Count the seedling that are affected by seedling diseases per plot.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SdlngDisInc_Ct_plntPlot
Silking date - Estimation
Observe plants carefully and record date when 50% of plants within a plot area have silks visible (female flowering date). This is determined on a daily basis by counting the number of plants with at least one silk extruded divided by the total number of plants in the plot.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Silk_Date_ymd
SD
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Silk_DT_day
DTS
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SLodgInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SLodgInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SRInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SRInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
StBorDmg_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
StenSRInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
StenSRInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SteWiltInc_Cmp_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SteWiltInc_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
StrigaDmg_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
Tillering_Ct_tllrplnt
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
WI_M_idx
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
RootCapac_M_uF
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ShtPub_E_1to3
Shelled cob weight
Weight of shelled cob.
ShellCobW
weight or yield
ShellCobW - Measurement (duplicate)
Record shelled cob field weight.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ShellCobW_FW_gPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ShellCobW_FW_kgPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SilkAnCol_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SilkGrwR_Cmp_cmday
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SilkLng_M_cm
1-5 Stem color scale
green
1
sun red
2
red
3
purple
4
brown
5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
StemCol_E_1to5
Striga plant number
Number of Striga hermonthica plants.
StrigaPN
Plant number
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
StrigaPN_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TslBlastSev_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TslAnCol_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TslDen_E_1to3
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TslExer_E_1to5
Tassel glumes base Anthocyanin coloration
Anthocyanin coloration at base of tassel glumes.
TslGlBCol
Anthocyanin coloration
TslGlBAnCol - Estimation
Standard method for glumes base tassel Anthocyanin coloration.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TslGlBAnCol_E_1to5
Tassel glumes Anthocyanin coloration
Anthocyanin coloration of tassel glumes excluding the bases of the glumes.
TslGlCol
Anthocyanin coloration
TslGlAnCol - Estimation
Standard method for glumes tassel Anthocyanin coloration. The measurement should exclude the bases of the glumes.
CIMMYT
TslGlAnCol_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TslOpen_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TslSiz_E_1to3
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TslTyp_E_1to3
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TslBN_Ct_branch
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TslBW_DW_g
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
UpESh_E_1to4
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GAsh_M_pct
NIRS GAsh - Measurement
NIRS method for whole-grain ash content
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GAsh_NIRS_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GIron_M_ppm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GLys_M_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GOil_M_pct
NIRS GOil - Measurement
NIRS method for oil content
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GOil_NIRS_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GProt_Cmp_pct
NIRS GProt- Measurement
NIRS method for whole-grain protein content.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GProt_NIRS_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GStarch_M_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GTrp_M_pct
NIRS GTrp- Measurement
NIRS method for whole-grain tryptophan content.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GTrp_NIRS_pct
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GVitA_M_ยตgg
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GZinc_M_ppm
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
YLChl_M_CCI
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GABA_M_ugg
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GGlucose_M_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
RProl_M_ugg
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GSucrose_M_pct
Leaf sucrose content
Sucrose content in the leaf
LSucrose
Sucrose content
GW Adjusted - Computation
Compute grain weigh adjuted to 12.5% moisture.
GW FW - Measurement
Count and weigh grains randomly selected from the total grains.
1-9 disease scoring scale
no infection
1
very low infection
2
low infection
3
low to medium infection
4
medium infection
5
medium to high infection
6
high infection
7
very high infection
8
severe infection
9
1-9 Anthocyanin coloration scale
absent or very weak
1
very weak to weak
2
weak
3
weak to medium
4
medium
5
medium to strong
6
strong
7
strong to very strong
8
very strong
9
1-2 absent-present scale
absent
1
present
2
umol/g
mg/g
ng/g
ng/ยตg
EN - Counting
Count the number of ears.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EN_Ct_earPlot
Plant height
Plant height from the base to the top part (in reproductive stages to the top of the tassel).
PH
height
PH - Measurement
Recommended to take multiple plants and measure the height from the base of a plant to the top of the tassel, enter the data individually in the FieldBook and calculate the average.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PH_M_cm
Plant height to ligule of the flag leaf
Plant height from the base to the ligule of the flag leaf.
PHFL
height to ligule of the flag leaf
PHFL - Measurement
Recommended to take multiple plants and measure the height between the base of a plant to the ligule of the flag leaf, enter the data individually in the FieldBook and calculate the average.
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PHFL_M_cm
g/plant/day
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EGrwR_Cmp_gplntday
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EW_FW_gPlot
EarW Individual - Measurement
Harvest a mature upper ear and measure its weight
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EW_M_gear
Grain test weight
Grain test weight of mature kernels.
GTW
test weight
GTW - Computation
Standard method for grain test weight.
lb/bsh
GxE
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GTW_M_lbbsh
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GW_Adj_g1000grn
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GW_Adj_g100grn
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GW_Adj_g200grn
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GW_FW_g200grn
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GW_FW_g1000grn
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GW_FW_g100grn
lb/plot
GxE
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GY_FW_lbPlot
Seedling vigor
Seedling vigor.
SdlngVig
vigor
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SdlngVig_E_1to5
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AspERSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AspERSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AflavERSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
AflavERSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BCLSSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BCLSSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BLSBSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BLSBSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BwSpotSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BwSpotSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CRustSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CRustSev_E_pct
CSmutInc - Counting
Count the number of plants that are affected by the common smut per plot. Note: The first and the last plants are eliminated to avoid border effects.
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSmutSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSmutSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSSSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSSSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CLSSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CLSSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FusERSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FusERSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FgramERSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FgramERSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FmonERSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FmonERSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FmonSRSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
FmonSRSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GLSSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GLSSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
HSmutSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
HSmutSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSCMSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSCMSev_E_pct
Maize dwarf mosaic virus severity
Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) severity.
DMVSev
Maize dwarf mosaic virus incidence
DMVSev - Estimation
Observe maize dwarf mosaic virus severity on the plants per plot based on degree of infection (relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by disease).
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMVSev_Ct_plntPlot
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MLNSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MLNSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MSVSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
MSVSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BmaySev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
BmaySev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PERSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PERSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PLSSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PLSSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PpolySev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
PpolySev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
RustSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
RustSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMSSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
DMSSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SmaySev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
SmaySev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TSCSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TSCSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TRustSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
TRustSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EturcSev_E_1to9
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EturcSev_E_pct
CIMMYT
AntAnCol_E_1to9
CIMMYT
AntAnCol_E_1to2
Cob glumes Anthocyanin coloration
Anthocyanin coloration of cob glumes.
CobGlCol
Anthocyanin coloration
CobGlAnCol - Estimation
Standard method for cob tassel Anthocyanin coloration. The anthocyanin Anthocyanin colorationation should be observed on the middle third of the uppermost cob, after the removal of some of the grains.
CIMMYT
CobGlAnCol_E_1to9
Cob glumes color
Color of the cob glumes.
CobGlCol
color
CobGlCol - Estimation
Standard method for cob tassel color. The anthocyanin coloration should be observed on the middle third of the uppermost cob, after the removal of some of the grains.
1-3 Cob color scale
white
1
light purple
2
dark purple
3
CIMMYT
CobGlCol_E_1to3
GxE
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
ELng_M_mm
Ear width
Ear width.
EWid
width
EWid - Measurement
Meaure ear width.
GxE
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
EWid_M_mm
1-6 Grain upper surface shape scale
shrunken
1
indented
2
level
3
rounded
4
pointed
5
strongly pointed
6
CIMMYT
TslGlAnCol_E_1to9
CIMMYT
TslGlAnCol_E_1to2
CIMMYT
TslGlBAnCol_E_1to9
CIMMYT
TslGlBAnCol_E_1to2
Cob sucrose content
Sucrose content in the cob
CSucrose
Sucrose content
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
CSucrose_M_umolg
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GABA_M_pgg
ug/mg
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GGlucose_M_ugmg
Grain proline content
Proline content in the grain.
GProline
Proline content
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GProline_M_mgg
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GSucrose_M_umolg
Leaf abscisic acid content
Abscisic acid content in the leaf.
LABA
Abscisic acid content
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LABA_M_ngg
Leaf proline content
Proline content in the leaf.
LProline
Proline content
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LProline_M_ugg
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LSucrose_M_umolg
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
LSucrose_M_mgg
Root abscisic acid content
Abscisic acid content in the root.
RABA
Abscisic acid content
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
RABA_M_ngg
Root glucose content
Glucose content in the root.
RGlucose
Glucose content
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
RGlucose_M_ngug
Root sucrose content
Sucrose content in the root.
RSucrose
Sucrose content
CIMMYT
Kate Dreher; Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
RSucrose_M_ngug
Grain Nitrogen content
Whole-grain Nitrogen content.
GNC
Nitrogen content
GNC - Measurement
Standard method for whole-grain Nitrogen content
CIMMYT
Rosemary Shrestha; Julian Pietragalla
GNC_M_pct
https://cropontology.org/rdf/
MAIZE ontology